Neural and Non-Neural AI, Reasoning, Transformers, and LSTMs
28 août 2024
Jürgen Schmidhuber, the father of generative AI shares his groundbreaking work in deep learning and artificial intelligence. In this exclusive interview, he discusses the history of AI, some of his contributions to the field, and his vision for the future of intelligent machines. Schmidhuber offers unique insights into the exponential growth of technology and the potential impact of AI on humanity and the universe.
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TOC
00:00:00 Intro
00:03:38 Reasoning
00:13:09 Potential AI Breakthroughs Reducing Computation Needs
00:20:39 Memorization vs. Generalization in AI
00:25:19 Approach to the ARC Challenge
00:29:10 Perceptions of Chat GPT and AGI
00:58:45 Abstract Principles of Jurgen's Approach
01:04:17 Analogical Reasoning and Compression
01:05:48 Breakthroughs in 1991: the P, the G, and the T in ChatGPT and Generative AI
01:15:50 Use of LSTM in Language Models by Tech Giants
01:21:08 Neural Network Aspect Ratio Theory
01:26:53 Reinforcement Learning Without Explicit Teachers
Refs:
? "Annotated History of Modern AI and Deep Learning" (2022 survey by Schmidhuber):
? Chain Rule For Backward Credit Assignment (Leibniz, 1676)
? First Neural Net / Linear Regression / Shallow Learning (Gauss & Legendre, circa 1800)
? First 20th Century Pioneer of Practical AI (Quevedo, 1914)
? First Recurrent NN (RNN) Architecture (Lenz, Ising, 1920-1925)
? AI Theory: Fundamental Limitations of Computation and Computation-Based AI (Gödel, 1931-34)
? Unpublished ideas about evolving RNNs (Turing, 1948)
? Multilayer Feedforward NN Without Deep Learning (Rosenblatt, 1958)
? First Published Learning RNNs (Amari and others, ~1972)
? First Deep Learning (Ivakhnenko & Lapa, 1965)
? Deep Learning by Stochastic Gradient Descent (Amari, 1967-68)
? ReLUs (Fukushima, 1969)
? Backpropagation (Linnainmaa, 1970); precursor (Kelley, 1960)
? Backpropagation for NNs (Werbos, 1982)
? First Deep Convolutional NN (Fukushima, 1979); later combined with Backprop (Waibel 1987, Zhang 1988).
? Metalearning or Learning to Learn (Schmidhuber, 1987)
? Generative Adversarial Networks / Artificial Curiosity / NN Online Planners (Schmidhuber, Feb 1990; see the G in Generative AI and ChatGPT)
? NNs Learn to Generate Subgoals and Work on Command (Schmidhuber, April 1990)
? NNs Learn to Program NNs: Unnormalized Linear Transformer (Schmidhuber, March 1991; see the T in ChatGPT)
? Deep Learning by Self-Supervised Pre-Training. Distilling NNs (Schmidhuber, April 1991; see the P in ChatGPT)
? Experiments with Pre-Training; Analysis of Vanishing/Exploding Gradients, Roots of Long Short-Term Memory / Highway Nets / ResNets (Hochreiter, June 1991, further developed 1999-2015 with other students of Schmidhuber)
? LSTM journal paper (1997, most cited AI paper of the 20th century)
? xLSTM (Hochreiter, 2024)
? Reinforcement Learning Prompt Engineer for Abstract Reasoning and Planning (Schmidhuber 2015)
? Mindstorms in Natural Language-Based Societies of Mind (2023 paper by Schmidhuber's team)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.17066
? Bremermann's physical limit of computation (1982)
EXTERNAL LINKS
CogX 2018 - Professor Juergen Schmidhuber
• CogX 2018 - Professor Juergen Schmidh...
Discovering Neural Nets with Low Kolmogorov Complexity and High Generalization Capability (Neural Networks, 1997)
https://sferics.idsia.ch/pub/juergen/...
The paradox at the heart of mathematics: Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem - Marcus du Sautoy
• The paradox at the heart of mathemati...
The Philosophy of Science - Hilary Putnam & Bryan Magee (1977)
• The Philosophy of Science - Hilary Pu...
Optimal Ordered Problem Solver
https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0207097
Levin's Universal Search from 1973
https://rjlipton.com/2011/03/14/levin...
https://people.idsia.ch/~juergen/opti...
On Learning to Think
https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.09249
Mindstorms in Natural Language-Based Societies of Mind
Untersuchungen zu dynamischen neuronalen Netzen
https://www.bioinf.jku.at/publication...
Evolutionary Principles in Self-Referential Learning
https://people.idsia.ch/~juergen/dipl...
Hans-Joachim Bremermann
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bremerm...
Highway Networks
https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.00387
https://people.idsia.ch/~juergen/high...
The principles of Deep Learning Theory
https://amzn.to/3WJtPaj
Understanding Deep Learning https://amzn.to/4doDk63
Discovering Problem Solutions with Low Kolmogorov Complexity and High Generalization Capability (ICML 1995)
https://sferics.idsia.ch/pub/juergen/...
"History of Modern AI and Deep Learning":
https://people.idsia.ch/~juergen/deep...
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