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CAP1298-8-Channel-Capacitive-Touch-Sensor-Controller-with-Proximity-Detection-Signal-Guard-Datasheet

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 2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 1 General Description The CAP1298 is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor controller. It contains eight (8) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. In addition, the CAP1298 can be configured to detect proximity on one or more channels with an optional signal guard to reduce noise sensitivity and to isolate the proximity antenna from nearby conductive surfaces that would otherwise attenuate the e-field. The CAP1298 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1298 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. The Combo state allows a combination of sensor input controls to be used which enables one or more sensor inputs to operate as buttons while another sensor input is operating as a proximity detector. Power consumption in the Standby and Combo states is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. Applications • Desktop and Notebook PCs • LCD Monitors • Consumer Electronics • Appliances Features • Eight (8) Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs - Programmable sensitivity - Automatic recalibration - Calibrates for parasitic capacitance - Individual thresholds for each button • Proximity Detection • Signal Guard - Isolates the proximity antenna from attenuation - Reduces system noise sensitivity effects on inputs • Multiple Button Pattern Detection • Power Button Support • Press and Hold Feature for Volume-like Applications • 3.3V or 5V Supply • Analog Filtering for System Noise Sources • RF Detection and Avoidance Filters • Digital EMI Blocker • 8kV ESD Rating on All Pins (HBM) • Low Power Operation - 5µA quiescent current in Deep Sleep - 50µA quiescent current in Standby (1 sensor input monitored) - Samples one or more channels in Standby • SMBus / I2C Compliant Communication Interface • Available in a 16-pin 3mm x 3mm QFN RoHS compliant package • Available in a 14-pin SOIC RoHS compliant package CAP1298 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Controller with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 2  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 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Errata An errata sheet, describing minor operational differences from the data sheet and recommended workarounds, may exist for current devices. As device/documentation issues become known to us, we will publish an errata sheet. The errata will specify the revision of silicon and revision of document to which it applies. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please check with one of the following: • Microchip’s Worldwide Web site; http://www.microchip.com • Your local Microchip sales office (see last page) When contacting a sales office, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include -literature number) you are using. Customer Notification System Register on our web site at www.microchip.com to receive the most current information on all of our products.  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 3 CAP1298 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 Pin Description and Configuration .................................................................................................................................................. 8 3.0 Functional Description .................................................................................................................................................................. 21 4.0 Register Descriptions .................................................................................................................................................................... 58 5.0 Operational Characteristics ........................................................................................................................................................... 69 6.0 Package Outline ............................................................................................................................................................................ 85 Appendix A: Data Sheet Revision History ........................................................................................................................................... 91 The Microchip Web Site ...................................................................................................................................................................... 93 Customer Change Notification Service ............................................................................................................................................... 93 Customer Support ............................................................................................................................................................................... 93 Product Identification System ............................................................................................................................................................. 94 CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 4  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Block Diagram 1.2 Pin Diagrams FIGURE 1-1: CAP1298 BLOCK DIAGRAM FIGURE 1-2: CAP1298 14-PIN SOIC SMBus Protocol SMCLK SMDATA VDD GND ALERT# Capacitive Touch Sensing Algorithm CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4 CS6 CS7 CS8 CS5 / SG CAP1298 1 2 3 4 14 13 12 11 5 6 7 10 9 8 CS2 CS1 ALERT# SMDAT SMCLK N/C CS3 CS4 CS5/SG CS6 CS7 CS8 VDD GND  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 5 CAP1298 1.3 Pin Description FIGURE 1-3: CAP1298 PIN DIAGRAM (16-PIN QFN) TABLE 1-1: PIN DESCRIPTION FOR CAP1298 QFN Pin # SOIC Pin # Pin Name Pin Function Pin Type Unused Connection 1 3 ALERT# ALERT# - Active low alert / interrupt output for SMBus alert OD Connect to Ground 2 4 SMDATA SMDATA - Bi-directional, open-drain SMBus or I2C data - requires pull-up resistor DIOD n/a 3 5 SMCLK SMCLK - SMBus or I2C clock input - requires pull-up resistor DI n/a 4 7 VDD Positive Power supply Power n/a 5 6 N/C Not internally connected n/a Connect to Ground 6 - N/C Not internally connected n/a Connect to Ground 7 8 GND Ground Power n/a 8 - GND Ground Power n/a 9 9 CS8 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 8 AIO Connect to Ground 10 10 CS7 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 7 AIO Connect to Ground 1 2 3 4 12 11 10 9 16 15 14 13 5 6 7 8 VDD SMCLK SMDATA CS7 GND CS5 / SG CS6 CS1 CS2 CS4 CS8 CS3 GND N/C N/C Exposed pad ALERT# CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 6  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPLICATION NOTE: All digital pins are 5V tolerant pins. The pin types are described in Table 1-2, "Pin Types". 11 11 CS6 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 6 AIO Connect to Ground 12 12 CS5 / SG CS5 - Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 5 AIO Connect to Ground SG - Signal Guard Output AIO Leave Open 13 13 CS4 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 4 AIO Connect to Ground 14 14 CS3 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 3 AIO Connect to Ground 15 1 CS2 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 2 AIO Connect to Ground 16 2 CS1 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 1 AIO Connect to Ground Bottom pad - Exposed pad Not internally connected, but recommend grounding - - TABLE 1-2: PIN TYPES Pin Type Description Power This pin is used to supply power or ground to the device. DI Digital Input - This pin is used as a digital input. This pin is 5V tolerant. AIO Analog Input / Output - This pin is used as an I/O for analog signals. DIOD Digital Input / Open Drain Output - This pin is used as a digital I/O. When it is used as an output, it is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. OD Open Drain Digital Output - This pin is used as a digital output. It is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. TABLE 1-1: PIN DESCRIPTION FOR CAP1298 (CONTINUED) QFN Pin # SOIC Pin # Pin Name Pin Function Pin Type Unused Connection  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 7 CAP1298 2.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Note 2-1 Stresses above those listed could cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any other condition above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Note 2-2 For the 5V tolerant pins that have a pull-up resistor, the voltage difference between V5VT_PIN and VDD must never exceed 3.6V. Note 2-3 The Package Power Dissipation specification assumes a recommended thermal via design consisting of a 2x2 matrix of 0.3mm (12mil) vias at 1.0mm pitch connected to the ground plane with a 1.6 x 1.6mm thermal landing. Note 2-4 Junction to Ambient (JA) is dependent on the design of the thermal vias. Without thermal vias and a thermal landing, the JA will be higher. TABLE 2-1: ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltage on VDD pin -0.3 to 6.5 V Voltage on CS pins to GND -0.3 to 4.0 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (V5VT_PIN) -0.3 to 5.5 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (|V5VT_PIN - VDD|) (see Note 2-2) 0 to 3.6 V Input current to any pin except VDD +10 mA Output short circuit current Continuous N/A Package Power Dissipation up to TA = 85°C for 16-pin QFN (see Note 2-3) 0.5 W Junction to Ambient (JA) (see Note 2-4) 70 °C/W Operating Ambient Temperature Range -40 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Range -55 to 150 °C ESD Rating, All Pins, HBM 8000 V CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 8  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 2-1: ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions DC Power Supply Voltage VDD 3.0 5.5 V Supply Current ISTBY_DEF 120 170 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored Default conditions (8 avg, 70ms cycle time) ISTBY_LP 50 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored 1 avg, 140ms cycle time IDSLEEP_3V 5 TBD µA Deep Sleep state active No communications TA < 40°C 3.135 < VDD < 3.465V IDD 500 750 µA Capacitive Sensing Active signal guard disabled Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs Maximum Base Capacitance CBASE 50 pF Pad untouched Minimum Detectable Capacitive Shift CTOUCH 20 fF Pad touched - default conditions Recommended Cap Shift CTOUCH 0.1 2 pF Pad touched - Not tested Power Supply Rejection PSR ±3 ±10 counts / V Untouched Current Counts Base Capacitance 5pF - 50pF Negative Delta Counts disabled Maximum sensitivity All other parameters default Power-On and Brown-out Reset (see Section 4.2, "Reset") Power-On Reset Voltage VPOR 1 1.3 V Pin States Defined Power-On Reset Release Voltage VPORR 2.85 V Rising VDD Ensured by design Brown-Out Reset VBOR 2.8 V Falling VDD VDD Rise Rate (ensures internal POR signal) SVDD 0.05 V/ms 0 to 3V in 60ms Power-Up Timer Period tPWRT 10 ms Brown-Out Reset Voltage Delay tBORDC 1 µs VDD = VBOR - 1  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 9 CAP1298 Timing Time to Communications Ready tCOMM_DLY 15 ms Time to First Conversion Ready tCONV_DLY 170 200 ms I/O Pins Output Low Voltage VOL 0.4 V ISINK_IO = 8mA Output High Voltage VOH VDD - 0.4 V ISOURCE_IO = 8mA Input High Voltage VIH 2.0 V Input Low Voltage VIL 0.8 V Leakage Current ILEAK ±5 µA powered or unpowered TA < 85°C pull-up voltage < 3.6V if unpowered SG Pin Capacitive Drive Capability CBASE_SG 20 200 pF capacitance to ground SMBus Timing Input Capacitance CIN 5 pF Clock Frequency fSMB 10 400 kHz Spike Suppression tSP 50 ns Bus Free Time Stop to Start tBUF 1.3 µs Start Setup Time tSU:STA 0.6 µs Start Hold Time tHD:STA 0.6 µs Stop Setup Time tSU:STO 0.6 µs Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 µs When transmitting to the master Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0.3 µs When receiving from the master Data Setup Time tSU:DAT 0.6 µs Clock Low Period tLOW 1.3 µs Clock High Period tHIGH 0.6 µs Clock / Data Fall Time tFALL 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns TABLE 2-1: ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 10  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Clock / Data Rise Time tRISE 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns Capacitive Load CLOAD 400 pF per bus line TABLE 2-1: ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 11 CAP1298 3.0 COMMUNICATIONS 3.1 Communications The CAP1298 communicates using the SMBus or I2C protocol. 3.2 System Management Bus The CAP1298 communicates with a host controller, such as an MCHP SIO, through the SMBus. The SMBus is a twowire serial communication protocol between a computer host and its peripheral devices. A detailed timing diagram is shown in Figure 3-1. Stretching of the SMCLK signal is supported; however, the CAP1298 will not stretch the clock signal. 3.2.1 SMBUS START BIT The SMBus Start bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘1’ state to a logic ‘0’ state while the SMBus Clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. 3.2.2 SMBUS ADDRESS AND RD / WR BIT The SMBus Address Byte consists of the 7-bit client address followed by the RD / WR indicator bit. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘0’, then the SMBus Host is writing data to the client device. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘1’, then the SMBus Host is reading data from the client device. 3.2.3 The CAP1298responds to SMBus address 0101_000(r/w). SMBUS DATA BYTES All SMBus Data bytes are sent most significant bit first and composed of 8-bits of information. 3.2.4 SMBUS ACK AND NACK BITS The SMBus client will acknowledge all data bytes that it receives. This is done by the client device pulling the SMBus Data line low after the 8th bit of each byte that is transmitted. This applies to both the Write Byte and Block Write protocols. The Host will NACK (not acknowledge) the last data byte to be received from the client by holding the SMBus data line high after the 8th data bit has been sent. For the Block Read protocol, the Host will ACK each data byte that it receives except the last data byte. 3.2.5 SMBUS STOP BIT The SMBus Stop bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘0’ state to a logic ‘1’ state while the SMBus clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. When the CAP1298 detects an SMBus Stop bit and it has been communicating with the SMBus protocol, it will reset its client interface and prepare to receive further communications. FIGURE 3-1: SMBUS TIMING DIAGRAM SMDATA SMCLK TBUF P S S - Start Condition P - Stop Condition S P T LOW T HIGH T HD:STA T SU:STO T HD:STA T HD:DAT T SU:DAT T SU:STA T FALL T RISE CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 12  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.2.6 SMBUS TIMEOUT The CAP1298 includes an SMBus timeout feature. Following a 30ms period of inactivity on the SMBus where the SMCLK pin is held low, the device will timeout and reset the SMBus interface. The timeout function defaults to disabled. It can be enabled by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 3.2.7 SMBUS AND I2C COMPATIBILITY The major differences between SMBus and I2C devices are highlighted here. For more information, refer to the SMBus 2.0 specification. 1. CAP1298supports I2C fast mode at 400kHz. This covers the SMBus max time of 100kHz. 2. Minimum frequency for SMBus communications is 10kHz. 3. The SMBus client protocol will reset if the clock is held low longer than 30ms (timeout condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1298 by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have a timeout. 4. The SMBus client protocol will reset if both the clock and the data line are high for longer than 200us (idle condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1298by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have an idle condition. 5. I2C devices do not support the Alert Response Address functionality (which is optional for SMBus). 6. I2C devices support block read and write differently. I2C protocol allows for unlimited number of bytes to be sent in either direction. The SMBus protocol requires that an additional data byte indicating number of bytes to read / write is transmitted. The CAP1298 supports I2C formatting only. 3.3 SMBus Protocols The CAP1298 is SMBus 2.0 compatible and supports Write Byte, Read Byte, Send Byte, and Receive Byte as valid protocols as shown below. All of the below protocols use the convention in Table 3-1. 3.3.1 SMBUS WRITE BYTE The Write Byte is used to write one byte of data to a specific register as shown in Table 3-2. 3.3.2 SMBUS READ BYTE The Read Byte protocol is used to read one byte of data from the registers as shown in Table 3-3. TABLE 3-1: PROTOCOL FORMAT Data Sent to Device Data Sent to the HOst Data sent Data sent TABLE 3-2: WRITE BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Register Data ACK Stop 1 ->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 13 CAP1298 3.3.3 SMBUS SEND BYTE The Send Byte protocol is used to set the internal address register pointer to the correct address location. No data is transferred during the Send Byte protocol as shown in Table 3-4. APPLICATION NOTE: The Send Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). 3.3.4 SMBUS RECEIVE BYTE The Receive Byte protocol is used to read data from a register when the internal register address pointer is known to be at the right location (e.g. set via Send Byte). This is used for consecutive reads of the same register as shown in Table 3-5. APPLICATION NOTE: The Receive Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). 3.4 I2C Protocols The CAP1298 supports I2C Block Read and Block Write. The protocols listed below use the convention in Table 3-1. 3.4.1 BLOCK READ The Block Read is used to read multiple data bytes from a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3-6. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Read protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. TABLE 3-3: READ BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Start Client Address RD ACK Register Data NACK Stop 1->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-4: SEND BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Stop 1 -> 0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-5: RECEIVE BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address RD ACK Register Data NACK Stop 1 -> 0 0101_000 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-6: BLOCK READ PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Start Slave Address RD ACK Register Data 1->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 1 0 XXh ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK . . . REGISTER DATA NACK STOP CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 14  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.4.2 BLOCK WRITE The Block Write is used to write multiple data bytes to a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3-7. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Write protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-7: BLOCK WRITE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Register Data ACK 1 ->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 Register Data ACK Register Data ACK . . . Register Data ACK Stop XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 0 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-6: BLOCK READ PROTOCOL  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 15 CAP1298 4.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The CAP1298 is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor. It contains eight (8) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. In addition, the CAP1298 can be configured to detect proximity on one or more channels with an optional signal guard to reduce noise sensitivity. The CAP1298includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1298 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. The Combo state allows a combination of sensor input controls to be used which enables one or more sensor inputs to operate as buttons while another sensor input is operating as a proximity detector. Power consumption in the Standby and Combo states is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. The device communicates with a host controller using SMBus / I2C. The host controller may poll the device for updated information at any time or it may configure the device to flag an interrupt whenever a touch is detected on any sensor pad. A typical system diagram is shown in Figure 4-1. FIGURE 4-1: SYSTEM DIAGRAM FOR CAP1298 CAP1298 CS7 SMDATA SMCLK Embedded Controller ALERT# CS8 CS3 CS2 CS1 CS4 CS6 Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button SG* Proximity Sensor GND VDD 3.0V to 5.5V * CS5 / SG is a multi-function pin. If not using the signal guard shown here, CS5 can be another touch button. 10kOhm resistors 3.0V to 5.5V 0.1uF 1.0uF CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 16  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.1 Power States The CAP1298 has 4 power states depending on the status of the STBY, COMBO, and DSLEEP bits. When the device transitions between power states, previously detected touches (for channels that are being de-activated) are cleared and the sensor input status bits are reset. 1. Active - The normal mode of operation. The device is monitoring capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. 2. Standby - When the STBY bit is set, the device is monitoring the capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. Interrupts can still be generated based on the enabled channels. The device will still respond to communications normally and can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the STBY bit. Power consumption in this state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. 3. Combo - When the COMBO bit is set, the device is monitoring capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Active state as well as inputs enabled in the Standby state (hence the name “Combo”). Interrupts can still be generated based on the enabled channels. The device will still respond to communications normally and can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the COMBO bit. Power consumption in this state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. 4. Deep Sleep - When the DSLEEP bit is set, the device is in its lowest power state. It is not monitoring any capacitive sensor inputs. While in Deep Sleep, the CAP1298 can be awakened by SMBus communications targeting the device. This will not cause the DSLEEP to be cleared so the device will return to Deep Sleep once all communications have stopped. The device can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the DSLEEP bit. 4.2 Reset The Power-On Reset (POR) circuit holds the device in reset until VDD has reached an acceptable level, Power-on Reset Release Voltage (VPORR), for minimum operation. The power-up timer (PWRT) is used to extend the start-up period until all device operation conditions have been met. The power-up timer starts after VDD reaches VPORR. POR and PORR with slow rising VDD is shown in Figure 4-2. The Brown-Out Reset (BOR) circuit holds the device in reset when VDD falls to a minimum level, VBOR for longer than the BOR reset delay (tBORDC). After a BOR, when VDD rises above VPORR, the power-up timer is started again and must finish before reset is released, as shown in Figure 4-2. 4.3 Capacitive Touch Sensing The CAP1298 contains eight (8) independent capacitive touch sensor inputs. Each sensor input has dynamic range to detect a change of capacitance due to a touch. Additionally, each sensor input can be configured to be automatically and routinely recalibrated. 4.3.1 CAPACITIVE TOUCH SENSING SETTINGS Controls for managing capacitive touch sensor inputs are determined by the power state. FIGURE 4-2: POR AND PORR WITH SLOW RISING VDD AND BOR WITH FALLING VDD VDD VBOR TPWRT GND Undefined SYSRST VPOR VPORR TBORDC TPWRT  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 17 CAP1298 4.3.1.1 Active State Sensing Settings The Active state is used for normal operation. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Sensor Input Enable Register(see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Sensitivity Control Register (see Section 5.5, "Sensitivity Control Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register"). Each channel can have a separate touch detection threshold, as defined in the Sensor Input Threshold registers (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers"). 4.3.1.2 Standby State Sensing Settings The Standby state is used for standby operation. In general, fewer sensor inputs are enabled, and they are programmed to have more sensitivity. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Standby Channel Register (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Standby Sensitivity Register (see Section 5.23, "Standby Sensitivity Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.22, "Standby Configuration Register"). There is one touch detection threshold, which applies to all sensors enabled in Standby, as defined in the Standby Threshold Register (see Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register"). 4.3.1.3 Combo State Sensing Settings The Combo state is used when a combination of proximity detection and normal button operation is required. When the COMBO bit is set, the sensing cycle includes sensor inputs enabled in the Active state as well as sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. Sensor inputs enabled in the Active state will use the Active settings described in Section 4.3.1.1, "Active State Sensing Settings". Sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state will use the Standby settings described in Section 4.3.1.2, "Standby State Sensing Settings". If a sensor input is enabled in both the Active state and in the Standby state, the Active state settings will be used in Combo state. The programmed cycle time is determined by STBY_CY_- TIME[1:0]. The Combo state also has two gain settings. When the COMBO bit is set, the GAIN[1:0] control only applies to the sensors enabled in the Active state, and the C_GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state. 4.3.2 SENSING CYCLE Except when in Deep Sleep, the device automatically initiates a sensing cycle and repeats the cycle every time it finishes. The cycle polls through each enabled sensor input starting with CS1 and extending through CS8. As each capacitive touch sensor input is polled, its measurement is compared against a baseline “not touched” measurement. If the delta measurement is large enough to exceed the applicable threshold, a touch is detected and an interrupt can be generated (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The sensing cycle time is programmable (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register" and Section 5.22, "Standby Configuration Register"). If all enabled inputs can be sampled in less than the cycle time, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. If the number of active sensor inputs cannot be sampled within the specified cycle time, the cycle time is extended and the device is not placed in a lower power state. 4.4 Sensor Input Calibration Calibration sets the Base Count Registers(Section 5.25, "Sensor Input Base Count Registers") which contain the “not touched” values used for touch detection comparisons. Calibration automatically occurs after a power-on reset (POR), when sample time is changed, when the gain is changed, when the calibration sensitivity is changed, and whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (for example, when transitioning from a power state in which it was disabled to a power state in which it is enabled). During calibration, the analog sensing circuits are tuned to the capacitance of the untouched pad. Then, samples are taken from each sensor input so that a base count can be established. After calibration, the untouched delta counts are zero. APPLICATION NOTE: During the calibration routine, the sensor inputs will not detect a press for up to 200ms and the Sensor Base Count Register values will be invalid. In addition, any press on the corresponding sensor pads will invalidate the calibration. The host controller can force a calibration for selected sensor inputs at any time using the Calibration Activate and Status RegisterSection 5.10.1, "Calibration Activate and Status Register". When a bit is set, the corresponding capacitive touch sensor input will be calibrated (both analog and digital). The bit is automatically cleared once the calibration routine has successfully finished. CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 18  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. If analog calibration fails for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is not cleared in the Calibration Activate and Status Register, and the ACAL_FAIL bit is set in the General Status Register(Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. Analog calibration will fail if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. If digital calibration fails to generate base counts for a sensor input in the operating range, which is +12.5% from the ideal base count (see TABLE 4-1:), indicating the base capacitance is out of range, the corresponding BC_OUTx bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register(Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), and the BC_OUT bit is set in the General Status Register (Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. By default, when a base count is out of limit, analog calibration is repeated for the sensor input; alternatively, the sensor input can be sampled using the out of limit base count(Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Calibration sensitivity can be adjusted for each sensor input based on capacitive touch pad capacitance. During normal operation there are various options for recalibrating the capacitive touch sensor inputs. Recalibration is a digital adjustment of the base counts so that the untouched delta count is zero. After a recalibration, if a sensor input’s base count has shifted +12.5% from the ideal base count, a full calibration will be performed on the sensor input. 4.4.1 AUTOMATIC RECALIBRATION Each sensor input is regularly recalibrated at a programmable rate(see CAL_CFG[2:0] in Section 5.18, "Recalibration Configuration Register"). By default, the recalibration routine stores the average 64 previous measurements and periodically updates the base “not touched” setting for the capacitive touch sensor input. APPLICATION NOTE: Automatic recalibration only works when the delta count is below the active sensor input threshold. It is disabled when a touch is detected. 4.4.2 NEGATIVE DELTA COUNT RECALIBRATION It is possible that the device loses sensitivity to a touch. This may happen as a result of a noisy environment, recalibration when the pad is touched but delta counts do not exceed the threshold, or other environmental changes. When this occurs, the base untouched sensor input may generate negative delta count values. The NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] bits(see Section 5.18, "Recalibration Configuration Register") can be set to force a recalibration after a specified number of consecutive negative delta readings. After a delayed recalibration (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration") the negative delta count recalibration can correct after the touch is released. APPLICATION NOTE: During this recalibration, the device will not respond to touches. 4.4.3 DELAYED RECALIBRATION It is possible that a “stuck button” occurs when something is placed on a button which causes a touch to be detected for a long period. By setting the MAX_DUR_EN bit(see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"), a recalibration can be forced when a touch is held on a button for longer than the duration specified in the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register"). Note 4-1 Delayed recalibration only works when the delta count is above the active sensor input threshold. If enabled, it is invoked when a sensor pad touch is held longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings. Note 4-2 For the power button, which requires that the button be held longer than a regular button, the time specified by the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits is added to the time required to trigger the qualifying event. This will prevent the power button from being recalibrated during the time it is supposed to be held. TABLE 4-1: IDEAL BASE COUNTS Ideal Base Count Sample Time 3,200 320us 6,400 640us 12,800 1.28ms 25,600 2.56ms  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 19 CAP1298 4.5 Proximity Detection Each sensor input can be configured to detect changes in capacitance due to proximity of a touch. This circuitry detects the change of capacitance that is generated as an object approaches, but does not physically touch, the enabled sensor pad(s). Generally, sensor inputs used to detect proximity have physically larger pads than standard buttons. In addition, gain should be increased to increase sensitivity. To improve the signal, the signal guard feature may be used. 4.5.1 SIGNAL GUARD The signal guard isolates the signal from virtual grounds, as shown in Figure 4-3. It can be used to isolate the proximity antenna from nearby conductive surfaces that would otherwise attenuate the e-field. 4.6 Power Button The CAP1298 has a “power button” feature. In general, buttons are set for quick response to a touch, especially when buttons are used for number keypads. However, there are cases where a quick response is not desired, such as when accidentally brushing the power button causes a device to turn off or on unexpectedly. The power button feature allows a sensor input to be designated as the “power button” (see Section 5.26, "Power Button Register"). The power button is configured so that a touch must be held on the button for a designated period of time before an interrupt is generated; different times can be selected for the Standby and the Active states (see Section 5.27, "Power Button Configuration Register"). The feature can also be enabled / disabled for both states separately. APPLICATION NOTE: For the power button feature to work in the Standby and/or Active states, the sensor input must be enabled in the applicable state. If the power button feature is enabled for both Standby and Active and the COMBO bit is set, the Standby power button settings will be used. After the designated power button has been held for the designated time, an interrupt is generated and the PWR bit is set in the General Status Register (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.7 Multiple Touch Pattern Detection The multiple touch pattern (MTP) detection circuitry can be used to detect lid closure or other similar events. An event can be flagged based on either a minimum number of sensor inputs or on specific sensor inputs simultaneously exceeding an MTP threshold or having their Noise Flag Status Register bits set. An interrupt can also be generated. During an MTP event, all touches are blocked (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). FIGURE 4-3: SIGNAL GUARD CAP129X Device CS pin SIGNAL_GUARD CS pin Touch Pad Touch Pad CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 20  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.8 Noise Controls 4.8.1 LOW FREQUENCY NOISE DETECTION Each sensor input has a low frequency noise detector that will sense if low frequency noise is injected onto the input with sufficient power to corrupt the readings. By default, if this occurs, the device will reject the corrupted samplesee DIS_ANA_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") and the corresponding bit is set to a logic ‘1’ in the Noise Flag Status register (see SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.8.2 RF NOISE DETECTION Each sensor input contains an integrated RF noise detector. This block will detect injected RF noise on the CS pin. The detector threshold is dependent upon the noise frequency. By default, if RF noise is detected on a CS line, that sample is removed and not compared against the threshold (see DIS_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.8.3 NOISE STATUS AND CONFIGURATION The Noise Flag Status (see Section 5.3, "Noise Flag Status Registers") bits can be used to indicate RF and/or other noise. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in the Configuration Register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers") is set to 0, the Noise Flag Status bit for the capacitive sensor input is set if any analog noise is detected. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit is set to 1, the Noise Flag Status bits will only be set if RF noise is detected. The CAP1208 offers optional noise filtering controls for both analog and digital noise. For analog noise, there are options for whether the data should be considered invalid. By default, the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") will block a touch on a sensor input if low frequency analog noise is detected; the sample is discarded. By default, the DIS_RF_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h") will block a touch on a sensor input if RF noise is detected; the sample is discarded. For digital noise, sensor input noise thresholds can be set (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register"). If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Noise Threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold (Sensor Threshold (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") in the Active state or Sensor Standby Threshold in the Standby state (Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register")), it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. The DIS_DIG_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") can be set to discard samples that indicate a noise spike so they are not used in the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). 4.9 Interrupts Interrupts are indicated by the setting of the INT bit in the Main Control Register(see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register") and by assertion of the ALERT# pin. The ALERT# pin is cleared when the INT bit is cleared by the user. When the INT bit is cleared by the user, status bits may be cleared (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.9.1 ALERT# PIN The ALERT# pin is an active low output that is driven when an interrupt event is detected. 4.9.2 CAPACITIVE SENSOR INPUT INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR Each sensor input can be programmed to enable / disable interrupts(see Section 5.11, "Interrupt Enable Register"). When enabled for a sensor input and the sensor input is not the designated power button, interrupts are generated in one of two ways: 1. An interrupt is generated when a touch is detected and, as a user selectable option, when a release is detected (by default - see INT_REL_n in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). See FIGURE 4-5:. 2. If the repeat rate is enabled then, so long as the touch is held, another interrupt will be generated based on the programmed repeat rate (see FIGURE 4-4:). When the repeat rate is enabled for a sensor input (see Section 5.12, "Repeat Rate Enable Register"), the device uses an additional control called MPRESS that determines whether a touch is flagged as a simple “touch” or a “press and hold” (see Section 5.9, "Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register"). The MPRESS[3:0] bits set a minimum press timer. When the button is touched, the timer begins. If the sensor pad is released before the minimum press timer expires, it is flagged as a touch and an interrupt (if enabled) is generated upon release. If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than this timer value, it is flagged as a “press and hold” event. So long as the touch is held, interrupts will be generated at the programmed repeat rate (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register") and upon release (if enabled).  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 21 CAP1298 If a sensor input is the designated power button, an interrupt is not generated as soon as a touch is detected and repeat rate is not applicable. See Section 4.9.3, "Interrupts for the Power Button". APPLICATION NOTE: FIGURE 4-4: and FIGURE 4-5: show default operation which is to generate an interrupt upon sensor pad release. APPLICATION NOTE: The host may need to poll the device twice to determine that a release has been detected. 4.9.3 INTERRUPTS FOR THE POWER BUTTON Interrupts are automatically enabled for the power button when the feature is enabled (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). A touch must be held on the power button for the designated period of time before an interrupt is generated. FIGURE 4-4: SENSOR INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR - REPEAT RATE ENABLED FIGURE 4-5: SENSOR INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR - NO REPEAT RATE ENABLED Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Min Press Setting (280ms) Interrupt on Touch Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Interrupt on Touch Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 22  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.9.4 INTERRUPTS FOR MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN DETECTION An interrupt can be generated when the MTP pattern is matched (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). 4.9.5 INTERRUPTS FOR SENSOR INPUT CALIBRATION FAILURES An interrupt can be generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set, indicating the failure to complete analog calibration of one or more sensor inputs(see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the ACAL_- FAIL_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). An interrupt can be generated when the BC_OUT bit is set, indicating the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs(see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the BC_OUT_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 4.9.6 INTERRUPTS FOR RESET When the CAP1298 comes out of reset, an interrupt is generated, and the RESET bit is set.  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 23 CAP1298 5.0 REGISTER DESCRIPTION The registers shown in Table 5-1 are accessible through the communications protocol. An entry of ‘-’ indicates that the bit is not used and will always read ‘0’. TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page 00h R/W Main Control Controls power states and indicates an interrupt 00h Page 26 02h R/W General Status Stores general status bits 00h Page 28 03h R Sensor Input Status Returns the state of the sampled capacitive touch sensor inputs 00h Page 28 0Ah R Noise Flag Status Stores the noise flags for sensor inputs 00h Page 29 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS1 00h Page 30 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS2 00h Page 30 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS3 00h Page 30 13h R Sensor Input 4 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS4 00h Page 30 14h R Sensor Input 5 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS5 00h Page 30 15h R Sensor Input 6 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS6 00h Page 30 16h R Sensor Input 7 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS7 00h Page 30 17h R Sensor Input 8 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS8 00h Page 30 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control Controls the sensitivity of the threshold and delta counts and data scaling of the base counts 2Fh Page 30 20h R/W Configuration Controls general functionality 20h Page 32 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable Controls which sensor inputs are monitored in Active FFh Page 33 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration Controls max duration and autorepeat delay A4h Page 34 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 Controls the MPRESS (“press and hold”) setting 07h Page 35 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config Controls averaging and sampling window for Active 39h Page 36 CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 24  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status Forces calibration for capacitive touch sensor inputs and indicates calibration failure 00h Page 38 27h R/W Interrupt Enable Determines which capacitive sensor inputs can generate interrupts FFh Page 39 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable Enables repeat rate for specific sensor inputs FFh Page 39 29h R/W Signal Guard Enable Enables the signal guard for specific sensor inputs 00h Page 40 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Configuration Determines the number of simultaneous touches to flag a multiple touch condition 80h Page 40 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Determines the multiple touch pattern (MTP) configuration 00h Page 41 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Determines the pattern or number of sensor inputs used by the MTP circuitry FFh Page 42 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit Indicates whether sensor inputs have a base count out of limit 00h Page 43 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration Determines recalibration timing and sampling window 8Ah Page 43 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS1 40h Page 45 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS2 40h Page 45 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS3 40h Page 45 33h R/W Sensor Input 4 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS4 40h Page 45 34h R/W Sensor Input 5 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS5 40h Page 45 35h R/W Sensor Input 6 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS6 40h Page 45 36h R/W Sensor Input 7 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS7 40h Page 45 37h R/W Sensor Input 8 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS8 40h 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold Stores controls for selecting the noise threshold for all sensor inputs 01h Page 45 Standby Configuration Registers 40h R/W Standby Channel Controls which sensor inputs are enabled for Standby 00h Page 46 TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 25 CAP1298 41h R/W Standby Configuration Controls averaging and sensing cycle time for Standby 39h Page 46 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity Controls sensitivity settings used for Standby 02h Page 48 43h R/W Standby Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Standby 40h Page 49 44h R/W Configuration 2 Stores additional configuration controls for the device 40h Page 32 Base Count Registers 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 1 C8h Page 49 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 2 C8h Page 49 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 3 C8h Page 49 53h R Sensor Input 4 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 4 C8h Page 49 54h R Sensor Input 5 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 5 C8h Page 49 55h R Sensor Input 6 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 6 C8h Page 49 56h R Sensor Input 7 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 7 C8h Page 49 57h R Sensor Input 8 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 8 C8h Page 49 Power Button Registers 60h R/W Power Button Specifies the power button 00h Page 50 61h R/W Power Button Configuration Configures the power button feature 22h Page 50 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Registers 80h R/W Calibration Sensitivity Configuration 1 Stores calibration sensitivity settings for proximity 00h Page 52 81h R/W Calibration Sensitivity Configuration 2 Stores calibration sensitivity settings for proximity 00h Page 52 Calibration Registers B1h R Sensor Input 1 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS1 00h Page 51 B2h R Sensor Input 2 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS2 00h Page 51 TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 26  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. During power-on reset (POR), the default values are stored in the registers. A POR is initiated when power is first applied to the part and the voltage on the VDD supply surpasses the POR level as specified in the electrical characteristics. When a bit is “set”, this means it’s at a logic ‘1’. When a bit is “cleared”, this means it’s at a logic ‘0’. 5.1 Main Control Register The Main Control register controls the primary power state of the device (see Section 4.1, "Power States"). B3h R Sensor Input 3 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS3 00h Page 51 B4h R Sensor Input 4 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS4 00h Page 51 B5h R Sensor Input 5 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS5 00h Page 51 B6h R Sensor Input 6 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS6 00h Page 51 B7h R Sensor Input 7 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS7 00h Page 51 B8h R Sensor Input 8 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS8 00h Page 51 B9h R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS1 - CS4 00h Page 51 BAh R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 2 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS5 - CS8 00h Page 51 ID Registers FDh R Product ID Stores a fixed value that identifies the CAP1298 71h Page 52 FEh R Manufacturer ID Stores a fixed value that identifies MCHP 5Dh Page 53 FFh R Revision Stores a fixed value that represents the revision number 00h Page 53 TABLE 5-2: MAIN CONTROL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 00h R/W Main Control GAIN[1:0] STBY DSLEEP C_GAIN[1:0] COMBO INT 00h TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 27 CAP1298 If more than one power state bit is set, the actual power state will be as shown in Table 5-3, "Power State Bit Overrides". Bits 7 - 6 - GAIN[1:0] - Controls the analog gain used by the capacitive touch sensing circuitry. As the gain is increased, the effective sensitivity is likewise increased as a smaller delta capacitance is required to generate the same delta count values. The sensitivity settings may need to be adjusted along with the gain settings such that data overflow does not occur. APPLICATION NOTE: The GAIN[1:0] settings apply to both Standby and Active states, unless the COMBO bit is set. When the COMBO bit is set, this control only applies to the sensors enabled in the Active state, and the C_GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state. APPLICATION NOTE: Whenever the gain settings change, the device will recalibrate all sensor inputs as if they had no base count. Bit 5 - STBY - Enables Standby. • ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Standby state. • ‘1’ - The device is in the Standby state. Capacitive touch sensor input scanning is limited to the sensor inputs set in the Standby Channel register (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). The status registers will not be cleared until read. Sensor inputs that are no longer sampled will flag a release and then remain in a non-touched state. Bit 4 - DSLEEP - Enables Deep Sleep. • ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Deep Sleep state. • ‘1’ - The device is in the Deep Sleep state. All sensor input scanning is disabled. The status registers are automatically cleared and the INT bit is cleared.. Bits 3 - 2 - C_GAIN[1:0] - When the COMBO bit is set, this bit controls the analog gain used for capacitive touch sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. As the gain is increased, the effective sensitivity is likewise increased as a smaller delta capacitance is required to generate the same delta count values. The Standby sensitivity settings may need to be adjusted along with the gain settings such that data overflow does not occur. TABLE 5-3: POWER STATE BIT OVERRIDES DSLEEP COMBO STBY Power State 0 0 0 Active 0 0 1 Standby 0 1 X Combo 1 X X DSleep TABLE 5-4: GAIN AND C_GAIN BIT DECODE GAIN[1:0] or C_GAIN[1:0] Capacitive Touch Sensor Input Gain 1 0 00 1 01 2 10 4 11 8 CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 28  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPLICATION NOTE: The C_GAIN[1:0] setting is only used if the COMBO bit is set. When the COMBO bit is set, this control only applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state, and the GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Active state. Bit 1 - COMBO - Enables Combo state (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings"). • ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Combo state. • ‘1’ - The device is in the Combo state. The device is monitoring sensor inputs enabled in the Active state (see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register") as well as those enabled in the Standby state (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). The status registers will not be cleared until read. Sensor inputs that are no longer sampled will flag a release and then remain in a non-touched state. Bit 0 - INT - Indicates that there is an interrupt (see Section 4.9, "Interrupts"). When this bit is set, it asserts the ALERT# pin. If a channel detects a touch but interrupts are not enabled for that channel (see Section 5.11, "Interrupt Enable Register"), no action is taken. This bit is cleared by writing a logic ‘0’ to it. When this bit is cleared, the ALERT# pin will be deasserted, and all status registers will be cleared if the condition has been removed. • ‘0’ - No interrupt pending. • ‘1’ - An interrupt condition occurred, and the ALERT# pin has been asserted. 5.2 Status Registers All status bits are cleared when the device enters Deep Sleep (DSLEEP = ‘1’ - see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register"). 5.2.1 GENERAL STATUS - 02H Bit 6 - BC_OUT - Indicates that the base count is out of limit for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have base counts within the limit. • ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs have base counts in the operating range. • ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs has the base count out of limit. A status bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). Bit 5 - ACAL_FAIL - Indicates analog calibration failure for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have successfully completed analog calibration. • ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs were successfully calibrated. • ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs failed analog calibration. A status bit is set in the Calibration Active Register (see Section 5.10.1, "Calibration Activate and Status Register"). Bit 4 - PWR - Indicates that the designated power button has been held for the designated time (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if there is no longer a touch on the power button. • ‘0’ - The power button has not been held for the required time or is not enabled. • ‘1’ - The power button has been held for the required time. Bit 3 - RESET - Indicates that the device has come out of reset. This bit is set when the device exits a POR state. This bit will cause the INT bit to be set and is cleared when the INT bit is cleared. Bit 2 - MULT - Indicates that the device is blocking detected touches due to the Multiple Touch detection circuitry (see Section 5.14, "Multiple Touch Configuration Register"). This bit will not cause the INT bit to be set and hence will not cause an interrupt. TABLE 5-5: STATUS REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 02h R General Status - BC_ OUT ACAL _FAIL PWR RESET MULT MTP TOUCH 00h 03h R Sensor Input Status CS8 CS7 CS6 CS5 CS4 CS3 CS2 CS1 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 29 CAP1298 Bit 1 - MTP - Indicates that the device has detected a number of sensor inputs that exceed the MTP threshold either via the pattern recognition or via the number of sensor inputs (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set if the MTP_ALERT bit is also set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if the condition that caused it to be set has been removed. Bit 0 - TOUCH - Indicates that a touch was detected. This bit is set if any bit in the Sensor Input Status register is set. 5.2.2 SENSOR INPUT STATUS - 03H The Sensor Input Status Register stores status bits that indicate a touch has been detected. A value of ‘0’ in any bit indicates that no touch has been detected. A value of ‘1’ in any bit indicates that a touch has been detected. All bits are cleared when the INT bit is cleared and if a touch on the respective capacitive touch sensor input is no longer present. If a touch is still detected, the bits will not be cleared (but this will not cause the interrupt to be asserted). Bit 7 - CS8 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 8. Bit 6 - CS7 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 7. Bit 5 - CS6 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 6. Bit 4 - CS5 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 5. Bit 3 - CS4 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 4. Bit 2 - CS3 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 3. Bit 1 - CS2 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 2. Bit 0 - CS1 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 1. 5.3 Noise Flag Status Registers The Noise Flag Status registers store status bits that can be used to indicate that the analog block detected noise above the operating region of the analog detector or the RF noise detector (see Section 4.8.3, "Noise Status and Configuration"). These bits indicate that the most recently received data from the sensor input is invalid and should not be used for touch detection. So long as the bit is set for a particular channel, the delta count value is reset to 00h and thus no touch is detected. These bits are not sticky and will be cleared automatically if the analog block does not report a noise error. APPLICATION NOTE: If the MTP detection circuitry is enabled, these bits count as sensor inputs above the MTP threshold (see Section 4.7, "Multiple Touch Pattern Detection") even if the corresponding delta count is not. If the corresponding delta count also exceeds the MTP threshold, it is not counted twice. APPLICATION NOTE: Regardless of the state of the Noise Status bits, if low frequency noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit is set. As well, if RF noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_RF_NOISE bit is set. TABLE 5-6: NOISE FLAG STATUS REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 0Ah R Noise Flag Status CS8_ NOISE CS7_ NOISE CS6_ NOISE CS5_ NOISE CS4_ NOISE CS3_ NOISE CS2_ NOISE CS1_ NOISE 00h CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 30  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.4 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers The Sensor Input Delta Count registers store the delta count that is compared against the threshold used to determine if a touch has been detected. The count value represents a change in input due to the capacitance associated with a touch on one of the sensor inputs and is referenced to a calibrated base “not touched” count value. The delta is an instantaneous change and is updated once per sensor input per sensing cycle (see Section 4.3.2, "Sensing Cycle"). The value presented is a standard 2’s complement number. In addition, the value is capped at a value of 7Fh. A reading of 7Fh indicates that the sensitivity settings are too high and should be adjusted accordingly (see Section 5.5). The value is also capped at a negative value of 80h for negative delta counts which may result upon a release. 5.5 Sensitivity Control Register The Sensitivity Control register controls the sensitivity of a touch detection. Bits 6-4 DELTA_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity of a touch detection for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches with higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitive settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a C of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely, a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these TABLE 5-7: SENSOR INPUT DELTA COUNT REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 13h R Sensor Input 4 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 14h R Sensor Input 5 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 15h R Sensor Input 6 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 16h R Sensor Input 7 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 17h R Sensor Input 8 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h TABLE 5-8: SENSITIVITY CONTROL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control - DELTA_SENSE[2:0] BASE_SHIFT[3:0] 2Fh  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 31 CAP1298 settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a C of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). Bits 3 - 0 - BASE_SHIFT[3:0] - Controls the scaling and data presentation of the Base Count registers. The higher the value of these bits, the larger the range and the lower the resolution of the data presented. The scale factor represents the multiplier to the bit-weighting presented in these register descriptions. APPLICATION NOTE: The BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits normally do not need to be updated. These settings will not affect touch detection or sensitivity. These bits are sometimes helpful in analyzing the Cap Sensing board performance and stability. TABLE 5-9: DELTA_SENSE BIT DECODE DELTA_SENSE[2:0] Sensitivity Multiplier 210 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) TABLE 5-10: BASE_SHIFT BIT DECODE BASE_SHIFT[3:0] Data Scaling Factor 32 1 0 0 0 0 0 1x 0 0 0 1 2x 0 0 1 0 4x 0 0 1 1 8x 0 1 0 0 16x 0 1 0 1 32x 0 1 1 0 64x 0 1 1 1 128x 1 0 0 0 256x All others 256x (default = 1111b) CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 32  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.6 Configuration Registers The Configuration registers control general global functionality that affects the entire device. 5.6.1 CONFIGURATION - 20H Bit 7 - TIMEOUT - Enables the timeout and idle functionality of the SMBus protocol. • ‘0’ (default) - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are disabled. The SMBus interface will not time out if the clock line is held low. Likewise, it will not reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us. • ‘1’ - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are enabled. The SMBus interface will reset if the clock line is held low for longer than 30ms. Likewise, it will reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us. Bit 5 - DIS_DIG_NOISE - Determines whether the digital noise threshold (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register") is used by the device. Setting this bit disables the feature. • ‘0’ - The digital noise threshold is used. If a delta count value exceeds the noise threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold, the sample is discarded and not used for the automatic recalibration routine. • ‘1’ (default) - The noise threshold is disabled. Any delta count that is less than the touch threshold is used for the automatic recalibration routine. Bit 4 - DIS_ANA_NOISE - Determines whether the analog noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature. • ‘0’ (default) - If low frequency noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set. • ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if low frequency noise is detected. Bit 3 - MAX_DUR_EN - Determines whether the maximum duration recalibration is enabled. • ‘0’ (default) - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is disabled. A touch may be held indefinitely and no recalibration will be performed on any sensor input. • ‘1’ - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is enabled. If a touch is held for longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings (see Section 5.8), the recalibration routine will be restarted (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"). 5.6.2 CONFIGURATION 2 - 44H Bit 6 - BC_OUT_RECAL - Controls whether to retry analog calibration when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs. • ‘0’ - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input, the out of limit base count will be used for the sensor input. • ‘1’ (default) - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), analog calibration will be repeated on the sensor input. Bit 5 - BLK_PWR_CTRL - Determines whether the device will reduce power consumption while waiting between conversion time completion and the end of the sensing cycle. • ‘0’ (default) - The device will reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle. • ‘1’ - The device will not reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle. TABLE 5-11: CONFIGURATION REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 20h R/W Configuration TIME OUT - DIS_ DIG_ NOISE DIS_ ANA_ NOISE MAX_ DUR_EN - - - 20h 44h R/W Configuration 2 - BC_ OUT_ RECAL BLK_ PWR_ CTRL BC_ OUT_ INT SHOW_ RF_ NOISE DIS_ RF_ NOISE ACAL _FAIL _INT INT_ REL_ n 40h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 33 CAP1298 Bit 4 - BC_OUT_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs. • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the BC_OUT bit is set. Bit 3 - SHOW_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the Noise Status bits will show RF Noise as the only input source. • ‘0’ (default) - The Noise Status registers will show both RF noise and low frequency noise if either is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input. • ‘1’ - The Noise Status registers will only show RF noise if it is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input. Low frequency noise will still be detected and touches will be blocked normally; however, the status bits will not be updated. Bit 2 - DIS_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the RF noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature. • ‘0’ (default) - If RF noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set. • ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if RF noise is detected. Bit 1 - ACAL_FAIL_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when analog calibration fails for one or more sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set Bit 0 - INT_REL_n - Controls the interrupt behavior when a release is detected on a button (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and again when a release is detected and at the repeat rate (if enabled - see Section 5.12). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and at the repeat rate but not when a release is detected. 5.7 Sensor Input Enable Register The Sensor Input Enable register determines whether a capacitive touch sensor input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The specified input is not included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. • ‘1’ (default) - The specified input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. Bit 7 - CS8_EN - Determines whether the CS8 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 6 - CS7_EN - Determines whether the CS7 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 5 - CS6_EN - Determines whether the CS6 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 4 - CS5_EN - Determines whether the CS5 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 3 - CS4_EN - Determines whether the CS4 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 2 - CS3_EN - Determines whether the CS3 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 1 - CS2_EN - Determines whether the CS2 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 0 - CS1_EN - Determines whether the CS1 input is monitored in the Active state. TABLE 5-12: SENSOR INPUT ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable CS8_EN CS7_EN CS6_EN CS5_EN CS4_EN CS3_EN CS2_EN CS1_EN FFh CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 34  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.8 Sensor Input Configuration Register The Sensor Input Configuration Register controls timings associated with the capacitive sensor inputs. Bits 7 - 4 - MAX_DUR[3:0] - (default 1010b) - Determines the maximum time that a sensor pad is allowed to be touched until the capacitive touch sensor input is recalibrated (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5- 14. Bits 3 - 0 - RPT_RATE[3:0] - (default 0100b) Determines the time duration between interrupt assertions when auto repeat is enabled (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5-15. TABLE 5-13: SENSOR INPUT CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration MAX_DUR[3:0] RPT_RATE[3:0] A4h TABLE 5-14: MAX_DUR BIT DECODE MAX_DUR[3:0] Time before Recalibration 32 1 0 0 0 0 0 560ms 0 0 0 1 840ms 0 0 1 0 1120ms 0 0 1 1 1400ms 0 1 0 0 1680ms 0 1 0 1 2240ms 0 1 1 0 2800ms 0 1 1 1 3360ms 1 0 0 0 3920ms 1 0 0 1 4480ms 1 0 1 0 5600ms (default) 1 0 1 1 6720ms 1 1 0 0 7840ms 1 1 0 1 8906ms 1 1 1 0 10080ms 1 1 1 1 11200ms  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 35 CAP1298 5.9 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register Bits 3 - 0 - M_PRESS[3:0] - (default 0111b) - Determines the minimum amount of time that sensor inputs configured to use auto repeat must detect a sensor pad touch to detect a “press and hold” event (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a “press and hold” event is detected. If a sensor input detects a touch for less than or equal to the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a touch event is detected. The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5-17. TABLE 5-15: RPT_RATE BIT DECODE RPT_RATE[3:0] Interrupt Repeat Rate 3 21 0 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms (default) 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms TABLE 5-16: SENSOR INPUT CONFIGURATION 2 REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 - - - - M_PRESS[3:0] 07h CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 36  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.10 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register The Averaging and Sampling Configuration register controls the number of samples taken and the target sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. Bits 6 - 4 - AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all channels enabled in the Active state during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5-19. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. For example, if CS1, CS2, and CS3 are sampled during the sensing cycle, and the AVG[2:0] bits are set to take 4 samples per channel, then the full sensing cycle will be: CS1, CS1, CS1, CS1, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS3, CS3, CS3, CS3. TABLE 5-17: M_PRESS BIT DECODE M_PRESS[3:0] M_PRESS Settings 3 21 0 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms (default) 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms TABLE 5-18: AVERAGING AND SAMPLING CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config - AVG[2:0] SAMP_TIME[1:0] CYCLE_TIME [1:0] 39h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 37 CAP1298 Bits 3 - 2 - SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample as shown in Table 5-20. Sample time affects the magnitude of the base counts, as shown in Table 4-1, "Ideal Base Counts". Bits 1 - 0 - CYCLE_TIME[1:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for channels enabled in the Active state, as shown in Table 5-21. All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. TABLE 5-19: AVG BIT DECODE AVG[2:0] Number Of Samples Taken Per Measurement 2 10 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 TABLE 5-20: SAMP_TIME BIT DECODE SAMP_TIME[1:0] Sample Time 1 0 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms TABLE 5-21: CYCLE_TIME BIT DECODE CYCLE_TIME[1:0] Programmed Sensing Cycle Time 1 0 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 38  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (CYCLE_TIME[1:0]) is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 5.10.1 CALIBRATION ACTIVATE AND STATUS REGISTER The Calibration Activate and Status Register serves a dual function: 1. It forces the selected sensor inputs to be calibrated, affecting both the analog and digital blocks (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When one or more bits are set, the device performs the calibration routine on the corresponding sensor inputs. When the analog calibration routine is finished, the CALX[9:0] bits are updated (see Section 5.28, "Sensor Input Calibration Registers"). If the analog calibration routine completed successfully for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is automatically cleared. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, bits can be set by host or are automatically set by the device whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (such as coming out of Deep Sleep, after power-on reset, when a bit is set in the Sensor Enable Channel Enable register (21h) and the device is in the Active state, or when a bit is set in the Standby Channel Enable Register (40h) and the device is in the Standby state). 2. It serves as an indicator of an analog calibration failure. If any of the bits could not be cleared, the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). A bit will fail to clear if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits for failures unless the ACAL_FAIL bit is set. In addition, if a sensor input is newly enabled, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits until time has elapsed to complete calibration on the sensor input. Otherwise, the ACAL_FAIL bit may be set for one sensor input, but the newly enabled sensor input may still be set to ‘1’ in the Calibration Activate and Status, not because it failed, but because it has not been calibrated yet. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - No action needed. • ‘1’ - Writing a ‘1’, forces a calibration on the corresponding sensor input. If the ACAL_FAIL flag is set and this bit is set (see application note above), the sensor input could not complete analog calibration. Bit 7 - CS8_CAL - Bit for CS8 input. Bit 6 - CS7_CAL - Bit for CS7 input. Bit 5 - CS6_CAL - Bit for CS6 input. Bit 4 - CS5_CAL - Bit for CS5 input. Bit 3 - CS4_CAL - Bit for CS4 input. Bit 2 - CS3_CAL - Bit for CS3 input. Bit 1 - CS2_CAL - Bit for CS2 input. Bit 0 - CS1_CAL - Bit for CS1 input. APPLICATION NOTE: Writing a ‘0’ to clear a ‘1’ may cause a planned calibration to be skipped, if the calibration routine had not reached the sensor input yet. TABLE 5-22: CALIBRATION ACTIVATE AND STATUS REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status CS8_ CAL CS7_ CAL CS6_ CAL CS5_ CAL CS4_ CAL CS3_ CAL CS2_ CAL CS1_ CAL 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 39 CAP1298 5.11 Interrupt Enable Register The Interrupt Enable register determines whether a sensor pad touch or release (if enabled) causes an interrupt (see Section 4.9, "Interrupts"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The ALERT# pin will not be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input. • ‘1’ (default) - The ALERT# pin will be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input. Bit 7 - CS8_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS8 (associated with the CS8 status bit). Bit 6 - CS7_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS7 (associated with the CS7 status bit). Bit 5 - CS6_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS6 (associated with the CS6 status bit). Bit 4 - CS5_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS5 (associated with the CS5 status bit). Bit 3 - CS4_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS4 (associated with the CS4 status bit). Bit 2 - CS3_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS3 (associated with the CS3 status bit). Bit 1 - CS2_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS2 (associated with the CS2 status bit). Bit 0 - CS1_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS1 (associated with the CS1 status bit). 5.12 Repeat Rate Enable Register The Repeat Rate Enable register enables the repeat rate of the sensor inputs as described in Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior". For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is disabled. It will only generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and when a release is detected (if enabled) no matter how long the touch is held. • ‘1’ (default) - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is enabled. In the case of a “touch” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and a release is detected (as determined by the INT_REL_n bit - see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). In the case of a “press and hold” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and at the repeat rate so long as the touch is held. Bit 7 - CS8_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 8. TABLE 5-23: INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 27h R/W Interrupt Enable CS8_ INT_EN CS7_ INT_EN CS6_ INT_EN CS5_ INT_EN CS4_ INT_EN CS3_ INT_EN CS2_ INT_EN CS1_ INT_EN FFh TABLE 5-24: REPEAT RATE ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable CS8_ RPT_EN CS7_ RPT_EN CS6_ RPT_EN CS5_ RPT_EN CS4_ RPT_EN CS3_ RPT_EN CS2_ RPT_EN CS1_ RPT_EN FFh CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 40  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Bit 6 - CS7_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 7. Bit 5 - CS6_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 6. Bit 4 - CS5_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 5. Bit 3 - CS4_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 4. Bit 2 - CS3_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 3. Bit 1 - CS2_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 2. Bit 0 - CS1_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 1. 5.13 Signal Guard Enable Register The Signal Guard Enable register enables the signal guard for the specified sensor inputs as described in Section 4.5.1, "Signal Guard". When the signal guard is enabled, CS5 is disabled. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ (default) - The signal guard is disabled for the specified sensor input. • ‘1’ - The signal guard is enabled for the specified sensor input. Bit 7 - CS8_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 8. Bit 6 - CS7_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 7. Bit 5 - CS6_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 6. Bit 3 - CS4_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 4. Bit 2 - CS3_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 3. Bit 1 - CS2_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 2. Bit 0 - CS1_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 1. 5.14 Multiple Touch Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch detection circuitry. These settings determine the number of simultaneous buttons that may be pressed before additional buttons are blocked and the MULT status bit is set. Bit 7 - MULT_BLK_EN - Enables the multiple button blocking circuitry. • ‘0’ - The multiple touch circuitry is disabled. The device will not block multiple touches. • ‘1’ (default) - The multiple touch circuitry is enabled. The device will flag the number of touches equal to programmed multiple touch threshold and block all others. It will remember which sensor inputs are valid and block all others until that sensor pad has been released. Once a sensor pad has been released, the N detected touches TABLE 5-25: SIGNAL GUARD ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 29h R/W Signal Guard Enable CS8_ SG_EN CS7_ SG_EN CS6_ SG_EN - CS4_ SG_EN CS3_ SG_EN CS2_ SG_EN CS1_ SG_EN 00h TABLE 5-26: MULTIPLE TOUCH CONFIGURATION Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Config MULT_ BLK_ EN - - - B_MULT_T[1:0] - - 80h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 41 CAP1298 (determined via the sensing cycle order of CS1 - CS8) will be flagged and all others blocked. Bits 3 - 2 - B_MULT_T[1:0] - Determines the number of simultaneous touches on all sensor pads before a Multiple Touch Event is detected and sensor inputs are blocked. The bit decode is given by Table 5-27. 5.15 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry. This circuitry works like the multiple touch detection circuitry with the following differences: 1. The detection threshold is a percentage of the touch detection threshold as defined by the MTP_TH[1:0] bits whereas the multiple touch circuitry uses the touch detection threshold. 2. The MTP detection circuitry either will detect a specific pattern of sensor inputs as determined by the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings or it will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings to determine a minimum number of sensor inputs that will cause the MTP circuitry to flag an event (see Section 5.16, "Multiple Touch Pattern Register"). When using pattern recognition mode, if all of the sensor inputs set by the Multiple Touch Pattern register have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have their corresponding Noise Flag Status bits set, the MTP bit will be set. When using the absolute number mode, if the number of sensor inputs with thresholds above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than this number, the MTP bit will be set. 3. When an MTP event occurs, all touches are blocked and an interrupt is generated. 4. All sensor inputs will remain blocked so long as the requisite number of sensor inputs are above the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Once this condition is removed, touch detection will be restored. Note that the MTP status bit is only cleared by writing a ‘0’ to the INT bit once the condition has been removed. Bit 7 - MTP_EN - Enables the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry. • ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry is disabled. • ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry is enabled. Bits 3 - 2 - MTP_TH[1:0] - Determine the MTP threshold, as shown in Table 5-29. This threshold is a percentage of sensor input threshold (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") for inputs enabled in the Active state or of the standby threshold (see Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register") for inputs enabled in the Standby state. TABLE 5-27: B_MULT_T BIT DECODE B_MULT_T[1:0] Number of Simultaneous Touches 1 0 0 0 1 (default) 01 2 10 3 11 4 TABLE 5-28: MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN CONFIGURATION Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Config MTP_ EN - - - MTP_TH[1:0] COMP_ PTRN MTP_ ALERT 00h CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 42  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Bit 1 - COMP_PTRN - Determines whether the MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register as a specific pattern of sensor inputs or as an absolute number of sensor inputs. • ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register bit settings as an absolute minimum number of sensor inputs that must be above the threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. The number will be equal to the number of bits set in the register. • ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry will use pattern recognition. Each bit set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register indicates a specific sensor input that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have a Noise Flag Status bit set. If the criteria are met, the MTP status bit will be set. Bit 0 - MTP_ALERT - Enables an interrupt if an MTP event occurs. In either condition, the MTP status bit will be set. • ‘0’ (default) - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin is not asserted. • ‘1’ - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin will be asserted. 5.16 Multiple Touch Pattern Register The Multiple Touch Pattern register acts as a pattern to identify an expected sensor input profile for diagnostics or other significant events. There are two methods for how the Multiple Touch Pattern register is used: as specific sensor inputs or number of sensor input that must exceed the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Which method is used is based on the COMP_PTRN bit (see Section 5.15). The methods are described below. 1. Specific Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the specific sensor inputs above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set match those bits set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register, an MTP event is flagged. 2. Number of Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the number of sensor inputs with a delta count above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than the number of pattern bits set, an MTP event is flagged. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The specified sensor input is not considered a part of the pattern. • ‘1’ - The specified sensor input is considered a part of the pattern, or the absolute number of sensor inputs that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have the Noise Flag Status bit set is increased by 1. Bit 7 - CS8_PTRN - Determines whether CS8 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 6 - CS7_PTRN - Determines whether CS7 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. TABLE 5-29: MTP_TH BIT DECODE MTP_TH[1:0] Threshold Divide Setting 1 0 0 0 12.5% (default) 0 1 25% 1 0 37.5% 1 1 100% TABLE 5-30: MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern CS8_ PTRN CS7_ PTRN CS6_ PTRN CS5_ PTRN CS4_ PTRN CS3_ PTRN CS2_ PTRN CS1_ PTRN FFh  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 43 CAP1298 Bit 5 - CS6_PTRN - Determines whether CS6 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 4 - CS5_PTRN - Determines whether CS5 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 3 - CS4_PTRN - Determines whether CS4 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 2 - CS3_PTRN - Determines whether CS3 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 1 - CS2_PTRN - Determines whether CS2 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 0 - CS1_PTRN - Determines whether CS1 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. 5.17 Base Count Out of Limit Register The Base Count Out of Limit Register indicates which sensor inputs have base counts out of limit (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When these bits are set, the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The base count for the specified sensor input is in the operating range. • ‘1’ - The base count of the specified sensor input is not in the operating range. Bit 7 - BC_OUT_8 - Indicates whether CS8 has a base count out of limit. Bit 6 - BC_OUT_7 - Indicates whether CS7 has a base count out of limit. Bit 5 - BC_OUT_6 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 4 - BC_OUT_5 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 3 - BC_OUT_4 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 2 - BC_OUT_3 - Indicates whether CS3 has a base count out of limit. Bit 1 - BC_OUT_2 - Indicates whether CS2 has a base count out of limit. Bit 0 - BC_OUT_1 - Indicates whether CS1 has a base count out of limit. 5.18 Recalibration Configuration Register The Recalibration Configuration register controls some recalibration routine settings (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration") as well as advanced controls to program the Sensor Input Threshold register settings. Bit 7 - BUT_LD_TH - Enables setting all Sensor Input Threshold registers by writing to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register. • ‘0’ - Each Sensor Input X Threshold register is updated individually. • ‘1’ (default) - Writing the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will automatically overwrite the Sensor Input Threshold registers for all sensor inputs (Sensor Input Threshold 1 through Sensor Input Threshold 8). The individual Sensor Input X Threshold registers (Sensor Input 2 Threshold through Sensor Input 8 Threshold) can be individually updated at any time. TABLE 5-31: BASE COUNT OUT OF LIMIT REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit BC_ OUT_ 8 BC_ OUT_ 7 BC_ OUT_ 6 BC_ OUT_ 5 BC_ OUT_ 4 BC_ OUT_ 3 BC_ OUT_ 2 BC_ OUT_ 1 00h TABLE 5-32: RECALIBRATION CONFIGURATION REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration BUT_ LD_TH NO_CLR _INTD NO_CLR _NEG NEG_DELTA_ CNT[1:0] CAL_CFG[2:0] 8Ah CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 44  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Bit 6 - NO_CLR_INTD - Controls whether the accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set. • ‘0’ (default) - The accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set. • ‘1’ - The accumulation of intermediate data is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. APPLICATION NOTE: Bits 5 and 6 should both be set to the same value. Either both should be set to ‘0’ or both should be set to ‘1’. Bit 5 - NO_CLR_NEG - Controls whether the consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set. ‘0’ (default) - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set. ‘1’ - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. Bits 4 - 3 - NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] - Determines the number of negative delta counts necessary to trigger a digital recalibration (see Section 4.4.2, "Negative Delta Count Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5-33. Bits 2 - 0 - CAL_CFG[2:0] - Determines the update time and number of samples of the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). The settings apply to all sensor inputs universally (though individual sensor inputs can be configured to support recalibration - see Section 5.10.1). Note 5-1 Recalibration Samples refers to the number of samples that are measured and averaged before the Base Count is updated however does not control the base count update period. TABLE 5-33: NEG_DELTA_CNT BIT DECODE NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] Number of Consecutive Negative Delta Count Values 1 0 00 8 0 1 16 (default) 1 0 32 1 1 None (disabled) TABLE 5-34: CAL_CFG BIT DECODE CAL_CFG[2:0] Recalibration Samples (see Note 5-1) Update Time (see Note 5-2) 210 0 0 0 16 16 0 0 1 32 32 0 1 0 64 64 (default) 0 1 1 128 128 1 0 0 256 256 1 0 1 256 1024 1 1 0 256 2048 1 1 1 256 4096  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 45 CAP1298 Note 5-2 Update Time refers to the amount of time (in sensing cycle periods) that elapses before the Base Count is updated. The time will depend upon the number of channels enabled, the averaging setting, and the programmed sensing cycle time. 5.19 Sensor Input Threshold Registers The Sensor Input Threshold registers store the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. When the BUT_LD_TH bit is set (see Section 5.18 - bit 7), writing data to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will update all of the Sensor Input Threshold registers (31h - 37h inclusive). 5.20 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register The Sensor Input Noise Threshold register controls the value of a secondary internal threshold to detect noise and improve the automatic recalibration routine. If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Input Noise Threshold but does not exceed the sensor input threshold, it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. That sample is not used by the automatic recalibration routine. This feature can be disabled by setting the DIS_DIG_NOISE bit. Bits 1-0 - CS1_BN_TH[1:0] - Controls the noise threshold for all capacitive touch sensor inputs, as shown in Table 5-3. The threshold is proportional to the threshold setting. TABLE 5-1: SENSOR INPUT THRESHOLD REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 33h R/W Sensor Input 4 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 34h R/W Sensor Input 5 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 35h R/W Sensor Input 6 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 36h R/W Sensor Input 7 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 37h R/W Sensor Input 8 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h TABLE 5-2: SENSOR INPUT NOISE THRESHOLD REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold - - ---- CS_BN_TH [1:0] 01h CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 46  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.21 Standby Channel Register The Standby Channel register controls which (if any) capacitive touch sensor inputs are enabled in Standby (see Section 4.3.1.2, "Standby State Sensing Settings"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ (default) - The specified channel will not be monitored in Standby. • ‘1’ - The specified channel will be monitored in Standby. It will use the standby threshold setting, and the standby averaging and sensitivity settings. Bit 7 - CS8_STBY - Controls whether the CS8 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 6 - CS7_STBY - Controls whether the CS7 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 5 - CS6_STBY - Controls whether the CS6 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 4 - CS5_STBY - Controls whether the CS5 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 3 - CS4_STBY - Controls whether the CS4 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 2 - CS3_STBY - Controls whether the CS3 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 1 - CS2_STBY - Controls whether the CS2 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 0 - CS1_STBY - Controls whether the CS1 channel is enabled in Standby. 5.22 Standby Configuration Register The Standby Configuration register controls averaging and sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. This register allows the user to change averaging and sample times on a limited number of sensor inputs in Standby and still maintain normal functionality in the Active state. TABLE 5-3: CSX_BN_TH BIT DECODE CS_BN_TH[1:0] Percent Threshold Setting 1 0 0 0 25% 0 1 37.5% (default) 1 0 50% 1 1 62.5% TABLE 5-4: STANDBY CHANNEL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 40h R/W Standby Channel CS8_ STBY CS7_ STBY CS6_ STBY CS5_ STBY CS4_ STBY CS3_ STBY CS2_ STBY CS1_ STBY 00h TABLE 5-5: STANDBY CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 41h R/W Standby Configuration AVG_ SUM STBY_AVG[2:0] STBY_SAMP_ TIME[1:0] STBY_CY_TIME [1:0] 39h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 47 CAP1298 Bit 7 - AVG_SUM - Determines whether the sensor inputs enabled in Standby will average the programmed number of samples or whether they will accumulate for the programmed number of samples. • ‘0’ - (default) - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the average of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold. • ‘1’ - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the summation of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold. Caution should be used with this setting as a touch may overflow the delta count registers and may result in false readings. Bits 6 - 4 - STBY_AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all Standby enabled channels during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5-6. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. Bit 3 - 2 - STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample for sensor inputs enabled in Standby as shown in Table 5-7. Bits 1 - 0 - STBY_CY_TIME[2:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled during Standby, as shown in Table 5-8. This control is also used to determine programmed cycle time in the Combo state (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings"). All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. TABLE 5-6: STBY_AVG BIT DECODE STBY_AVG[2:0] Number Of Samples Taken Per Measurement 2 10 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 TABLE 5-7: STBY_SAMP_TIME BIT DECODE STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] Sampling Time 1 0 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 48  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (STDBY_CY_TIME[1:0] is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The STBY_AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 5.23 Standby Sensitivity Register The Standby Sensitivity register controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. Bits 2 - 0 - STBY_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs that are enabled in Standby. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches than higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitivity settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a C of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a C of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). TABLE 5-8: STBY_CY_TIME BIT DECODE STBY_CY_TIME[1:0] Programmed Sensing Cycle Time 1 0 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms TABLE 5-9: STANDBY SENSITIVITY REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity - - - - - STBY_SENSE[2:0] 02h TABLE 5-10: STBY_SENSE BIT DECODE STBY_SENSE[2:0] Sensitivity Multiplier 210 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default)  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 49 CAP1298 5.24 Standby Threshold Register The Standby Threshold register stores the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. 5.25 Sensor Input Base Count Registers 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) TABLE 5-11: STANDBY THRESHOLD REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 43h R/W Standby Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h TABLE 5-12: SENSOR INPUT BASE COUNT REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 53h R Sensor Input 4 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 54h R Sensor Input 5 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 55h R Sensor Input 6 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 56h R Sensor Input 7 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 57h R Sensor Input 8 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h TABLE 5-10: STBY_SENSE BIT DECODE (CONTINUED) STBY_SENSE[2:0] Sensitivity Multiplier 210 CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 50  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. The Sensor Input Base Count registers store the calibrated “not touched” input value from the capacitive touch sensor inputs. These registers are periodically updated by the calibration and recalibration routines. The routine uses an internal adder to add the current count value for each reading to the sum of the previous readings until sample size has been reached. At this point, the upper 16 bits are taken and used as the Sensor Input Base Count. The internal adder is then reset and the recalibration routine continues. The data presented is determined by the BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits (see Section 5.5). 5.26 Power Button Register The Power Button Register indicates the sensor input that has been designated as the power button (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). Bits 2 - 0 - PWR_BTN[2:0] - When the power button feature is enabled, this control indicates the sensor input to be used as the power button. The decode is shown in Table 5-14. 5.27 Power Button Configuration Register The Power Button Configuration Register controls the length of time that the designated power button must indicate a touch before an interrupt is generated and the power status indicator is set (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). TABLE 5-13: POWER BUTTON REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 60h R/W Power Button - - - - - PWR_BTN[2:0] 00h TABLE 5-14: PWR_BTN BIT DECODE PWR_BTN[2:0] Sensor Input Designated as Power Button 210 0 0 0 CS1 0 0 1 CS2 0 1 0 CS3 0 1 1 CS4 1 0 0 CS5 1 0 1 CS6 1 1 0 CS7 1 1 1 CS8 TABLE 5-15: POWER BUTTON CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 61h R/W Power Button Configuration - STBY_ PWR_ EN STBY_PWR_ TIME [1:0] - PWR_ EN PWR_TIME [1:0] 22h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 51 CAP1298 Bit 6 - STBY_PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Standby state. • ‘0’ (default) - The Standby power button circuitry is disabled. • ‘1’ - The Standby power button circuitry is enabled. Bits 5 - 4 - STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5-16, that the power button must be held in the Standby state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. Bit 2 - PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Active state. • ‘0’ (default) - The power button circuitry is disabled in the Active state. • ‘1’ -The power button circuitry is enabled in the Active state. Bits 1 - 0 - PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5-16, that the power button must be held in the Active state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. 5.28 Sensor Input Calibration Registers TABLE 5-16: POWER BUTTON TIME BITS DECODE PWR_TIME[1:0] / STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] Power Button Touch Hold Time 1 0 0 0 280ms 0 1 560ms 1 0 1.12 sec (default) 1 1 2.24 sec TABLE 5-17: SENSOR INPUT CALIBRATION REGISTERS Addr Register R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default B1h Sensor Input 1 Calibration R CAL1_9 CAL1_8 CAL1_7 CAL1_6 CAL1_5 CAL1_4 CAL1_3 CAL1_2 00h B2h Sensor Input 2 Calibration R CAL2_9 CAL2_8 CAL2_7 CAL2_6 CAL2_5 CAL2_4 CAL2_3 CAL2_2 00h B3h Sensor Input 3 Calibration R CAL3_9 CAL3_8 CAL3_7 CAL3_6 CAL3_5 CAL3_4 CAL3_3 CAL3_2 00h B4h Sensor Input 4 Calibration R CAL4_9 CAL4_8 CAL4_7 CAL4_6 CAL4_5 CAL4_4 CAL4_3 CAL4_2 00h B5h Sensor Input 5 Calibration R CAL5_9 CAL5_8 CAL5_7 CAL5_6 CAL5_5 CAL5_4 CAL5_3 CAL5_2 00h B6h Sensor Input 6 Calibration R CAL6_9 CAL6_8 CAL6_7 CAL6_6 CAL6_5 CAL6_4 CAL6_3 CAL6_2 00h B7h Sensor Input 7 Calibration R CAL7_9 CAL7_8 CAL7_7 CAL7_6 CAL7_5 CAL7_4 CAL7_3 CAL7_2 00h B8h Sensor Input 8 Calibration R CAL8_9 CAL8_8 CAL8_7 CAL8_6 CAL8_5 CAL8_4 CAL8_3 CAL8_2 00h CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 52  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. The Sensor Input Calibration registers hold the 10-bit value that represents the last calibration value. The value represents the capacitance applied to the internal sensing circuits to balance the capacitance of the sensor input pad. Minimum (000h) and maximum (3FFh) values indicate analog calibration failure (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). 5.29 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Registers CALSENx[1:0] - Controls the gain used by the calibration routine to enable sensor inputs to be more sensitive for proximity detection. Gain is based on capacitance touch pad capacitance ranges, as shown in Table 5-19. Since each sensor input can have a different pad capacitance, each sensor input has a control. 5.30 Product ID Register B9h Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 R CAL4_1 CAL4_0 CAL3_1 CAL3_0 CAL2_1 CAL2_0 CAL1_1 CAL1_0 00h BAh Sensor Input Calibration LSB 2 R CAL8_1 CAL8_0 CAL7_1 CAL7_0 CAL6_1 CAL6_0 CAL5_1 CAL5_0 00h TABLE 5-18: CALIBRATION SENSITIVITY CONFIGURATION REGISTERS Addr Register R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 80h Calibration Sensitivity Config 1 R/W CALSEN4[1:0] CALSEN3[1:0] CALSEN2[1:0] CALSEN1[1:0] 00h 81h Calibration Sensitivity Config 2 R/W CALSEN8[1:0] CALSEN7[1:0] CALSEN6[1:0] CALSEN5[1:0] 00h TABLE 5-19: CALSENX BIT DECODE CALSENx[1:0] Gain Capacitive Touch Pad Capacitance Range 1 0 0 0 1 5-50pF (default) 0 1 2 0-25pF 1 0 4 0-12.5pF TABLE 5-20: PRODUCT ID REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FDh R Product ID CAP1298 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 71h TABLE 5-17: SENSOR INPUT CALIBRATION REGISTERS (CONTINUED) Addr Register R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 53 CAP1298 The Product ID register stores a unique 8-bit value that identifies the device. 5.31 Manufacturer ID Register The Vendor ID register stores an 8-bit value that represents MCHP. 5.32 Revision Register The Revision register stores an 8-bit value that represents the part revision. TABLE 5-21: VENDOR ID REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FEh R Manufacturer ID 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 5Dh TABLE 5-22: REVISION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FFh R Revision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 54  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 6.0 PACKAGE INFORMATION 6.1 CAP1298 Package Drawings FIGURE 6-1: CAP1298 14-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 55 CAP1298 FIGURE 6-1: CAP1298 14-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 56  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 6-1: CAP1298 14-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC)    ! "# $ %   &"'  # ())$$$  )"  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 57 CAP1298 FIGURE 6-2: CAP1298 16-PIN QFN 3MM X 3MM CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 58  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 6-3: CAP1298 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS - 16-PIN QFN 3MM X 3MM  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 59 CAP1298 FIGURE 6-4: CAP1298 PCB LAND PATTERN AND STENCIL - 16-PIN QFN 3MM X 3MM CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 60  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 6.2 Package Marking FIGURE 6-5: CAP1298 PACKAGE MARKING 3 6 W W N N N A PIN 1 CAP1298Ͳ1ͲSLͲTR CAP1298Ͳ2ͲSLͲTR CAP1298Ͳ1ͲA4ͲTR CAP1298Ͳ2ͲA4ͲTR 3 6 W NNNA e3 TOP BOTTOM Bottom marking not allowed PBͲFREE/GREEN SYMBOL PIN 1 (Ni/Pd PPͲLF) Line 1 – Device Code, Week 2x 0.6 Line 2 – Alphanumeric Traceability Code W Lines 1Ͳ2: Line 3: Center Horizontal Alignment As Shown H 5 W NNNA e3 TOP BOTTOM Bottom marking not allowed PBͲFREE/GREEN SYMBOL PIN 1 (Ni/Pd PPͲLF) Line 1 – Device Code, Week 2x 0.6 Line 2 – Alphanumeric Traceability Code W Lines 1Ͳ2: Line 3: Center Horizontal Alignment As Shown Line 1 – Device Code, Week Line 2 – Alphanumeric Traceability Code Line 1 – Device Code, Week Line 2 – Alphanumeric Traceability Code H 5 W W N N N A PIN 1 PbͲFree JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) PbͲFree JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn)  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 61 CAP1298 APPENDIX A: DEVICE DELTA A.1 Delta from CAP1128 / CAP1188 to CAP1298 1. Revision ID set to 00h. 2. Pinout changed. RESET, WAKE, and ADDR_COMM pins removed. LED pins removed. SPI pins / muxing also removed. Added GND pin as ground slug is no longer used for ground connection. 3. Reduced package size from a 20-pin 4mm x 4mm QFN to a 16-pin 3mm x 3mm QFN. 4. Added Power Button feature (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). 5. Added ACAL_FAIL bit to flag analog calibration failures (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and ACAL_- FAIL_INT bit to control analog calibration failure interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 6. Added BC_OUT bit to flag calibration failures regarding base counts out of limit (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and BC_OUT_RECAL and BC_OUT_INT bit to control base count out of limit behavior and interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Added Base Count Out of Limit Register to indicate which sensor inputs have base counts outside the operating range (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). 7. New Combo state has been added which allows some sensors programmed to use the Active state settings and other sensors programmed to use the Standby state settings to function at the same time (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings"). 8. Added an option for a signal guard that is overloaded with the CS5 pin. This signal guard is configured to power a ground shield for improved signal in certain applications (see Section 4.5.1, "Signal Guard"). 9. Increased supply voltage range for 5V operation. 10. Increased operating temperature range from 0°C - 85°C to -40°C to 125°C. 11. LEDs removed. 12. SMBus address fixed at 0101_000(r/w). 13. Removed SPI communications protocol option. 14. Removed RESET pin function. 15. Removed WAKE pin function. 16. Removed ALERT pin configuration. 17. Register set changes are shown in Table A-1, "Register Delta". TABLE A-1: REGISTER DELTA Address Register Delta Delta Default 00h Page 26 Added bits - Main Control Register Added C_GAIN[1:0] and COMBO bits. Changed function of GAIN[1:0] bits if COMBO bit is set. 00h 02h Page 28 Added bits - General Status Register Added bit 4 PWR for new Power Button feature. Added bit 5 ACAL_FAIL to indicate analog calibration failure. Added bit 6 BC_OUT. Removed bit 4 LED status. 00h 04h Removed - LED Status Register removed register n/a 20h Page 32 Removed bit - Configuration Register Removed bit 6 WAKE_CFG. 20h 26h Page 38 Renamed Calibration Activate and Status Register and added functionality In addition to forcing a calibration, the register also indicates the status of calibration for each sensor input. 00h 29h Page 40 New - Signal Guard Enable Register new register for Signal Guard feature 00h CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 62  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2Eh Page 43 New - Base Count Out of Limit Register new register for calibration status 00h 44h Page 32 Added and removed bits - Configuration 2 Register Added bit 1 ACAL_FAIL_INT. Changed bit 4 from BLK_POL_MIR to BC_OUT_INT. Changed bit 6 from ALT_POL to BC_OUT_RECAL. Removed bit 7 INV_LINK_TRAN. 40h 60h Page 50 New - Power Button Register new register for Power Button feature 00h 61h Page 50 New - Power Button Configuration Register new register for configuring the Power Button feature 00h 71h Removed - LED Output Type Register removed register n/a 72h Removed - Sensor Input LED Linking Register removed register n/a 73h Removed - LED Polarity Register removed register n/a 74h Removed - LED Output Control Register removed register n/a 77h Removed - Linked LED Transition Control Register removed register n/a 79h Removed - LED Mirror Control Register removed register n/a 80h Page 52 Added - Calibration Sensitivity Config 1 new register for proximity 00h 81h Page 52 Changed - Calibration Sensitivity Config 2 Changed from LED Behavior register to new register for proximity 00h 82h Removed - LED Behavior Register 2 removed register n/a 84h Removed - LED Pulse 1 Period removed register n/a 85h Removed - LED Pulse 2 Period removed register n/a 86h Removed - LED Breathe Period Register removed register n/a 88h Removed - LED Config Register removed register n/a 90h Removed - LED Pulse 1 Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 91h Removed - LED Pulse 2 Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a TABLE A-1: REGISTER DELTA (CONTINUED) Address Register Delta Delta Default  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 63 CAP1298 92h Removed - LED Breathe Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 93h Removed - LED Direct Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 94h Removed - LED Direct Ramp Rates Register removed register n/a 95h Removed - LED Off Delay removed register n/a FDh Page 52 Changed - Product ID New product ID for CAP1298 71h FFh Page 53 Changed - Revision Register Revision changed. 00h TABLE A-1: REGISTER DELTA (CONTINUED) Address Register Delta Delta Default CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 64  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 7.0 REVISION HISTORY TABLE 7-1: REVISION HISTORY Revision Level and Date Section/Figure/Entry Correction DS00001571B (08-25-15) Added 14-lead SOIC packages, SOIC pinout diagrams, package marking. Updated ordering information. CAP1298 Revision A replaces the previous SMSC version Revision 1.0  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 65 CAP1298 THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information: • Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software • General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing • Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. To register, access the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on “Customer Change Notification” and follow the registration instructions. CUSTOMER SUPPORT Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: • Distributor or Representative • Local Sales Office • Field Application Engineer (FAE) • Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. Technical support is available through the web site at: http://www.microchip.com/support CAP1298 DS00001571B-page 66  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. Device: CAP1298 Tape and Reel Option TR Tape and Reel Package:(2) A4 16-pin QFN SL 14-pin SOIC Examples: a) CAP1298-1-A4-TR 0b0101_000[r/w] Address 16-pin QFN package b) CAP1298-2-SL-TR 0b0101_001[r/w] Address 14-pin SOIC package Note 1: Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the catalog part number description. This identifier is used for ordering purposes and is not printed on the device package. Check with your Microchip Sales Office for package availability with the Tape and Reel option. 2: For other small form-factor package availability and marking information, please visit www.microchip.com/packaging or contact your local sales office. PART NO. [X] XX Address Package Option Device [XX] Tape and Reel Option - -  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001571B-page 67 CAP1298 Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2013-2015, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 9781632776792 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 ==  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 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 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 1 PRODUCT FEATURES Datasheet CAP1208 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor General Description The CAP1208 which incorporates RightTouch® technology, is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor. It contains eight (8) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. The CAP1208 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1208 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. Power consumption in the Standby state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. Applications  Desktop and Notebook PCs  LCD Monitors  Consumer Electronics  Appliances Features  Eight (8) Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs — Programmable sensitivity — Automatic recalibration — Calibrates for parasitic capacitance — Individual thresholds for each button  Multiple Button Pattern Detection  Power Button Support  Press and Hold Feature for Volume-like Applications  3.3V or 5V Supply  Analog Filtering for System Noise Sources  RF Detection and Avoidance Filters  Digital EMI Blocker  8kV ESD Rating on All Pins (HBM)  Low Power Operation — 5µA quiescent current in Deep Sleep — 50µA quiescent current in Standby (1 sensor input monitored) — Samples one or more channels in Standby  SMBus / I2C Compliant Communication Interface  Available in a 16-pin 3mm x 3mm QFN RoHS compliant package Block Diagram SMBus Protocol SMCLK SMDATA VDD GND ALERT# Capacitive Touch Sensing Algorithm CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4 CS5 CS6 CS7 CS8 Reel size is 4,000 pieces for 16-Pin QFN This product meets the halogen maximum concentration values per IEC61249-2-21 ORDERING NUMBER PACKAGE FEATURES CAP1208-1-A4-TR 16-pin QFN 3mm x 3mm (RoHS compliant) Eight capacitive touch sensor inputs, SMBus interface, SMBus address 0101_000(r/w). CAP1208-2-A4-TR 16-pin QFN 3mm x 3mm (RoHS compliant) Eight capacitive touch sensor inputs, SMBus interface, SMBus address 0101_001(r/w). 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 2  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Ordering Information: 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 3 Table of Contents Chapter 1 Pin Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Chapter 2 Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Chapter 3 Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.1 Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2 System Management Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.1 SMBus Start Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.2 SMBus Address and RD / WR Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.3 SMBus Data Bytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.4 SMBus ACK and NACK Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.5 SMBus Stop Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2.6 SMBus Timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2.7 SMBus and I2C Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.3 SMBus Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.3.1 SMBus Write Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3.2 SMBus Read Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3.3 SMBus Send Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3.4 SMBus Receive Byte. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.4 I2C Protocols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.4.1 Block Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.4.2 Block Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Chapter 4 General Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.1 Power States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.2 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.3 Capacitive Touch Sensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.3.1 Capacitive Touch Sensing Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.3.1.1 Active State Sensing Settings........................................................................................21 4.3.1.2 Standby State Sensing Settings ....................................................................................21 4.3.2 Sensing Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.4 Sensor Input Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.4.1 Automatic Recalibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.4.2 Negative Delta Count Recalibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.4.3 Delayed Recalibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.5 Power Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.6 Multiple Touch Pattern Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.7 Noise Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.7.1 Low Frequency Noise Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.7.2 RF Noise Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.7.3 Noise Status and Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.8 Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8.1 ALERT# Pin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8.2 Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8.3 Interrupts for the Power Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4.8.4 Interrupts for Multiple Touch Pattern Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.8.5 Interrupts for Sensor Input Calibration Failures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.8.6 Interrupts for Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Chapter 5 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 4  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.1 Main Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5.2 Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 5.2.1 General Status - 02h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 5.2.2 Sensor Input Status - 03h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.3 Noise Flag Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.4 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.5 Sensitivity Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.6 Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.6.1 Configuration - 20h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.6.2 Configuration 2 - 44h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.7 Sensor Input Enable Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.8 Sensor Input Configuration Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.9 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5.10 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 5.11 Calibration Activate and Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.12 Interrupt Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 5.13 Repeat Rate Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 5.14 Multiple Touch Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 5.15 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 5.16 Multiple Touch Pattern Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 5.17 Base Count Out of Limit Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 5.18 Recalibration Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 5.19 Sensor Input Threshold Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5.20 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 5.21 Standby Channel Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 5.22 Standby Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 5.23 Standby Sensitivity Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 5.24 Standby Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.25 Sensor Input Base Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.26 Power Button Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5.27 Power Button Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5.28 Sensor Input Calibration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 5.29 Product ID Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.30 Manufacturer ID Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.31 Revision Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Chapter 6 Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 6.1 CAP1208 Package Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 6.2 Package Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Appendix ADevice Delta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 A.1 Delta from CAP1128 / CAP1188 to CAP1208 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Chapter 7 Revision History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 5 List of Figures Figure 1.1 CAP1208 Pin Diagram (16-Pin QFN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Figure 3.1 SMBus Timing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Figure 4.1 System Diagram for CAP1208 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Figure 4.2 POR and PORR With Slow Rising VDD and BOR with Falling VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Figure 4.3 Sensor Interrupt Behavior - Repeat Rate Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 4.4 Sensor Interrupt Behavior - No Repeat Rate Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 6.1 CAP1208 Package Drawing - 16-Pin QFN 3mm x 3mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Figure 6.2 CAP1208 Package Dimensions - 16-Pin QFN 3mm x 3mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Figure 6.3 CAP1208 PCB Land Pattern and Stencil - 16-Pin QFN 3mm x 3mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Figure 6.4 CAP1208-1 Package Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Figure 6.5 CAP1208-2 Package Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 6  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. List of Tables Table 1.1 Pin Description for CAP1208 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Table 1.2 Pin Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Table 2.2 Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Table 3.1 Protocol Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Table 3.2 Write Byte Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 3.3 Read Byte Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 3.4 Send Byte Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 3.5 Receive Byte Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Table 3.6 Block Read Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Table 3.7 Block Write Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Table 4.1 Ideal Base Counts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Table 5.2 Main Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Table 5.3 Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Table 5.4 Noise Flag Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Table 5.5 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Table 5.6 Sensitivity Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Table 5.7 DELTA_SENSE Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Table 5.8 BASE_SHIFT Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Table 5.9 Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Table 5.10 Sensor Input Enable Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Table 5.11 Sensor Input Configuration Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Table 5.12 MAX_DUR Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Table 5.13 RPT_RATE Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Table 5.14 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Table 5.15 M_PRESS Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Table 5.16 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Table 5.17 AVG Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Table 5.18 SAMP_TIME Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Table 5.19 CYCLE_TIME Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Table 5.20 Calibration Activate and Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Table 5.21 Interrupt Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Table 5.22 Repeat Rate Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Table 5.23 Multiple Touch Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Table 5.24 B_MULT_T Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Table 5.25 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Table 5.26 MTP_TH Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Table 5.27 Multiple Touch Pattern Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Table 5.28 Base Count Out of Limit Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Table 5.29 Recalibration Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Table 5.30 NEG_DELTA_CNT Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Table 5.31 CAL_CFG Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Table 5.32 Sensor Input Threshold Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Table 5.33 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Table 5.34 CSx_BN_TH Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Table 5.35 Standby Channel Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Table 5.36 Standby Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Table 5.37 STBY_AVG Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Table 5.38 STBY_SAMP_TIME Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Table 5.39 STBY_CY_TIME Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Table 5.40 Standby Sensitivity Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 7 Table 5.41 STBY_SENSE Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Table 5.42 Standby Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Table 5.43 Sensor Input Base Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Table 5.44 Power Button Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Table 5.45 PWR_BTN Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Table 5.46 Power Button Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Table 5.47 Power Button Time Bits Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Table 5.48 Sensor Input Calibration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Table 5.49 Product ID Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Table 5.50 Vendor ID Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Table 5.51 Revision Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Table A.1 Register Delta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Table 7.1 Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 8  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 1 Pin Description Figure 1.1 CAP1208 Pin Diagram (16-Pin QFN) Table 1.1 Pin Description for CAP1208 PIN NUMBER PIN NAME PIN FUNCTION PIN TYPE UNUSED CONNECTION 1 ALERT# ALERT# - Active low alert / interrupt output for SMBus alert OD Connect to Ground 2 SMDATA SMDATA - Bi-directional, open-drain SMBus or I2C data - requires pull-up resistor DIOD n/a 3 SMCLK SMCLK - SMBus or I2C clock input - requires pull-up resistor DI n/a 4 VDD Positive Power supply Power n/a 5 N/C Not internally connected n/a Connect to Ground 6 N/C Not internally connected n/a Connect to Ground 7 GND Ground Power n/a 8 GND Ground Power n/a 9 CS8 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 8 AIO Connect to Ground 10 CS7 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 7 AIO Connect to Ground 1 2 3 4 12 11 10 9 16 15 14 13 5 6 7 8 VDD SMCLK SMDATA CS7 GND CS5 CS6 CS1 CS2 CS4 CS8 CS3 GND N/C N/C Exposed pad ALERT# 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 9 APPLICATION NOTE: All digital pins are 5V tolerant pins. The pin types are described in Table 1.2. 11 CS6 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 6 AIO Connect to Ground 12 CS5 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 5 AIO Connect to Ground 13 CS4 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 4 AIO Connect to Ground 14 CS3 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 3 AIO Connect to Ground 15 CS2 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 2 AIO Connect to Ground 16 CS1 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 1 AIO Connect to Ground Bottom pad Exposed pad Not internally connected, but recommend grounding - - Table 1.2 Pin Types PIN TYPE DESCRIPTION Power This pin is used to supply power or ground to the device. DI Digital Input - This pin is used as a digital input. This pin is 5V tolerant. AIO Analog Input / Output - This pin is used as an I/O for analog signals. DIOD Digital Input / Open Drain Output - This pin is used as a digital I/O. When it is used as an output, it is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. OD Open Drain Digital Output - This pin is used as a digital output. It is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. Table 1.1 Pin Description for CAP1208 (continued) PIN NUMBER PIN NAME PIN FUNCTION PIN TYPE UNUSED CONNECTION 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 10  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 2 Electrical Specifications Note 2.1 Stresses above those listed could cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any other condition above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Note 2.2 For the 5V tolerant pins that have a pull-up resistor, the voltage difference between V5VT_PIN and VDD must never exceed 3.6V. Note 2.3 The Package Power Dissipation specification assumes a recommended thermal via design consisting of a 2x2 matrix of 0.3mm (12mil) vias at 1.0mm pitch connected to the ground plane with a 1.6 x 1.6mm thermal landing. Note 2.4 Junction to Ambient (θJA) is dependent on the design of the thermal vias. Without thermal vias and a thermal landing, the θJA will be higher. Table 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Voltage on VDD pin -0.3 to 6.5 V Voltage on CS pins to GND -0.3 to 4.0 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (V5VT_PIN) -0.3 to 5.5 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (|V5VT_PIN - VDD|) (see Note 2.2) 0 to 3.6 V Input current to any pin except VDD +10 mA Output short circuit current Continuous N/A Package Power Dissipation up to TA = 85°C for 16-pin QFN (see Note 2.3) 0.5 W Junction to Ambient (θJA) (see Note 2.4) 70 °C/W Operating Ambient Temperature Range -40 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Range -55 to 150 °C ESD Rating, All Pins, HBM 8000 V 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 11 Table 2.2 Electrical Specifications VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNIT CONDITIONS DC POWER Supply Voltage VDD 3.0 5.5 V Supply Current ISTBY_DEF 120 170 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored Default conditions (8 avg, 70ms cycle time) ISTBY_LP 50 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored 1 avg, 140ms cycle time IDSLEEP_3V 5 TBD µA Deep Sleep state active No communications TA < 40°C 3.135 < VDD < 3.465V IDSLEEP_5V TBD TBD µA Deep Sleep state active No communications TA < 40°C VDD = 5V IDD 500 750 µA Capacitive Sensing Active CAPACITIVE TOUCH SENSOR INPUTS Maximum Base Capacitance CBASE 50 pF Pad untouched Minimum Detectable Capacitive Shift ΔCTOUCH 20 fF Pad touched - default conditions Recommended Cap Shift ΔCTOUCH 0.1 2 pF Pad touched - Not tested Power Supply Rejection PSR ±3 ±10 counts / V Untouched Current Counts Base Capacitance 5pF - 50pF Negative Delta Counts disabled Maximum sensitivity All other parameters default POWER-ON AND BROWN-OUT RESET (SEE Section 4.2, "Reset") Power-On Reset Voltage VPOR 1 1.3 V Pin States Defined Power-On Reset Release Voltage VPORR 2.85 V Rising VDD Ensured by design Brown-Out Reset VBOR 2.8 V Falling VDD VDD Rise Rate (ensures internal POR signal) SVDD 0.05 V/ms 0 to 3V in 60ms 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 12  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Power-Up Timer Period tPWRT 10 ms Brown-Out Reset Voltage Delay tBORDC 1 µs VDD = VBOR - 1 TIMING Time to Communications Ready tCOMM_DLY 15 ms Time to First Conversion Ready tCONV_DLY 170 200 ms I/O PINS Output Low Voltage VOL 0.4 V ISINK_IO = 8mA Output High Voltage VOH VDD - 0.4 V ISOURCE_IO = 8mA Input High Voltage VIH 2.0 V Input Low Voltage VIL 0.8 V Leakage Current ILEAK ±5 µA powered or unpowered TA < 85°C pull-up voltage < 3.6V if unpowered SMBUS TIMING Input Capacitance CIN 5 pF Clock Frequency fSMB 10 400 kHz Spike Suppression tSP 50 ns Bus Free Time Stop to Start tBUF 1.3 µs Start Setup Time tSU:STA 0.6 µs Start Hold Time tHD:STA 0.6 µs Stop Setup Time tSU:STO 0.6 µs Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 µs When transmitting to the master Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0.3 µs When receiving from the master Data Setup Time tSU:DAT 0.6 µs Clock Low Period tLOW 1.3 µs Clock High Period tHIGH 0.6 µs Clock / Data Fall Time tFALL 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns Table 2.2 Electrical Specifications (continued) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNIT CONDITIONS 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 13 Clock / Data Rise Time tRISE 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns Capacitive Load CLOAD 400 pF per bus line Table 2.2 Electrical Specifications (continued) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNIT CONDITIONS 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 14  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 3 Communications 3.1 Communications The CAP1208 communicates using the SMBus or I2C protocol. 3.2 System Management Bus The CAP1208 communicates with a host controller, such as an MCHP SIO, through the SMBus. The SMBus is a two-wire serial communication protocol between a computer host and its peripheral devices. A detailed timing diagram is shown in Figure 3.1. Stretching of the SMCLK signal is supported; however, the CAP1208 will not stretch the clock signal. 3.2.1 SMBus Start Bit The SMBus Start bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘1’ state to a logic ‘0’ state while the SMBus Clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. 3.2.2 SMBus Address and RD / WR Bit The SMBus Address Byte consists of the 7-bit client address followed by the RD / WR indicator bit. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘0’, then the SMBus Host is writing data to the client device. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘1’, then the SMBus Host is reading data from the client device. The CAP1208-1 responds to SMBus address 0101_000(r/w). The CAP1208-2 responds to the SMBus address 0101_001(r/w). 3.2.3 SMBus Data Bytes All SMBus Data bytes are sent most significant bit first and composed of 8-bits of information. 3.2.4 SMBus ACK and NACK Bits The SMBus client will acknowledge all data bytes that it receives. This is done by the client device pulling the SMBus Data line low after the 8th bit of each byte that is transmitted. This applies to both the Write Byte and Block Write protocols. Figure 3.1 SMBus Timing Diagram SMDATA SMCLK TBUF P S S - Start Condition P - Stop Condition S P T LOW T HIGH T HD:STA T SU:STO T HD:STA T HD:DAT T SU:DAT T SU:STA T FALL T RISE 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 15 The Host will NACK (not acknowledge) the last data byte to be received from the client by holding the SMBus data line high after the 8th data bit has been sent. For the Block Read protocol, the Host will ACK each data byte that it receives except the last data byte. 3.2.5 SMBus Stop Bit The SMBus Stop bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘0’ state to a logic ‘1’ state while the SMBus clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. When the CAP1208 detects an SMBus Stop bit and it has been communicating with the SMBus protocol, it will reset its client interface and prepare to receive further communications. 3.2.6 SMBus Timeout The CAP1208 includes an SMBus timeout feature. Following a 30ms period of inactivity on the SMBus where the SMCLK pin is held low, the device will timeout and reset the SMBus interface. The timeout function defaults to disabled. It can be enabled by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 3.2.7 SMBus and I2C Compatibility The major differences between SMBus and I2C devices are highlighted here. For more information, refer to the SMBus 2.0 specification. 1. CAP1208 supports I2C fast mode at 400kHz. This covers the SMBus max time of 100kHz. 2. Minimum frequency for SMBus communications is 10kHz. 3. The SMBus client protocol will reset if the clock is held low longer than 30ms (timeout condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1208 by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have a timeout. 4. The SMBus client protocol will reset if both the clock and the data line are high for longer than 200us (idle condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1208 by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have an idle condition. 5. I2C devices do not support the Alert Response Address functionality (which is optional for SMBus). 6. I2C devices support block read and write differently. I2C protocol allows for unlimited number of bytes to be sent in either direction. The SMBus protocol requires that an additional data byte indicating number of bytes to read / write is transmitted. The CAP1208 supports I2C formatting only. 3.3 SMBus Protocols The CAP1208 is SMBus 2.0 compatible and supports Write Byte, Read Byte, Send Byte, and Receive Byte as valid protocols as shown below. All of the below protocols use the convention in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 Protocol Format DATA SENT TO DEVICE DATA SENT TO THE HOST Data sent Data sent 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 16  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.3.1 SMBus Write Byte The Write Byte is used to write one byte of data to a specific register as shown in Table 3.2. Note 3.1 CAP1208-1 only. For other addressing options, see Section 3.2.2. 3.3.2 SMBus Read Byte The Read Byte protocol is used to read one byte of data from the registers as shown in Table 3.3. Note 3.2 CAP1208-1 only. For other addressing options, see Section 3.2.2. 3.3.3 SMBus Send Byte The Send Byte protocol is used to set the internal address register pointer to the correct address location. No data is transferred during the Send Byte protocol as shown in Table 3.4. APPLICATION NOTE: The Send Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). Note 3.3 CAP1208-1 only. For other addressing options, see Section 3.2.2. 3.3.4 SMBus Receive Byte The Receive Byte protocol is used to read data from a register when the internal register address pointer is known to be at the right location (e.g. set via Send Byte). This is used for consecutive reads of the same register as shown in Table 3.5. APPLICATION NOTE: The Receive Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). Table 3.2 Write Byte Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK REGISTER DATA ACK STOP 1 ->0 0101_000 (Note 3.1) 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1 Table 3.3 Read Byte Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK START CLIENT ADDRESS RD ACK REGISTER DATA NACK STOP 1->0 0101_000 (Note 3.2) 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 (Note 3.2) 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 Table 3.4 Send Byte Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK STOP 1 -> 0 0101_000 (Note 3.3) 0 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 17 Note 3.4 CAP1208-1 only. For other addressing options, see Section 3.2.2. 3.4 I2C Protocols The CAP1208 supports I2C Block Read and Block Write. The protocols listed below use the convention in Table 3.1. 3.4.1 Block Read The Block Read is used to read multiple data bytes from a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3.6. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Read protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. Note 3.5 CAP1208-1 only. For other addressing options, see Section 3.2.2.. 3.4.2 Block Write The Block Write is used to write multiple data bytes to a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3.7. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Write protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. Table 3.5 Receive Byte Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS RD ACK REGISTER DATA NACK STOP 1 -> 0 0101_000 (Note 3.4) 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 Table 3.6 Block Read Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK START SLAVE ADDRESS RD ACK REGISTER DATA 1->0 0101_000 (Note 3.5) 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 (Note 3.5) 1 0 XXh ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK . . . REGISTER DATA NACK STOP 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 1 0 -> 1 Table 3.7 Block Write Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK REGISTER DATA ACK 1 ->0 0101_000 (Note 3.6) 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 18  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Note 3.6 CAP1208-1 only. For other addressing options, see Section 3.2.2.. REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK . . . REGISTER DATA ACK STOP XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 0 0 -> 1 Table 3.7 Block Write Protocol 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 19 Chapter 4 General Description The CAP1208 is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor. It contains eight (8) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. The CAP1208 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1208 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. Power consumption in the Standby state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. The device communicates with a host controller using SMBus / I2C. The host controller may poll the device for updated information at any time or it may configure the device to flag an interrupt whenever a touch is detected on any sensor pad. A typical system diagram is shown in Figure 4.1. Figure 4.1 System Diagram for CAP1208 CAP1208 CS6 SMDATA SMCLK Embedded Controller ALERT# CS7 CS8 CS3 CS2 CS1 CS4 CS5 Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button GND VDD 3.0V to 5.5V 10kOhm resistors 3.0V to 5.5V 0.1uF 1.0uF 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 20  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.1 Power States The CAP1208 has 3 power states depending on the status of the STBY and DSLEEP bits (see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register"). When the device transitions between power states, previously detected touches (for channels that are being de-activated) are cleared and the sensor input status bits are reset. 1. Active - The normal mode of operation. The device is monitoring capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Active state (see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register"). 2. Standby - When the STBY bit is set, the device is monitoring the capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). Interrupts can still be generated based on the enabled channels. The device will still respond to communications normally and can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the STBY bit. Power consumption in this state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. 3. Deep Sleep - When the DSLEEP bit is set, the device is in its lowest power state. It is not monitoring any capacitive sensor inputs. While in Deep Sleep, the CAP1208 can be awakened by SMBus communications targeting the device. This will not cause the DSLEEP to be cleared so the device will return to Deep Sleep once all communications have stopped. The device can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the DSLEEP bit. 4.2 Reset The Power-On Reset (POR) circuit holds the device in reset until VDD has reached an acceptable level, Power-on Reset Release Voltage (VPORR), for minimum operation. The power-up timer (PWRT) is used to extend the start-up period until all device operation conditions have been met. The power-up timer starts after VDD reaches VPORR. POR and PORR with slow rising VDD is shown in Figure 4.2. The Brown-Out Reset (BOR) circuit holds the device in reset when VDD falls to a minimum level, VBOR for longer than the BOR reset delay (tBORDC). After a BOR, when VDD rises above VPORR, the powerup timer is started again and must finish before reset is released, as shown in Figure 4.2. 4.3 Capacitive Touch Sensing The CAP1208 contains eight (8) independent capacitive touch sensor inputs. Each sensor input has dynamic range to detect a change of capacitance due to a touch. Additionally, each sensor input can be configured to be automatically and routinely recalibrated. Figure 4.2 POR and PORR With Slow Rising VDD and BOR with Falling VDD VDD VBOR TPWRT GND Undefined SYSRST VPOR VPORR TBORDC TPWRT 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 21 4.3.1 Capacitive Touch Sensing Settings Controls for managing capacitive touch sensor inputs are determined by the power state. 4.3.1.1 Active State Sensing Settings The Active state is used for normal operation. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Sensor Input Enable Register (see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Sensitivity Control Register (see Section 5.5, "Sensitivity Control Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register"). Each channel can have a separate touch detection threshold, as defined in the Sensor Input Threshold registers (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers"). 4.3.1.2 Standby State Sensing Settings The Standby state is used for standby operation. In general, fewer sensor inputs are enabled, and they are programmed to have more sensitivity. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Standby Channel Register (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Standby Sensitivity Register (see Section 5.23, "Standby Sensitivity Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.22, "Standby Configuration Register"). There is one touch detection threshold, which applies to all sensors enabled in Standby, as defined in the Standby Threshold Register (see Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register"). 4.3.2 Sensing Cycle Except when in Deep Sleep, the device automatically initiates a sensing cycle and repeats the cycle every time it finishes. The cycle polls through each enabled sensor input starting with CS1 and extending through CS8. As each capacitive touch sensor input is polled, its measurement is compared against a baseline “not touched” measurement. If the delta measurement is large enough to exceed the applicable threshold, a touch is detected and an interrupt can be generated (see Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The sensing cycle time is programmable (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register" and Section 5.22, "Standby Configuration Register"). If all enabled inputs can be sampled in less than the cycle time, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. If the number of active sensor inputs cannot be sampled within the specified cycle time, the cycle time is extended and the device is not placed in a lower power state. 4.4 Sensor Input Calibration Calibration sets the Base Count Registers (Section 5.25, "Sensor Input Base Count Registers") which contain the “not touched” values used for touch detection comparisons. Calibration automatically occurs after a power-on reset (POR), when sample time is changed, and whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (for example, when transitioning from a power state in which it was disabled to a power state in which it is enabled). During calibration, the analog sensing circuits are tuned to the capacitance of the untouched pad. Then, samples are taken from each sensor input so that a base count can be established. After calibration, the untouched delta counts are zero. APPLICATION NOTE: During the calibration routine, the sensor inputs will not detect a press for up to 200ms and the Sensor Base Count Register values will be invalid. In addition, any press on the corresponding sensor pads will invalidate the calibration. The host controller can force a calibration for selected sensor inputs at any time using the Calibration Activate and Status Register (Section 5.11, "Calibration Activate and Status Register"). When a bit is set, the corresponding capacitive touch sensor input will be calibrated (both analog and digital). The bit is automatically cleared once the calibration routine has successfully finished. 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 22  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. If analog calibration fails for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is not cleared in the Calibration Activate and Status Register, and the ACAL_FAIL bit is set in the General Status Register (Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. Analog calibration will fail if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. If digital calibration fails to generate base counts for a sensor input in the operating range, which is +12.5% from the ideal base count (see Table 4.1), indicating the base capacitance is out of range, the corresponding BC_OUTx bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register (Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), and the BC_OUT bit is set in the General Status Register (Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. By default, when a base count is out of limit, analog calibration is repeated for the sensor input; alternatively, the sensor input can be sampled using the out of limit base count (Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). During normal operation there are various options for recalibrating the capacitive touch sensor inputs. Recalibration is a digital adjustment of the base counts so that the untouched delta count is zero. After a recalibration, if a sensor input’s base count has shifted +12.5% from the ideal base count, a full calibration will be performed on the sensor input. 4.4.1 Automatic Recalibration Each sensor input is regularly recalibrated at a programmable rate (see CAL_CFG[2:0] in Section 5.18, "Recalibration Configuration Register"). By default, the recalibration routine stores the average 64 previous measurements and periodically updates the base “not touched” setting for the capacitive touch sensor input. APPLICATION NOTE: Automatic recalibration only works when the delta count is below the active sensor input threshold. It is disabled when a touch is detected. 4.4.2 Negative Delta Count Recalibration It is possible that the device loses sensitivity to a touch. This may happen as a result of a noisy environment, recalibration when the pad is touched but delta counts do not exceed the threshold, or other environmental changes. When this occurs, the base untouched sensor input may generate negative delta count values. The NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] bits (see Section 5.18, "Recalibration Configuration Register") can be set to force a recalibration after a specified number of consecutive negative delta readings. After a delayed recalibration (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration") the negative delta count recalibration can correct after the touch is released. APPLICATION NOTE: During this recalibration, the device will not respond to touches. 4.4.3 Delayed Recalibration It is possible that a “stuck button” occurs when something is placed on a button which causes a touch to be detected for a long period. By setting the MAX_DUR_EN bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"), a recalibration can be forced when a touch is held on a button for longer than the duration specified in the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register"). Table 4.1 Ideal Base Counts IDEAL BASE COUNT SAMPLE TIME 3,200 320us 6,400 640us 12,800 1.28ms 25,600 2.56ms 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 23 Note 4.1 Delayed recalibration only works when the delta count is above the active sensor input threshold. If enabled, it is invoked when a sensor pad touch is held longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings. Note 4.2 For the power button, which requires that the button be held longer than a regular button, the time specified by the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits is added to the time required to trigger the qualifying event. This will prevent the power button from being recalibrated during the time it is supposed to be held. 4.5 Power Button The CAP1208 has a “power button” feature. In general, buttons are set for quick response to a touch, especially when buttons are used for number keypads. However, there are cases where a quick response is not desired, such as when accidentally brushing the power button causes a device to turn off or on unexpectedly. The power button feature allows a sensor input to be designated as the “power button” (see Section 5.26, "Power Button Register"). The power button is configured so that a touch must be held on the button for a designated period of time before an interrupt is generated; different times can be selected for the Standby and the Active states (see Section 5.27, "Power Button Configuration Register"). The feature can also be enabled / disabled for both states separately. APPLICATION NOTE: For the power button feature to work in the Standby and/or Active states, the sensor input must be enabled in the applicable state. After the designated power button has been held for the designated time, an interrupt is generated and the PWR bit is set in the General Status Register (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.6 Multiple Touch Pattern Detection The multiple touch pattern (MTP) detection circuitry can be used to detect lid closure or other similar events. An event can be flagged based on either a minimum number of sensor inputs or on specific sensor inputs simultaneously exceeding an MTP threshold or having their Noise Flag Status Register bits set. An interrupt can also be generated. During an MTP event, all touches are blocked (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). 4.7 Noise Controls 4.7.1 Low Frequency Noise Detection Each sensor input has a low frequency noise detector that will sense if low frequency noise is injected onto the input with sufficient power to corrupt the readings. By default, if this occurs, the device will reject the corrupted sample (see DIS_ANA_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") and the corresponding bit is set to a logic ‘1’ in the Noise Flag Status register (see SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.7.2 RF Noise Detection Each sensor input contains an integrated RF noise detector. This block will detect injected RF noise on the CS pin. The detector threshold is dependent upon the noise frequency. By default, if RF noise is detected on a CS line, that sample is removed and not compared against the threshold (see DIS_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.7.3 Noise Status and Configuration The Noise Flag Status (see Section 5.3, "Noise Flag Status Registers") bits can be used to indicate RF and/or other noise. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in the Configuration Register (see Section 5.6, 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 24  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. "Configuration Registers") is set to 0, the Noise Flag Status bit for the capacitive sensor input is set if any analog noise is detected. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit is set to 1, the Noise Flag Status bits will only be set if RF noise is detected. The CAP1208 offers optional noise filtering controls for both analog and digital noise. For analog noise, there are options for whether the data should be considered invalid. By default, the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") will block a touch on a sensor input if low frequency analog noise is detected; the sample is discarded. By default, the DIS_RF_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h") will block a touch on a sensor input if RF noise is detected; the sample is discarded. For digital noise, sensor input noise thresholds can be set (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register"). If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Noise Threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold (Sensor Threshold (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") in the Active state or Sensor Standby Threshold in the Standby state (Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register")), it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. The DIS_DIG_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") can be set to discard samples that indicate a noise spike so they are not used in the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). 4.8 Interrupts Interrupts are indicated by the setting of the INT bit in the Main Control Register (see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register") and by assertion of the ALERT# pin. The ALERT# pin is cleared when the INT bit is cleared by the user. When the INT bit is cleared by the user, status bits may be cleared (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.8.1 ALERT# Pin The ALERT# pin is an active low output that is driven when an interrupt event is detected. 4.8.2 Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior Each sensor input can be programmed to enable / disable interrupts (see Section 5.12, "Interrupt Enable Register"). When enabled for a sensor input and the sensor input is not the designated power button, interrupts are generated in one of two ways: 1. An interrupt is generated when a touch is detected and, as a user selectable option, when a release is detected (by default - see INT_REL_n in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). See Figure 4.4. 2. If the repeat rate is enabled then, so long as the touch is held, another interrupt will be generated based on the programmed repeat rate (see Figure 4.3). When the repeat rate is enabled for a sensor input (see Section 5.13, "Repeat Rate Enable Register"), the device uses an additional control called MPRESS that determines whether a touch is flagged as a simple “touch” or a “press and hold” (see Section 5.9, "Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register"). The MPRESS[3:0] bits set a minimum press timer. When the button is touched, the timer begins. If the sensor pad is released before the minimum press timer expires, it is flagged as a touch and an interrupt (if enabled) is generated upon release. If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than this timer value, it is flagged as a “press and hold” event. So long as the touch is held, interrupts will be generated at the programmed repeat rate (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register") and upon release (if enabled). If a sensor input is the designated power button, an interrupt is not generated as soon as a touch is detected and repeat rate is not applicable. See Section 4.8.3, "Interrupts for the Power Button". 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 25 APPLICATION NOTE: Figure 4.3 and Figure 4.4 show default operation which is to generate an interrupt upon sensor pad release. APPLICATION NOTE: The host may need to poll the device twice to determine that a release has been detected. 4.8.3 Interrupts for the Power Button Interrupts are automatically enabled for the power button when the feature is enabled (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). A touch must be held on the power button for the designated period of time before an interrupt is generated. Figure 4.3 Sensor Interrupt Behavior - Repeat Rate Enabled Figure 4.4 Sensor Interrupt Behavior - No Repeat Rate Enabled Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Min Press Setting (280ms) Interrupt on Touch Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Interrupt on Touch Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 26  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.8.4 Interrupts for Multiple Touch Pattern Detection An interrupt can be generated when the MTP pattern is matched (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). 4.8.5 Interrupts for Sensor Input Calibration Failures An interrupt can be generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set, indicating the failure to complete analog calibration of one or more sensor inputs (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the ACAL_FAIL_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). An interrupt can be generated when the BC_OUT bit is set, indicating the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the BC_OUT_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 4.8.6 Interrupts for Reset When the CAP1208 comes out of reset, an interrupt is generated, and the RESET bit is set. 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 27 Chapter 5 Register Description The registers shown in Table 5.1 are accessible through the communications protocol. An entry of ‘-’ indicates that the bit is not used and will always read ‘0’. Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order REGISTER ADDRESS R/W REGISTER NAME FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE PAGE 00h R/W Main Control Controls power states and indicates an interrupt 00h Page 30 02h R/W General Status Stores general status bits 00h Page 31 03h R Sensor Input Status Returns the state of the sampled capacitive touch sensor inputs 00h Page 31 0Ah R Noise Flag Status Stores the noise flags for sensor inputs 00h Page 32 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS1 00h Page 33 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS2 00h Page 33 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS3 00h Page 33 13h R Sensor Input 4 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS4 00h Page 33 14h R Sensor Input 5 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS5 00h Page 33 15h R Sensor Input 6 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS6 00h Page 33 16h R Sensor Input 7 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS7 00h Page 33 17h R Sensor Input 8 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS8 00h Page 33 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control Controls the sensitivity of the threshold and delta counts and data scaling of the base counts 2Fh Page 33 20h R/W Configuration Controls general functionality 20h Page 35 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable Controls which sensor inputs are monitored in Active FFh Page 37 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration Controls max duration and autorepeat delay A4h Page 37 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 Controls the MPRESS (“press and hold”) setting 07h Page 39 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config Controls averaging and sampling window for Active 39h Page 40 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 28  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status Forces calibration for capacitive touch sensor inputs and indicates calibration failure 00h Page 42 27h R/W Interrupt Enable Determines which capacitive sensor inputs can generate interrupts FFh Page 43 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable Enables repeat rate for specific sensor inputs FFh Page 43 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Configuration Determines the number of simultaneous touches to flag a multiple touch condition 80h Page 44 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Determines the multiple touch pattern (MTP) configuration 00h Page 45 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Determines the pattern or number of sensor inputs used by the MTP circuitry FFh Page 46 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit Indicates whether sensor inputs have a base count out of limit 00h Page 47 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration Determines recalibration timing and sampling window 8Ah Page 48 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS1 40h Page 49 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS2 40h Page 49 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS3 40h Page 49 33h R/W Sensor Input 4 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS4 40h Page 49 34h R/W Sensor Input 5 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS5 40h Page 49 35h R/W Sensor Input 6 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS6 40h Page 49 36h R/W Sensor Input 7 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS7 40h Page 50 37h R/W Sensor Input 8 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS8 40h 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold Stores controls for selecting the noise threshold for all sensor inputs 01h Page 50 Standby Configuration Registers 40h R/W Standby Channel Controls which sensor inputs are enabled for Standby 00h Page 51 41h R/W Standby Configuration Controls averaging and sensing cycle time for Standby 39h Page 51 Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order (continued) REGISTER ADDRESS R/W REGISTER NAME FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE PAGE 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 29 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity Controls sensitivity settings used for Standby 02h Page 53 43h R/W Standby Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Standby 40h Page 54 44h R/W Configuration 2 Stores additional configuration controls for the device 40h Page 35 Base Count Registers 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 1 C8h Page 54 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 2 C8h Page 54 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 3 C8h Page 54 53h R Sensor Input 4 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 4 C8h Page 54 54h R Sensor Input 5 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 5 C8h Page 54 55h R Sensor Input 6 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 6 C8h Page 54 56h R Sensor Input 7 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 7 C8h Page 54 57h R Sensor Input 8 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 8 C8h Page 54 Power Button Registers 60h R/W Power Button Specifies the power button 00h Page 55 61h R/W Power Button Configuration Configures the power button feature 22h Page 55 Calibration Registers B1h R Sensor Input 1 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS1 00h Page 56 B2h R Sensor Input 2 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS2 00h Page 56 B3h R Sensor Input 3 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS3 00h Page 56 B4h R Sensor Input 4 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS4 00h Page 56 B5h R Sensor Input 5 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS5 00h Page 56 B6h R Sensor Input 6 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS6 00h Page 56 Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order (continued) REGISTER ADDRESS R/W REGISTER NAME FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE PAGE 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 30  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. During power-on reset (POR), the default values are stored in the registers. A POR is initiated when power is first applied to the part and the voltage on the VDD supply surpasses the POR level as specified in the electrical characteristics. When a bit is “set”, this means it’s at a logic ‘1’. When a bit is “cleared”, this means it’s at a logic ‘0’. 5.1 Main Control Register The Main Control register controls the primary power state of the device (see Section 4.1, "Power States"). Bit 5 - STBY - Enables Standby.  ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Standby state.  ‘1’ - The device is in the Standby state. Capacitive touch sensor input scanning is limited to the sensor inputs set in the Standby Channel register (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). The status registers will not be cleared until read. Sensor inputs that are no longer sampled will flag a release and then remain in a non-touched state. Bit 4 - DSLEEP - Enables Deep Sleep.  ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Deep Sleep state.  ‘1’ - The device is in the Deep Sleep state. All sensor input scanning is disabled. The status registers are automatically cleared and the INT bit is cleared. When this bit is set, the STBY bit has no effect. B7h R Sensor Input 7 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS7 00h Page 56 B8h R Sensor Input 8 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS8 00h Page 56 B9h R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS1 - CS4 00h Page 56 BAh R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 2 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS5 - CS8 00h Page 56 ID Registers FDh R Product ID Stores a fixed value that identifies the CAP1208 6Bh Page 57 FEh R Manufacturer ID Stores a fixed value that identifies MCHP 5Dh Page 57 FFh R Revision Stores a fixed value that represents the revision number 00h Page 57 Table 5.2 Main Control Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 00h R/W Main Control - - STBY DSLEEP - - - INT 00h Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order (continued) REGISTER ADDRESS R/W REGISTER NAME FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE PAGE 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 31 Bit 0 - INT - Indicates that there is an interrupt (see Section 4.8, "Interrupts"). When this bit is set, it asserts the ALERT# pin. If a channel detects a touch but interrupts are not enabled for that channel (see Section 5.12, "Interrupt Enable Register"), no action is taken. This bit is cleared by writing a logic ‘0’ to it. When this bit is cleared, the ALERT# pin will be deasserted, and all status registers will be cleared if the condition has been removed.  ‘0’ - No interrupt pending.  ‘1’ - An interrupt condition occurred, and the ALERT# pin has been asserted. 5.2 Status Registers All status bits are cleared when the device enters Deep Sleep (DSLEEP = ‘1’ - see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register"). 5.2.1 General Status - 02h Bit 6 - BC_OUT - Indicates that the base count is out of limit for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have base counts within the limit.  ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs have base counts in the operating range.  ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs has the base count out of limit. A status bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). Bit 5 - ACAL_FAIL - Indicates analog calibration failure for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have successfully completed analog calibration.  ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs were successfully calibrated.  ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs failed analog calibration. A status bit is set in the Calibration Active Register (see Section 5.11, "Calibration Activate and Status Register"). Bit 4 - PWR - Indicates that the designated power button has been held for the designated time (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if there is no longer a touch on the power button.  ‘0’ - The power button has not been held for the required time or is not enabled.  ‘1’ - The power button has been held for the required time. Bit 3 - RESET - Indicates that the device has come out of reset. This bit is set when the device exits a POR state. This bit will cause the INT bit to be set and is cleared when the INT bit is cleared. Bit 2 - MULT - Indicates that the device is blocking detected touches due to the Multiple Touch detection circuitry (see Section 5.14, "Multiple Touch Configuration Register"). This bit will not cause the INT bit to be set and hence will not cause an interrupt. Bit 1 - MTP - Indicates that the device has detected a number of sensor inputs that exceed the MTP threshold either via the pattern recognition or via the number of sensor inputs (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set if the Table 5.3 Status Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 02h R General Status - BC_ OUT ACAL _FAIL PWR RESET MULT MTP TOUCH 00h 03h R Sensor Input Status CS8 CS7 CS6 CS5 CS4 CS3 CS2 CS1 00h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 32  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MTP_ALERT bit is also set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if the condition that caused it to be set has been removed. Bit 0 - TOUCH - Indicates that a touch was detected. This bit is set if any bit in the Sensor Input Status register is set. 5.2.2 Sensor Input Status - 03h The Sensor Input Status Register stores status bits that indicate a touch has been detected. A value of ‘0’ in any bit indicates that no touch has been detected. A value of ‘1’ in any bit indicates that a touch has been detected. All bits are cleared when the INT bit is cleared and if a touch on the respective capacitive touch sensor input is no longer present. If a touch is still detected, the bits will not be cleared (but this will not cause the interrupt to be asserted). Bit 7 - CS8 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 8. Bit 6 - CS7 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 7. Bit 5 - CS6 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 6. Bit 4 - CS5 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 5. Bit 3 - CS4 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 4. Bit 2 - CS3 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 3. Bit 1 - CS2 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 2. Bit 0 - CS1 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 1. 5.3 Noise Flag Status Registers The Noise Flag Status registers store status bits that can be used to indicate that the analog block detected noise above the operating region of the analog detector or the RF noise detector (see Section 4.7.3, "Noise Status and Configuration"). These bits indicate that the most recently received data from the sensor input is invalid and should not be used for touch detection. So long as the bit is set for a particular channel, the delta count value is reset to 00h and thus no touch is detected. These bits are not sticky and will be cleared automatically if the analog block does not report a noise error. APPLICATION NOTE: If the MTP detection circuitry is enabled, these bits count as sensor inputs above the MTP threshold (see Section 4.6, "Multiple Touch Pattern Detection") even if the corresponding delta count is not. If the corresponding delta count also exceeds the MTP threshold, it is not counted twice. APPLICATION NOTE: Regardless of the state of the Noise Status bits, if low frequency noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit is set. As well, if RF noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_RF_NOISE bit is set. Table 5.4 Noise Flag Status Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 0Ah R Noise Flag Status CS8_ NOISE CS7_ NOISE CS6_ NOISE CS5_ NOISE CS4_ NOISE CS3_ NOISE CS2_ NOISE CS1_ NOISE 00h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 33 5.4 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers The Sensor Input Delta Count registers store the delta count that is compared against the threshold used to determine if a touch has been detected. The count value represents a change in input due to the capacitance associated with a touch on one of the sensor inputs and is referenced to a calibrated base “not touched” count value. The delta is an instantaneous change and is updated once per sensor input per sensing cycle (see Section 4.3.2, "Sensing Cycle"). The value presented is a standard 2’s complement number. In addition, the value is capped at a value of 7Fh. A reading of 7Fh indicates that the sensitivity settings are too high and should be adjusted accordingly (see Section 5.5). The value is also capped at a negative value of 80h for negative delta counts which may result upon a release. 5.5 Sensitivity Control Register The Sensitivity Control register controls the sensitivity of a touch detection. Bits 6-4 DELTA_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity of a touch detection for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance Table 5.5 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 13h R Sensor Input 4 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 14h R Sensor Input 5 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 15h R Sensor Input 6 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 16h R Sensor Input 7 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 17h R Sensor Input 8 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h Table 5.6 Sensitivity Control Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control - DELTA_SENSE[2:0] BASE_SHIFT[3:0] 2Fh 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 34  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches with higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitive settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a ΔC of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely, a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a ΔC of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). Bits 3 - 0 - BASE_SHIFT[3:0] - Controls the scaling and data presentation of the Base Count registers. The higher the value of these bits, the larger the range and the lower the resolution of the data presented. The scale factor represents the multiplier to the bit-weighting presented in these register descriptions. APPLICATION NOTE: The BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits normally do not need to be updated. These settings will not affect touch detection or sensitivity. These bits are sometimes helpful in analyzing the Cap Sensing board performance and stability. Table 5.7 DELTA_SENSE Bit Decode DELTA_SENSE[2:0] 210 SENSITIVITY MULTIPLIER 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) Table 5.8 BASE_SHIFT Bit Decode BASE_SHIFT[3:0] DATA SCALING 32 1 0 FACTOR 0 0 0 0 1x 0 0 0 1 2x 0 0 1 0 4x 0 0 1 1 8x 0 1 0 0 16x 0 1 0 1 32x 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 35 5.6 Configuration Registers The Configuration registers control general global functionality that affects the entire device. 5.6.1 Configuration - 20h Bit 7 - TIMEOUT - Enables the timeout and idle functionality of the SMBus protocol.  ‘0’ (default) - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are disabled. The SMBus interface will not time out if the clock line is held low. Likewise, it will not reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us.  ‘1’ - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are enabled. The SMBus interface will reset if the clock line is held low for longer than 30ms. Likewise, it will reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us. Bit 5 - DIS_DIG_NOISE - Determines whether the digital noise threshold (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register") is used by the device. Setting this bit disables the feature.  ‘0’ - The digital noise threshold is used. If a delta count value exceeds the noise threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold, the sample is discarded and not used for the automatic recalibration routine.  ‘1’ (default) - The noise threshold is disabled. Any delta count that is less than the touch threshold is used for the automatic recalibration routine. Bit 4 - DIS_ANA_NOISE - Determines whether the analog noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature.  ‘0’ (default) - If low frequency noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set.  ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if low frequency noise is detected. Bit 3 - MAX_DUR_EN - Determines whether the maximum duration recalibration is enabled. 0 1 1 0 64x 0 1 1 1 128x 1 0 0 0 256x All others 256x (default = 1111b) Table 5.9 Configuration Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 20h R/W Configuration TIME OUT - DIS_ DIG_ NOISE DIS_ ANA_ NOISE MAX_ DUR_EN - - - 20h 44h R/W Configuration 2 - BC_ OUT_ RECAL BLK_ PWR_ CTRL BC_ OUT_ INT SHOW_ RF_ NOISE DIS_ RF_ NOISE ACAL _FAIL _INT INT_ REL_ n 40h Table 5.8 BASE_SHIFT Bit Decode (continued) BASE_SHIFT[3:0] DATA SCALING 32 1 0 FACTOR 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 36  2014 Microchip Technology Inc.  ‘0’ (default) - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is disabled. A touch may be held indefinitely and no recalibration will be performed on any sensor input.  ‘1’ - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is enabled. If a touch is held for longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings (see Section 5.8), the recalibration routine will be restarted (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"). 5.6.2 Configuration 2 - 44h Bit 6 - BC_OUT_RECAL - Controls whether to retry analog calibration when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs.  ‘0’ - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input, the out of limit base count will be used for the sensor input.  ‘1’ (default) - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), analog calibration will be repeated on the sensor input. Bit 5 - BLK_PWR_CTRL - Determines whether the device will reduce power consumption while waiting between conversion time completion and the end of the sensing cycle.  ‘0’ (default) - The device will reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle.  ‘1’ - The device will not reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle. Bit 4 - BC_OUT_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs.  ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers").  ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the BC_OUT bit is set. Bit 3 - SHOW_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the Noise Status bits will show RF Noise as the only input source.  ‘0’ (default) - The Noise Status registers will show both RF noise and low frequency noise if either is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input.  ‘1’ - The Noise Status registers will only show RF noise if it is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input. Low frequency noise will still be detected and touches will be blocked normally; however, the status bits will not be updated. Bit 2 - DIS_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the RF noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature.  ‘0’ (default) - If RF noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set.  ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if RF noise is detected. Bit 1 - ACAL_FAIL_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when analog calibration fails for one or more sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration").  ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers").  ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set Bit 0 - INT_REL_n - Controls the interrupt behavior when a release is detected on a button (see Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior").  ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and again when a release is detected and at the repeat rate (if enabled - see Section 5.13).  ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and at the repeat rate but not when a release is detected. 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 37 5.7 Sensor Input Enable Register The Sensor Input Enable register determines whether a capacitive touch sensor input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The specified input is not included in the sensing cycle in the Active state.  ‘1’ (default) - The specified input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. Bit 7 - CS8_EN - Determines whether the CS8 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 6 - CS7_EN - Determines whether the CS7 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 5 - CS6_EN - Determines whether the CS6 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 4 - CS5_EN - Determines whether the CS5 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 3 - CS4_EN - Determines whether the CS4 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 2 - CS3_EN - Determines whether the CS3 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 1 - CS2_EN - Determines whether the CS2 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 0 - CS1_EN - Determines whether the CS1 input is monitored in the Active state. 5.8 Sensor Input Configuration Register The Sensor Input Configuration Register controls timings associated with the capacitive sensor inputs. Bits 7 - 4 - MAX_DUR[3:0] - (default 1010b) - Determines the maximum time that a sensor pad is allowed to be touched until the capacitive touch sensor input is recalibrated (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5.12. Table 5.10 Sensor Input Enable Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable CS8_EN CS7_EN CS6_EN CS5_EN CS4_EN CS3_EN CS2_EN CS1_EN FFh Table 5.11 Sensor Input Configuration Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration MAX_DUR[3:0] RPT_RATE[3:0] A4h Table 5.12 MAX_DUR Bit Decode MAX_DUR[3:0] 32 1 0 TIME BEFORE RECALIBRATION 0 0 0 0 560ms 0 0 0 1 840ms 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 38  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Bits 3 - 0 - RPT_RATE[3:0] - (default 0100b) Determines the time duration between interrupt assertions when auto repeat is enabled (see Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5.13. 0 0 1 0 1120ms 0 0 1 1 1400ms 0 1 0 0 1680ms 0 1 0 1 2240ms 0 1 1 0 2800ms 0 1 1 1 3360ms 1 0 0 0 3920ms 1 0 0 1 4480ms 1 0 1 0 5600ms (default) 1 0 1 1 6720ms 1 1 0 0 7840ms 1 1 0 1 8906ms 1 1 1 0 10080ms 1 1 1 1 11200ms Table 5.13 RPT_RATE Bit Decode RPT_RATE[3:0] 3 21 0 INTERRUPT REPEAT RATE 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms (default) 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms Table 5.12 MAX_DUR Bit Decode (continued) MAX_DUR[3:0] 32 1 0 TIME BEFORE RECALIBRATION 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 39 5.9 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register Bits 3 - 0 - M_PRESS[3:0] - (default 0111b) - Determines the minimum amount of time that sensor inputs configured to use auto repeat must detect a sensor pad touch to detect a “press and hold” event (see Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a “press and hold” event is detected. If a sensor input detects a touch for less than or equal to the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a touch event is detected. The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5.15. 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms Table 5.14 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 - - - - M_PRESS[3:0] 07h Table 5.15 M_PRESS Bit Decode M_PRESS[3:0] 3 21 0 M_PRESS SETTINGS 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms (default) 1 0 0 0 315ms Table 5.13 RPT_RATE Bit Decode (continued) RPT_RATE[3:0] 3 21 0 INTERRUPT REPEAT RATE 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 40  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.10 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register The Averaging and Sampling Configuration register controls the number of samples taken and the target sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. Bits 6 - 4 - AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all channels enabled in the Active state during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5.17. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. For example, if CS1, CS2, and CS3 are sampled during the sensing cycle, and the AVG[2:0] bits are set to take 4 samples per channel, then the full sensing cycle will be: CS1, CS1, CS1, CS1, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS3, CS3, CS3, CS3. 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms Table 5.16 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config - AVG[2:0] SAMP_TIME[1:0] CYCLE_TIME [1:0] 39h Table 5.17 AVG Bit Decode AVG[2:0] NUMBER OF SAMPLES TAKEN 2 10 PER MEASUREMENT 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 Table 5.15 M_PRESS Bit Decode (continued) M_PRESS[3:0] 3 21 0 M_PRESS SETTINGS 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 41 Bits 3 - 2 - SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample as shown in Table 5.18. Sample time affects the magnitude of the base counts, as shown in Table 4.1, "Ideal Base Counts". Bits 1 - 0 - CYCLE_TIME[1:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for channels enabled in the Active state, as shown in Table 5.19. All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (CYCLE_TIME[1:0]) is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 Table 5.18 SAMP_TIME Bit Decode SAMP_TIME[1:0] 1 0 SAMPLE TIME 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms Table 5.19 CYCLE_TIME Bit Decode CYCLE_TIME[1:0] PROGRAMMED SENSING CYCLE 1 0 TIME 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms Table 5.17 AVG Bit Decode (continued) AVG[2:0] NUMBER OF SAMPLES TAKEN 2 10 PER MEASUREMENT 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 42  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.11 Calibration Activate and Status Register The Calibration Activate and Status Register serves a dual function: 1. It forces the selected sensor inputs to be calibrated, affecting both the analog and digital blocks (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When one or more bits are set, the device performs the calibration routine on the corresponding sensor inputs. When the analog calibration routine is finished, the CALX[9:0] bits are updated (see Section 5.28, "Sensor Input Calibration Registers"). If the analog calibration routine completed successfully for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is automatically cleared. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, bits can be set by host or are automatically set by the device whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (such as coming out of Deep Sleep, after power-on reset, when a bit is set in the Sensor Enable Channel Enable register (21h) and the device is in the Active state, or when a bit is set in the Standby Channel Enable Register (40h) and the device is in the Standby state). 2. It serves as an indicator of an analog calibration failure. If any of the bits could not be cleared, the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). A bit will fail to clear if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits for failures unless the ACAL_FAIL bit is set. In addition, if a sensor input is newly enabled, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits until time has elapsed to complete calibration on the sensor input. Otherwise, the ACAL_FAIL bit may be set for one sensor input, but the newly enabled sensor input may still be set to ‘1’ in the Calibration Activate and Status, not because it failed, but because it has not been calibrated yet. For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - No action needed.  ‘1’ - Writing a ‘1’, forces a calibration on the corresponding sensor input. If the ACAL_FAIL flag is set and this bit is set (see application note above), the sensor input could not complete analog calibration. Bit 7 - CS8_CAL - Bit for CS8 input. Bit 6 - CS7_CAL - Bit for CS7 input. Bit 5 - CS6_CAL - Bit for CS6 input. Bit 4 - CS5_CAL - Bit for CS5 input. Bit 3 - CS4_CAL - Bit for CS4 input. Bit 2 - CS3_CAL - Bit for CS3 input. Bit 1 - CS2_CAL - Bit for CS2 input. Bit 0 - CS1_CAL - Bit for CS1 input. Table 5.20 Calibration Activate and Status Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status CS8_ CAL CS7_ CAL CS6_ CAL CS5_ CAL CS4_ CAL CS3_ CAL CS2_ CAL CS1_ CAL 00h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 43 APPLICATION NOTE: Writing a ‘0’ to clear a ‘1’ may cause a planned calibration to be skipped, if the calibration routine had not reached the sensor input yet. 5.12 Interrupt Enable Register The Interrupt Enable register determines whether a sensor pad touch or release (if enabled) causes an interrupt (see Section 4.8, "Interrupts"). For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The ALERT# pin will not be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input.  ‘1’ (default) - The ALERT# pin will be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input. Bit 7 - CS8_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS8 (associated with the CS8 status bit). Bit 6 - CS7_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS7 (associated with the CS7 status bit). Bit 5 - CS6_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS6 (associated with the CS6 status bit). Bit 4 - CS5_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS5 (associated with the CS5 status bit). Bit 3 - CS4_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS4 (associated with the CS4 status bit). Bit 2 - CS3_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS3 (associated with the CS3 status bit). Bit 1 - CS2_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS2 (associated with the CS2 status bit). Bit 0 - CS1_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS1 (associated with the CS1 status bit). 5.13 Repeat Rate Enable Register The Repeat Rate Enable register enables the repeat rate of the sensor inputs as described in Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior". Table 5.21 Interrupt Enable Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 27h R/W Interrupt Enable CS8_ INT_EN CS7_ INT_EN CS6_ INT_EN CS5_ INT_EN CS4_ INT_EN CS3_ INT_EN CS2_ INT_EN CS1_ INT_EN FFh Table 5.22 Repeat Rate Enable Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable CS8_ RPT_EN CS7_ RPT_EN CS6_ RPT_EN CS5_ RPT_EN CS4_ RPT_EN CS3_ RPT_EN CS2_ RPT_EN CS1_ RPT_EN FFh 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 44  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is disabled. It will only generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and when a release is detected (if enabled) no matter how long the touch is held.  ‘1’ (default) - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is enabled. In the case of a “touch” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and a release is detected (as determined by the INT_REL_n bit - see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). In the case of a “press and hold” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and at the repeat rate so long as the touch is held. Bit 7 - CS8_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 8. Bit 6 - CS7_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 7. Bit 5 - CS6_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 6. Bit 4 - CS5_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 5. Bit 3 - CS4_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 4. Bit 2 - CS3_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 3. Bit 1 - CS2_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 2. Bit 0 - CS1_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 1. 5.14 Multiple Touch Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch detection circuitry. These settings determine the number of simultaneous buttons that may be pressed before additional buttons are blocked and the MULT status bit is set. Bit 7 - MULT_BLK_EN - Enables the multiple button blocking circuitry.  ‘0’ - The multiple touch circuitry is disabled. The device will not block multiple touches.  ‘1’ (default) - The multiple touch circuitry is enabled. The device will flag the number of touches equal to programmed multiple touch threshold and block all others. It will remember which sensor inputs are valid and block all others until that sensor pad has been released. Once a sensor pad has been released, the N detected touches (determined via the sensing cycle order of CS1 - CS8) will be flagged and all others blocked. Bits 3 - 2 - B_MULT_T[1:0] - Determines the number of simultaneous touches on all sensor pads before a Multiple Touch Event is detected and sensor inputs are blocked. The bit decode is given by Table 5.24. Table 5.23 Multiple Touch Configuration ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Config MULT_ BLK_ EN - - - B_MULT_T[1:0] - - 80h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 45 5.15 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry. This circuitry works like the multiple touch detection circuitry with the following differences: 1. The detection threshold is a percentage of the touch detection threshold as defined by the MTP_TH[1:0] bits whereas the multiple touch circuitry uses the touch detection threshold. 2. The MTP detection circuitry either will detect a specific pattern of sensor inputs as determined by the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings or it will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings to determine a minimum number of sensor inputs that will cause the MTP circuitry to flag an event (see Section 5.16, "Multiple Touch Pattern Register"). When using pattern recognition mode, if all of the sensor inputs set by the Multiple Touch Pattern register have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have their corresponding Noise Flag Status bits set, the MTP bit will be set. When using the absolute number mode, if the number of sensor inputs with thresholds above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than this number, the MTP bit will be set. 3. When an MTP event occurs, all touches are blocked and an interrupt is generated. 4. All sensor inputs will remain blocked so long as the requisite number of sensor inputs are above the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Once this condition is removed, touch detection will be restored. Note that the MTP status bit is only cleared by writing a ‘0’ to the INT bit once the condition has been removed. Bit 7 - MTP_EN - Enables the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry.  ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry is disabled.  ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry is enabled. Bits 3 - 2 - MTP_TH[1:0] - Determine the MTP threshold, as shown in Table 5.26. This threshold is a percentage of sensor input threshold (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") for inputs enabled in the Active state or of the standby threshold (see Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register") for inputs enabled in the Standby state. Table 5.24 B_MULT_T Bit Decode B_MULT_T[1:0] 1 0 NUMBER OF SIMULTANEOUS TOUCHES 0 0 1 (default) 01 2 10 3 11 4 Table 5.25 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Config MTP_ EN - - - MTP_TH[1:0] COMP_ PTRN MTP_ ALERT 00h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 46  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Bit 1 - COMP_PTRN - Determines whether the MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register as a specific pattern of sensor inputs or as an absolute number of sensor inputs.  ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register bit settings as an absolute minimum number of sensor inputs that must be above the threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. The number will be equal to the number of bits set in the register.  ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry will use pattern recognition. Each bit set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register indicates a specific sensor input that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have a Noise Flag Status bit set. If the criteria are met, the MTP status bit will be set. Bit 0 - MTP_ALERT - Enables an interrupt if an MTP event occurs. In either condition, the MTP status bit will be set.  ‘0’ (default) - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin is not asserted.  ‘1’ - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin will be asserted. 5.16 Multiple Touch Pattern Register The Multiple Touch Pattern register acts as a pattern to identify an expected sensor input profile for diagnostics or other significant events. There are two methods for how the Multiple Touch Pattern register is used: as specific sensor inputs or number of sensor input that must exceed the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Which method is used is based on the COMP_PTRN bit (see Section 5.15). The methods are described below. 1. Specific Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the specific sensor inputs above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set match those bits set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register, an MTP event is flagged. 2. Number of Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the number of sensor inputs with a delta count above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than the number of pattern bits set, an MTP event is flagged. Table 5.26 MTP_TH Bit Decode MTP_TH[1:0] 1 0 THRESHOLD DIVIDE SETTING 0 0 12.5% (default) 0 1 25% 1 0 37.5% 1 1 100% Table 5.27 Multiple Touch Pattern Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern CS8_ PTRN CS7_ PTRN CS6_ PTRN CS5_ PTRN CS4_ PTRN CS3_ PTRN CS2_ PTRN CS1_ PTRN FFh 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 47 For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The specified sensor input is not considered a part of the pattern.  ‘1’ - The specified sensor input is considered a part of the pattern, or the absolute number of sensor inputs that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have the Noise Flag Status bit set is increased by 1. Bit 7 - CS8_PTRN - Determines whether CS8 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 6 - CS7_PTRN - Determines whether CS7 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 5 - CS6_PTRN - Determines whether CS6 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 4 - CS5_PTRN - Determines whether CS5 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 3 - CS4_PTRN - Determines whether CS4 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 2 - CS3_PTRN - Determines whether CS3 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 1 - CS2_PTRN - Determines whether CS2 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 0 - CS1_PTRN - Determines whether CS1 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. 5.17 Base Count Out of Limit Register The Base Count Out of Limit Register indicates which sensor inputs have base counts out of limit (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When these bits are set, the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The base count for the specified sensor input is in the operating range.  ‘1’ - The base count of the specified sensor input is not in the operating range. Bit 7 - BC_OUT_8 - Indicates whether CS8 has a base count out of limit. Bit 6 - BC_OUT_7 - Indicates whether CS7 has a base count out of limit. Bit 5 - BC_OUT_6 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 4 - BC_OUT_5 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 3 - BC_OUT_4 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 2 - BC_OUT_3 - Indicates whether CS3 has a base count out of limit. Bit 1 - BC_OUT_2 - Indicates whether CS2 has a base count out of limit. Bit 0 - BC_OUT_1 - Indicates whether CS1 has a base count out of limit. Table 5.28 Base Count Out of Limit Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit BC_ OUT_ 8 BC_ OUT_ 7 BC_ OUT_ 6 BC_ OUT_ 5 BC_ OUT_ 4 BC_ OUT_ 3 BC_ OUT_ 2 BC_ OUT_ 1 00h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 48  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.18 Recalibration Configuration Register The Recalibration Configuration register controls some recalibration routine settings (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration") as well as advanced controls to program the Sensor Input Threshold register settings. Bit 7 - BUT_LD_TH - Enables setting all Sensor Input Threshold registers by writing to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register.  ‘0’ - Each Sensor Input X Threshold register is updated individually.  ‘1’ (default) - Writing the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will automatically overwrite the Sensor Input Threshold registers for all sensor inputs (Sensor Input Threshold 1 through Sensor Input Threshold 8). The individual Sensor Input X Threshold registers (Sensor Input 2 Threshold through Sensor Input 8 Threshold) can be individually updated at any time. Bit 6 - NO_CLR_INTD - Controls whether the accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set.  ‘0’ (default) - The accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set.  ‘1’ - The accumulation of intermediate data is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. APPLICATION NOTE: Bits 5 and 6 should both be set to the same value. Either both should be set to ‘0’ or both should be set to ‘1’. Bit 5 - NO_CLR_NEG - Controls whether the consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set.  ‘0’ (default) - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set.  ‘1’ - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. Bits 4 - 3 - NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] - Determines the number of negative delta counts necessary to trigger a digital recalibration (see Section 4.4.2, "Negative Delta Count Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5.30. Bits 2 - 0 - CAL_CFG[2:0] - Determines the update time and number of samples of the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). The settings apply to all sensor Table 5.29 Recalibration Configuration Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration BUT_ LD_TH NO_CLR _INTD NO_CLR _NEG NEG_DELTA_ CNT[1:0] CAL_CFG[2:0] 8Ah Table 5.30 NEG_DELTA_CNT Bit Decode NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] NUMBER OF CONSECUTIVE NEGATIVE DELTA 1 0 COUNT VALUES 00 8 0 1 16 (default) 1 0 32 1 1 None (disabled) 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 49 inputs universally (though individual sensor inputs can be configured to support recalibration - see Section 5.11). Note 5.1 Recalibration Samples refers to the number of samples that are measured and averaged before the Base Count is updated however does not control the base count update period. Note 5.2 Update Time refers to the amount of time (in sensing cycle periods) that elapses before the Base Count is updated. The time will depend upon the number of channels enabled, the averaging setting, and the programmed sensing cycle time. 5.19 Sensor Input Threshold Registers Table 5.31 CAL_CFG Bit Decode CAL_CFG[2:0] RECALIBRATION SAMPLES (SEE Note 5.1) UPDATE TIME (SEE 210 Note 5.2) 0 0 0 16 16 0 0 1 32 32 0 1 0 64 64 (default) 0 1 1 128 128 1 0 0 256 256 1 0 1 256 1024 1 1 0 256 2048 1 1 1 256 4096 Table 5.32 Sensor Input Threshold Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 33h R/W Sensor Input 4 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 34h R/W Sensor Input 5 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 35h R/W Sensor Input 6 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 50  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. The Sensor Input Threshold registers store the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. When the BUT_LD_TH bit is set (see Section 5.18 - bit 7), writing data to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will update all of the Sensor Input Threshold registers (31h - 37h inclusive). 5.20 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register The Sensor Input Noise Threshold register controls the value of a secondary internal threshold to detect noise and improve the automatic recalibration routine. If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Input Noise Threshold but does not exceed the sensor input threshold, it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. That sample is not used by the automatic recalibration routine. This feature can be disabled by setting the DIS_DIG_NOISE bit. Bits 1-0 - CS1_BN_TH[1:0] - Controls the noise threshold for all capacitive touch sensor inputs, as shown in Table 5.34. The threshold is proportional to the threshold setting. 36h R/W Sensor Input 7 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 37h R/W Sensor Input 8 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h Table 5.33 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold - - ---- CS_BN_TH [1:0] 01h Table 5.34 CSx_BN_TH Bit Decode CS_BN_TH[1:0] 1 0 PERCENT THRESHOLD SETTING 0 0 25% 0 1 37.5% (default) 1 0 50% 1 1 62.5% Table 5.32 Sensor Input Threshold Registers (continued) ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 51 5.21 Standby Channel Register The Standby Channel register controls which (if any) capacitive touch sensor inputs are enabled in Standby (see Section 4.3.1.2, "Standby State Sensing Settings"). For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ (default) - The specified channel will not be monitored in Standby.  ‘1’ - The specified channel will be monitored in Standby. It will use the standby threshold setting, and the standby averaging and sensitivity settings. Bit 7 - CS8_STBY - Controls whether the CS8 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 6 - CS7_STBY - Controls whether the CS7 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 5 - CS6_STBY - Controls whether the CS6 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 4 - CS5_STBY - Controls whether the CS5 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 3 - CS4_STBY - Controls whether the CS4 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 2 - CS3_STBY - Controls whether the CS3 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 1 - CS2_STBY - Controls whether the CS2 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 0 - CS1_STBY - Controls whether the CS1 channel is enabled in Standby. 5.22 Standby Configuration Register The Standby Configuration register controls averaging and sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. This register allows the user to change averaging and sample times on a limited number of sensor inputs in Standby and still maintain normal functionality in the Active state. Bit 7 - AVG_SUM - Determines whether the sensor inputs enabled in Standby will average the programmed number of samples or whether they will accumulate for the programmed number of samples.  ‘0’ - (default) - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the average of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold.  ‘1’ - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the summation of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold. Caution should be used with this setting as a touch may overflow the delta count registers and may result in false readings. Table 5.35 Standby Channel Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 40h R/W Standby Channel CS8_ STBY CS7_ STBY CS6_ STBY CS5_ STBY CS4_ STBY CS3_ STBY CS2_ STBY CS1_ STBY 00h Table 5.36 Standby Configuration Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 41h R/W Standby Configuration AVG_ SUM STBY_AVG[2:0] STBY_SAMP_ TIME[1:0] STBY_CY_TIME [1:0] 39h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 52  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Bits 6 - 4 - STBY_AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all Standby enabled channels during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5.37. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. Bit 3 - 2 - STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample for sensor inputs enabled in Standby as shown in Table 5.38. Bits 1 - 0 - STBY_CY_TIME[2:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled during Standby, as shown in Table 5.39. All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. Table 5.37 STBY_AVG Bit Decode STBY_AVG[2:0] NUMBER OF SAMPLES TAKEN 2 10 PER MEASUREMENT 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 Table 5.38 STBY_SAMP_TIME Bit Decode STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] 1 0 SAMPLING TIME 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms Table 5.39 STBY_CY_TIME Bit Decode STBY_CY_TIME[1:0] PROGRAMMED SENSING CYCLE 1 0 TIME 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 53 APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (STDBY_CY_TIME[1:0] is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The STBY_AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 5.23 Standby Sensitivity Register The Standby Sensitivity register controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. Bits 2 - 0 - STBY_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs that are enabled in Standby. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches than higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitivity settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a ΔC of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a ΔC of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms Table 5.40 Standby Sensitivity Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity - - - - - STBY_SENSE[2:0] 02h Table 5.41 STBY_SENSE Bit Decode STBY_SENSE[2:0] 210 SENSITIVITY MULTIPLIER 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x Table 5.39 STBY_CY_TIME Bit Decode (continued) STBY_CY_TIME[1:0] PROGRAMMED SENSING CYCLE 1 0 TIME 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 54  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.24 Standby Threshold Register The Standby Threshold register stores the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. 5.25 Sensor Input Base Count Registers 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) Table 5.42 Standby Threshold Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 43h R/W Standby Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h Table 5.43 Sensor Input Base Count Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 53h R Sensor Input 4 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 54h R Sensor Input 5 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 55h R Sensor Input 6 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 56h R Sensor Input 7 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 57h R Sensor Input 8 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h Table 5.41 STBY_SENSE Bit Decode (continued) STBY_SENSE[2:0] 210 SENSITIVITY MULTIPLIER 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 55 The Sensor Input Base Count registers store the calibrated “not touched” input value from the capacitive touch sensor inputs. These registers are periodically updated by the calibration and recalibration routines. The routine uses an internal adder to add the current count value for each reading to the sum of the previous readings until sample size has been reached. At this point, the upper 16 bits are taken and used as the Sensor Input Base Count. The internal adder is then reset and the recalibration routine continues. The data presented is determined by the BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits (see Section 5.5). 5.26 Power Button Register The Power Button Register indicates the sensor input that has been designated as the power button (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). Bits 2 - 0 - PWR_BTN[2:0] - When the power button feature is enabled, this control indicates the sensor input to be used as the power button. The decode is shown in Table 5.45. 5.27 Power Button Configuration Register Table 5.44 Power Button Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 60h R/W Power Button - - - - - PWR_BTN[2:0] 00h Table 5.45 PWR_BTN Bit Decode PWR_BTN[2:0] 210 SENSOR INPUT DESIGNATED AS POWER BUTTON 0 0 0 CS1 0 0 1 CS2 0 1 0 CS3 0 1 1 CS4 1 0 0 CS5 1 0 1 CS6 1 1 0 CS7 1 1 1 CS8 Table 5.46 Power Button Configuration Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 61h R/W Power Button Configuration - STBY_ PWR_ EN STBY_PWR_ TIME [1:0] - PWR_ EN PWR_TIME [1:0] 22h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 56  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. The Power Button Configuration Register controls the length of time that the designated power button must indicate a touch before an interrupt is generated and the power status indicator is set (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). Bit 6 - STBY_PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Standby state.  ‘0’ (default) - The Standby power button circuitry is disabled.  ‘1’ - The Standby power button circuitry is enabled. Bits 5 - 4 - STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5.47, that the power button must be held in the Standby state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. Bit 2 - PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Active state.  ‘0’ (default) - The power button circuitry is disabled in the Active state.  ‘1’ -The power button circuitry is enabled in the Active state. Bits 1 - 0 - PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5.47, that the power button must be held in the Active state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. 5.28 Sensor Input Calibration Registers Table 5.47 Power Button Time Bits Decode PWR_TIME[1:0] / STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] 1 0 POWER BUTTON TOUCH HOLD TIME 0 0 280ms 0 1 560ms 1 0 1.12 sec (default) 1 1 2.24 sec Table 5.48 Sensor Input Calibration Registers ADDR REGISTER R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT B1h Sensor Input 1 Calibration R CAL1_9 CAL1_8 CAL1_7 CAL1_6 CAL1_5 CAL1_4 CAL1_3 CAL1_2 00h B2h Sensor Input 2 Calibration R CAL2_9 CAL2_8 CAL2_7 CAL2_6 CAL2_5 CAL2_4 CAL2_3 CAL2_2 00h B3h Sensor Input 3 Calibration R CAL3_9 CAL3_8 CAL3_7 CAL3_6 CAL3_5 CAL3_4 CAL3_3 CAL3_2 00h B4h Sensor Input 4 Calibration R CAL4_9 CAL4_8 CAL4_7 CAL4_6 CAL4_5 CAL4_4 CAL4_3 CAL4_2 00h B5h Sensor Input 5 Calibration R CAL5_9 CAL5_8 CAL5_7 CAL5_6 CAL5_5 CAL5_4 CAL5_3 CAL5_2 00h B6h Sensor Input 6 Calibration R CAL6_9 CAL6_8 CAL6_7 CAL6_6 CAL6_5 CAL6_4 CAL6_3 CAL6_2 00h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 57 The Sensor Input Calibration registers hold the 10-bit value that represents the last calibration value. The value represents the capacitance applied to the internal sensing circuits to balance the capacitance of the sensor input pad. Minimum (000h) and maximum (3FFh) values indicate analog calibration failure (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). 5.29 Product ID Register The Product ID register stores a unique 8-bit value that identifies the device. 5.30 Manufacturer ID Register The Vendor ID register stores an 8-bit value that represents MCHP. 5.31 Revision Register The Revision register stores an 8-bit value that represents the part revision. B7h Sensor Input 7 Calibration R CAL7_9 CAL7_8 CAL7_7 CAL7_6 CAL7_5 CAL7_4 CAL7_3 CAL7_2 00h B8h Sensor Input 8 Calibration R CAL8_9 CAL8_8 CAL8_7 CAL8_6 CAL8_5 CAL8_4 CAL8_3 CAL8_2 00h B9h Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 R CAL4_1 CAL4_0 CAL3_1 CAL3_0 CAL2_1 CAL2_0 CAL1_1 CAL1_0 00h BAh Sensor Input Calibration LSB 2 R CAL8_1 CAL8_0 CAL7_1 CAL7_0 CAL6_1 CAL6_0 CAL5_1 CAL5_0 00h Table 5.49 Product ID Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT FDh R Product ID CAP1208 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 6Bh Table 5.50 Vendor ID Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT FEh R Manufacturer ID 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 5Dh Table 5.51 Revision Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT FFh R Revision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h Table 5.48 Sensor Input Calibration Registers (continued) ADDR REGISTER R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 58  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 6 Package Information 6.1 CAP1208 Package Drawings Figure 6.1 CAP1208 Package Drawing - 16-Pin QFN 3mm x 3mm 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 59 Figure 6.2 CAP1208 Package Dimensions - 16-Pin QFN 3mm x 3mm 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 60  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Figure 6.3 CAP1208 PCB Land Pattern and Stencil - 16-Pin QFN 3mm x 3mm 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 61 6.2 Package Marking Figure 6.4 CAP1208-1 Package Marking Figure 6.5 CAP1208-2 Package Marking BOTTOM LINE 1: Device code, first 2 of last 6 digits of lot number LINE 2: Last 4 digits of lot number TOP e3 PIN 1 BOTTOM MARKING IS NOT ALLOWED 2 B L L L L L L BOTTOM LINE 1: Device code, first 2 of last 6 digits of lot number LINE 2: Last 4 digits of lot number TOP e3 PIN 1 BOTTOM MARKING IS NOT ALLOWED H 2 L L L L L L 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 62  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Appendix A Device Delta A.1 Delta from CAP1128 / CAP1188 to CAP1208 1. Revision ID set to 00h. 2. Pinout changed. RESET, WAKE, and ADDR_COMM pins removed. LED pins removed. SPI pins / muxing also removed. Added GND pin as ground slug is no longer used for ground connection. 3. Reduced package size from a 20-pin 4mm x 4mm QFN to a 16-pin 3mm x 3mm QFN. 4. Added ACAL_FAIL bit to flag analog calibration failures (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and ACAL_FAIL_INT bit to control analog calibration failure interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 5. Added BC_OUT bit to flag calibration failures regarding base counts out of limit (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and BC_OUT_RECAL and BC_OUT_INT bit to control base count out of limit behavior and interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Added Base Count Out of Limit Register to indicate which sensor inputs have base counts outside the operating range (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). 6. Added Power Button feature (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). 7. Increased supply voltage range for 5V operation. 8. Increased operating temperature range from 0°C - 85°C to -40°C to 125°C. 9. Removed proximity detection gain. 10. LEDs removed. 11. SMBus address fixed at 0101_000(r/w). 12. Removed SPI communications protocol option. 13. Removed RESET pin function. 14. Removed WAKE pin function. 15. Removed ALERT pin configuration. 16. Register set changes are shown in Table A.1, "Register Delta". Table A.1 Register Delta ADDRESS REGISTER DELTA DELTA DEFAULT 00h Page 30 Removed bits - Main Control Register Removed GAIN[1:0] bits. 00h 02h Page 31 Added bits - General Status Register Added bit 4 PWR for new Power Button feature. Added bit 5 ACAL_FAIL to indicate analog calibration failure. Added bit 6 BC_OUT. Removed bit 4 LED status. 00h 04h Removed - LED Status Register removed register n/a 20h Page 35 Removed bit - Configuration Register Removed bit 6 WAKE_CFG. 20h 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 63 26h Page 42 Renamed Calibration Activate and Status Register and added functionality In addition to forcing a calibration, the register also indicates the status of calibration for each sensor input. 00h 2Eh Page 47 New - Base Count Out of Limit Register new register for calibration status 00h 44h Page 35 Added and removed bits - Configuration 2 Register Added bit 1 ACAL_FAIL_INT. Changed bit 4 from BLK_POL_MIR to BC_OUT_INT. Changed bit 6 from ALT_POL to BC_OUT_RECAL. Removed bit 7 INV_LINK_TRAN. 40h 60h Page 55 New - Power Button Register new register for Power Button feature 00h 61h Page 55 New - Power Button Configuration Register new register for configuring the Power Button feature 00h 71h Removed - LED Output Type Register removed register n/a 72h Removed - Sensor Input LED Linking Register removed register n/a 73h Removed - LED Polarity Register removed register n/a 74h Removed - LED Output Control Register removed register n/a 77h Removed - Linked LED Transition Control Register removed register n/a 79h Removed - LED Mirror Control Register removed register n/a 81h Removed - LED 1 Behavior Register removed register n/a 82h Removed - LED Behavior Register 2 removed register n/a 84h Removed - LED Pulse 1 Period removed register n/a 85h Removed - LED Pulse 2 Period removed register n/a 86h Removed - LED Breathe Period Register removed register n/a 88h Removed - LED Config Register removed register n/a 90h Removed - LED Pulse 1 Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a Table A.1 Register Delta (continued) ADDRESS REGISTER DELTA DELTA DEFAULT 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 64  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 91h Removed - LED Pulse 2 Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 92h Removed - LED Breathe Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 93h Removed - LED Direct Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 94h Removed - LED Direct Ramp Rates Register removed register n/a 95h Removed - LED Off Delay removed register n/a FDh Page 57 Changed - Product ID New product ID for CAP1208 6Bh FFh Page 57 Changed - Revision Register Revision changed. 00h Table A.1 Register Delta (continued) ADDRESS REGISTER DELTA DELTA DEFAULT 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001570B-page 65 Chapter 7 Revision History Table 7.1 Revision History REVISION LEVEL AND DATE SECTION/FIGURE/ENTRY CORRECTION CAP1208 Revision B Added CAP1208-2 information to the following sections: Ordering information Section 3.2.2, "SMBus Address and RD / WR Bit" Table 3.2, "Write Byte Protocol" Table 3.3, "Read Byte Protocol" Table 3.4, "Send Byte Protocol" Table 3.5, "Receive Byte Protocol" Table 3.6, "Block Read Protocol" Table 3.7, "Block Write Protocol" Added Figure 6.5, "CAP1208-2 Package Marking" Updated Worldwide Sales and Service Listing CAP1208 Revision A replaces the previous SMSC version Revision 1.0 8-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor Datasheet DS00001570B-page 66  2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 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 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 1 PRODUCT FEATURES Datasheet CAP1296 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard General Description The CAP1296 which incorporates RightTouch® technology, is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor. It contains six (6) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. In addition, the CAP1296 can be configured to detect proximity on one or more channels with an optional signal guard to reduce noise sensitivity and to isolate the proximity antenna from nearby conductive surfaces that would otherwise attenuate the e-field. The CAP1296 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1296 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. The Combo state allows a combination of sensor input controls to be used which enables one or more sensor inputs to operate as buttons while another sensor input is operating as a proximity detector. Power consumption in the Standby and Combo states is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. Applications  Desktop and Notebook PCs  LCD Monitors  Consumer Electronics  Appliances Features  Six (6) Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs — Programmable sensitivity — Automatic recalibration — Calibrates for parasitic capacitance — Individual thresholds for each button  Proximity Detection  Signal Guard — Isolates the proximity antenna from attenuation — Reduces system noise sensitivity effects on inputs  Multiple Button Pattern Detection  Power Button Support  Press and Hold Feature for Volume-like Applications  3.3V or 5V Supply  Analog Filtering for System Noise Sources  RF Detection and Avoidance Filters  Digital EMI Blocker  8kV ESD Rating on All Pins (HBM)  Low Power Operation — 5µA quiescent current in Deep Sleep — 50µA quiescent current in Standby (1 sensor input monitored) — Samples one or more channels in Standby  SMBus / I2C Compliant Communication Interface  Available in a 10-pin 3mm x 3mm DFN RoHS compliant package Block Diagram SMBus Protocol VDD GND Capacitive Touch Sensing Algorithm CS1 CS2 CS4 CS5 SMCLK SMDATA ALERT# CS6 CS3 / SG Reel size is 4,000 pieces for 10-pin DFN This product meets the halogen maximum concentration values per IEC61249-2-21 ORDERING NUMBER PACKAGE FEATURES CAP1296-1-AIA-TR 10-pin DFN 3mm x 3mm (RoHS compliant) Six capacitive touch sensor inputs, SMBus interface, SMBus address 0101_000(r/w). Proximity and signal guard. 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 2  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Ordering Information: 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 3 Table of Contents Chapter 1 Pin Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Chapter 2 Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Chapter 3 Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.1 Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2 System Management Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.1 SMBus Start Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.2 SMBus Address and RD / WR Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.3 SMBus Data Bytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.4 SMBus ACK and NACK Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.2.5 SMBus Stop Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2.6 SMBus Timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2.7 SMBus and I2C Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.3 SMBus Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.3.1 SMBus Write Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3.2 SMBus Read Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3.3 SMBus Send Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3.4 SMBus Receive Byte. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.4 I2C Protocols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.4.1 Block Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.4.2 Block Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Chapter 4 General Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.1 Power States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.2 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.3 Capacitive Touch Sensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.3.1 Capacitive Touch Sensing Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.3.1.1 Active State Sensing Settings........................................................................................20 4.3.1.2 Standby State Sensing Settings ....................................................................................20 4.3.1.3 Combo State Sensing Settings ......................................................................................21 4.3.2 Sensing Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.4 Sensor Input Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.4.1 Automatic Recalibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.4.2 Negative Delta Count Recalibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.4.3 Delayed Recalibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.5 Proximity Detection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.5.1 Signal Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.6 Power Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.7 Multiple Touch Pattern Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8 Noise Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8.1 Low Frequency Noise Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8.2 RF Noise Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8.3 Noise Status and Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.9 Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.9.1 ALERT# Pin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4.9.2 Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4.9.3 Interrupts for the Power Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.9.4 Interrupts for Multiple Touch Pattern Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.9.5 Interrupts for Sensor Input Calibration Failures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 4  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 5 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 5.1 Main Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5.2 Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.2.1 General Status - 02h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.2.2 Sensor Input Status - 03h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.3 Noise Flag Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.4 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.5 Sensitivity Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.6 Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.6.1 Configuration - 20h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.6.2 Configuration 2 - 44h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.7 Sensor Input Enable Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 5.8 Sensor Input Configuration Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 5.9 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 5.10 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 5.11 Calibration Activate and Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.12 Interrupt Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 5.13 Repeat Rate Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 5.14 Signal Guard Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 5.15 Multiple Touch Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 5.16 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 5.17 Multiple Touch Pattern Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 5.18 Base Count Out of Limit Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 5.19 Recalibration Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 5.20 Sensor Input Threshold Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 5.21 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 5.22 Standby Channel Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 5.23 Standby Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 5.24 Standby Sensitivity Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.25 Standby Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.26 Sensor Input Base Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5.27 Power Button Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5.28 Power Button Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 5.29 Sensor Input Calibration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.30 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 5.31 Product ID Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 5.32 Manufacturer ID Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 5.33 Revision Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Chapter 6 Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 6.1 CAP1296 Package Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 6.2 Package Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Appendix ADevice Delta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 A.1 Delta from CAP1106-1 to CAP1296-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Revision History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 5 List of Figures Figure 1.1 CAP1296-1 Pin Diagram (10-Pin 3 x 3 mm DFN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Figure 3.1 SMBus Timing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Figure 4.1 System Diagram for CAP1296 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Figure 4.2 POR and PORR With Slow Rising VDD and BOR with Falling VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Figure 4.3 Signal Guard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Figure 4.4 Sensor Interrupt Behavior - Repeat Rate Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 4.5 Sensor Interrupt Behavior - No Repeat Rate Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Figure 6.1 CAP1296 Package Drawing - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Figure 6.2 CAP1296 Package Dimensions - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Figure 6.3 CAP1296 PCB Land Pattern and Stencil - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Figure 6.4 CAP1296 PCB Detail A - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Figure 6.5 CAP1296 PCB Detail B - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Figure 6.6 CAP1296 Land Dimensions - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Figure 6.7 CAP1296-1 Package Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 6  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. List of Tables Table 1.1 Pin Description for CAP1296 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Table 1.2 Pin Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Table 2.2 Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Table 3.1 Protocol Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Table 3.2 Write Byte Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 3.3 Read Byte Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 3.4 Send Byte Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 3.5 Receive Byte Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Table 3.6 Block Read Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Table 3.7 Block Write Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Table 4.1 Ideal Base Counts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Table 5.2 Main Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Table 5.3 Power State Bit Overrides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Table 5.4 GAIN and C_GAIN Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Table 5.5 Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Table 5.6 Noise Flag Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Table 5.7 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Table 5.8 Sensitivity Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Table 5.9 DELTA_SENSE Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Table 5.10 BASE_SHIFT Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Table 5.11 Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Table 5.12 Sensor Input Enable Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Table 5.13 Sensor Input Configuration Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Table 5.14 MAX_DUR Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Table 5.15 RPT_RATE Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Table 5.16 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Table 5.17 M_PRESS Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Table 5.18 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Table 5.19 AVG Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Table 5.20 SAMP_TIME Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Table 5.21 CYCLE_TIME Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Table 5.22 Calibration Activate and Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Table 5.23 Interrupt Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Table 5.24 Repeat Rate Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Table 5.25 Signal Guard Enable Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Table 5.26 Multiple Touch Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Table 5.27 B_MULT_T Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Table 5.28 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Table 5.29 MTP_TH Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Table 5.30 Multiple Touch Pattern Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Table 5.31 Base Count Out of Limit Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Table 5.32 Recalibration Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Table 5.33 NEG_DELTA_CNT Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Table 5.34 CAL_CFG Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Table 5.35 Sensor Input Threshold Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Table 5.36 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Table 5.37 CSx_BN_TH Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Table 5.38 Standby Channel Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Table 5.39 Standby Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Table 5.40 STBY_AVG Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 7 Table 5.41 STBY_SAMP_TIME Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Table 5.42 STBY_CY_TIME Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Table 5.43 Standby Sensitivity Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Table 5.44 STBY_SENSE Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Table 5.45 Standby Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Table 5.46 Sensor Input Base Count Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Table 5.47 Power Button Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Table 5.48 PWR_BTN Bit Decode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Table 5.49 Power Button Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Table 5.50 Power Button Time Bits Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Table 5.51 Sensor Input Calibration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Table 5.52 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Table 5.53 CALSENX Bit Decode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Table 5.54 Product ID Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Table 5.55 Vendor ID Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Table 5.56 Revision Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Table A.1 Register Delta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Table 6.1 Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 8  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 1 Pin Description Figure 1.1 CAP1296-1 Pin Diagram (10-Pin 3 x 3 mm DFN) Table 1.1 Pin Description for CAP1296 PIN # PIN NAME PIN FUNCTION PIN TYPE UNUSED CONNECTION 1 CS1 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 1 AIO Connect to Ground 2 ALERT# ALERT# - Active low alert / interrupt output for SMBus alert - requires pull-up resistor (default) OD Connect to Ground 3 SMDATA SMDATA - Bi-directional, open-drain SMBus or I 2C data - requires pull-up resistor DIOD n/a 4 SMCLK SMCLK - SMBus or I2C clock input - requires pull-up resistor DI n/a 5 VDD Positive Power supply Power n/a 6 CS6 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 6 AIO Connect to Ground 7 CS5 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 5 AIO Connect to Ground 8 CS4 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 4 AIO Connect to Ground 9 CS3 / SG CS3 - Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 3 AIO Connect to Ground SG - Signal guard output AIO Leave Open 10 CS2 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 2 AIO Connect to Ground Bottom Pad GND Ground Power n/a CS3 / SG 1 CS2 2 3 4 5 CS4 CS1 ALERT# SMDATA VDD SMCLK CS5 CS6 GND 10 9 8 7 6 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 9 APPLICATION NOTE: All digital pins are 5V tolerant pins. The pin types are described in Table 1.2. Table 1.2 Pin Types PIN TYPE DESCRIPTION Power This pin is used to supply power or ground to the device. DI Digital Input - This pin is used as a digital input. This pin is 5V tolerant. AIO Analog Input / Output - This pin is used as an I/O for analog signals. DIOD Digital Input / Open Drain Output - This pin is used as a digital I/O. When it is used as an output, it is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. OD Open Drain Digital Output - This pin is used as a digital output. It is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 10  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 2 Electrical Specifications Note 2.1 Stresses above those listed could cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any other condition above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Note 2.2 For the 5V tolerant pins that have a pull-up resistor, the voltage difference between V5VT_PIN and VDD must never exceed 3.6V. Note 2.3 The Package Power Dissipation specification assumes a recommended thermal via design consisting of a 2x3 matrix of 0.3mm (12mil) vias at 0.9mm pitch connected to the ground plane with a 1.6 x 2.3mm thermal landing. Note 2.4 Junction to Ambient (θJA) is dependent on the design of the thermal vias. Without thermal vias and a thermal landing, the θJA will be higher. Table 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Voltage on VDD pin -0.3 to 6.5 V Voltage on CS pins to GND -0.3 to 4.0 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (V5VT_PIN) -0.3 to 5.5 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (|V5VT_PIN - VDD|) (see Note 2.2) 0 to 3.6 V Input current to any pin except VDD +10 mA Output short circuit current Continuous N/A Package Power Dissipation up to TA = 85°C for 10-pin DFN (see Note 2.3) 0.5 W Junction to Ambient (θJA) (see Note 2.4) 78 °C/W Operating Ambient Temperature Range -40 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Range -55 to 150 °C ESD Rating, All Pins, HBM 8000 V 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 11 Table 2.2 Electrical Specifications VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNIT CONDITIONS DC POWER Supply Voltage VDD 3.0 5.5 V Supply Current ISTBY_DEF 120 170 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored Default conditions (8 avg, 70ms cycle time) ISTBY_LP 50 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored 1 avg, 140ms cycle time IDSLEEP_3V 5 TBD µA Deep Sleep state active No communications TA < 40°C 3.135 < VDD < 3.465V IDSLEEP_5V TBD TBD µA Deep Sleep state active No communications TA < 40°C VDD = 5V IDD 500 750 µA Capacitive Sensing Active signal guard disabled CAPACITIVE TOUCH SENSOR INPUTS Maximum Base Capacitance CBASE 50 pF Pad untouched Minimum Detectable Capacitive Shift ΔCTOUCH 20 fF Pad touched - default conditions Recommended Cap Shift ΔCTOUCH 0.1 2 pF Pad touched - Not tested Power Supply Rejection PSR ±3 ±10 counts / V Untouched Current Counts Base Capacitance 5pF - 50pF Negative Delta Counts disabled Maximum sensitivity All other parameters default POWER-ON AND BROWN-OUT RESET (SEE Section 4.2, "Reset") Power-On Reset Voltage VPOR 1 1.3 V Pin States Defined Power-On Reset Release Voltage VPORR 2.85 V Rising VDD Ensured by design Brown-Out Reset VBOR 2.8 V Falling VDD VDD Rise Rate (ensures internal POR signal) SVDD 0.05 V/ms 0 to 3V in 60ms 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 12  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Power-Up Timer Period tPWRT 10 ms Brown-Out Reset Voltage Delay tBORDC 1 µs VDD = VBOR - 1 TIMING Time to Communications Ready tCOMM_DLY 15 ms Time to First Conversion Ready tCONV_DLY 170 200 ms I/O PINS Output Low Voltage VOL 0.4 V ISINK_IO = 8mA Output High Voltage VOH VDD - 0.4 V ISOURCE_IO = 8mA Input High Voltage VIH 2.0 V Input Low Voltage VIL 0.8 V Leakage Current ILEAK ±5 µA powered or unpowered TA < 85°C pull-up voltage < 3.6V if unpowered SG PIN Capacitive Drive Capability CBASE_SG 20 200 pF capacitance to ground SMBUS TIMING Input Capacitance CIN 5 pF Clock Frequency fSMB 10 400 kHz Spike Suppression tSP 50 ns Bus Free Time Stop to Start tBUF 1.3 µs Start Setup Time tSU:STA 0.6 µs Start Hold Time tHD:STA 0.6 µs Stop Setup Time tSU:STO 0.6 µs Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 µs When transmitting to the master Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0.3 µs When receiving from the master Data Setup Time tSU:DAT 0.6 µs Table 2.2 Electrical Specifications (continued) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNIT CONDITIONS 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 13 Clock Low Period tLOW 1.3 µs Clock High Period tHIGH 0.6 µs Clock / Data Fall Time tFALL 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns Clock / Data Rise Time tRISE 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns Capacitive Load CLOAD 400 pF per bus line Table 2.2 Electrical Specifications (continued) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNIT CONDITIONS 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 14  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 3 Communications 3.1 Communications The CAP1296 communicates using the SMBus or I2C protocol. 3.2 System Management Bus The CAP1296 communicates with a host controller, such as an MCHP SIO, through the SMBus. The SMBus is a two-wire serial communication protocol between a computer host and its peripheral devices. A detailed timing diagram is shown in Figure 3.1. Stretching of the SMCLK signal is supported; however, the CAP1296 will not stretch the clock signal. 3.2.1 SMBus Start Bit The SMBus Start bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘1’ state to a logic ‘0’ state while the SMBus Clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. 3.2.2 SMBus Address and RD / WR Bit The SMBus Address Byte consists of the 7-bit client address followed by the RD / WR indicator bit. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘0’, then the SMBus Host is writing data to the client device. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘1’, then the SMBus Host is reading data from the client device. The CAP1296 responds to SMBus address 0101_000(r/w). 3.2.3 SMBus Data Bytes All SMBus Data bytes are sent most significant bit first and composed of 8-bits of information. 3.2.4 SMBus ACK and NACK Bits The SMBus client will acknowledge all data bytes that it receives. This is done by the client device pulling the SMBus Data line low after the 8th bit of each byte that is transmitted. This applies to both the Write Byte and Block Write protocols. The Host will NACK (not acknowledge) the last data byte to be received from the client by holding the SMBus data line high after the 8th data bit has been sent. For the Block Read protocol, the Host will ACK each data byte that it receives except the last data byte. Figure 3.1 SMBus Timing Diagram SMDATA SMCLK TBUF P S S - Start Condition P - Stop Condition S P T LOW T HIGH T HD:STA T SU:STO T HD:STA T HD:DAT T SU:DAT T SU:STA T FALL T RISE 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 15 3.2.5 SMBus Stop Bit The SMBus Stop bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘0’ state to a logic ‘1’ state while the SMBus clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. When the CAP1296 detects an SMBus Stop bit and it has been communicating with the SMBus protocol, it will reset its client interface and prepare to receive further communications. 3.2.6 SMBus Timeout The CAP1296 includes an SMBus timeout feature. Following a 30ms period of inactivity on the SMBus where the SMCLK pin is held low, the device will timeout and reset the SMBus interface. The timeout function defaults to disabled. It can be enabled by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 3.2.7 SMBus and I2C Compatibility The major differences between SMBus and I2C devices are highlighted here. For more information, refer to the SMBus 2.0 specification. 1. CAP1296 supports I2C fast mode at 400kHz. This covers the SMBus max time of 100kHz. 2. Minimum frequency for SMBus communications is 10kHz. 3. The SMBus client protocol will reset if the clock is held low longer than 30ms (timeout condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1296 by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have a timeout. 4. The SMBus client protocol will reset if both the clock and the data line are high for longer than 200us (idle condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1296 by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have an idle condition. 5. I2C devices do not support the Alert Response Address functionality (which is optional for SMBus). 6. I2C devices support block read and write differently. I2C protocol allows for unlimited number of bytes to be sent in either direction. The SMBus protocol requires that an additional data byte indicating number of bytes to read / write is transmitted. The CAP1296 supports I2C formatting only. 3.3 SMBus Protocols The CAP1296 is SMBus 2.0 compatible and supports Write Byte, Read Byte, Send Byte, and Receive Byte as valid protocols as shown below. All of the below protocols use the convention in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 Protocol Format DATA SENT TO DEVICE DATA SENT TO THE HOST Data sent Data sent 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 16  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.3.1 SMBus Write Byte The Write Byte is used to write one byte of data to a specific register as shown in Table 3.2. 3.3.2 SMBus Read Byte The Read Byte protocol is used to read one byte of data from the registers as shown in Table 3.3. 3.3.3 SMBus Send Byte The Send Byte protocol is used to set the internal address register pointer to the correct address location. No data is transferred during the Send Byte protocol as shown in Table 3.4. APPLICATION NOTE: The Send Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). 3.3.4 SMBus Receive Byte The Receive Byte protocol is used to read data from a register when the internal register address pointer is known to be at the right location (e.g. set via Send Byte). This is used for consecutive reads of the same register as shown in Table 3.5. APPLICATION NOTE: The Receive Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). Table 3.2 Write Byte Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK REGISTER DATA ACK STOP 1 ->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1 Table 3.3 Read Byte Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK START CLIENT ADDRESS RD ACK REGISTER DATA NACK STOP 1->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 Table 3.4 Send Byte Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK STOP 1 -> 0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1 Table 3.5 Receive Byte Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS RD ACK REGISTER DATA NACK STOP 1 -> 0 0101_000 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 17 3.4 I2C Protocols The CAP1296 supports I2C Block Read and Block Write. The protocols listed below use the convention in Table 3.1. 3.4.1 Block Read The Block Read is used to read multiple data bytes from a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3.6. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Read protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. 3.4.2 Block Write The Block Write is used to write multiple data bytes to a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3.7. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Write protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. Table 3.6 Block Read Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK START SLAVE ADDRESS RD ACK REGISTER DATA 1->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 1 0 XXh ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK . . . REGISTER DATA NACK STOP 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 1 0 -> 1 Table 3.7 Block Write Protocol START SLAVE ADDRESS WR ACK REGISTER ADDRESS ACK REGISTER DATA ACK 1 ->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK . . . REGISTER DATA ACK STOP XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 0 0 -> 1 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 18  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 4 General Description The CAP1296 is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor. It contains six (6) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. In addition, the CAP1296 can be configured to detect proximity on one or more channels with an optional signal guard to reduce noise sensitivity. The CAP1296 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1296 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. The Combo state allows a combination of sensor input controls to be used which enables one or more sensor inputs to operate as buttons while another sensor input is operating as a proximity detector. Power consumption in the Standby and Combo states is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. The device communicates with a host controller using SMBus / I2C. The host controller may poll the device for updated information at any time or it may configure the device to flag an interrupt whenever a touch is detected on any sensor pad. A typical system diagram is shown in Figure 4.1. 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 19 4.1 Power States The CAP1296 has 4 power states depending on the status of the STBY, COMBO, and DSLEEP bits (see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register"). When the device transitions between power states, previously detected touches (for channels that are being de-activated) are cleared and the sensor input status bits are reset. 1. Active - The normal mode of operation. The device is monitoring capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Active state (see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register"). 2. Standby - When the STBY bit is set, the device is monitoring the capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state (see Section 5.22, "Standby Channel Register"). Interrupts can still be generated based on the enabled channels. The device will still respond to communications normally and can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the STBY bit. Power consumption in this state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. 3. Combo - When the COMBO bit is set, the device is monitoring capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Active state as well as inputs enabled in the Standby state (hence the name “Combo”). Interrupts can still be generated based on the enabled channels. The device will still respond to communications normally and can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the COMBO bit. Power consumption in this state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Figure 4.1 System Diagram for CAP1296 CAP1296 CS4 SMDATA SMCLK Embedded Controller 3.0V to 5.5V ALERT# CS5 CS6 CS2 CS1 Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Proximity Sensor Touch Button SG* GND VDD * CS3 / SG is a multi-function pin. If not using the signal guard shown here, CS3 can be another touch button. 10kOhm resistors 3.0V to 5.5V 0.1uF 1.0uF 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 20  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 4. Deep Sleep - When the DSLEEP bit is set, the device is in its lowest power state. It is not monitoring any capacitive sensor inputs. While in Deep Sleep, the CAP1296 can be awakened by SMBus communications targeting the device. This will not cause the DSLEEP to be cleared so the device will return to Deep Sleep once all communications have stopped. The device can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the DSLEEP bit. 4.2 Reset The Power-On Reset (POR) circuit holds the device in reset until VDD has reached an acceptable level, Power-on Reset Release Voltage (VPORR), for minimum operation. The power-up timer (PWRT) is used to extend the start-up period until all device operation conditions have been met. The power-up timer starts after VDD reaches VPORR. POR and PORR with slow rising VDD is shown in Figure 4.2. The Brown-Out Reset (BOR) circuit holds the device in reset when VDD falls to a minimum level, VBOR for longer than the BOR reset delay (tBORDC). After a BOR, when VDD rises above VPORR, the powerup timer is started again and must finish before reset is released, as shown in Figure 4.2. 4.3 Capacitive Touch Sensing The CAP1296 contains six (6) independent capacitive touch sensor inputs. Each sensor input has dynamic range to detect a change of capacitance due to a touch. Additionally, each sensor input can be configured to be automatically and routinely recalibrated. 4.3.1 Capacitive Touch Sensing Settings Controls for managing capacitive touch sensor inputs are determined by the power state. 4.3.1.1 Active State Sensing Settings The Active state is used for normal operation. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Sensor Input Enable Register (see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Sensitivity Control Register (see Section 5.5, "Sensitivity Control Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register"). Each channel can have a separate touch detection threshold, as defined in the Sensor Input Threshold registers (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers"). 4.3.1.2 Standby State Sensing Settings The Standby state is used for standby operation. In general, fewer sensor inputs are enabled, and they are programmed to have more sensitivity. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Standby Channel Register (see Section 5.22, "Standby Channel Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by Figure 4.2 POR and PORR With Slow Rising VDD and BOR with Falling VDD VDD VBOR TPWRT GND Undefined SYSRST VPOR VPORR TBORDC TPWRT 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 21 the Standby Sensitivity Register (see Section 5.24, "Standby Sensitivity Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.23, "Standby Configuration Register"). There is one touch detection threshold, which applies to all sensors enabled in Standby, as defined in the Standby Threshold Register (see Section 5.25, "Standby Threshold Register"). 4.3.1.3 Combo State Sensing Settings The Combo state is used when a combination of proximity detection and normal button operation is required. When the COMBO bit is set, the sensing cycle includes sensor inputs enabled in the Active state as well as sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. Sensor inputs enabled in the Active state will use the Active settings described in Section 4.3.1.1, "Active State Sensing Settings". Sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state will use the Standby settings described in Section 4.3.1.2, "Standby State Sensing Settings". If a sensor input is enabled in both the Active state and in the Standby state, the Active state settings will be used in Combo state. The programmed cycle time is determined by STBY_CY_TIME[1:0]. The Combo state also has two gain settings. When the COMBO bit is set, the GAIN[1:0] control only applies to the sensors enabled in the Active state, and the C_GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state. 4.3.2 Sensing Cycle Except when in Deep Sleep, the device automatically initiates a sensing cycle and repeats the cycle every time it finishes. The cycle polls through each enabled sensor input starting with CS1 and extending through CS6. As each capacitive touch sensor input is polled, its measurement is compared against a baseline “not touched” measurement. If the delta measurement is large enough to exceed the applicable threshold, a touch is detected and an interrupt can be generated (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The sensing cycle time is programmable (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register" and Section 5.23, "Standby Configuration Register"). If all enabled inputs can be sampled in less than the cycle time, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. If the number of active sensor inputs cannot be sampled within the specified cycle time, the cycle time is extended and the device is not placed in a lower power state. 4.4 Sensor Input Calibration Calibration sets the Base Count Registers (Section 5.26, "Sensor Input Base Count Registers") which contain the “not touched” values used for touch detection comparisons. Calibration automatically occurs after a power-on reset (POR), when sample time is changed, when the gain is changed, when the calibration sensitivity is changed, and whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (for example, when transitioning from a power state in which it was disabled to a power state in which it is enabled). During calibration, the analog sensing circuits are tuned to the capacitance of the untouched pad. Then, samples are taken from each sensor input so that a base count can be established. After calibration, the untouched delta counts are zero. APPLICATION NOTE: During the calibration routine, the sensor inputs will not detect a press for up to 200ms and the Sensor Base Count Register values will be invalid. In addition, any press on the corresponding sensor pads will invalidate the calibration. The host controller can force a calibration for selected sensor inputs at any time using the Calibration Activate and Status Register (Section 5.11, "Calibration Activate and Status Register"). When a bit is set, the corresponding capacitive touch sensor input will be calibrated (both analog and digital). The bit is automatically cleared once the calibration routine has successfully finished. If analog calibration fails for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is not cleared in the Calibration Activate and Status Register, and the ACAL_FAIL bit is set in the General Status Register (Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. Analog calibration will fail if a noise bit is set or if 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 22  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. If digital calibration fails to generate base counts for a sensor input in the operating range, which is +12.5% from the ideal base count (see Table 4.1), indicating the base capacitance is out of range, the corresponding BC_OUTx bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register (Section 5.18, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), and the BC_OUT bit is set in the General Status Register (Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. By default, when a base count is out of limit, analog calibration is repeated for the sensor input; alternatively, the sensor input can be sampled using the out of limit base count (Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Calibration sensitivity can be adjusted for each sensor input based on capacitive touch pad capacitance. During normal operation there are various options for recalibrating the capacitive touch sensor inputs. Recalibration is a digital adjustment of the base counts so that the untouched delta count is zero. After a recalibration, if a sensor input’s base count has shifted +12.5% from the ideal base count, a full calibration will be performed on the sensor input. 4.4.1 Automatic Recalibration Each sensor input is regularly recalibrated at a programmable rate (see CAL_CFG[2:0] in Section 5.19, "Recalibration Configuration Register"). By default, the recalibration routine stores the average 64 previous measurements and periodically updates the base “not touched” setting for the capacitive touch sensor input. APPLICATION NOTE: Automatic recalibration only works when the delta count is below the active sensor input threshold. It is disabled when a touch is detected. 4.4.2 Negative Delta Count Recalibration It is possible that the device loses sensitivity to a touch. This may happen as a result of a noisy environment, recalibration when the pad is touched but delta counts do not exceed the threshold, or other environmental changes. When this occurs, the base untouched sensor input may generate negative delta count values. The NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] bits (see Section 5.19, "Recalibration Configuration Register") can be set to force a recalibration after a specified number of consecutive negative delta readings. After a delayed recalibration (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration") the negative delta count recalibration can correct after the touch is released. APPLICATION NOTE: During this recalibration, the device will not respond to touches. 4.4.3 Delayed Recalibration It is possible that a “stuck button” occurs when something is placed on a button which causes a touch to be detected for a long period. By setting the MAX_DUR_EN bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"), a recalibration can be forced when a touch is held on a button for longer than the duration specified in the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register"). Table 4.1 Ideal Base Counts IDEAL BASE COUNT SAMPLE TIME 3,200 320us 6,400 640us 12,800 1.28ms 25,600 2.56ms 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 23 Note 4.1 Delayed recalibration only works when the delta count is above the active sensor input threshold. If enabled, it is invoked when a sensor pad touch is held longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings. Note 4.2 For the power button, which requires that the button be held longer than a regular button, the time specified by the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits is added to the time required to trigger the qualifying event. This will prevent the power button from being recalibrated during the time it is supposed to be held. 4.5 Proximity Detection Each sensor input can be configured to detect changes in capacitance due to proximity of a touch. This circuitry detects the change of capacitance that is generated as an object approaches, but does not physically touch, the enabled sensor pad(s). Generally, sensor inputs used to detect proximity have physically larger pads than standard buttons. In addition, gain should be increased to increase sensitivity. To improve the signal, the signal guard feature may be used. 4.5.1 Signal Guard The signal guard isolates the signal from virtual grounds, as shown in Figure 4.3. It can be used to isolate the proximity antenna from nearby conductive surfaces that would otherwise attenuate the efield. 4.6 Power Button The CAP1296 has a “power button” feature. In general, buttons are set for quick response to a touch, especially when buttons are used for number keypads. However, there are cases where a quick response is not desired, such as when accidentally brushing the power button causes a device to turn off or on unexpectedly. The power button feature allows a sensor input to be designated as the “power button” (see Section 5.27, "Power Button Register"). The power button is configured so that a touch must be held on the button for a designated period of time before an interrupt is generated; different times can be selected for the Standby and the Active states (see Section 5.28, "Power Button Configuration Register"). The feature can also be enabled / disabled for both states separately. APPLICATION NOTE: For the power button feature to work in the Standby and/or Active states, the sensor input must be enabled in the applicable state. If the power button feature is enabled for both Standby and Active and the COMBO bit is set, the Standby power button settings will be used. Figure 4.3 Signal Guard CAP129X Device CS pin SIGNAL_GUARD CS pin Touch Pad Touch Pad 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 24  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. After the designated power button has been held for the designated time, an interrupt is generated and the PWR bit is set in the General Status Register (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.7 Multiple Touch Pattern Detection The multiple touch pattern (MTP) detection circuitry can be used to detect lid closure or other similar events. An event can be flagged based on either a minimum number of sensor inputs or on specific sensor inputs simultaneously exceeding an MTP threshold or having their Noise Flag Status Register bits set. An interrupt can also be generated. During an MTP event, all touches are blocked (see Section 5.16, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). 4.8 Noise Controls 4.8.1 Low Frequency Noise Detection Each sensor input has a low frequency noise detector that will sense if low frequency noise is injected onto the input with sufficient power to corrupt the readings. By default, if this occurs, the device will reject the corrupted sample (see DIS_ANA_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") and the corresponding bit is set to a logic ‘1’ in the Noise Flag Status register (see SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.8.2 RF Noise Detection Each sensor input contains an integrated RF noise detector. This block will detect injected RF noise on the CS pin. The detector threshold is dependent upon the noise frequency. By default, if RF noise is detected on a CS line, that sample is removed and not compared against the threshold (see DIS_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.8.3 Noise Status and Configuration The Noise Flag Status (see Section 5.3, "Noise Flag Status Registers") bits can be used to indicate RF and/or other noise. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in the Configuration Register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers") is set to 0, the Noise Flag Status bit for the capacitive sensor input is set if any analog noise is detected. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit is set to 1, the Noise Flag Status bits will only be set if RF noise is detected. The CAP1296 offers optional noise filtering controls for both analog and digital noise. For analog noise, there are options for whether the data should be considered invalid. By default, the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") will block a touch on a sensor input if low frequency analog noise is detected; the sample is discarded. By default, the DIS_RF_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h") will block a touch on a sensor input if RF noise is detected; the sample is discarded. For digital noise, sensor input noise thresholds can be set (see Section 5.21, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register"). If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Noise Threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold (Sensor Threshold (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") in the Active state or Sensor Standby Threshold in the Standby state (Section 5.25, "Standby Threshold Register")), it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. The DIS_DIG_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") can be set to discard samples that indicate a noise spike so they are not used in the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). 4.9 Interrupts Interrupts are indicated by the setting of the INT bit in the Main Control Register (see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register") and by assertion of the ALERT# pin. The ALERT# pin is cleared when the 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 25 INT bit is cleared by the user. When the INT bit is cleared by the user, status bits may be cleared (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.9.1 ALERT# Pin The ALERT# pin is an active low output that is driven when an interrupt event is detected. 4.9.2 Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior Each sensor input can be programmed to enable / disable interrupts (see Section 5.12, "Interrupt Enable Register"). When enabled for a sensor input and the sensor input is not the designated power button, interrupts are generated in one of two ways: 1. An interrupt is generated when a touch is detected and, as a user selectable option, when a release is detected (by default - see INT_REL_n in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). See Figure 4.5. 2. If the repeat rate is enabled then, so long as the touch is held, another interrupt will be generated based on the programmed repeat rate (see Figure 4.4). When the repeat rate is enabled for a sensor input (see Section 5.13, "Repeat Rate Enable Register"), the device uses an additional control called MPRESS that determines whether a touch is flagged as a simple “touch” or a “press and hold” (see Section 5.9, "Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register"). The MPRESS[3:0] bits set a minimum press timer. When the button is touched, the timer begins. If the sensor pad is released before the minimum press timer expires, it is flagged as a touch and an interrupt (if enabled) is generated upon release. If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than this timer value, it is flagged as a “press and hold” event. So long as the touch is held, interrupts will be generated at the programmed repeat rate (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register") and upon release (if enabled). If a sensor input is the designated power button, an interrupt is not generated as soon as a touch is detected and repeat rate is not applicable. See Section 4.9.3, "Interrupts for the Power Button". APPLICATION NOTE: Figure 4.4 and Figure 4.5 show default operation which is to generate an interrupt upon sensor pad release. APPLICATION NOTE: The host may need to poll the device twice to determine that a release has been detected. Figure 4.4 Sensor Interrupt Behavior - Repeat Rate Enabled Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Min Press Setting (280ms) Interrupt on Touch Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 26  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.9.3 Interrupts for the Power Button Interrupts are automatically enabled for the power button when the feature is enabled (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). A touch must be held on the power button for the designated period of time before an interrupt is generated. 4.9.4 Interrupts for Multiple Touch Pattern Detection An interrupt can be generated when the MTP pattern is matched (see Section 5.16, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). 4.9.5 Interrupts for Sensor Input Calibration Failures An interrupt can be generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set, indicating the failure to complete analog calibration of one or more sensor inputs (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the ACAL_FAIL_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). An interrupt can be generated when the BC_OUT bit is set, indicating the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the BC_OUT_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Figure 4.5 Sensor Interrupt Behavior - No Repeat Rate Enabled Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Interrupt on Touch Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 27 Chapter 5 Register Description The registers shown in Table 5.1 are accessible through the communications protocol. An entry of ‘-’ indicates that the bit is not used and will always read ‘0’. Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order REGISTER ADDRESS R/W REGISTER NAME FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE PAGE 00h R/W Main Control Controls power states and indicates an interrupt 00h Page 30 02h R/W General Status Stores general status bits 00h Page 32 03h R Sensor Input Status Returns the state of the sampled capacitive touch sensor inputs 00h Page 32 0Ah R Noise Flag Status Stores the noise flags for sensor inputs 00h Page 33 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS1 00h Page 34 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS2 00h Page 34 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS3 00h Page 34 13h R Sensor Input 4 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS4 00h Page 34 14h R Sensor Input 5 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS5 00h Page 34 15h R Sensor Input 6 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS6 00h Page 34 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control Controls the sensitivity of the threshold and delta counts and data scaling of the base counts 2Fh Page 34 20h R/W Configuration Controls general functionality 20h Page 36 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable Controls which sensor inputs are monitored in Active 3Fh Page 38 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration Controls max duration and autorepeat delay A4h Page 38 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 Controls the MPRESS (“press and hold”) setting 07h Page 40 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config Controls averaging and sampling window for Active 39h Page 41 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status Forces calibration for capacitive touch sensor inputs and indicates calibration failure 00h Page 42 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 28  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 27h R/W Interrupt Enable Determines which capacitive sensor inputs can generate interrupts 3Fh Page 43 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable Enables repeat rate for specific sensor inputs 3Fh Page 44 29h R/W Signal Guard Enable Enables the signal guard for specific sensor inputs 00h Page 45 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Configuration Determines the number of simultaneous touches to flag a multiple touch condition 80h Page 45 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Determines the multiple touch pattern (MTP) configuration 00h Page 46 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Determines the pattern or number of sensor inputs used by the MTP circuitry 3Fh Page 47 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit Indicates whether sensor inputs have a base count out of limit 00h Page 48 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration Determines recalibration timing and sampling window 8Ah Page 48 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS1 40h Page 50 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS2 40h Page 50 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS3 40h Page 50 33h R/W Sensor Input 4 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS4 40h Page 50 34h R/W Sensor Input 5 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS5 40h Page 50 35h R/W Sensor Input 6 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS6 40h Page 50 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold Stores controls for selecting the noise threshold for all sensor inputs 01h Page 51 Standby Configuration Registers 40h R/W Standby Channel Controls which sensor inputs are enabled for Standby 00h Page 51 41h R/W Standby Configuration Controls averaging and sensing cycle time for Standby 39h Page 52 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity Controls sensitivity settings used for Standby 02h Page 54 43h R/W Standby Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Standby 40h Page 54 Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order (continued) REGISTER ADDRESS R/W REGISTER NAME FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE PAGE 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 29 44h R/W Configuration 2 Stores additional configuration controls for the device 40h Page 36 Base Count Registers 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 1 C8h Page 55 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 2 C8h Page 55 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 3 C8h Page 55 53h R Sensor Input 4 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 4 C8h Page 55 54h R Sensor Input 5 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 5 C8h Page 55 55h R Sensor Input 6 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 6 C8h Page 55 Power Button Registers 60h R/W Power Button Specifies the power button 00h Page 55 61h R/W Power Button Configuration Configures the power button feature 22h Page 56 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Registers 80h R/W Calibration Sensitivity Configuration 1 Stores calibration sensitivity settings for proximity 00h Page 58 81h R/W Calibration Sensitivity Configuration 2 Stores calibration sensitivity settings for proximity 00h Page 58 Calibration Registers B1h R Sensor Input 1 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS1 00h Page 57 B2h R Sensor Input 2 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS2 00h Page 57 B3h R Sensor Input 3 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS3 00h Page 57 B4h R Sensor Input 4 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS4 00h Page 57 B5h R Sensor Input 5 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS5 00h Page 57 B6h R Sensor Input 6 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS6 00h Page 57 B9h R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS1 - CS4 00h Page 57 Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order (continued) REGISTER ADDRESS R/W REGISTER NAME FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE PAGE 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 30  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. During power-on reset (POR), the default values are stored in the registers. A POR is initiated when power is first applied to the part and the voltage on the VDD supply surpasses the POR level as specified in the electrical characteristics. When a bit is “set”, this means it’s at a logic ‘1’. When a bit is “cleared”, this means it’s at a logic ‘0’. 5.1 Main Control Register The Main Control register controls the primary power state of the device (see Section 4.1, "Power States"). If more than one power state bit is set, the actual power state will be as shown in Table 5.3, "Power State Bit Overrides". Bits 7 - 6 - GAIN[1:0] - Controls the analog gain used by the capacitive touch sensing circuitry. As the gain is increased, the effective sensitivity is likewise increased as a smaller delta capacitance is required to generate the same delta count values. The sensitivity settings may need to be adjusted along with the gain settings such that data overflow does not occur. APPLICATION NOTE: The GAIN[1:0] settings apply to both Standby and Active states, unless the COMBO bit is set. When the COMBO bit is set, this control only applies to the sensors enabled in the BAh R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 2 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS5 - CS6 00h Page 57 ID Registers FDh R Product ID Stores a fixed value that identifies the CAP1296-1 69h Page 58 FEh R Manufacturer ID Stores a fixed value that identifies MCHP 5Dh Page 59 FFh R Revision Stores a fixed value that represents the revision number 00h Page 59 Table 5.2 Main Control Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 00h R/W Main Control GAIN[1:0] STBY DSLEEP C_GAIN[1:0] COMBO INT 00h Table 5.3 Power State Bit Overrides DSLEEP COMBO STBY POWER STATE 0 0 0 Active 0 0 1 Standby 0 1 X Combo 1 X X DSleep Table 5.1 Register Set in Hexadecimal Order (continued) REGISTER ADDRESS R/W REGISTER NAME FUNCTION DEFAULT VALUE PAGE 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 31 Active state, and the C_GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state. APPLICATION NOTE: Whenever the gain settings change, the device will recalibrate all sensor inputs as if they had no base count. Bit 5 - STBY - Enables Standby.  ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Standby state.  ‘1’ - The device is in the Standby state. Capacitive touch sensor input scanning is limited to the sensor inputs set in the Standby Channel register (see Section 5.22, "Standby Channel Register"). The status registers will not be cleared until read. Sensor inputs that are no longer sampled will flag a release and then remain in a non-touched state. Bit 4 - DSLEEP - Enables Deep Sleep.  ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Deep Sleep state.  ‘1’ - The device is in the Deep Sleep state. All sensor input scanning is disabled. The status registers are automatically cleared and the INT bit is cleared.. Bits 3 - 2 - C_GAIN[1:0] - When the COMBO bit is set, this bit controls the analog gain used for capacitive touch sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. As the gain is increased, the effective sensitivity is likewise increased as a smaller delta capacitance is required to generate the same delta count values. The Standby sensitivity settings may need to be adjusted along with the gain settings such that data overflow does not occur. APPLICATION NOTE: The C_GAIN[1:0] setting is only used if the COMBO bit is set. When the COMBO bit is set, this control only applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state, and the GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Active state. Bit 1 - COMBO - Enables Combo state (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings").  ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Combo state.  ‘1’ - The device is in the Combo state. The device is monitoring sensor inputs enabled in the Active state (see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register") as well as those enabled in the Standby state (see Section 5.22, "Standby Channel Register"). The status registers will not be cleared until read. Sensor inputs that are no longer sampled will flag a release and then remain in a non-touched state. Bit 0 - INT - Indicates that there is an interrupt (see Section 4.9, "Interrupts"). When this bit is set, it asserts the ALERT# pin. If a channel detects a touch but interrupts are not enabled for that channel (see Section 5.12, "Interrupt Enable Register"), no action is taken. This bit is cleared by writing a logic ‘0’ to it. When this bit is cleared, the ALERT# pin will be deasserted, and all status registers will be cleared if the condition has been removed. Table 5.4 GAIN and C_GAIN Bit Decode GAIN[1:0] OR C_GAIN[1:0] 1 0 CAPACITIVE TOUCH SENSOR INPUT GAIN 00 1 01 2 10 4 11 8 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 32  2013 Microchip Technology Inc.  ‘0’ - No interrupt pending.  ‘1’ - An interrupt condition occurred, and the ALERT# pin has been asserted. 5.2 Status Registers All status bits are cleared when the device enters Deep Sleep (DSLEEP = ‘1’ - see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register"). 5.2.1 General Status - 02h Bit 6 - BC_OUT - Indicates that the base count is out of limit for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have base counts within the limit.  ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs have base counts in the operating range.  ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs has the base count out of limit. A status bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register (see Section 5.18, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). Bit 5 - ACAL_FAIL - Indicates analog calibration failure for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have successfully completed analog calibration.  ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs were successfully calibrated.  ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs failed analog calibration. A status bit is set in the Calibration Active Register (see Section 5.11, "Calibration Activate and Status Register"). Bit 4 - PWR - Indicates that the designated power button has been held for the designated time (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if there is no longer a touch on the power button.  ‘0’ - The power button has not been held for the required time or is not enabled.  ‘1’ - The power button has been held for the required time. Bit 2 - MULT - Indicates that the device is blocking detected touches due to the Multiple Touch detection circuitry (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Configuration Register"). This bit will not cause the INT bit to be set and hence will not cause an interrupt. Bit 1 - MTP - Indicates that the device has detected a number of sensor inputs that exceed the MTP threshold either via the pattern recognition or via the number of sensor inputs (see Section 5.16, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set if the MTP_ALERT bit is also set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if the condition that caused it to be set has been removed. Bit 0 - TOUCH - Indicates that a touch was detected. This bit is set if any bit in the Sensor Input Status register is set. Table 5.5 Status Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 02h R General Status - BC_ OUT ACAL _FAIL PWR - MULT MTP TOUCH 00h 03h R Sensor Input Status - - CS6 CS5 CS4 CS3 CS2 CS1 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 33 5.2.2 Sensor Input Status - 03h The Sensor Input Status Register stores status bits that indicate a touch has been detected. A value of ‘0’ in any bit indicates that no touch has been detected. A value of ‘1’ in any bit indicates that a touch has been detected. All bits are cleared when the INT bit is cleared and if a touch on the respective capacitive touch sensor input is no longer present. If a touch is still detected, the bits will not be cleared (but this will not cause the interrupt to be asserted). Bit 5 - CS6 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 6. Bit 4 - CS5 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 5. Bit 3 - CS4 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 4. Bit 2 - CS3 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 3. Bit 1 - CS2 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 2. Bit 0 - CS1 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 1. 5.3 Noise Flag Status Registers The Noise Flag Status registers store status bits that can be used to indicate that the analog block detected noise above the operating region of the analog detector or the RF noise detector (see Section 4.8.3, "Noise Status and Configuration"). These bits indicate that the most recently received data from the sensor input is invalid and should not be used for touch detection. So long as the bit is set for a particular channel, the delta count value is reset to 00h and thus no touch is detected. These bits are not sticky and will be cleared automatically if the analog block does not report a noise error. APPLICATION NOTE: If the MTP detection circuitry is enabled, these bits count as sensor inputs above the MTP threshold (see Section 4.7, "Multiple Touch Pattern Detection") even if the corresponding delta count is not. If the corresponding delta count also exceeds the MTP threshold, it is not counted twice. APPLICATION NOTE: Regardless of the state of the Noise Status bits, if low frequency noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit is set. As well, if RF noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_RF_NOISE bit is set. Table 5.6 Noise Flag Status Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 0Ah R Noise Flag Status - - CS6_ NOISE CS5_ NOISE CS4_ NOISE CS3_ NOISE CS2_ NOISE CS1_ NOISE 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 34  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.4 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers The Sensor Input Delta Count registers store the delta count that is compared against the threshold used to determine if a touch has been detected. The count value represents a change in input due to the capacitance associated with a touch on one of the sensor inputs and is referenced to a calibrated base “not touched” count value. The delta is an instantaneous change and is updated once per sensor input per sensing cycle (see Section 4.3.2, "Sensing Cycle"). The value presented is a standard 2’s complement number. In addition, the value is capped at a value of 7Fh. A reading of 7Fh indicates that the sensitivity settings are too high and should be adjusted accordingly (see Section 5.5). The value is also capped at a negative value of 80h for negative delta counts which may result upon a release. 5.5 Sensitivity Control Register The Sensitivity Control register controls the sensitivity of a touch detection. Bits 6-4 DELTA_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity of a touch detection for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches with higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitive settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a ΔC of 25fF from a 10pF base Table 5.7 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 13h R Sensor Input 4 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 14h R Sensor Input 5 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 15h R Sensor Input 6 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h Table 5.8 Sensitivity Control Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control - DELTA_SENSE[2:0] BASE_SHIFT[3:0] 2Fh 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 35 capacitance). Conversely, a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a ΔC of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). Bits 3 - 0 - BASE_SHIFT[3:0] - Controls the scaling and data presentation of the Base Count registers. The higher the value of these bits, the larger the range and the lower the resolution of the data presented. The scale factor represents the multiplier to the bit-weighting presented in these register descriptions. APPLICATION NOTE: The BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits normally do not need to be updated. These settings will not affect touch detection or sensitivity. These bits are sometimes helpful in analyzing the Cap Sensing board performance and stability. Table 5.9 DELTA_SENSE Bit Decode DELTA_SENSE[2:0] 210 SENSITIVITY MULTIPLIER 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) Table 5.10 BASE_SHIFT Bit Decode BASE_SHIFT[3:0] DATA SCALING 32 1 0 FACTOR 0 0 0 0 1x 0 0 0 1 2x 0 0 1 0 4x 0 0 1 1 8x 0 1 0 0 16x 0 1 0 1 32x 0 1 1 0 64x 0 1 1 1 128x 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 36  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.6 Configuration Registers The Configuration registers control general global functionality that affects the entire device. 5.6.1 Configuration - 20h Bit 7 - TIMEOUT - Enables the timeout and idle functionality of the SMBus protocol.  ‘0’ (default) - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are disabled. The SMBus interface will not time out if the clock line is held low. Likewise, it will not reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us.  ‘1’ - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are enabled. The SMBus interface will reset if the clock line is held low for longer than 30ms. Likewise, it will reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us. Bit 5 - DIS_DIG_NOISE - Determines whether the digital noise threshold (see Section 5.21, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register") is used by the device. Setting this bit disables the feature.  ‘0’ - The digital noise threshold is used. If a delta count value exceeds the noise threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold, the sample is discarded and not used for the automatic recalibration routine.  ‘1’ (default) - The noise threshold is disabled. Any delta count that is less than the touch threshold is used for the automatic recalibration routine. Bit 4 - DIS_ANA_NOISE - Determines whether the analog noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature.  ‘0’ (default) - If low frequency noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set.  ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if low frequency noise is detected. Bit 3 - MAX_DUR_EN - Determines whether the maximum duration recalibration is enabled.  ‘0’ (default) - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is disabled. A touch may be held indefinitely and no recalibration will be performed on any sensor input. 1 0 0 0 256x All others 256x (default = 1111b) Table 5.11 Configuration Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 20h R/W Configuration TIME OUT - DIS_ DIG_ NOISE DIS_ ANA_ NOISE MAX_ DUR_EN - - - 20h 44h R/W Configuration 2 - BC_ OUT_ RECAL BLK_ PWR_ CTRL BC_ OUT_ INT SHOW_ RF_ NOISE DIS_ RF_ NOISE ACAL _FAIL _INT INT_ REL_ n 40h Table 5.10 BASE_SHIFT Bit Decode (continued) BASE_SHIFT[3:0] DATA SCALING 32 1 0 FACTOR 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 37  ‘1’ - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is enabled. If a touch is held for longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings (see Section 5.8), the recalibration routine will be restarted (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"). 5.6.2 Configuration 2 - 44h Bit 6 - BC_OUT_RECAL - Controls whether to retry analog calibration when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs.  ‘0’ - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input, the out of limit base count will be used for the sensor input.  ‘1’ (default) - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input (see Section 5.18, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), analog calibration will be repeated on the sensor input. Bit 5 - BLK_PWR_CTRL - Determines whether the device will reduce power consumption while waiting between conversion time completion and the end of the sensing cycle.  ‘0’ (default) - The device will reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle.  ‘1’ - The device will not reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle. Bit 4 - BC_OUT_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs.  ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers").  ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the BC_OUT bit is set. Bit 3 - SHOW_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the Noise Status bits will show RF Noise as the only input source.  ‘0’ (default) - The Noise Status registers will show both RF noise and low frequency noise if either is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input.  ‘1’ - The Noise Status registers will only show RF noise if it is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input. Low frequency noise will still be detected and touches will be blocked normally; however, the status bits will not be updated. Bit 2 - DIS_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the RF noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature.  ‘0’ (default) - If RF noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set.  ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if RF noise is detected. Bit 1 - ACAL_FAIL_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when analog calibration fails for one or more sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration").  ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers").  ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set Bit 0 - INT_REL_n - Controls the interrupt behavior when a release is detected on a button (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior").  ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and again when a release is detected and at the repeat rate (if enabled - see Section 5.13).  ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and at the repeat rate but not when a release is detected. 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 38  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.7 Sensor Input Enable Register The Sensor Input Enable register determines whether a capacitive touch sensor input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The specified input is not included in the sensing cycle in the Active state.  ‘1’ (default) - The specified input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. Bit 5 - CS6_EN - Determines whether the CS6 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 4 - CS5_EN - Determines whether the CS5 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 3 - CS4_EN - Determines whether the CS4 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 2 - CS3_EN - Determines whether the CS3 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 1 - CS2_EN - Determines whether the CS2 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 0 - CS1_EN - Determines whether the CS1 input is monitored in the Active state. 5.8 Sensor Input Configuration Register The Sensor Input Configuration Register controls timings associated with the capacitive sensor inputs. Bits 7 - 4 - MAX_DUR[3:0] - (default 1010b) - Determines the maximum time that a sensor pad is allowed to be touched until the capacitive touch sensor input is recalibrated (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5.14. Table 5.12 Sensor Input Enable Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable - - CS6_EN CS5_EN CS4_EN CS3_EN CS2_EN CS1_EN 3Fh Table 5.13 Sensor Input Configuration Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration MAX_DUR[3:0] RPT_RATE[3:0] A4h Table 5.14 MAX_DUR Bit Decode MAX_DUR[3:0] 32 1 0 TIME BEFORE RECALIBRATION 0 0 0 0 560ms 0 0 0 1 840ms 0 0 1 0 1120ms 0 0 1 1 1400ms 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 39 Bits 3 - 0 - RPT_RATE[3:0] - (default 0100b) Determines the time duration between interrupt assertions when auto repeat is enabled (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5.15. 0 1 0 0 1680ms 0 1 0 1 2240ms 0 1 1 0 2800ms 0 1 1 1 3360ms 1 0 0 0 3920ms 1 0 0 1 4480ms 1 0 1 0 5600ms (default) 1 0 1 1 6720ms 1 1 0 0 7840ms 1 1 0 1 8906ms 1 1 1 0 10080ms 1 1 1 1 11200ms Table 5.15 RPT_RATE Bit Decode RPT_RATE[3:0] 3 21 0 INTERRUPT REPEAT RATE 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms (default) 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms Table 5.14 MAX_DUR Bit Decode (continued) MAX_DUR[3:0] 32 1 0 TIME BEFORE RECALIBRATION 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 40  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.9 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register Bits 3 - 0 - M_PRESS[3:0] - (default 0111b) - Determines the minimum amount of time that sensor inputs configured to use auto repeat must detect a sensor pad touch to detect a “press and hold” event (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a “press and hold” event is detected. If a sensor input detects a touch for less than or equal to the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a touch event is detected. The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5.17. 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms Table 5.16 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 - - - - M_PRESS[3:0] 07h Table 5.17 M_PRESS Bit Decode M_PRESS[3:0] 3 21 0 M_PRESS SETTINGS 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms (default) 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms Table 5.15 RPT_RATE Bit Decode (continued) RPT_RATE[3:0] 3 21 0 INTERRUPT REPEAT RATE 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 41 5.10 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register The Averaging and Sampling Configuration register controls the number of samples taken and the target sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. Bits 6 - 4 - AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all channels enabled in the Active state during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5.19. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. For example, if CS1, CS2, and CS3 are sampled during the sensing cycle, and the AVG[2:0] bits are set to take 4 samples per channel, then the full sensing cycle will be: CS1, CS1, CS1, CS1, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS3, CS3, CS3, CS3. 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms Table 5.18 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config - AVG[2:0] SAMP_TIME[1:0] CYCLE_TIME [1:0] 39h Table 5.19 AVG Bit Decode AVG[2:0] NUMBER OF SAMPLES TAKEN 2 10 PER MEASUREMENT 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 Table 5.17 M_PRESS Bit Decode (continued) M_PRESS[3:0] 3 21 0 M_PRESS SETTINGS 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 42  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Bits 3 - 2 - SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample as shown in Table 5.20. Sample time affects the magnitude of the base counts, as shown in Table 4.1, "Ideal Base Counts". Bits 1 - 0 - CYCLE_TIME[1:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for channels enabled in the Active state, as shown in Table 5.21. All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (CYCLE_TIME[1:0]) is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 5.11 Calibration Activate and Status Register The Calibration Activate and Status Register serves a dual function: 1. It forces the selected sensor inputs to be calibrated, affecting both the analog and digital blocks (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When one or more bits are set, the device performs Table 5.20 SAMP_TIME Bit Decode SAMP_TIME[1:0] 1 0 SAMPLE TIME 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms Table 5.21 CYCLE_TIME Bit Decode CYCLE_TIME[1:0] PROGRAMMED SENSING CYCLE 1 0 TIME 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms Table 5.22 Calibration Activate and Status Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status - - CS6_ CAL CS5_ CAL CS4_ CAL CS3_ CAL CS2_ CAL CS1_ CAL 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 43 the calibration routine on the corresponding sensor inputs. When the analog calibration routine is finished, the CALX[9:0] bits are updated (see Section 5.29, "Sensor Input Calibration Registers"). If the analog calibration routine completed successfully for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is automatically cleared. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, bits can be set by host or are automatically set by the device whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (such as coming out of Deep Sleep, after power-on reset, when a bit is set in the Sensor Enable Channel Enable register (21h) and the device is in the Active state, or when a bit is set in the Standby Channel Enable Register (40h) and the device is in the Standby state). 2. It serves as an indicator of an analog calibration failure. If any of the bits could not be cleared, the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). A bit will fail to clear if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits for failures unless the ACAL_FAIL bit is set. In addition, if a sensor input is newly enabled, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits until time has elapsed to complete calibration on the sensor input. Otherwise, the ACAL_FAIL bit may be set for one sensor input, but the newly enabled sensor input may still be set to ‘1’ in the Calibration Activate and Status, not because it failed, but because it has not been calibrated yet. For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - No action needed.  ‘1’ - Writing a ‘1’, forces a calibration on the corresponding sensor input. If the ACAL_FAIL flag is set and this bit is set (see application note above), the sensor input could not complete analog calibration. Bit 5 - CS6_CAL - Bit for CS6 input. Bit 4 - CS5_CAL - Bit for CS5 input. Bit 3 - CS4_CAL - Bit for CS4 input. Bit 2 - CS3_CAL - Bit for CS3 input. Bit 1 - CS2_CAL - Bit for CS2 input. Bit 0 - CS1_CAL - Bit for CS1 input. APPLICATION NOTE: Writing a ‘0’ to clear a ‘1’ may cause a planned calibration to be skipped, if the calibration routine had not reached the sensor input yet. 5.12 Interrupt Enable Register The Interrupt Enable register determines whether a sensor pad touch or release (if enabled) causes an interrupt (see Section 4.9, "Interrupts"). Table 5.23 Interrupt Enable Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 27h R/W Interrupt Enable - - CS6_ INT_EN CS5_ INT_EN CS4_ INT_EN CS3_ INT_EN CS2_ INT_EN CS1_ INT_EN 3Fh 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 44  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The ALERT# pin will not be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input.  ‘1’ (default) - The ALERT# pin will be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input. Bit 5 - CS6_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS6 (associated with the CS6 status bit). Bit 4 - CS5_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS5 (associated with the CS5 status bit). Bit 3 - CS4_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS4 (associated with the CS4 status bit). Bit 2 - CS3_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS3 (associated with the CS3 status bit). Bit 1 - CS2_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS2 (associated with the CS2 status bit). Bit 0 - CS1_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS1 (associated with the CS1 status bit). 5.13 Repeat Rate Enable Register The Repeat Rate Enable register enables the repeat rate of the sensor inputs as described in Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior". For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is disabled. It will only generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and when a release is detected (if enabled) no matter how long the touch is held.  ‘1’ (default) - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is enabled. In the case of a “touch” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and a release is detected (as determined by the INT_REL_n bit - see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). In the case of a “press and hold” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and at the repeat rate so long as the touch is held. Bit 5 - CS6_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 6. Bit 4 - CS5_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 5. Bit 3 - CS4_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 4. Bit 2 - CS3_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 3. Bit 1 - CS2_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 2. Bit 0 - CS1_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 1. Table 5.24 Repeat Rate Enable Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable - - CS6_ RPT_EN CS5_ RPT_EN CS4_ RPT_EN CS3_ RPT_EN CS2_ RPT_EN CS1_ RPT_EN 3Fh 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 45 5.14 Signal Guard Enable Register The Signal Guard Enable register enables the signal guard for the specified sensor inputs as described in Section 4.5.1, "Signal Guard". When the signal guard is enabled, CS3 is disabled. For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ (default) - The signal guard is disabled for the specified sensor input.  ‘1’ - The signal guard is enabled for the specified sensor input. Bit 5 - CS6_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 6. Bit 4 - CS5_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 5. Bit 3 - CS4_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 4. Bit 1 - CS2_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 2. Bit 0 - CS1_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 1. 5.15 Multiple Touch Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch detection circuitry. These settings determine the number of simultaneous buttons that may be pressed before additional buttons are blocked and the MULT status bit is set. Bit 7 - MULT_BLK_EN - Enables the multiple button blocking circuitry.  ‘0’ - The multiple touch circuitry is disabled. The device will not block multiple touches.  ‘1’ (default) - The multiple touch circuitry is enabled. The device will flag the number of touches equal to programmed multiple touch threshold and block all others. It will remember which sensor inputs are valid and block all others until that sensor pad has been released. Once a sensor pad has been released, the N detected touches (determined via the sensing cycle order of CS1 - CS6) will be flagged and all others blocked. Bits 3 - 2 - B_MULT_T[1:0] - Determines the number of simultaneous touches on all sensor pads before a Multiple Touch Event is detected and sensor inputs are blocked. The bit decode is given by Table 5.27. Table 5.25 Signal Guard Enable Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 29h R/W Signal Guard Enable - - CS6_ SG_EN CS5_ SG_EN CS4_ SG_EN - CS2_ SG_EN CS1_ SG_EN 00h Table 5.26 Multiple Touch Configuration ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Config MULT_ BLK_ EN - - - B_MULT_T[1:0] - - 80h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 46  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.16 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry. This circuitry works like the multiple touch detection circuitry with the following differences: 1. The detection threshold is a percentage of the touch detection threshold as defined by the MTP_TH[1:0] bits whereas the multiple touch circuitry uses the touch detection threshold. 2. The MTP detection circuitry either will detect a specific pattern of sensor inputs as determined by the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings or it will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings to determine a minimum number of sensor inputs that will cause the MTP circuitry to flag an event (see Section 5.17, "Multiple Touch Pattern Register"). When using pattern recognition mode, if all of the sensor inputs set by the Multiple Touch Pattern register have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have their corresponding Noise Flag Status bits set, the MTP bit will be set. When using the absolute number mode, if the number of sensor inputs with thresholds above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than this number, the MTP bit will be set. 3. When an MTP event occurs, all touches are blocked and an interrupt is generated. 4. All sensor inputs will remain blocked so long as the requisite number of sensor inputs are above the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Once this condition is removed, touch detection will be restored. Note that the MTP status bit is only cleared by writing a ‘0’ to the INT bit once the condition has been removed. Bit 7 - MTP_EN - Enables the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry.  ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry is disabled.  ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry is enabled. Bits 3 - 2 - MTP_TH[1:0] - Determine the MTP threshold, as shown in Table 5.29. This threshold is a percentage of sensor input threshold (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") for inputs enabled in the Active state or of the standby threshold (see Section 5.25, "Standby Threshold Register") for inputs enabled in the Standby state. Table 5.27 B_MULT_T Bit Decode B_MULT_T[1:0] 1 0 NUMBER OF SIMULTANEOUS TOUCHES 0 0 1 (default) 01 2 10 3 11 4 Table 5.28 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Config MTP_ EN - - - MTP_TH[1:0] COMP_ PTRN MTP_ ALERT 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 47 Bit 1 - COMP_PTRN - Determines whether the MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register as a specific pattern of sensor inputs or as an absolute number of sensor inputs.  ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register bit settings as an absolute minimum number of sensor inputs that must be above the threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. The number will be equal to the number of bits set in the register.  ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry will use pattern recognition. Each bit set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register indicates a specific sensor input that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have a Noise Flag Status bit set. If the criteria are met, the MTP status bit will be set. Bit 0 - MTP_ALERT - Enables an interrupt if an MTP event occurs. In either condition, the MTP status bit will be set.  ‘0’ (default) - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin is not asserted.  ‘1’ - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin will be asserted. 5.17 Multiple Touch Pattern Register The Multiple Touch Pattern register acts as a pattern to identify an expected sensor input profile for diagnostics or other significant events. There are two methods for how the Multiple Touch Pattern register is used: as specific sensor inputs or number of sensor input that must exceed the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Which method is used is based on the COMP_PTRN bit (see Section 5.16). The methods are described below. 1. Specific Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the specific sensor inputs above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set match those bits set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register, an MTP event is flagged. 2. Number of Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the number of sensor inputs with a delta count above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than the number of pattern bits set, an MTP event is flagged. Table 5.29 MTP_TH Bit Decode MTP_TH[1:0] 1 0 THRESHOLD DIVIDE SETTING 0 0 12.5% (default) 0 1 25% 1 0 37.5% 1 1 100% Table 5.30 Multiple Touch Pattern Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern - - CS6_ PTRN CS5_ PTRN CS4_ PTRN CS3_ PTRN CS2_ PTRN CS1_ PTRN 3Fh 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 48  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The specified sensor input is not considered a part of the pattern.  ‘1’ - The specified sensor input is considered a part of the pattern, or the absolute number of sensor inputs that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have the Noise Flag Status bit set is increased by 1. Bit 5 - CS6_PTRN - Determines whether CS6 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 4 - CS5_PTRN - Determines whether CS5 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 3 - CS4_PTRN - Determines whether CS4 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 2 - CS3_PTRN - Determines whether CS3 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 1 - CS2_PTRN - Determines whether CS2 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 0 - CS1_PTRN - Determines whether CS1 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. 5.18 Base Count Out of Limit Register The Base Count Out of Limit Register indicates which sensor inputs have base counts out of limit (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When these bits are set, the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ - The base count for the specified sensor input is in the operating range.  ‘1’ - The base count of the specified sensor input is not in the operating range. Bit 5 - BC_OUT_6 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 4 - BC_OUT_5 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 3 - BC_OUT_4 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 2 - BC_OUT_3 - Indicates whether CS3 has a base count out of limit. Bit 1 - BC_OUT_2 - Indicates whether CS2 has a base count out of limit. Bit 0 - BC_OUT_1 - Indicates whether CS1 has a base count out of limit. 5.19 Recalibration Configuration Register Table 5.31 Base Count Out of Limit Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit - - BC_ OUT_ 6 BC_ OUT_ 5 BC_ OUT_ 4 BC_ OUT_ 3 BC_ OUT_ 2 BC_ OUT_ 1 00h Table 5.32 Recalibration Configuration Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration BUT_ LD_TH NO_CLR _INTD NO_CLR _NEG NEG_DELTA_ CNT[1:0] CAL_CFG[2:0] 8Ah 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 49 The Recalibration Configuration register controls some recalibration routine settings (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration") as well as advanced controls to program the Sensor Input Threshold register settings. Bit 7 - BUT_LD_TH - Enables setting all Sensor Input Threshold registers by writing to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register.  ‘0’ - Each Sensor Input X Threshold register is updated individually.  ‘1’ (default) - Writing the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will automatically overwrite the Sensor Input Threshold registers for all sensor inputs (Sensor Input Threshold 1 through Sensor Input Threshold 6). The individual Sensor Input X Threshold registers (Sensor Input 2 Threshold through Sensor Input 6 Threshold) can be individually updated at any time. Bit 6 - NO_CLR_INTD - Controls whether the accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set.  ‘0’ (default) - The accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set.  ‘1’ - The accumulation of intermediate data is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. APPLICATION NOTE: Bits 5 and 6 should both be set to the same value. Either both should be set to ‘0’ or both should be set to ‘1’. Bit 5 - NO_CLR_NEG - Controls whether the consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set.  ‘0’ (default) - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set.  ‘1’ - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. Bits 4 - 3 - NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] - Determines the number of negative delta counts necessary to trigger a digital recalibration (see Section 4.4.2, "Negative Delta Count Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5.33. Bits 2 - 0 - CAL_CFG[2:0] - Determines the update time and number of samples of the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). The settings apply to all sensor inputs universally (though individual sensor inputs can be configured to support recalibration - see Section 5.11). Table 5.33 NEG_DELTA_CNT Bit Decode NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] NUMBER OF CONSECUTIVE NEGATIVE DELTA 1 0 COUNT VALUES 00 8 0 1 16 (default) 1 0 32 1 1 None (disabled) 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 50  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Note 5.1 Recalibration Samples refers to the number of samples that are measured and averaged before the Base Count is updated however does not control the base count update period. Note 5.2 Update Time refers to the amount of time (in sensing cycle periods) that elapses before the Base Count is updated. The time will depend upon the number of channels enabled, the averaging setting, and the programmed sensing cycle time. 5.20 Sensor Input Threshold Registers The Sensor Input Threshold registers store the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. Table 5.34 CAL_CFG Bit Decode CAL_CFG[2:0] RECALIBRATION SAMPLES (SEE Note 5.1) UPDATE TIME (SEE 210 Note 5.2) 0 0 0 16 16 0 0 1 32 32 0 1 0 64 64 (default) 0 1 1 128 128 1 0 0 256 256 1 0 1 256 1024 1 1 0 256 2048 1 1 1 256 4096 Table 5.35 Sensor Input Threshold Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 33h R/W Sensor Input 4 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 34h R/W Sensor Input 5 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 35h R/W Sensor Input 6 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 51 When the BUT_LD_TH bit is set (see Section 5.19 - bit 7), writing data to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will update all of the Sensor Input Threshold registers (31h - 35h inclusive). 5.21 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register The Sensor Input Noise Threshold register controls the value of a secondary internal threshold to detect noise and improve the automatic recalibration routine. If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Input Noise Threshold but does not exceed the sensor input threshold, it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. That sample is not used by the automatic recalibration routine. This feature can be disabled by setting the DIS_DIG_NOISE bit. Bits 1-0 - CS1_BN_TH[1:0] - Controls the noise threshold for all capacitive touch sensor inputs, as shown in Table 5.37. The threshold is proportional to the threshold setting. 5.22 Standby Channel Register The Standby Channel register controls which (if any) capacitive touch sensor inputs are enabled in Standby (see Section 4.3.1.2, "Standby State Sensing Settings"). For all bits in this register:  ‘0’ (default) - The specified channel will not be monitored in Standby.  ‘1’ - The specified channel will be monitored in Standby. It will use the standby threshold setting, and the standby averaging and sensitivity settings. Table 5.36 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold - - ---- CS_BN_TH [1:0] 01h Table 5.37 CSx_BN_TH Bit Decode CS_BN_TH[1:0] 1 0 PERCENT THRESHOLD SETTING 0 0 25% 0 1 37.5% (default) 1 0 50% 1 1 62.5% Table 5.38 Standby Channel Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 40h R/W Standby Channel - - CS6_ STBY CS5_ STBY CS4_ STBY CS3_ STBY CS2_ STBY CS1_ STBY 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 52  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Bit 5 - CS6_STBY - Controls whether the CS6 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 4 - CS5_STBY - Controls whether the CS5 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 3 - CS4_STBY - Controls whether the CS4 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 2 - CS3_STBY - Controls whether the CS3 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 1 - CS2_STBY - Controls whether the CS2 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 0 - CS1_STBY - Controls whether the CS1 channel is enabled in Standby. 5.23 Standby Configuration Register The Standby Configuration register controls averaging and sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. This register allows the user to change averaging and sample times on a limited number of sensor inputs in Standby and still maintain normal functionality in the Active state. Bit 7 - AVG_SUM - Determines whether the sensor inputs enabled in Standby will average the programmed number of samples or whether they will accumulate for the programmed number of samples.  ‘0’ - (default) - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the average of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold.  ‘1’ - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the summation of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold. Caution should be used with this setting as a touch may overflow the delta count registers and may result in false readings. Bits 6 - 4 - STBY_AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all Standby enabled channels during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5.40. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. Table 5.39 Standby Configuration Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 41h R/W Standby Configuration AVG_ SUM STBY_AVG[2:0] STBY_SAMP_ TIME[1:0] STBY_CY_TIME [1:0] 39h Table 5.40 STBY_AVG Bit Decode STBY_AVG[2:0] NUMBER OF SAMPLES TAKEN 2 10 PER MEASUREMENT 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 53 Bit 3 - 2 - STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample for sensor inputs enabled in Standby as shown in Table 5.41. Bits 1 - 0 - STBY_CY_TIME[2:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled during Standby, as shown in Table 5.42. This control is also used to determine programmed cycle time in the Combo state (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings"). All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (STDBY_CY_TIME[1:0] is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The STBY_AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 Table 5.41 STBY_SAMP_TIME Bit Decode STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] 1 0 SAMPLING TIME 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms Table 5.42 STBY_CY_TIME Bit Decode STBY_CY_TIME[1:0] PROGRAMMED SENSING CYCLE 1 0 TIME 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms Table 5.40 STBY_AVG Bit Decode (continued) STBY_AVG[2:0] NUMBER OF SAMPLES TAKEN 2 10 PER MEASUREMENT 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 54  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.24 Standby Sensitivity Register The Standby Sensitivity register controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. Bits 2 - 0 - STBY_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs that are enabled in Standby. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches than higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitivity settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a ΔC of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a ΔC of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). 5.25 Standby Threshold Register Table 5.43 Standby Sensitivity Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity - - - - - STBY_SENSE[2:0] 02h Table 5.44 STBY_SENSE Bit Decode STBY_SENSE[2:0] 210 SENSITIVITY MULTIPLIER 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) Table 5.45 Standby Threshold Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 43h R/W Standby Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 55 The Standby Threshold register stores the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. 5.26 Sensor Input Base Count Registers The Sensor Input Base Count registers store the calibrated “not touched” input value from the capacitive touch sensor inputs. These registers are periodically updated by the calibration and recalibration routines. The routine uses an internal adder to add the current count value for each reading to the sum of the previous readings until sample size has been reached. At this point, the upper 16 bits are taken and used as the Sensor Input Base Count. The internal adder is then reset and the recalibration routine continues. The data presented is determined by the BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits (see Section 5.5). 5.27 Power Button Register The Power Button Register indicates the sensor input that has been designated as the power button (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). Bits 2 - 0 - PWR_BTN[2:0] - When the power button feature is enabled, this control indicates the sensor input to be used as the power button. The decode is shown in Table 5.48. Table 5.46 Sensor Input Base Count Registers ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 53h R Sensor Input 4 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 54h R Sensor Input 5 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 55h R Sensor Input 6 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h Table 5.47 Power Button Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 60h R/W Power Button - - - - - PWR_BTN[2:0] 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 56  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.28 Power Button Configuration Register The Power Button Configuration Register controls the length of time that the designated power button must indicate a touch before an interrupt is generated and the power status indicator is set (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). Bit 6 - STBY_PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Standby state.  ‘0’ (default) - The Standby power button circuitry is disabled.  ‘1’ - The Standby power button circuitry is enabled. Bits 5 - 4 - STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5.50, that the power button must be held in the Standby state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. Bit 2 - PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Active state.  ‘0’ (default) - The power button circuitry is disabled in the Active state.  ‘1’ -The power button circuitry is enabled in the Active state. Bits 1 - 0 - PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5.50, that the power button must be held in the Active state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. Table 5.48 PWR_BTN Bit Decode PWR_BTN[3:0] 201 SENSOR INPUT DESIGNATED AS POWER BUTTON 0 0 0 CS1 0 0 1 CS2 0 1 0 CS3 0 1 1 CS4 1 0 0 CS5 1 0 1 CS6 Table 5.49 Power Button Configuration Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 61h R/W Power Button Configuration - STBY_ PWR_ EN STBY_PWR_ TIME [1:0] - PWR_ EN PWR_TIME [1:0] 22h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 57 5.29 Sensor Input Calibration Registers The Sensor Input Calibration registers hold the 10-bit value that represents the last calibration value. The value represents the capacitance applied to the internal sensing circuits to balance the capacitance of the sensor input pad. Minimum (000h) and maximum (3FFh) values indicate analog calibration failure (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). Table 5.50 Power Button Time Bits Decode PWR_TIME[1:0] / STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] 1 0 POWER BUTTON TOUCH HOLD TIME 0 0 280ms 0 1 560ms 1 0 1.12 sec (default) 1 1 2.24 sec Table 5.51 Sensor Input Calibration Registers ADDR REGISTER R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT B1h Sensor Input 1 Calibration R CAL1_9 CAL1_8 CAL1_7 CAL1_6 CAL1_5 CAL1_4 CAL1_3 CAL1_2 00h B2h Sensor Input 2 Calibration R CAL2_9 CAL2_8 CAL2_7 CAL2_6 CAL2_5 CAL2_4 CAL2_3 CAL2_2 00h B3h Sensor Input 3 Calibration R CAL3_9 CAL3_8 CAL3_7 CAL3_6 CAL3_5 CAL3_4 CAL3_3 CAL3_2 00h B4h Sensor Input 4 Calibration R CAL4_9 CAL4_8 CAL4_7 CAL4_6 CAL4_5 CAL4_4 CAL4_3 CAL4_2 00h B5h Sensor Input 5 Calibration R CAL5_9 CAL5_8 CAL5_7 CAL5_6 CAL5_5 CAL5_4 CAL5_3 CAL5_2 00h B6h Sensor Input 6 Calibration R CAL6_9 CAL6_8 CAL6_7 CAL6_6 CAL6_5 CAL6_4 CAL6_3 CAL6_2 00h B9h Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 R CAL4_1 CAL4_0 CAL3_1 CAL3_0 CAL2_1 CAL2_0 CAL1_1 CAL1_0 00h BAh Sensor Input Calibration LSB 2 R - - - - CAL6_1 CAL6_0 CAL5_1 CAL5_0 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 58  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.30 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Registers CALSENx[1:0] - Controls the gain used by the calibration routine to enable sensor inputs to be more sensitive for proximity detection. Gain is based on capacitance touch pad capacitance ranges, as shown in Table 5.53. Since each sensor input can have a different pad capacitance, each sensor input has a control. 5.31 Product ID Register The Product ID register stores a unique 8-bit value that identifies the device. 5.32 Manufacturer ID Register The Vendor ID register stores an 8-bit value that represents MCHP. Table 5.52 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Registers ADDR REGISTER R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT 80h Calibration Sensitivity Config 1 R/W CALSEN4[1:0] CALSEN3[1:0] CALSEN2[1:0] CALSEN1[1:0] 00h 81h Calibration Sensitivity Config 2 R/W - - - - CALSEN6[1:0] CALSEN5[1:0] 00h Table 5.53 CALSENX Bit Decode CALSENX[1:0] GAIN CAPACITIVE TOUCH PAD 1 0 CAPACITANCE RANGE 0 0 1 5-50pF (default) 0 1 2 0-25pF 1 0 4 0-12.5pF Table 5.54 Product ID Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT FDh R Product ID CAP1296-1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 69h Table 5.55 Vendor ID Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT FEh R Manufacturer ID 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 5Dh 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 59 5.33 Revision Register The Revision register stores an 8-bit value that represents the part revision. Table 5.56 Revision Register ADDR R/W REGISTER B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 DEFAULT FFh R Revision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 60  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Chapter 6 Package Information 6.1 CAP1296 Package Drawings Figure 6.1 CAP1296 Package Drawing - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 61 Figure 6.2 CAP1296 Package Dimensions - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm Figure 6.3 CAP1296 PCB Land Pattern and Stencil - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 62  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Figure 6.4 CAP1296 PCB Detail A - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 63 Figure 6.5 CAP1296 PCB Detail B - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm Figure 6.6 CAP1296 Land Dimensions - 10-Pin DFN 3mm x 3mm 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 64  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 6.2 Package Marking Figure 6.7 CAP1296-1 Package Marking BOTTOM LINE 1: Device code, first 2 of last 6 digits of lot number LINE 2: Last 4 digits of lot number TOP e4 PIN 1 BOTTOM MARKING IS NOT ALLOWED 2 9 L L L L L L 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 65 Appendix A Device Delta A.1 Delta from CAP1106-1 to CAP1296-1 The CAP1296 is pin- and register-compatible with the CAP1106, with the exception of the ALT_POL bit. 1. Revision ID set to 00h. 2. Added Power Button feature (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). 3. Added ACAL_FAIL bit to flag analog calibration failures (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and ACAL_FAIL_INT bit to control analog calibration failure interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 4. Added BC_OUT bit to flag calibration failures regarding base counts out of limit (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and BC_OUT_RECAL and BC_OUT_INT bit to control base count out of limit behavior and interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Added Base Count Out of Limit Register to indicate which sensor inputs have base counts outside the operating range (see Section 5.18, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). 5. New Combo state has been added which allows some sensors programmed to use the Active state settings and other sensors programmed to use the Standby state settings to function at the same time (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings"). 6. Added an option for a signal guard that is overloaded with the CS2 pin. This signal guard is configured to power a ground shield for improved signal in certain applications (see Section 4.5.1, "Signal Guard"). 7. Increased supply voltage range for 5V operation. 8. Increased operating temperature range from 0°C - 85°C to -40°C to 125°C. 9. Removed ALERT pin configuration (ALT_POL bit). 10. Register additions are shown in Table A.1, "Register Delta". Table A.1 Register Delta ADDRESS REGISTER DELTA DELTA DEFAULT 00h Page 30 Added bits - Main Control Register Added C_GAIN[1:0] and COMBO bits. Changed function of GAIN[1:0] bits if COMBO bit is set. 00h 02h Page 32 Added bits - General Status Register Added bit 4 PWR for new Power Button feature. Added bit 5 ACAL_FAIL to indicate analog calibration failure. Added bit 6 BC_OUT. 00h 26h Page 42 Renamed Calibration Activate and Status Register and added functionality In addition to forcing a calibration, the register also indicates the status of calibration for each sensor input. 00h 29h Page 45 New - Signal Guard Enable Register new register for Signal Guard feature 00h 2Eh Page 48 New - Base Count Out of Limit Register new register for calibration status 00h 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 66  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 44h Page 36 Added and removed bits - Configuration 2 Register Added bit 1 ACAL_FAIL_INT. Added bit 4 BC_OUT_INT. Changed bit 6 from ALT_POL to BC_OUT_RECAL. 40h 60h Page 55 New - Power Button Register new register for Power Button feature 00h 61h Page 56 New - Power Button Configuration Register new register for configuring the Power Button feature 00h 80h Page 58 Added - Calibration Sensitivity Config 1 new register for proximity 00h 81h Page 58 Added - Calibration Sensitivity Config 2 new register for proximity 00h FDh Page 58 Changed - Product ID New product ID for CAP1296-1 69h FFh Page 59 Changed - Revision Register Revision changed. 00h Table A.1 Register Delta (continued) ADDRESS REGISTER DELTA DELTA DEFAULT 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS01569A-page 67 Revision History Table 6.1 Revision History REVISION LEVEL AND DATE SECTION/FIGURE/ENTRY CORRECTION CAP1296 Revision A replaces the previous SMSC version Revision 1.0 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard Datasheet DS01569A-page 68  2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. 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 2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 1 General Description The CAP1206 is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor controller. It contains six (6) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. The CAP1206 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1206 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. Power consumption in the Standby state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. Applications • Desktop and Notebook PCs • LCD Monitors • Consumer Electronics • Appliances Features • Six (6) Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs - Programmable sensitivity - Automatic recalibration - Calibrates for parasitic capacitance - Individual thresholds for each button • Multiple Button Pattern Detection • Power Button Support • Press and Hold Feature for Volume-like Applications • 3.3V or 5V Supply • Analog Filtering for System Noise Sources • RF Detection and Avoidance Filters • Digital EMI Blocker • 8kV ESD Rating on All Pins (HBM) • Low Power Operation - 5µA quiescent current in Deep Sleep - 50µA quiescent current in Standby (1 sensor input monitored) - Samples one or more channels in Standby • SMBus / I2C Compliant Communication Interface • Available in a 10-pin 3mm x 3mm DFN RoHS compliant package CAP1206 6-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 2  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 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DS00001567B-page 3 CAP1206 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 Pin Description and Configuration .................................................................................................................................................. 8 3.0 Functional Description .................................................................................................................................................................. 21 4.0 Register Descriptions .................................................................................................................................................................... 58 5.0 Operational Characteristics ........................................................................................................................................................... 69 6.0 Package Outline ............................................................................................................................................................................ 85 Appendix A: Data Sheet Revision History ........................................................................................................................................... 91 The Microchip Web Site ...................................................................................................................................................................... 93 Customer Change Notification Service ............................................................................................................................................... 93 Customer Support ............................................................................................................................................................................... 93 Product Identification System ............................................................................................................................................................. 94  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 4 CAP1206 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Block Diagram 1.2 Pin Diagrams FIGURE 1-1: CAP1206 BLOCK DIAGRAM FIGURE 1-2: CAP1206 14-PIN SOIC SMBus Protocol VDD GND Capacitive Touch Sensing Algorithm CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4 CS5 SMCLK SMDATA ALERT# CS6CAP1206 1 2 3 4 14 13 12 11 5 6 7 10 9 8 N/C CS1 ALERT# SMDAT SMCLK N/C N/C CS2 CS3 CS4 CS5 CS6 VDD GND CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 5  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 1-3: CAP1206 PIN DIAGRAM (10-PIN 3 X 3 MM DFN) TABLE 1-1: PIN DESCRIPTION FOR CAP1206 QFN Pin # SOIC Pin # Pin Name Pin Function Pin Type Unused Connection 1 2 CS1 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 1 AIO Connect to Ground 2 3 ALERT# ALERT# - Active low alert / interrupt output for SMBus alert - requires pull-up resistor (default) OD Connect to Ground 3 4 SMDATA SMDATA - Bi-directional, open-drain SMBus or I2C data - requires pull-up resistor DIOD n/a 4 5 SMCLK SMCLK - SMBus or I2C clock input - requires pull-up resistor DI n/a 5 7 VDD Positive Power supply Power n/a 6 9 CS6 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 6 AIO Connect to Ground 7 10 CS5 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 5 AIO Connect to Ground 8 11 CS4 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 4 AIO Connect to Ground 9 12 CS3 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 3 AIO Connect to Ground 10 13 CS2 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 2 AIO Connect to Ground Bottom Pad 8 GND Ground Power n/a CS3 1 CS2 2 3 4 5 CS4 CS1 ALERT# SMDATA VDD SMCLK CS5 CS6 GND 10 9 8 7 6  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 6 CAP1206 1.3 Pin Description APPLICATION NOTE: All digital pins are 5V tolerant pins. The pin types are described in Table 1-2, "Pin Types". TABLE 1-2: PIN TYPES Pin Type Description Power This pin is used to supply power or ground to the device. DI Digital Input - This pin is used as a digital input. This pin is 5V tolerant. AIO Analog Input / Output - This pin is used as an I/O for analog signals. DIOD Digital Input / Open Drain Output - This pin is used as a digital I/O. When it is used as an output, it is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. OD Open Drain Digital Output - This pin is used as a digital output. It is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant.  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 7 CAP1206 2.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Note 2-1 Stresses above those listed could cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any other condition above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Note 2-2 For the 5V tolerant pins that have a pull-up resistor, the voltage difference between V5VT_PIN and VDD must never exceed 3.6V. Note 2-3 The Package Power Dissipation specification assumes a recommended thermal via design consisting of a 2x3 matrix of 0.3mm (12mil) vias at 0.9mm pitch connected to the ground plane with a 1.6 x 2.3mm thermal landing. Note 2-4 Junction to Ambient (JA) is dependent on the design of the thermal vias. Without thermal vias and a thermal landing, the JA will be higher. TABLE 2-1: ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltage on VDD pin -0.3 to 6.5 V Voltage on CS pins to GND -0.3 to 4.0 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (V5VT_PIN) -0.3 to 5.5 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (|V5VT_PIN - VDD|) (see Note 2-2) 0 to 3.6 V Input current to any pin except VDD +10 mA Output short circuit current Continuous N/A Package Power Dissipation up to TA = 85°C for 10-pin DFN (see Note 2-3) 0.5 W Junction to Ambient (JA) (see Note 2-4) 78 °C/W Operating Ambient Temperature Range -40 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Range -55 to 150 °C ESD Rating, All Pins, HBM 8000 V CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 8  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 2-2: ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions DC Power Supply Voltage VDD 3.0 5.5 V Supply Current ISTBY_DEF 120 170 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored Default conditions (8 avg, 70ms cycle time) ISTBY_LP 50 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored 1 avg, 140ms cycle time IDSLEEP_3V 5 TBD µA Deep Sleep state active No communications TA < 40°C 3.135 < VDD < 3.465V IDD 500 750 µA Capacitive Sensing Active Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs Maximum Base Capacitance CBASE 50 pF Pad untouched Minimum Detectable Capacitive Shift CTOUCH 20 fF Pad touched - default conditions Recommended Cap Shift CTOUCH 0.1 2 pF Pad touched - Not tested Power Supply Rejection PSR ±3 ±10 counts / V Untouched Current Counts Base Capacitance 5pF - 50pF Negative Delta Counts disabled Maximum sensitivity All other parameters default Power-On and Brown-out Reset (see Section 4.2, "Reset") Power-On Reset Voltage VPOR 1 1.3 V Pin States Defined Power-On Reset Release Voltage VPORR 2.85 V Rising VDD Ensured by design Brown-Out Reset VBOR 2.8 V Falling VDD VDD Rise Rate (ensures internal POR signal) SVDD 0.05 V/ms 0 to 3V in 60ms Power-Up Timer Period tPWRT 10 ms Brown-Out Reset Voltage Delay tBORDC 1 µs VDD = VBOR - 1  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 9 CAP1206 Timing Time to Communications Ready tCOMM_DLY 15 ms Time to First Conversion Ready tCONV_DLY 170 200 ms I/O Pins Output Low Voltage VOL 0.4 V ISINK_IO = 8mA Output High Voltage VOH VDD - 0.4 V ISOURCE_IO = 8mA Input High Voltage VIH 2.0 V Input Low Voltage VIL 0.8 V Leakage Current ILEAK ±5 µA powered or unpowered TA < 85°C pull-up voltage < 3.6V if unpowered SMBus Timing Input Capacitance CIN 5 pF Clock Frequency fSMB 10 400 kHz Spike Suppression tSP 50 ns Bus Free Time Stop to Start tBUF 1.3 µs Start Setup Time tSU:STA 0.6 µs Start Hold Time tHD:STA 0.6 µs Stop Setup Time tSU:STO 0.6 µs Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 µs When transmitting to the master Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0.3 µs When receiving from the master Data Setup Time tSU:DAT 0.6 µs Clock Low Period tLOW 1.3 µs Clock High Period tHIGH 0.6 µs Clock / Data Fall Time tFALL 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns Clock / Data Rise Time tRISE 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns Capacitive Load CLOAD 400 pF per bus line TABLE 2-2: ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 10 CAP1206 3.0 COMMUNICATIONS 3.1 Communications The CAP1206 communicates using the SMBus or I2C protocol. 3.2 System Management Bus The CAP1206 communicates with a host controller, such as an MCHP SIO, through the SMBus. The SMBus is a twowire serial communication protocol between a computer host and its peripheral devices. A detailed timing diagram is shown in Figure 3-1. Stretching of the SMCLK signal is supported; however, the CAP1206 will not stretch the clock signal. 3.2.1 SMBUS START BIT The SMBus Start bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘1’ state to a logic ‘0’ state while the SMBus Clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. 3.2.2 SMBUS ADDRESS AND RD / WR BIT The SMBus Address Byte consists of the 7-bit client address followed by the RD / WR indicator bit. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘0’, then the SMBus Host is writing data to the client device. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘1’, then the SMBus Host is reading data from the client device. 3.2.3 The CAP1206responds to SMBus address 0101_000(r/w). SMBUS DATA BYTES All SMBus Data bytes are sent most significant bit first and composed of 8-bits of information. 3.2.4 SMBUS ACK AND NACK BITS The SMBus client will acknowledge all data bytes that it receives. This is done by the client device pulling the SMBus Data line low after the 8th bit of each byte that is transmitted. This applies to both the Write Byte and Block Write protocols. The Host will NACK (not acknowledge) the last data byte to be received from the client by holding the SMBus data line high after the 8th data bit has been sent. For the Block Read protocol, the Host will ACK each data byte that it receives except the last data byte. 3.2.5 SMBUS STOP BIT The SMBus Stop bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘0’ state to a logic ‘1’ state while the SMBus clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. When the CAP1206 detects an SMBus Stop bit and it has been communicating with the SMBus protocol, it will reset its client interface and prepare to receive further communications. FIGURE 3-1: SMBUS TIMING DIAGRAM SMDATA SMCLK TBUF P S S - Start Condition P - Stop Condition S P T LOW T HIGH T HD:STA T SU:STO T HD:STA T HD:DAT T SU:DAT T SU:STA T FALL T RISE CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 11  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.2.6 SMBUS TIMEOUT The CAP1206 includes an SMBus timeout feature. Following a 30ms period of inactivity on the SMBus where the SMCLK pin is held low, the device will timeout and reset the SMBus interface. The timeout function defaults to disabled. It can be enabled by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 3.2.7 SMBUS AND I2C COMPATIBILITY The major differences between SMBus and I2C devices are highlighted here. For more information, refer to the SMBus 2.0 specification. 1. CAP1206supports I2C fast mode at 400kHz. This covers the SMBus max time of 100kHz. 2. Minimum frequency for SMBus communications is 10kHz. 3. The SMBus client protocol will reset if the clock is held low longer than 30ms (timeout condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1206 by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have a timeout. 4. The SMBus client protocol will reset if both the clock and the data line are high for longer than 200us (idle condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1206by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have an idle condition. 5. I2C devices do not support the Alert Response Address functionality (which is optional for SMBus). 6. I2C devices support block read and write differently. I2C protocol allows for unlimited number of bytes to be sent in either direction. The SMBus protocol requires that an additional data byte indicating number of bytes to read / write is transmitted. The CAP1206 supports I2C formatting only. 3.3 SMBus Protocols The CAP1206 is SMBus 2.0 compatible and supports Write Byte, Read Byte, Send Byte, and Receive Byte as valid protocols as shown below. All of the below protocols use the convention in Table 3-1. 3.3.1 SMBUS WRITE BYTE The Write Byte is used to write one byte of data to a specific register as shown in Table 3-2. 3.3.2 SMBUS READ BYTE The Read Byte protocol is used to read one byte of data from the registers as shown in Table 3-3. TABLE 3-1: PROTOCOL FORMAT Data Sent to Device Data Sent to the HOst Data sent Data sent TABLE 3-2: WRITE BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Register Data ACK Stop 1 ->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 12 CAP1206 3.3.3 SMBUS SEND BYTE The Send Byte protocol is used to set the internal address register pointer to the correct address location. No data is transferred during the Send Byte protocol as shown in Table 3-4. APPLICATION NOTE: The Send Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). 3.3.4 SMBUS RECEIVE BYTE The Receive Byte protocol is used to read data from a register when the internal register address pointer is known to be at the right location (e.g. set via Send Byte). This is used for consecutive reads of the same register as shown in Table 3-5. APPLICATION NOTE: The Receive Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). 3.4 I2C Protocols The CAP1206 supports I2C Block Read and Block Write. The protocols listed below use the convention in Table 3-1. 3.4.1 BLOCK READ The Block Read is used to read multiple data bytes from a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3-6. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Read protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. TABLE 3-3: READ BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Start Client Address RD ACK Register Data NACK Stop 1->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-4: SEND BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Stop 1 -> 0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-5: RECEIVE BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address RD ACK Register Data NACK Stop 1 -> 0 0101_000 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-6: BLOCK READ PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Start Slave Address RD ACK Register Data 1->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 1 0 XXh ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK . . . REGISTER DATA NACK STOP CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 13  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.4.2 BLOCK WRITE The Block Write is used to write multiple data bytes to a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3-7. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Write protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-7: BLOCK WRITE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Register Data ACK 1 ->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 Register Data ACK Register Data ACK . . . Register Data ACK Stop XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 0 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-6: BLOCK READ PROTOCOL  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 14 CAP1206 4.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The CAP1206 is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor. It contains six (6) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. The CAP1206includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1206 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. Power consumption in the Standby state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. The device communicates with a host controller using SMBus / I2C. The host controller may poll the device for updated information at any time or it may configure the device to flag an interrupt whenever a touch is detected on any sensor pad. A typical system diagram is shown in Figure 4-1. 4.1 Power States The CAP1206 has 3 power states depending on the status of the STBY and DSLEEP bits. When the device transitions between power states, previously detected touches (for channels that are being de-activated) are cleared and the sensor input status bits are reset. 1. Active - The normal mode of operation. The device is monitoring capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. 2. Standby - When the STBY bit is set, the device is monitoring the capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. Interrupts can still be generated based on the enabled channels. The device will still respond to communications normally and can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the STBY bit. Power consumpFIGURE 4-1: SYSTEM DIAGRAM FOR CAP1206 CAP1206 CS4 SMDATA SMCLK Embedded Controller 3.0V to 5.5V ALERT# CS5 CS6 CS3 CS2 CS1 Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button Touch Button VDD 3.0V to 5.5V GND 0.1uF 1.0uF 10kOhm resistors CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 15  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. tion in this state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. 3. Deep Sleep - When the DSLEEP bit is set, the device is in its lowest power state. It is not monitoring any capacitive sensor inputs. While in Deep Sleep, the CAP1206 can be awakened by SMBus communications targeting the device. This will not cause the DSLEEP to be cleared so the device will return to Deep Sleep once all communications have stopped. The device can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the DSLEEP bit. 4.2 Reset The Power-On Reset (POR) circuit holds the device in reset until VDD has reached an acceptable level, Power-on Reset Release Voltage (VPORR), for minimum operation. The power-up timer (PWRT) is used to extend the start-up period until all device operation conditions have been met. The power-up timer starts after VDD reaches VPORR. POR and PORR with slow rising VDD is shown in Figure 4-2. The Brown-Out Reset (BOR) circuit holds the device in reset when VDD falls to a minimum level, VBOR for longer than the BOR reset delay (tBORDC). After a BOR, when VDD rises above VPORR, the power-up timer is started again and must finish before reset is released, as shown in Figure 4-2. 4.3 Capacitive Touch Sensing The CAP1206 contains six (6) independent capacitive touch sensor inputs. Each sensor input has dynamic range to detect a change of capacitance due to a touch. Additionally, each sensor input can be configured to be automatically and routinely recalibrated. 4.3.1 CAPACITIVE TOUCH SENSING SETTINGS Controls for managing capacitive touch sensor inputs are determined by the power state. 4.3.1.1 Active State Sensing Settings The Active state is used for normal operation. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Sensor Input Enable Register(see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Sensitivity Control Register (see Section 5.5, "Sensitivity Control Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register"). Each channel can have a separate touch detection threshold, as defined in the Sensor Input Threshold registers (see Section 5.18, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers"). 4.3.1.2 Standby State Sensing Settings The Standby state is used for standby operation. In general, fewer sensor inputs are enabled, and they are programmed to have more sensitivity. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Standby Channel Register (see Section 5.20, "Standby Channel Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Standby Sensitivity Register (see Section 5.22, "Standby Sensitivity Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling FIGURE 4-2: POR AND PORR WITH SLOW RISING VDD AND BOR WITH FALLING VDD VDD VBOR TPWRT GND Undefined SYSRST VPOR VPORR TBORDC TPWRT  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 16 CAP1206 Configuration Register (see Section 5.21, "Standby Configuration Register"). There is one touch detection threshold, which applies to all sensors enabled in Standby, as defined in the Standby Threshold Register (see Section 5.23, "Standby Threshold Register"). 4.3.2 SENSING CYCLE Except when in Deep Sleep, the device automatically initiates a sensing cycle and repeats the cycle every time it finishes. The cycle polls through each enabled sensor input starting with CS1 and extending through CS6. As each capacitive touch sensor input is polled, its measurement is compared against a baseline “not touched” measurement. If the delta measurement is large enough to exceed the applicable threshold, a touch is detected and an interrupt can be generated (see Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The sensing cycle time is programmable (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register" and Section 5.21, "Standby Configuration Register"). If all enabled inputs can be sampled in less than the cycle time, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. If the number of active sensor inputs cannot be sampled within the specified cycle time, the cycle time is extended and the device is not placed in a lower power state. 4.4 Sensor Input Calibration Calibration sets the Base Count Registers(Section 5.24, "Sensor Input Base Count Registers") which contain the “not touched” values used for touch detection comparisons. Calibration automatically occurs after a power-on reset (POR), when sample time is changed, and whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (for example, when transitioning from a power state in which it was disabled to a power state in which it is enabled). During calibration, the analog sensing circuits are tuned to the capacitance of the untouched pad. Then, samples are taken from each sensor input so that a base count can be established. After calibration, the untouched delta counts are zero. APPLICATION NOTE: During the calibration routine, the sensor inputs will not detect a press for up to 200ms and the Sensor Base Count Register values will be invalid. In addition, any press on the corresponding sensor pads will invalidate the calibration. The host controller can force a calibration for selected sensor inputs at any time using the Calibration Activate and Status RegisterSection 5.10.1, "Calibration Activate and Status Register". When a bit is set, the corresponding capacitive touch sensor input will be calibrated (both analog and digital). The bit is automatically cleared once the calibration routine has successfully finished. If analog calibration fails for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is not cleared in the Calibration Activate and Status Register, and the ACAL_FAIL bit is set in the General Status Register(Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. Analog calibration will fail if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. If digital calibration fails to generate base counts for a sensor input in the operating range, which is +12.5% from the ideal base count (see TABLE 4-1:), indicating the base capacitance is out of range, the corresponding BC_OUTx bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register(Section 5.16, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), and the BC_OUT bit is set in the General Status Register (Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. By default, when a base count is out of limit, analog calibration is repeated for the sensor input; alternatively, the sensor input can be sampled using the out of limit base count(Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). During normal operation there are various options for recalibrating the capacitive touch sensor inputs. Recalibration is a digital adjustment of the base counts so that the untouched delta count is zero. After a recalibration, if a sensor input’s base count has shifted +12.5% from the ideal base count, a full calibration will be performed on the sensor input. TABLE 4-1: IDEAL BASE COUNTS Ideal Base Count Sample Time 3,200 320us 6,400 640us 12,800 1.28ms 25,600 2.56ms CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 17  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.4.1 AUTOMATIC RECALIBRATION Each sensor input is regularly recalibrated at a programmable rate(see CAL_CFG[2:0] in Section 5.17, "Recalibration Configuration Register"). By default, the recalibration routine stores the average 64 previous measurements and periodically updates the base “not touched” setting for the capacitive touch sensor input. APPLICATION NOTE: Automatic recalibration only works when the delta count is below the active sensor input threshold. It is disabled when a touch is detected. 4.4.2 NEGATIVE DELTA COUNT RECALIBRATION It is possible that the device loses sensitivity to a touch. This may happen as a result of a noisy environment, recalibration when the pad is touched but delta counts do not exceed the threshold, or other environmental changes. When this occurs, the base untouched sensor input may generate negative delta count values. The NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] bits(see Section 5.17, "Recalibration Configuration Register") can be set to force a recalibration after a specified number of consecutive negative delta readings. After a delayed recalibration (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration") the negative delta count recalibration can correct after the touch is released. APPLICATION NOTE: During this recalibration, the device will not respond to touches. 4.4.3 DELAYED RECALIBRATION It is possible that a “stuck button” occurs when something is placed on a button which causes a touch to be detected for a long period. By setting the MAX_DUR_EN bit(see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"), a recalibration can be forced when a touch is held on a button for longer than the duration specified in the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register"). Note 4-1 Delayed recalibration only works when the delta count is above the active sensor input threshold. If enabled, it is invoked when a sensor pad touch is held longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings. Note 4-2 For the power button, which requires that the button be held longer than a regular button, the time specified by the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits is added to the time required to trigger the qualifying event. This will prevent the power button from being recalibrated during the time it is supposed to be held. 4.5 Power Button The CAP1206 has a “power button” feature. In general, buttons are set for quick response to a touch, especially when buttons are used for number keypads. However, there are cases where a quick response is not desired, such as when accidentally brushing the power button causes a device to turn off or on unexpectedly. The power button feature allows a sensor input to be designated as the “power button” (see Section 5.25, "Power Button Register"). The power button is configured so that a touch must be held on the button for a designated period of time before an interrupt is generated; different times can be selected for the Standby and the Active states (see Section 5.26, "Power Button Configuration Register"). The feature can also be enabled / disabled for both states separately. APPLICATION NOTE: For the power button feature to work in the Standby and/or Active states, the sensor input must be enabled in the applicable state. After the designated power button has been held for the designated time, an interrupt is generated and the PWR bit is set in the General Status Register (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.6 Multiple Touch Pattern Detection The multiple touch pattern (MTP) detection circuitry can be used to detect lid closure or other similar events. An event can be flagged based on either a minimum number of sensor inputs or on specific sensor inputs simultaneously exceeding an MTP threshold or having their Noise Flag Status Register bits set. An interrupt can also be generated. During an MTP event, all touches are blocked (see Section 5.14, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register").  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 18 CAP1206 4.7 Noise Controls 4.7.1 LOW FREQUENCY NOISE DETECTION Each sensor input has a low frequency noise detector that will sense if low frequency noise is injected onto the input with sufficient power to corrupt the readings. By default, if this occurs, the device will reject the corrupted samplesee DIS_ANA_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") and the corresponding bit is set to a logic ‘1’ in the Noise Flag Status register (see SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.7.2 RF NOISE DETECTION Each sensor input contains an integrated RF noise detector. This block will detect injected RF noise on the CS pin. The detector threshold is dependent upon the noise frequency. By default, if RF noise is detected on a CS line, that sample is removed and not compared against the threshold (see DIS_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.7.3 NOISE STATUS AND CONFIGURATION The Noise Flag Status (see Section 5.3, "Noise Flag Status Registers") bits can be used to indicate RF and/or other noise. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in the Configuration Register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers") is set to 0, the Noise Flag Status bit for the capacitive sensor input is set if any analog noise is detected. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit is set to 1, the Noise Flag Status bits will only be set if RF noise is detected. The CAP1208 offers optional noise filtering controls for both analog and digital noise. For analog noise, there are options for whether the data should be considered invalid. By default, the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") will block a touch on a sensor input if low frequency analog noise is detected; the sample is discarded. By default, the DIS_RF_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h") will block a touch on a sensor input if RF noise is detected; the sample is discarded. For digital noise, sensor input noise thresholds can be set (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register"). If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Noise Threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold (Sensor Threshold (see Section 5.18, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") in the Active state or Sensor Standby Threshold in the Standby state (Section 5.23, "Standby Threshold Register")), it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. The DIS_DIG_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") can be set to discard samples that indicate a noise spike so they are not used in the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). 4.8 Interrupts Interrupts are indicated by the setting of the INT bit in the Main Control Register(see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register") and by assertion of the ALERT# pin. The ALERT# pin is cleared when the INT bit is cleared by the user. When the INT bit is cleared by the user, status bits may be cleared (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.8.1 ALERT# PIN The ALERT# pin is an active low output that is driven when an interrupt event is detected. 4.8.2 CAPACITIVE SENSOR INPUT INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR Each sensor input can be programmed to enable / disable interrupts(see Section 5.11, "Interrupt Enable Register"). When enabled for a sensor input and the sensor input is not the designated power button, interrupts are generated in one of two ways: 1. An interrupt is generated when a touch is detected and, as a user selectable option, when a release is detected (by default - see INT_REL_n in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). See FIGURE 4-4:. 2. If the repeat rate is enabled then, so long as the touch is held, another interrupt will be generated based on the programmed repeat rate (see FIGURE 4-3:). When the repeat rate is enabled for a sensor input (see Section 5.12, "Repeat Rate Enable Register"), the device uses an additional control called MPRESS that determines whether a touch is flagged as a simple “touch” or a “press and hold” (see Section 5.9, "Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register"). The MPRESS[3:0] bits set a minimum press timer. When the button is touched, the timer begins. If the sensor pad is released before the minimum press timer expires, it is flagged as a touch and an interrupt (if enabled) is generated upon release. If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than this timer value, it is flagged as a “press and hold” event. So long as the touch is held, interrupts will be generated at the programmed repeat rate (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register") and upon release (if enabled). CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 19  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. If a sensor input is the designated power button, an interrupt is not generated as soon as a touch is detected and repeat rate is not applicable. See Section 4.8.3, "Interrupts for the Power Button". APPLICATION NOTE: FIGURE 4-3: and FIGURE 4-4: show default operation which is to generate an interrupt upon sensor pad release. APPLICATION NOTE: The host may need to poll the device twice to determine that a release has been detected. 4.8.3 INTERRUPTS FOR THE POWER BUTTON Interrupts are automatically enabled for the power button when the feature is enabled (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). A touch must be held on the power button for the designated period of time before an interrupt is generated. FIGURE 4-3: SENSOR INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR - REPEAT RATE ENABLED FIGURE 4-4: SENSOR INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR - NO REPEAT RATE ENABLED Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Min Press Setting (280ms) Interrupt on Touch Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Interrupt on Touch Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 20 CAP1206 4.8.4 INTERRUPTS FOR MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN DETECTION An interrupt can be generated when the MTP pattern is matched (see Section 5.14, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). 4.8.5 INTERRUPTS FOR SENSOR INPUT CALIBRATION FAILURES An interrupt can be generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set, indicating the failure to complete analog calibration of one or more sensor inputs(see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the ACAL_- FAIL_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). An interrupt can be generated when the BC_OUT bit is set, indicating the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs(see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the BC_OUT_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers").  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 21 CAP1206 5.0 REGISTER DESCRIPTION The registers shown in Table 5-1 are accessible through the communications protocol. An entry of ‘-’ indicates that the bit is not used and will always read ‘0’. TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page 00h R/W Main Control Controls power states and indicates an interrupt 00h Page 24 02h R/W General Status Stores general status bits 00h Page 24 03h R Sensor Input Status Returns the state of the sampled capacitive touch sensor inputs 00h Page 24 0Ah R Noise Flag Status Stores the noise flags for sensor inputs 00h Page 25 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS1 00h Page 26 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS2 00h Page 26 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS3 00h Page 26 13h R Sensor Input 4 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS4 00h Page 26 14h R Sensor Input 5 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS5 00h Page 26 15h R Sensor Input 6 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS6 00h Page 26 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control Controls the sensitivity of the threshold and delta counts and data scaling of the base counts 2Fh Page 26 20h R/W Configuration Controls general functionality 20h Page 28 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable Controls which sensor inputs are monitored in Active 3Fh Page 29 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration Controls max duration and autorepeat delay A4h Page 30 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 Controls the MPRESS (“press and hold”) setting 07h Page 31 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config Controls averaging and sampling window for Active 39h Page 32 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status Forces calibration for capacitive touch sensor inputs and indicates calibration failure 00h Page 34 27h R/W Interrupt Enable Determines which capacitive sensor inputs can generate interrupts 3Fh Page 35 CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 22  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable Enables repeat rate for specific sensor inputs 3Fh Page 35 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Configuration Determines the number of simultaneous touches to flag a multiple touch condition 80h Page 36 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Determines the multiple touch pattern (MTP) configuration 00h Page 36 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Determines the pattern or number of sensor inputs used by the MTP circuitry 3Fh Page 37 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit Indicates whether sensor inputs have a base count out of limit 00h Page 38 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration Determines recalibration timing and sampling window 8Ah Page 39 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS1 40h Page 40 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS2 40h Page 40 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS3 40h Page 40 33h R/W Sensor Input 4 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS4 40h Page 40 34h R/W Sensor Input 5 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS5 40h Page 40 35h R/W Sensor Input 6 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS6 40h Page 40 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold Stores controls for selecting the noise threshold for all sensor inputs 01h Page 41 Standby Configuration Registers 40h R/W Standby Channel Controls which sensor inputs are enabled for Standby 00h Page 41 41h R/W Standby Configuration Controls averaging and sensing cycle time for Standby 39h Page 42 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity Controls sensitivity settings used for Standby 02h Page 43 43h R/W Standby Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Standby 40h Page 44 44h R/W Configuration 2 Stores additional configuration controls for the device 40h Page 28 Base Count Registers TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 23 CAP1206 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 1 C8h Page 44 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 2 C8h Page 44 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 3 C8h Page 44 53h R Sensor Input 4 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 4 C8h Page 44 54h R Sensor Input 5 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 5 C8h Page 44 55h R Sensor Input 6 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 6 C8h Page 44 Power Button Registers 60h R/W Power Button Specifies the power button 00h Page 45 61h R/W Power Button Configuration Configures the power button feature 22h Page 46 Calibration Registers B1h R Sensor Input 1 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS1 00h Page 46 B2h R Sensor Input 2 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS2 00h Page 46 B3h R Sensor Input 3 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS3 00h Page 46 B4h R Sensor Input 4 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS4 00h Page 46 B5h R Sensor Input 5 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS5 00h Page 46 B6h R Sensor Input 6 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS6 00h Page 46 B9h R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS1 - CS4 00h Page 46 BAh R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 2 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS5 - CS6 00h Page 46 ID Registers FDh R Product ID Stores a fixed value that identifies the CAP1206-1 67h Page 47 FEh R Manufacturer ID Stores a fixed value that identifies MCHP 5Dh Page 47 FFh R Revision Stores a fixed value that represents the revision number 00h Page 47 TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 24  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. During power-on reset (POR), the default values are stored in the registers. A POR is initiated when power is first applied to the part and the voltage on the VDD supply surpasses the POR level as specified in the electrical characteristics. When a bit is “set”, this means it’s at a logic ‘1’. When a bit is “cleared”, this means it’s at a logic ‘0’. 5.1 Main Control Register The Main Control register controls the primary power state of the device (see Section 4.1, "Power States"). Bit 5 - STBY - Enables Standby. • ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Standby state. • ‘1’ - The device is in the Standby state. Capacitive touch sensor input scanning is limited to the sensor inputs set in the Standby Channel register (see Section 5.20, "Standby Channel Register"). The status registers will not be cleared until read. Sensor inputs that are no longer sampled will flag a release and then remain in a non-touched state. Bit 4 - DSLEEP - Enables Deep Sleep. • ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Deep Sleep state. • ‘1’ - The device is in the Deep Sleep state. All sensor input scanning is disabled. The status registers are automatically cleared and the INT bit is cleared. When this bit is set, the STBY bit has no effect. Bit 0 - INT - Indicates that there is an interrupt (see Section 4.8, "Interrupts"). When this bit is set, it asserts the ALERT# pin. If a channel detects a touch but interrupts are not enabled for that channel (see Section 5.11, "Interrupt Enable Register"), no action is taken. This bit is cleared by writing a logic ‘0’ to it. When this bit is cleared, the ALERT# pin will be deasserted, and all status registers will be cleared if the condition has been removed. • ‘0’ - No interrupt pending. • ‘1’ - An interrupt condition occurred, and the ALERT# pin has been asserted. 5.2 Status Registers All status bits are cleared when the device enters Deep Sleep (DSLEEP = ‘1’ - see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register"). 5.2.1 GENERAL STATUS - 02H Bit 6 - BC_OUT - Indicates that the base count is out of limit for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have base counts within the limit. • ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs have base counts in the operating range. • ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs has the base count out of limit. A status bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register (see Section 5.16, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). TABLE 5-2: MAIN CONTROL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 00h R/W Main Control - - STBY DSLEEP - - - INT 00h TABLE 5-3: STATUS REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 02h R General Status - BC_ OUT ACAL _FAIL PWR - MULT MTP TOUCH 00h 03h R Sensor Input Status - - CS6 CS5 CS4 CS3 CS2 CS1 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 25 CAP1206 Bit 5 - ACAL_FAIL - Indicates analog calibration failure for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have successfully completed analog calibration. • ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs were successfully calibrated. • ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs failed analog calibration. A status bit is set in the Calibration Active Register (see Section 5.10.1, "Calibration Activate and Status Register"). Bit 4 - PWR - Indicates that the designated power button has been held for the designated time (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if there is no longer a touch on the power button. • ‘0’ - The power button has not been held for the required time or is not enabled. • ‘1’ - The power button has been held for the required time. Bit 2 - MULT - Indicates that the device is blocking detected touches due to the Multiple Touch detection circuitry (see Section 5.13, "Multiple Touch Configuration Register"). This bit will not cause the INT bit to be set and hence will not cause an interrupt. Bit 1 - MTP - Indicates that the device has detected a number of sensor inputs that exceed the MTP threshold either via the pattern recognition or via the number of sensor inputs (see Section 5.14, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set if the MTP_ALERT bit is also set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if the condition that caused it to be set has been removed. Bit 0 - TOUCH - Indicates that a touch was detected. This bit is set if any bit in the Sensor Input Status register is set. 5.2.2 SENSOR INPUT STATUS - 03H The Sensor Input Status Register stores status bits that indicate a touch has been detected. A value of ‘0’ in any bit indicates that no touch has been detected. A value of ‘1’ in any bit indicates that a touch has been detected. All bits are cleared when the INT bit is cleared and if a touch on the respective capacitive touch sensor input is no longer present. If a touch is still detected, the bits will not be cleared (but this will not cause the interrupt to be asserted). Bit 5 - CS6 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 6. Bit 4 - CS5 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 5. Bit 3 - CS4 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 4. Bit 2 - CS3 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 3. Bit 1 - CS2 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 2. Bit 0 - CS1 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 1. 5.3 Noise Flag Status Registers The Noise Flag Status registers store status bits that can be used to indicate that the analog block detected noise above the operating region of the analog detector or the RF noise detector (see Section 4.7.3, "Noise Status and Configuration"). These bits indicate that the most recently received data from the sensor input is invalid and should not be used for touch detection. So long as the bit is set for a particular channel, the delta count value is reset to 00h and thus no touch is detected. These bits are not sticky and will be cleared automatically if the analog block does not report a noise error. APPLICATION NOTE: If the MTP detection circuitry is enabled, these bits count as sensor inputs above the MTP threshold (see Section 4.6, "Multiple Touch Pattern Detection") even if the corresponding delta count is not. If the corresponding delta count also exceeds the MTP threshold, it is not counted twice. TABLE 5-4: NOISE FLAG STATUS REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 0Ah R Noise Flag Status - - CS6_ NOISE CS5_ NOISE CS4_ NOISE CS3_ NOISE CS2_ NOISE CS1_ NOISE 00h CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 26  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPLICATION NOTE: Regardless of the state of the Noise Status bits, if low frequency noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit is set. As well, if RF noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_RF_NOISE bit is set. 5.4 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers The Sensor Input Delta Count registers store the delta count that is compared against the threshold used to determine if a touch has been detected. The count value represents a change in input due to the capacitance associated with a touch on one of the sensor inputs and is referenced to a calibrated base “not touched” count value. The delta is an instantaneous change and is updated once per sensor input per sensing cycle (see Section 4.3.2, "Sensing Cycle"). The value presented is a standard 2’s complement number. In addition, the value is capped at a value of 7Fh. A reading of 7Fh indicates that the sensitivity settings are too high and should be adjusted accordingly (see Section 5.5). The value is also capped at a negative value of 80h for negative delta counts which may result upon a release. 5.5 Sensitivity Control Register The Sensitivity Control register controls the sensitivity of a touch detection. Bits 6-4 DELTA_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity of a touch detection for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches with higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitive settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a C of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely, a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these TABLE 5-5: SENSOR INPUT DELTA COUNT REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 13h R Sensor Input 4 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 14h R Sensor Input 5 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 15h R Sensor Input 6 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h TABLE 5-6: SENSITIVITY CONTROL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control - DELTA_SENSE[2:0] BASE_SHIFT[3:0] 2Fh  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 27 CAP1206 settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a C of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). Bits 3 - 0 - BASE_SHIFT[3:0] - Controls the scaling and data presentation of the Base Count registers. The higher the value of these bits, the larger the range and the lower the resolution of the data presented. The scale factor represents the multiplier to the bit-weighting presented in these register descriptions. APPLICATION NOTE: The BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits normally do not need to be updated. These settings will not affect touch detection or sensitivity. These bits are sometimes helpful in analyzing the Cap Sensing board performance and stability. TABLE 5-7: DELTA_SENSE BIT DECODE DELTA_SENSE[2:0] Sensitivity Multiplier 210 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) TABLE 5-8: BASE_SHIFT BIT DECODE BASE_SHIFT[3:0] Data Scaling Factor 32 1 0 0 0 0 0 1x 0 0 0 1 2x 0 0 1 0 4x 0 0 1 1 8x 0 1 0 0 16x 0 1 0 1 32x 0 1 1 0 64x 0 1 1 1 128x 1 0 0 0 256x All others 256x (default = 1111b) CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 28  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.6 Configuration Registers The Configuration registers control general global functionality that affects the entire device. 5.6.1 CONFIGURATION - 20H Bit 7 - TIMEOUT - Enables the timeout and idle functionality of the SMBus protocol. • ‘0’ (default) - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are disabled. The SMBus interface will not time out if the clock line is held low. Likewise, it will not reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us. • ‘1’ - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are enabled. The SMBus interface will reset if the clock line is held low for longer than 30ms. Likewise, it will reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us. Bit 5 - DIS_DIG_NOISE - Determines whether the digital noise threshold (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register") is used by the device. Setting this bit disables the feature. • ‘0’ - The digital noise threshold is used. If a delta count value exceeds the noise threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold, the sample is discarded and not used for the automatic recalibration routine. • ‘1’ (default) - The noise threshold is disabled. Any delta count that is less than the touch threshold is used for the automatic recalibration routine. Bit 4 - DIS_ANA_NOISE - Determines whether the analog noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature. • ‘0’ (default) - If low frequency noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set. • ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if low frequency noise is detected. Bit 3 - MAX_DUR_EN - Determines whether the maximum duration recalibration is enabled. • ‘0’ (default) - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is disabled. A touch may be held indefinitely and no recalibration will be performed on any sensor input. • ‘1’ - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is enabled. If a touch is held for longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings (see Section 5.8), the recalibration routine will be restarted (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"). 5.6.2 CONFIGURATION 2 - 44H Bit 6 - BC_OUT_RECAL - Controls whether to retry analog calibration when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs. • ‘0’ - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input, the out of limit base count will be used for the sensor input. • ‘1’ (default) - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input (see Section 5.16, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), analog calibration will be repeated on the sensor input. Bit 5 - BLK_PWR_CTRL - Determines whether the device will reduce power consumption while waiting between conversion time completion and the end of the sensing cycle. • ‘0’ (default) - The device will reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle. • ‘1’ - The device will not reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle. TABLE 5-9: CONFIGURATION REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 20h R/W Configuration TIME OUT - DIS_ DIG_ NOISE DIS_ ANA_ NOISE MAX_ DUR_EN - - - 20h 44h R/W Configuration 2 - BC_ OUT_ RECAL BLK_ PWR_ CTRL BC_ OUT_ INT SHOW_ RF_ NOISE DIS_ RF_ NOISE ACAL _FAIL _INT INT_ REL_ n 40h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 29 CAP1206 Bit 4 - BC_OUT_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs. • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the BC_OUT bit is set. Bit 3 - SHOW_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the Noise Status bits will show RF Noise as the only input source. • ‘0’ (default) - The Noise Status registers will show both RF noise and low frequency noise if either is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input. • ‘1’ - The Noise Status registers will only show RF noise if it is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input. Low frequency noise will still be detected and touches will be blocked normally; however, the status bits will not be updated. Bit 2 - DIS_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the RF noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature. • ‘0’ (default) - If RF noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set. • ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if RF noise is detected. Bit 1 - ACAL_FAIL_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when analog calibration fails for one or more sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set Bit 0 - INT_REL_n - Controls the interrupt behavior when a release is detected on a button (see Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and again when a release is detected and at the repeat rate (if enabled - see Section 5.12). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and at the repeat rate but not when a release is detected. 5.7 Sensor Input Enable Register The Sensor Input Enable register determines whether a capacitive touch sensor input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The specified input is not included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. • ‘1’ (default) - The specified input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. Bit 5 - CS6_EN - Determines whether the CS6 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 4 - CS5_EN - Determines whether the CS5 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 3 - CS4_EN - Determines whether the CS4 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 2 - CS3_EN - Determines whether the CS3 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 1 - CS2_EN - Determines whether the CS2 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 0 - CS1_EN - Determines whether the CS1 input is monitored in the Active state. TABLE 5-10: SENSOR INPUT ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable - - CS6_EN CS5_EN CS4_EN CS3_EN CS2_EN CS1_EN 3Fh CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 30  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.8 Sensor Input Configuration Register The Sensor Input Configuration Register controls timings associated with the capacitive sensor inputs. Bits 7 - 4 - MAX_DUR[3:0] - (default 1010b) - Determines the maximum time that a sensor pad is allowed to be touched until the capacitive touch sensor input is recalibrated (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5- 12. Bits 3 - 0 - RPT_RATE[3:0] - (default 0100b) Determines the time duration between interrupt assertions when auto repeat is enabled (see Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5-13. TABLE 5-11: SENSOR INPUT CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration MAX_DUR[3:0] RPT_RATE[3:0] A4h TABLE 5-12: MAX_DUR BIT DECODE MAX_DUR[3:0] Time before Recalibration 32 1 0 0 0 0 0 560ms 0 0 0 1 840ms 0 0 1 0 1120ms 0 0 1 1 1400ms 0 1 0 0 1680ms 0 1 0 1 2240ms 0 1 1 0 2800ms 0 1 1 1 3360ms 1 0 0 0 3920ms 1 0 0 1 4480ms 1 0 1 0 5600ms (default) 1 0 1 1 6720ms 1 1 0 0 7840ms 1 1 0 1 8906ms 1 1 1 0 10080ms 1 1 1 1 11200ms  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 31 CAP1206 5.9 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register Bits 3 - 0 - M_PRESS[3:0] - (default 0111b) - Determines the minimum amount of time that sensor inputs configured to use auto repeat must detect a sensor pad touch to detect a “press and hold” event (see Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a “press and hold” event is detected. If a sensor input detects a touch for less than or equal to the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a touch event is detected. The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5-15. TABLE 5-13: RPT_RATE BIT DECODE RPT_RATE[3:0] Interrupt Repeat Rate 3 21 0 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms (default) 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms TABLE 5-14: SENSOR INPUT CONFIGURATION 2 REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 - - - - M_PRESS[3:0] 07h CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 32  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.10 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register The Averaging and Sampling Configuration register controls the number of samples taken and the target sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. Bits 6 - 4 - AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all channels enabled in the Active state during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5-17. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. For example, if CS1, CS2, and CS3 are sampled during the sensing cycle, and the AVG[2:0] bits are set to take 4 samples per channel, then the full sensing cycle will be: CS1, CS1, CS1, CS1, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS3, CS3, CS3, CS3. TABLE 5-15: M_PRESS BIT DECODE M_PRESS[3:0] M_PRESS Settings 3 21 0 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms (default) 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms TABLE 5-16: AVERAGING AND SAMPLING CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config - AVG[2:0] SAMP_TIME[1:0] CYCLE_TIME [1:0] 39h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 33 CAP1206 Bits 3 - 2 - SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample as shown in Table 5-18. Sample time affects the magnitude of the base counts, as shown in Table 4-1, "Ideal Base Counts". Bits 1 - 0 - CYCLE_TIME[1:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for channels enabled in the Active state, as shown in Table 5-19. All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. TABLE 5-17: AVG BIT DECODE AVG[2:0] Number Of Samples Taken Per Measurement 2 10 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 TABLE 5-18: SAMP_TIME BIT DECODE SAMP_TIME[1:0] Sample Time 1 0 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms TABLE 5-19: CYCLE_TIME BIT DECODE CYCLE_TIME[1:0] Programmed Sensing Cycle Time 1 0 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 34  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (CYCLE_TIME[1:0]) is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 5.10.1 CALIBRATION ACTIVATE AND STATUS REGISTER The Calibration Activate and Status Register serves a dual function: 1. It forces the selected sensor inputs to be calibrated, affecting both the analog and digital blocks (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When one or more bits are set, the device performs the calibration routine on the corresponding sensor inputs. When the analog calibration routine is finished, the CALX[9:0] bits are updated (see Section 5.27, "Sensor Input Calibration Registers"). If the analog calibration routine completed successfully for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is automatically cleared. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, bits can be set by host or are automatically set by the device whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (such as coming out of Deep Sleep, after power-on reset, when a bit is set in the Sensor Enable Channel Enable register (21h) and the device is in the Active state, or when a bit is set in the Standby Channel Enable Register (40h) and the device is in the Standby state). 2. It serves as an indicator of an analog calibration failure. If any of the bits could not be cleared, the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). A bit will fail to clear if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits for failures unless the ACAL_FAIL bit is set. In addition, if a sensor input is newly enabled, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits until time has elapsed to complete calibration on the sensor input. Otherwise, the ACAL_FAIL bit may be set for one sensor input, but the newly enabled sensor input may still be set to ‘1’ in the Calibration Activate and Status, not because it failed, but because it has not been calibrated yet. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - No action needed. • ‘1’ - Writing a ‘1’, forces a calibration on the corresponding sensor input. If the ACAL_FAIL flag is set and this bit is set (see application note above), the sensor input could not complete analog calibration. Bit 5 - CS6_CAL - Bit for CS6 input. Bit 4 - CS5_CAL - Bit for CS5 input. Bit 3 - CS4_CAL - Bit for CS4 input. Bit 2 - CS3_CAL - Bit for CS3 input. Bit 1 - CS2_CAL - Bit for CS2 input. Bit 0 - CS1_CAL - Bit for CS1 input. APPLICATION NOTE: Writing a ‘0’ to clear a ‘1’ may cause a planned calibration to be skipped, if the calibration routine had not reached the sensor input yet. TABLE 5-20: CALIBRATION ACTIVATE AND STATUS REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status - - CS6_ CAL CS5_ CAL CS4_ CAL CS3_ CAL CS2_ CAL CS1_ CAL 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 35 CAP1206 5.11 Interrupt Enable Register The Interrupt Enable register determines whether a sensor pad touch or release (if enabled) causes an interrupt (see Section 4.8, "Interrupts"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The ALERT# pin will not be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input. • ‘1’ (default) - The ALERT# pin will be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input. Bit 5 - CS6_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS6 (associated with the CS6 status bit). Bit 4 - CS5_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS5 (associated with the CS5 status bit). Bit 3 - CS4_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS4 (associated with the CS4 status bit). Bit 2 - CS3_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS3 (associated with the CS3 status bit). Bit 1 - CS2_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS2 (associated with the CS2 status bit). Bit 0 - CS1_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS1 (associated with the CS1 status bit). 5.12 Repeat Rate Enable Register The Repeat Rate Enable register enables the repeat rate of the sensor inputs as described in Section 4.8.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior". For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is disabled. It will only generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and when a release is detected (if enabled) no matter how long the touch is held. • ‘1’ (default) - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is enabled. In the case of a “touch” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and a release is detected (as determined by the INT_REL_n bit - see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). In the case of a “press and hold” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and at the repeat rate so long as the touch is held. Bit 5 - CS6_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 6. Bit 4 - CS5_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 5. Bit 3 - CS4_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 4. Bit 2 - CS3_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 3. Bit 1 - CS2_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 2. TABLE 5-21: INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 27h R/W Interrupt Enable - - CS6_ INT_EN CS5_ INT_EN CS4_ INT_EN CS3_ INT_EN CS2_ INT_EN CS1_ INT_EN 3Fh TABLE 5-22: REPEAT RATE ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable - - CS6_ RPT_EN CS5_ RPT_EN CS4_ RPT_EN CS3_ RPT_EN CS2_ RPT_EN CS1_ RPT_EN 3Fh CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 36  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Bit 0 - CS1_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 1. 5.13 Multiple Touch Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch detection circuitry. These settings determine the number of simultaneous buttons that may be pressed before additional buttons are blocked and the MULT status bit is set. Bit 7 - MULT_BLK_EN - Enables the multiple button blocking circuitry. • ‘0’ - The multiple touch circuitry is disabled. The device will not block multiple touches. • ‘1’ (default) - The multiple touch circuitry is enabled. The device will flag the number of touches equal to programmed multiple touch threshold and block all others. It will remember which sensor inputs are valid and block all others until that sensor pad has been released. Once a sensor pad has been released, the N detected touches (determined via the sensing cycle order of CS1 - CS6) will be flagged and all others blocked. Bits 3 - 2 - B_MULT_T[1:0] - Determines the number of simultaneous touches on all sensor pads before a Multiple Touch Event is detected and sensor inputs are blocked. The bit decode is given by Table 5-24. 5.14 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry. This circuitry works like the multiple touch detection circuitry with the following differences: 1. The detection threshold is a percentage of the touch detection threshold as defined by the MTP_TH[1:0] bits whereas the multiple touch circuitry uses the touch detection threshold. 2. The MTP detection circuitry either will detect a specific pattern of sensor inputs as determined by the Multiple TABLE 5-23: MULTIPLE TOUCH CONFIGURATION Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Config MULT _BLK_ EN - - - B_MULT_T[1:0] - - 80h TABLE 5-24: B_MULT_T BIT DECODE B_MULT_T[1:0] Number of Simultaneous Touches 1 0 0 0 1 (default) 01 2 10 3 11 4 TABLE 5-25: MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN CONFIGURATION Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Config MTP_ EN - - - MTP_TH[1:0] COMP_ PTRN MTP_ ALERT 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 37 CAP1206 Touch Pattern register settings or it will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings to determine a minimum number of sensor inputs that will cause the MTP circuitry to flag an event (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Register"). When using pattern recognition mode, if all of the sensor inputs set by the Multiple Touch Pattern register have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have their corresponding Noise Flag Status bits set, the MTP bit will be set. When using the absolute number mode, if the number of sensor inputs with thresholds above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than this number, the MTP bit will be set. 3. When an MTP event occurs, all touches are blocked and an interrupt is generated. 4. All sensor inputs will remain blocked so long as the requisite number of sensor inputs are above the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Once this condition is removed, touch detection will be restored. Note that the MTP status bit is only cleared by writing a ‘0’ to the INT bit once the condition has been removed. Bit 7 - MTP_EN - Enables the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry. • ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry is disabled. • ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry is enabled. Bits 3 - 2 - MTP_TH[1:0] - Determine the MTP threshold, as shown in Table 5-26. This threshold is a percentage of sensor input threshold (see Section 5.18, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") for inputs enabled in the Active state or of the standby threshold (see Section 5.23, "Standby Threshold Register") for inputs enabled in the Standby state. Bit 1 - COMP_PTRN - Determines whether the MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register as a specific pattern of sensor inputs or as an absolute number of sensor inputs. • ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register bit settings as an absolute minimum number of sensor inputs that must be above the threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. The number will be equal to the number of bits set in the register. • ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry will use pattern recognition. Each bit set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register indicates a specific sensor input that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have a Noise Flag Status bit set. If the criteria are met, the MTP status bit will be set. Bit 0 - MTP_ALERT - Enables an interrupt if an MTP event occurs. In either condition, the MTP status bit will be set. • ‘0’ (default) - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin is not asserted. • ‘1’ - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin will be asserted. 5.15 Multiple Touch Pattern Register TABLE 5-26: MTP_TH BIT DECODE MTP_TH[1:0] Threshold Divide Setting 1 0 0 0 12.5% (default) 0 1 25% 1 0 37.5% 1 1 100% TABLE 5-27: MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern - - CS6_ PTRN CS5_ PTRN CS4_ PTRN CS3_ PTRN CS2_ PTRN CS1_ PTRN 3Fh CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 38  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. The Multiple Touch Pattern register acts as a pattern to identify an expected sensor input profile for diagnostics or other significant events. There are two methods for how the Multiple Touch Pattern register is used: as specific sensor inputs or number of sensor input that must exceed the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Which method is used is based on the COMP_PTRN bit (see Section 5.14). The methods are described below. 1. Specific Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the specific sensor inputs above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set match those bits set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register, an MTP event is flagged. 2. Number of Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the number of sensor inputs with a delta count above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than the number of pattern bits set, an MTP event is flagged. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The specified sensor input is not considered a part of the pattern. • ‘1’ - The specified sensor input is considered a part of the pattern, or the absolute number of sensor inputs that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have the Noise Flag Status bit set is increased by 1. Bit 5 - CS6_PTRN - Determines whether CS6 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 4 - CS5_PTRN - Determines whether CS5 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 3 - CS4_PTRN - Determines whether CS4 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 2 - CS3_PTRN - Determines whether CS3 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 1 - CS2_PTRN - Determines whether CS2 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 0 - CS1_PTRN - Determines whether CS1 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. 5.16 Base Count Out of Limit Register The Base Count Out of Limit Register indicates which sensor inputs have base counts out of limit (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When these bits are set, the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The base count for the specified sensor input is in the operating range. • ‘1’ - The base count of the specified sensor input is not in the operating range. Bit 5 - BC_OUT_6 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 4 - BC_OUT_5 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 3 - BC_OUT_4 - Indicates whether CS6 has a base count out of limit. Bit 2 - BC_OUT_3 - Indicates whether CS3 has a base count out of limit. Bit 1 - BC_OUT_2 - Indicates whether CS2 has a base count out of limit. Bit 0 - BC_OUT_1 - Indicates whether CS1 has a base count out of limit. TABLE 5-28: BASE COUNT OUT OF LIMIT REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit - - BC_ OUT_ 6 BC_ OUT_ 5 BC_ OUT_ 4 BC_ OUT_ 3 BC_ OUT_ 2 BC_ OUT_ 1 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 39 CAP1206 5.17 Recalibration Configuration Register The Recalibration Configuration register controls some recalibration routine settings (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration") as well as advanced controls to program the Sensor Input Threshold register settings. Bit 7 - BUT_LD_TH - Enables setting all Sensor Input Threshold registers by writing to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register. • ‘0’ - Each Sensor Input X Threshold register is updated individually. • ‘1’ (default) - Writing the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will automatically overwrite the Sensor Input Threshold registers for all sensor inputs (Sensor Input Threshold 1 through Sensor Input Threshold 6). The individual Sensor Input X Threshold registers (Sensor Input 2 Threshold through Sensor Input 6 Threshold) can be individually updated at any time. Bit 6 - NO_CLR_INTD - Controls whether the accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set. • ‘0’ (default) - The accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set. • ‘1’ - The accumulation of intermediate data is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. APPLICATION NOTE: Bits 5 and 6 should both be set to the same value. Either both should be set to ‘0’ or both should be set to ‘1’. Bit 5 - NO_CLR_NEG - Controls whether the consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set. ‘0’ (default) - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set. ‘1’ - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. Bits 4 - 3 - NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] - Determines the number of negative delta counts necessary to trigger a digital recalibration (see Section 4.4.2, "Negative Delta Count Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5-30. Bits 2 - 0 - CAL_CFG[2:0] - Determines the update time and number of samples of the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). The settings apply to all sensor inputs universally (though individual sensor inputs can be configured to support recalibration - see Section 5.10.1). TABLE 5-29: RECALIBRATION CONFIGURATION REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration BUT_ LD_TH NO_CLR _INTD NO_CLR _NEG NEG_DELTA_ CNT[1:0] CAL_CFG[2:0] 8Ah TABLE 5-30: NEG_DELTA_CNT BIT DECODE NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] Number of Consecutive Negative Delta Count Values 1 0 00 8 0 1 16 (default) 1 0 32 1 1 None (disabled) CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 40  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Note 5-1 Recalibration Samples refers to the number of samples that are measured and averaged before the Base Count is updated however does not control the base count update period. Note 5-2 Update Time refers to the amount of time (in sensing cycle periods) that elapses before the Base Count is updated. The time will depend upon the number of channels enabled, the averaging setting, and the programmed sensing cycle time. 5.18 Sensor Input Threshold Registers The Sensor Input Threshold registers store the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. When the BUT_LD_TH bit is set (see Section 5.17 - bit 7), writing data to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will update all of the Sensor Input Threshold registers (31h - 35h inclusive). TABLE 5-31: CAL_CFG BIT DECODE CAL_CFG[2:0] Recalibration Samples (see Note 5-1) Update Time (see Note 5-2) 210 0 0 0 16 16 0 0 1 32 32 0 1 0 64 64 (default) 0 1 1 128 128 1 0 0 256 256 1 0 1 256 1024 1 1 0 256 2048 1 1 1 256 4096 TABLE 5-32: SENSOR INPUT THRESHOLD REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 33h R/W Sensor Input 4 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 34h R/W Sensor Input 5 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 35h R/W Sensor Input 6 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 41 CAP1206 5.19 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register The Sensor Input Noise Threshold register controls the value of a secondary internal threshold to detect noise and improve the automatic recalibration routine. If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Input Noise Threshold but does not exceed the sensor input threshold, it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. That sample is not used by the automatic recalibration routine. This feature can be disabled by setting the DIS_DIG_NOISE bit. Bits 1-0 - CS1_BN_TH[1:0] - Controls the noise threshold for all capacitive touch sensor inputs, as shown in Table 5-34. The threshold is proportional to the threshold setting. 5.20 Standby Channel Register The Standby Channel register controls which (if any) capacitive touch sensor inputs are enabled in Standby (see Section 4.3.1.2, "Standby State Sensing Settings"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ (default) - The specified channel will not be monitored in Standby. • ‘1’ - The specified channel will be monitored in Standby. It will use the standby threshold setting, and the standby averaging and sensitivity settings. Bit 5 - CS6_STBY - Controls whether the CS6 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 4 - CS5_STBY - Controls whether the CS5 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 3 - CS4_STBY - Controls whether the CS4 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 2 - CS3_STBY - Controls whether the CS3 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 1 - CS2_STBY - Controls whether the CS2 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 0 - CS1_STBY - Controls whether the CS1 channel is enabled in Standby. TABLE 5-33: SENSOR INPUT NOISE THRESHOLD REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold - - ---- CS_BN_TH [1:0] 01h TABLE 5-34: CSX_BN_TH BIT DECODE CS_BN_TH[1:0] Percent Threshold Setting 1 0 0 0 25% 0 1 37.5% (default) 1 0 50% 1 1 62.5% TABLE 5-35: STANDBY CHANNEL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 40h R/W Standby Channel - - CS6_ STBY CS5_ STBY CS4_ STBY CS3_ STBY CS2_ STBY CS1_ STBY 00h CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 42  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.21 Standby Configuration Register The Standby Configuration register controls averaging and sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. This register allows the user to change averaging and sample times on a limited number of sensor inputs in Standby and still maintain normal functionality in the Active state. Bit 7 - AVG_SUM - Determines whether the sensor inputs enabled in Standby will average the programmed number of samples or whether they will accumulate for the programmed number of samples. • ‘0’ - (default) - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the average of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold. • ‘1’ - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the summation of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold. Caution should be used with this setting as a touch may overflow the delta count registers and may result in false readings. Bits 6 - 4 - STBY_AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all Standby enabled channels during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5-37. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. Bit 3 - 2 - STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample for sensor inputs enabled in Standby as shown in Table 5-38. TABLE 5-36: STANDBY CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 41h R/W Standby Configuration AVG_ SUM STBY_AVG[2:0] STBY_SAMP_ TIME[1:0] STBY_CY_TIME [1:0] 39h TABLE 5-37: STBY_AVG BIT DECODE STBY_AVG[2:0] Number Of Samples Taken Per Measurement 2 10 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 43 CAP1206 Bits 1 - 0 - STBY_CY_TIME[2:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled during Standby, as shown in Table 5-39. All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (STDBY_CY_TIME[1:0] is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The STBY_AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 5.22 Standby Sensitivity Register The Standby Sensitivity register controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. Bits 2 - 0 - STBY_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs that are enabled in Standby. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches than higher sensitivity levels. TABLE 5-38: STBY_SAMP_TIME BIT DECODE STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] Sampling Time 1 0 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms TABLE 5-39: STBY_CY_TIME BIT DECODE STBY_CY_TIME[1:0] Programmed Sensing Cycle Time 1 0 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms TABLE 5-40: STANDBY SENSITIVITY REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity - - - - - STBY_SENSE[2:0] 02h CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 44  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitivity settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a C of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a C of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). 5.23 Standby Threshold Register The Standby Threshold register stores the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. 5.24 Sensor Input Base Count Registers TABLE 5-41: STBY_SENSE BIT DECODE STBY_SENSE[2:0] Sensitivity Multiplier 210 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) TABLE 5-42: STANDBY THRESHOLD REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 43h R/W Standby Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h TABLE 5-43: SENSOR INPUT BASE COUNT REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 45 CAP1206 The Sensor Input Base Count registers store the calibrated “not touched” input value from the capacitive touch sensor inputs. These registers are periodically updated by the calibration and recalibration routines. The routine uses an internal adder to add the current count value for each reading to the sum of the previous readings until sample size has been reached. At this point, the upper 16 bits are taken and used as the Sensor Input Base Count. The internal adder is then reset and the recalibration routine continues. The data presented is determined by the BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits (see Section 5.5). 5.25 Power Button Register The Power Button Register indicates the sensor input that has been designated as the power button (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). Bits 2 - 0 - PWR_BTN[2:0] - When the power button feature is enabled, this control indicates the sensor input to be used as the power button. The decode is shown in Table 5-45. 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 53h R Sensor Input 4 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 54h R Sensor Input 5 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 55h R Sensor Input 6 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h TABLE 5-44: POWER BUTTON REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 60h R/W Power Button - - - - - PWR_BTN[2:0] 00h TABLE 5-45: PWR_BTN BIT DECODE PWR_BTN[2:0] Sensor Input Designated as Power Button 210 0 0 0 CS1 0 0 1 CS2 0 1 0 CS3 0 1 1 CS4 1 0 0 CS5 1 0 1 CS6 TABLE 5-43: SENSOR INPUT BASE COUNT REGISTERS (CONTINUED) Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 46  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.26 Power Button Configuration Register The Power Button Configuration Register controls the length of time that the designated power button must indicate a touch before an interrupt is generated and the power status indicator is set (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). Bit 6 - STBY_PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Standby state. • ‘0’ (default) - The Standby power button circuitry is disabled. • ‘1’ - The Standby power button circuitry is enabled. Bits 5 - 4 - STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5-47, that the power button must be held in the Standby state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. Bit 2 - PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Active state. • ‘0’ (default) - The power button circuitry is disabled in the Active state. • ‘1’ -The power button circuitry is enabled in the Active state. Bits 1 - 0 - PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5-47, that the power button must be held in the Active state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. 5.27 Sensor Input Calibration Registers TABLE 5-46: POWER BUTTON CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 61h R/W Power Button Configuration - STBY_ PWR_ EN STBY_PWR_ TIME [1:0] - PWR_ EN PWR_TIME [1:0] 22h TABLE 5-47: POWER BUTTON TIME BITS DECODE PWR_TIME[1:0] / STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] Power Button Touch Hold Time 1 0 0 0 280ms 0 1 560ms 1 0 1.12 sec (default) 1 1 2.24 sec TABLE 5-48: SENSOR INPUT CALIBRATION REGISTERS Addr Register R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default B1h Sensor Input 1 Calibration R CAL1_9 CAL1_8 CAL1_7 CAL1_6 CAL1_5 CAL1_4 CAL1_3 CAL1_2 00h B2h Sensor Input 2 Calibration R CAL2_9 CAL2_8 CAL2_7 CAL2_6 CAL2_5 CAL2_4 CAL2_3 CAL2_2 00h B3h Sensor Input 3 Calibration R CAL3_9 CAL3_8 CAL3_7 CAL3_6 CAL3_5 CAL3_4 CAL3_3 CAL3_2 00h B4h Sensor Input 4 Calibration R CAL4_9 CAL4_8 CAL4_7 CAL4_6 CAL4_5 CAL4_4 CAL4_3 CAL4_2 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 47 CAP1206 The Sensor Input Calibration registers hold the 10-bit value that represents the last calibration value. The value represents the capacitance applied to the internal sensing circuits to balance the capacitance of the sensor input pad. Minimum (000h) and maximum (3FFh) values indicate analog calibration failure (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). 5.28 Product ID Register The Product ID register stores a unique 8-bit value that identifies the device. 5.29 Manufacturer ID Register The Vendor ID register stores an 8-bit value that represents MCHP. 5.30 Revision Register The Revision register stores an 8-bit value that represents the part revision. B5h Sensor Input 5 Calibration R CAL5_9 CAL5_8 CAL5_7 CAL5_6 CAL5_5 CAL5_4 CAL5_3 CAL5_2 00h B6h Sensor Input 6 Calibration R CAL6_9 CAL6_8 CAL6_7 CAL6_6 CAL6_5 CAL6_4 CAL6_3 CAL6_2 00h B9h Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 R CAL4_1 CAL4_0 CAL3_1 CAL3_0 CAL2_1 CAL2_0 CAL1_1 CAL1_0 00h BAh Sensor Input Calibration LSB 2 R ---- CAL6_1 CAL6_0 CAL5_1 CAL5_0 00h TABLE 5-49: PRODUCT ID REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FDh R Product ID CAP1206-1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 67h TABLE 5-50: VENDOR ID REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FEh R Manufacturer ID 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 5Dh TABLE 5-51: REVISION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FFh R Revision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h TABLE 5-48: SENSOR INPUT CALIBRATION REGISTERS (CONTINUED) Addr Register R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 48 CAP1206 6.0 PACKAGE INFORMATION 6.1 CAP1206 Package Drawings FIGURE 6-1: CAP1206 PACKAGE DRAWING - 10-PIN DFN 3MM X 3MM CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 49  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 6-2: CAP1206 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS - 10-PIN DFN 3MM X 3MM FIGURE 6-3: CAP1206 PCB LAND PATTERN AND STENCIL - 10-PIN DFN 3MM X 3MM  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 50 CAP1206 FIGURE 6-4: CAP1206 PCB DETAIL A - 10-PIN DFN 3MM X 3MM CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 51  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 6-5: CAP1206 PCB DETAIL B - 10-PIN DFN 3MM X 3MM  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 52 CAP1206 FIGURE 6-6: CAP1206 LAND DIMENSIONS - 10-PIN DFN 3MM X 3MM CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 53  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 6-7: CAP1206 14-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 54 CAP1206 FIGURE 6-7: CAP1206 14-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 55  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 6-7: CAP1206 14-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC)    ! "# $ %   &"'  # ())$$$  )"  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 56 CAP1206 FIGURE 6-8: CAP1206 PACKAGE MARKING 2 7 W W N N N A PIN 1 CAP1206-1-SL-TR CAP1206-2-SL-TR CAP1206-1-AIA-TR CAP1206-2-AIA-TR 2 7 W NNNA e4 TOP BOTTOM Bottom marking not allowed PB-FREE/GREEN SYMBOL PIN 1 (Ni/Pd PP-LF) Line 1 – Device Code, Week 2x 0.6 Line 2 – Alphanumeric Traceability Code W Lines 1-2: Line 3: Center Horizontal Alignment As Shown H 1 W NNNA e4 TOP BOTTOM Bottom marking not allowed PB-FREE/GREEN SYMBOL PIN 1 (Ni/Pd PP-LF) Line 1 – Device Code, Week 2x 0.6 Line 2 – Alphanumeric Traceability Code W Lines 1-2: Line 3: Center Horizontal Alignment As Shown Line 1 – Device Code, Week Line 2 – Alphanumeric Traceability Code Line 1 – Device Code, Week Line 2 – Alphanumeric Traceability Code H 1 W W N N N A PIN 1 Pb-Free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) Pb-Free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn)  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 57 CAP1206 APPENDIX A: DEVICE DELTA A.1 Delta from CAP1106 to CAP1206 The CAP1206 is pin- and register-compatible with the CAP1106, with the exception of the GAIN[1:0] bits and ALT_POL bit. 1. Revision ID set to 00h. 2. Added Power Button feature (see Section 4.5, "Power Button"). 3. Added ACAL_FAIL bit to flag analog calibration failures (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and ACAL_FAIL_INT bit to control analog calibration failure interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 4. Added BC_OUT bit to flag calibration failures regarding base counts out of limit (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and BC_OUT_RECAL and BC_OUT_INT bit to control base count out of limit behavior and interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Added Base Count Out of Limit Register to indicate which sensor inputs have base counts outside the operating range (see Section 5.16, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). 5. Increased supply voltage range for 5V operation. 6. Increased operating temperature range from 0°C - 85°C to -40°C to 125°C. 7. Removed proximity detection gain (GAIN[1:0] bits). 8. Removed ALERT pin configuration (ALT_POL bit). 9. Register additions are shown in Table A-1, "Register Delta". TABLE A-1: REGISTER DELTA Address Register Delta Delta Default 00h Page 24 Removed bits - Main Control Register Removed GAIN[1:0] bits. 00h 02h Page 24 Added bits - General Status Register Added bit 4 PWR for new Power Button feature. Added bit 5 ACAL_FAIL to indicate analog calibration failure. Added bit 6 BC_OUT. 00h 26h Page 34 Renamed Calibration Activate and Status Register and added functionality In addition to forcing a calibration, the register also indicates the status of calibration for each sensor input. 00h 2Eh Page 38 New - Base Count Out of Limit Register new register for calibration status 00h 44h Page 28 Added and removed bits - Configuration 2 Register Added bit 1 ACAL_FAIL_INT. Added bit 4 BC_OUT_INT. Changed bit 6 from ALT_POL to BC_OUT_RECAL. 40h 60h Page 45 New - Power Button Register new register for Power Button feature 00h 61h Page 46 New - Power Button Configuration Register new register for configuring the Power Button feature 00h CAP1206 DS00001567B-page 58  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FDh Page 47 Changed - Product ID New product ID for CAP1206 67h FFh Page 47 Changed - Revision Register Revision changed. 00h TABLE A-1: REGISTER DELTA (CONTINUED) Address Register Delta Delta Default  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 59 CAP1206 7.0 REVISION HISTORY TABLE 7-1: REVISION HISTORY Revision Level and Date Section/Figure/Entry Correction DS00001567B (11-17-15) Added 14-lead SOIC packages, SOIC pinout diagrams, package marking. Updated ordering information. CAP1206 Revision A replaces the previous SMSC version Revision 1.0  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 60 CAP1206 THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information: • Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software • General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing • Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. To register, access the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on “Customer Change Notification” and follow the registration instructions. CUSTOMER SUPPORT Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: • Distributor or Representative • Local Sales Office • Field Application Engineer (FAE) • Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. Technical support is available through the web site at: http://www.microchip.com/support  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 61 CAP1206 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. Device: CAP1206 Tape and Reel Option TR Tape and Reel Package:(2) AIA 10-pin DFN SL 14-pin SOIC Examples: a) CAP1206-1-AIA-TR 0b0101_000[r/w] Address 10-pin DFN package b) CAP1206-2-SL-TR 0b0101_001[r/w] Address 14-pin SOIC package Note 1: Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the catalog part number description. This identifier is used for ordering purposes and is not printed on the device package. Check with your Microchip Sales Office for package availability with the Tape and Reel option. 2: For other small form-factor package availability and marking information, please visit www.microchip.com/packaging or contact your local sales office. PART NO. [X] XX Address Package Option Device [XX] Tape and Reel Option - -  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001567B-page 62 CAP1206 Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2013-2015, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 9781632779953 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. 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 2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 1 General Description The CAP1293 is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor controller. It contains three (3) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. In addition, the CAP1293 can be configured to detect proximity on one or more channels with an optional signal guard to reduce noise sensitivity and to isolate the proximity antenna from nearby conductive surfaces that would otherwise attenuate the e-field. The CAP1293 includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1293 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. The Combo state allows a combination of sensor input controls to be used which enables one or more sensor inputs to operate as buttons while another sensor input is operating as a proximity detector. Power consumption in the Standby and Combo states is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. Applications • Desktop and Notebook PCs • LCD Monitors • Consumer Electronics • Appliances Features • Three (3) Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs - Programmable sensitivity - Automatic recalibration - Calibrates for parasitic capacitance - Individual thresholds for each button • Proximity Detection • Signal Guard - Isolates the proximity antenna from attenuation - Reduces system noise sensitivity effects on inputs • Multiple Button Pattern Detection • Power Button Support • Press and Hold Feature for Volume-like Applications • 3.3V or 5V Supply • Analog Filtering for System Noise Sources • RF Detection and Avoidance Filters • Digital EMI Blocker • 8kV ESD Rating on All Pins (HBM) • Low Power Operation - 5µA quiescent current in Deep Sleep - 50µA quiescent current in Standby (1 sensor input monitored) - Samples one or more channels in Standby • SMBus / I2C Compliant Communication Interface • Available in an 8-pin 2mm x 3mm TDFN RoHS compliant package • Available in an 8-pin SOIC RoHS compliant package CAP1293 3-Channel Capacitive Touch Sensor with Proximity Detection & Signal Guard CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 2  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 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DS00001566B-page 3 CAP1293 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 Pin Description and Configuration .................................................................................................................................................. 8 3.0 Functional Description .................................................................................................................................................................. 21 4.0 Register Descriptions .................................................................................................................................................................... 58 5.0 Operational Characteristics ........................................................................................................................................................... 69 6.0 Package Outline ............................................................................................................................................................................ 85 Appendix A: Data Sheet Revision History ........................................................................................................................................... 91 The Microchip Web Site ...................................................................................................................................................................... 93 Customer Change Notification Service ............................................................................................................................................... 93 Customer Support ............................................................................................................................................................................... 93 Product Identification System ............................................................................................................................................................. 94 CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 4  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Block Diagram 1.2 Pin Diagrams 1.3 Pin Description FIGURE 1-1: CAP1293 BLOCK DIAGRAM FIGURE 1-2: CAP1293 8-PIN SOIC FIGURE 1-3: CAP1293 PIN DIAGRAM (8-PIN 2MM X 3MM TDFN) SMBus Protocol VDD GND Capacitive Touch Sensing Algorithm CS1 CS3 SMCLK SMDATA ALERT# CS2 / SG 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 ALERT# SMDAT SMCLK VDD CS1 CS2/SG CS3 CAP1293 GND CS2 / SG 1 CS1 2 3 4 SMCLK CS3 VDD GND Exposed pad SMDATA ALERT# 8 7 6 5  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 5 CAP1293 APPLICATION NOTE: All digital pins are 5V tolerant pins. The pin types are described in Table 1-2, "Pin Types". TABLE 1-1: PIN DESCRIPTION FOR CAP1293 QFN Pin # SOIC Pin # Pin Name Pin Function Pin Type Unused Connection 1 1 ALERT# ALERT# - Active low alert / interrupt output for SMBus alert OD Connect to Ground 2 2 SMDATA SMDATA - Bi-directional, open-drain SMBus or I2C data - requires pull-up resistor DIOD n/a 3 3 SMCLK SMCLK - SMBus or I2C clock input - requires pull-up resistor DI n/a 4 4 VDD Positive Power supply Power n/a 5 5 GND Ground Power n/a 6 6 CS3 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 3 AIO Connect to Ground 7 7 CS2 / SG CS2 - Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 2 AIO Connect to Ground 7 SG - Signal Guard output AIO Leave open 8 8 CS1 Capacitive Touch Sensor Input 1 AIO Connect to Ground Bottom pad - Exposed pad Not internally connected, but recommend grounding - - TABLE 1-2: PIN TYPES Pin Type Description Power This pin is used to supply power or ground to the device. DI Digital Input - This pin is used as a digital input. This pin is 5V tolerant. AIO Analog Input / Output - This pin is used as an I/O for analog signals. DIOD Digital Input / Open Drain Output - This pin is used as a digital I/O. When it is used as an output, it is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. OD Open Drain Digital Output - This pin is used as a digital output. It is open drain and requires a pull-up resistor. This pin is 5V tolerant. CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 6  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Note 2-1 Stresses above those listed could cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any other condition above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Note 2-2 For the 5V tolerant pins that have a pull-up resistor, the voltage difference between V5VT_PIN and VDD must never exceed 3.6V. TABLE 2-1: ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltage on VDD pin -0.3 to 6.5 V Voltage on CS pins to GND -0.3 to 4.0 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (V5VT_PIN) -0.3 to 5.5 V Voltage on 5V tolerant pins (|V5VT_PIN - VDD|) (see Note 2-2) 0 to 3.6 V Input current to any pin except VDD +10 mA Output short circuit current Continuous N/A Package Power Dissipation up to TA = 85°C for 8-pin TDFN 0.5 W Junction to Ambient (JA) 89 °C/W Operating Ambient Temperature Range -40 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Range -55 to 150 °C ESD Rating, All Pins, HBM 8000 V  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 7 CAP1293 TABLE 2-2: ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions DC Power Supply Voltage VDD 3.0 5.5 V Supply Current ISTBY_DEF 120 170 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored Default conditions (8 avg, 70ms cycle time) ISTBY_LP 50 µA Standby state active 1 sensor input monitored 1 avg, 140ms cycle time IDSLEEP_3V 5 TBD µA Deep Sleep state active No communications TA < 40°C 3.135 < VDD < 3.465V IDD 500 750 µA Capacitive Sensing Active signal guard disabled Capacitive Touch Sensor Inputs Maximum Base Capacitance CBASE 50 pF Pad untouched Minimum Detectable Capacitive Shift CTOUCH 20 fF Pad touched - default conditions Recommended Cap Shift CTOUCH 0.1 2 pF Pad touched - Not tested Power Supply Rejection PSR ±3 ±10 counts / V Untouched Current Counts Base Capacitance 5pF - 50pF Negative Delta Counts disabled Maximum sensitivity All other parameters default Power-On and Brown-out Reset (see Section 4.2, "Reset") Power-On Reset Voltage VPOR 1 1.3 V Pin States Defined Power-On Reset Release Voltage VPORR 2.85 V Rising VDD Ensured by design Brown-Out Reset VBOR 2.8 V Falling VDD VDD Rise Rate (ensures internal POR signal) SVDD 0.05 V/ms 0 to 3V in 60ms Power-Up Timer Period tPWRT 10 ms Brown-Out Reset Voltage Delay tBORDC 1 µs VDD = VBOR - 1 CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 8  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Timing Time to Communications Ready tCOMM_DLY 15 ms Time to First Conversion Ready tCONV_DLY 170 200 ms I/O Pins Output Low Voltage VOL 0.4 V ISINK_IO = 8mA Output High Voltage VOH VDD - 0.4 V ISOURCE_IO = 8mA Input High Voltage VIH 2.0 V Input Low Voltage VIL 0.8 V Leakage Current ILEAK ±5 µA powered or unpowered TA < 85°C pull-up voltage < 3.6V if unpowered SG Pin Capacitive Drive Capability CBASE_SG 20 200 pF capacitance to ground SMBus Timing Input Capacitance CIN 5 pF Clock Frequency fSMB 10 400 kHz Spike Suppression tSP 50 ns Bus Free Time Stop to Start tBUF 1.3 µs Start Setup Time tSU:STA 0.6 µs Start Hold Time tHD:STA 0.6 µs Stop Setup Time tSU:STO 0.6 µs Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 µs When transmitting to the master Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0.3 µs When receiving from the master Data Setup Time tSU:DAT 0.6 µs Clock Low Period tLOW 1.3 µs Clock High Period tHIGH 0.6 µs Clock / Data Fall Time tFALL 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns TABLE 2-2: ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 9 CAP1293 Clock / Data Rise Time tRISE 300 ns Min = 20+0.1CLOAD ns Capacitive Load CLOAD 400 pF per bus line TABLE 2-2: ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED) VDD = 3V to 5.5V, TA = 0°C to 85°C, all Typical values at TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 10  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.0 COMMUNICATIONS 3.1 Communications The CAP1293 communicates using the SMBus or I2C protocol. 3.2 System Management Bus The CAP1293 communicates with a host controller, such as an MCHP SIO, through the SMBus. The SMBus is a twowire serial communication protocol between a computer host and its peripheral devices. A detailed timing diagram is shown in Figure 3-1. Stretching of the SMCLK signal is supported; however, the CAP1293 will not stretch the clock signal. 3.2.1 SMBUS START BIT The SMBus Start bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘1’ state to a logic ‘0’ state while the SMBus Clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. 3.2.2 SMBUS ADDRESS AND RD / WR BIT The SMBus Address Byte consists of the 7-bit client address followed by the RD / WR indicator bit. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘0’, then the SMBus Host is writing data to the client device. If this RD / WR bit is a logic ‘1’, then the SMBus Host is reading data from the client device. 3.2.3 The CAP1293responds to SMBus address 0101_000(r/w). SMBUS DATA BYTES All SMBus Data bytes are sent most significant bit first and composed of 8-bits of information. 3.2.4 SMBUS ACK AND NACK BITS The SMBus client will acknowledge all data bytes that it receives. This is done by the client device pulling the SMBus Data line low after the 8th bit of each byte that is transmitted. This applies to both the Write Byte and Block Write protocols. The Host will NACK (not acknowledge) the last data byte to be received from the client by holding the SMBus data line high after the 8th data bit has been sent. For the Block Read protocol, the Host will ACK each data byte that it receives except the last data byte. 3.2.5 SMBUS STOP BIT The SMBus Stop bit is defined as a transition of the SMBus Data line from a logic ‘0’ state to a logic ‘1’ state while the SMBus clock line is in a logic ‘1’ state. When the CAP1293 detects an SMBus Stop bit and it has been communicating with the SMBus protocol, it will reset its client interface and prepare to receive further communications. FIGURE 3-1: SMBUS TIMING DIAGRAM SMDATA SMCLK TBUF P S S - Start Condition P - Stop Condition S P T LOW T HIGH T HD:STA T SU:STO T HD:STA T HD:DAT T SU:DAT T SU:STA T FALL T RISE  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 11 CAP1293 3.2.6 SMBUS TIMEOUT The CAP1293 includes an SMBus timeout feature. Following a 30ms period of inactivity on the SMBus where the SMCLK pin is held low, the device will timeout and reset the SMBus interface. The timeout function defaults to disabled. It can be enabled by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 3.2.7 SMBUS AND I2C COMPATIBILITY The major differences between SMBus and I2C devices are highlighted here. For more information, refer to the SMBus 2.0 specification. 1. CAP1293 supports I2C fast mode at 400kHz. This covers the SMBus max time of 100kHz. 2. Minimum frequency for SMBus communications is 10kHz. 3. The SMBus client protocol will reset if the clock is held low longer than 30ms (timeout condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1293 by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have a timeout. 4. The SMBus client protocol will reset if both the clock and the data line are high for longer than 200us (idle condition). This can be enabled in the CAP1293 by setting the TIMEOUT bit in the Configuration register. I2C does not have an idle condition. 5. I2C devices do not support the Alert Response Address functionality (which is optional for SMBus). 6. I2C devices support block read and write differently. I2C protocol allows for unlimited number of bytes to be sent in either direction. The SMBus protocol requires that an additional data byte indicating number of bytes to read / write is transmitted. The CAP1293 supports I2C formatting only. 3.3 SMBus Protocols The CAP1293 is SMBus 2.0 compatible and supports Write Byte, Read Byte, Send Byte, and Receive Byte as valid protocols as shown below. All of the below protocols use the convention in Table 3-1. 3.3.1 SMBUS WRITE BYTE The Write Byte is used to write one byte of data to a specific register as shown in Table 3-2. 3.3.2 SMBUS READ BYTE The Read Byte protocol is used to read one byte of data from the registers as shown in Table 3-3. TABLE 3-1: PROTOCOL FORMAT Data Sent to Device Data Sent to the HOst Data sent Data sent TABLE 3-2: WRITE BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Register Data ACK Stop 1 ->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1 CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 12  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.3.3 SMBUS SEND BYTE The Send Byte protocol is used to set the internal address register pointer to the correct address location. No data is transferred during the Send Byte protocol as shown in Table 3-4. APPLICATION NOTE: The Send Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). 3.3.4 SMBUS RECEIVE BYTE The Receive Byte protocol is used to read data from a register when the internal register address pointer is known to be at the right location (e.g. set via Send Byte). This is used for consecutive reads of the same register as shown in Table 3-5. APPLICATION NOTE: The Receive Byte protocol is not functional in Deep Sleep (i.e., DSLEEP bit is set). 3.4 I2C Protocols The CAP1293 supports I2C Block Read and Block Write. The protocols listed below use the convention in Table 3-1. 3.4.1 BLOCK READ The Block Read is used to read multiple data bytes from a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3-6. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Read protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. TABLE 3-3: READ BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Start Client Address RD ACK Register Data NACK Stop 1->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-4: SEND BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Stop 1 -> 0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-5: RECEIVE BYTE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address RD ACK Register Data NACK Stop 1 -> 0 0101_000 1 0 XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-6: BLOCK READ PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Start Slave Address RD ACK Register Data 1->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 1 ->0 0101_000 1 0 XXh ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK REGISTER DATA ACK . . . REGISTER DATA NACK STOP  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 13 CAP1293 3.4.2 BLOCK WRITE The Block Write is used to write multiple data bytes to a group of contiguous registers as shown in Table 3-7. APPLICATION NOTE: When using the Block Write protocol, the internal address pointer will be automatically incremented after every data byte is received. It will wrap from FFh to 00h. 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 1 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-7: BLOCK WRITE PROTOCOL Start Slave Address WR ACK Register Address ACK Register Data ACK 1 ->0 0101_000 0 0 XXh 0 XXh 0 Register Data ACK Register Data ACK . . . Register Data ACK Stop XXh 0 XXh 0 . . . XXh 0 0 -> 1 TABLE 3-6: BLOCK READ PROTOCOL CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 14  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The CAP1293 is a multiple channel capacitive touch sensor. It contains three (3) individual capacitive touch sensor inputs with programmable sensitivity for use in touch sensor applications. Each sensor input is calibrated to compensate for system parasitic capacitance and automatically recalibrated to compensate for gradual environmental changes. In addition, the CAP1293 can be configured to detect proximity on one or more channels with an optional signal guard to reduce noise sensitivity. The CAP1293includes Multiple Pattern Touch recognition that allows the user to select a specific set of buttons to be touched simultaneously. If this pattern is detected, a status bit is set and an interrupt is generated. The CAP1293 has Active and Standby states, each with its own sensor input configuration controls. The Combo state allows a combination of sensor input controls to be used which enables one or more sensor inputs to operate as buttons while another sensor input is operating as a proximity detector. Power consumption in the Standby and Combo states is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. Deep Sleep is the lowest power state available, drawing 5µA (typical) of current. In this state, no sensor inputs are active, and communications will wake the device. The device communicates with a host controller using SMBus / I2C. The host controller may poll the device for updated information at any time or it may configure the device to flag an interrupt whenever a touch is detected on any sensor pad. A typical system diagram is shown in FIGURE 4-1:. 4.1 Power States The CAP1293 has 4 power states depending on the status of the STBY, COMBO, and DSLEEP bits. When the device transitions between power states, previously detected touches (for channels that are being de-activated) are cleared and the sensor input status bits are reset. 1. Active - The normal mode of operation. The device is monitoring capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. FIGURE 4-1: SYSTEM DIAGRAM FOR CAP1293 CAP1293 SMDATA SMCLK Embedded Controller 3.0V to 5.5V ALERT# CS3 CS1 Touch Button SG* Proximity Sensor VDD GND * CS2 / SG is a multi-function pin. If not using the signal guard shown here, CS2 can be another touch button. 10kOhm resistors 3.0V to 5.5V 0.1uF 1.0uF  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 15 CAP1293 2. Standby - When the STBY bit is set, the device is monitoring the capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. Interrupts can still be generated based on the enabled channels. The device will still respond to communications normally and can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the STBY bit. Power consumption in this state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. 3. Combo - When the COMBO bit is set, the device is monitoring capacitive sensor inputs enabled in the Active state as well as inputs enabled in the Standby state (hence the name “Combo”). Interrupts can still be generated based on the enabled channels. The device will still respond to communications normally and can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the COMBO bit. Power consumption in this state is dependent on the number of sensor inputs enabled as well as averaging, sampling time, and cycle time. 4. Deep Sleep - When the DSLEEP bit is set, the device is in its lowest power state. It is not monitoring any capacitive sensor inputs. While in Deep Sleep, the CAP1293 can be awakened by SMBus communications targeting the device. This will not cause the DSLEEP to be cleared so the device will return to Deep Sleep once all communications have stopped. The device can be returned to the Active state of operation by clearing the DSLEEP bit. 4.2 Reset The Power-On Reset (POR) circuit holds the device in reset until VDD has reached an acceptable level, Power-on Reset Release Voltage (VPORR), for minimum operation. The power-up timer (PWRT) is used to extend the start-up period until all device operation conditions have been met. The power-up timer starts after VDD reaches VPORR. POR and PORR with slow rising VDD is shown in Figure 4-2. The Brown-Out Reset (BOR) circuit holds the device in reset when VDD falls to a minimum level, VBOR for longer than the BOR reset delay (tBORDC). After a BOR, when VDD rises above VPORR, the power-up timer is started again and must finish before reset is released, as shown in Figure 4-2. 4.3 Capacitive Touch Sensing The CAP1293 contains three (3) independent capacitive touch sensor inputs. Each sensor input has dynamic range to detect a change of capacitance due to a touch. Additionally, each sensor input can be configured to be automatically and routinely recalibrated. 4.3.1 CAPACITIVE TOUCH SENSING SETTINGS Controls for managing capacitive touch sensor inputs are determined by the power state. 4.3.1.1 Active State Sensing Settings The Active state is used for normal operation. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Sensor Input Enable Register(see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Sensitivity Control Register (see Section 5.5, "Sensitivity Control Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register"). Each channel can have a separate touch detection threshold, as defined in the Sensor Input Threshold registers (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers"). FIGURE 4-2: POR AND PORR WITH SLOW RISING VDD AND BOR WITH FALLING VDD VDD VBOR TPWRT GND Undefined SYSRST VPOR VPORR TBORDC TPWRT CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 16  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.3.1.2 Standby State Sensing Settings The Standby state is used for standby operation. In general, fewer sensor inputs are enabled, and they are programmed to have more sensitivity. Sensor inputs being monitored are determined by the Standby Channel Register (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). Sensitivity is controlled by the Standby Sensitivity Register (see Section 5.23, "Standby Sensitivity Register"). Averaging, sample time, and cycle time are controlled by the Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register (see Section 5.22, "Standby Configuration Register"). There is one touch detection threshold, which applies to all sensors enabled in Standby, as defined in the Standby Threshold Register (see Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register"). 4.3.1.3 Combo State Sensing Settings The Combo state is used when a combination of proximity detection and normal button operation is required. When the COMBO bit is set, the sensing cycle includes sensor inputs enabled in the Active state as well as sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. Sensor inputs enabled in the Active state will use the Active settings described in Section 4.3.1.1, "Active State Sensing Settings". Sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state will use the Standby settings described in Section 4.3.1.2, "Standby State Sensing Settings". If a sensor input is enabled in both the Active state and in the Standby state, the Active state settings will be used in Combo state. The programmed cycle time is determined by STBY_CY_- TIME[1:0]. The Combo state also has two gain settings. When the COMBO bit is set, the GAIN[1:0] control only applies to the sensors enabled in the Active state, and the C_GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state. 4.3.2 SENSING CYCLE Except when in Deep Sleep, the device automatically initiates a sensing cycle and repeats the cycle every time it finishes. The cycle polls through each enabled sensor input starting with CS1 and extending through CS3. As each capacitive touch sensor input is polled, its measurement is compared against a baseline “not touched” measurement. If the delta measurement is large enough to exceed the applicable threshold, a touch is detected and an interrupt can be generated (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The sensing cycle time is programmable (see Section 5.10, "Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register" and Section 5.22, "Standby Configuration Register"). If all enabled inputs can be sampled in less than the cycle time, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. If the number of active sensor inputs cannot be sampled within the specified cycle time, the cycle time is extended and the device is not placed in a lower power state. 4.4 Sensor Input Calibration Calibration sets the Base Count Registers(Section 5.25, "Sensor Input Base Count Registers") which contain the “not touched” values used for touch detection comparisons. Calibration automatically occurs after a power-on reset (POR), when sample time is changed, when the gain is changed, when the calibration sensitivity is changed, and whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (for example, when transitioning from a power state in which it was disabled to a power state in which it is enabled). During calibration, the analog sensing circuits are tuned to the capacitance of the untouched pad. Then, samples are taken from each sensor input so that a base count can be established. After calibration, the untouched delta counts are zero. APPLICATION NOTE: During the calibration routine, the sensor inputs will not detect a press for up to 200ms and the Sensor Base Count Register values will be invalid. In addition, any press on the corresponding sensor pads will invalidate the calibration. The host controller can force a calibration for selected sensor inputs at any time using the Calibration Activate and Status RegisterSection 5.10.1, "Calibration Activate and Status Register". When a bit is set, the corresponding capacitive touch sensor input will be calibrated (both analog and digital). The bit is automatically cleared once the calibration routine has successfully finished. If analog calibration fails for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is not cleared in the Calibration Activate and Status Register, and the ACAL_FAIL bit is set in the General Status Register(Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. Analog calibration will fail if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. If digital calibration fails to generate base counts for a sensor input in the operating range, which is +12.5% from the ideal base count (see TABLE 4-1:), indicating the base capacitance is out of range, the corresponding BC_OUTx bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register(Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), and the BC_OUT bit is set in the General Status Register (Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). An interrupt can be generated. By default, when  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 17 CAP1293 a base count is out of limit, analog calibration is repeated for the sensor input; alternatively, the sensor input can be sampled using the out of limit base count(Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Calibration sensitivity can be adjusted for each sensor input based on capacitive touch pad capacitance. During normal operation there are various options for recalibrating the capacitive touch sensor inputs. Recalibration is a digital adjustment of the base counts so that the untouched delta count is zero. After a recalibration, if a sensor input’s base count has shifted +12.5% from the ideal base count, a full calibration will be performed on the sensor input. 4.4.1 AUTOMATIC RECALIBRATION Each sensor input is regularly recalibrated at a programmable rate(see CAL_CFG[2:0] in Section 5.18, "Recalibration Configuration Register"). By default, the recalibration routine stores the average 64 previous measurements and periodically updates the base “not touched” setting for the capacitive touch sensor input. APPLICATION NOTE: Automatic recalibration only works when the delta count is below the active sensor input threshold. It is disabled when a touch is detected. 4.4.2 NEGATIVE DELTA COUNT RECALIBRATION It is possible that the device loses sensitivity to a touch. This may happen as a result of a noisy environment, recalibration when the pad is touched but delta counts do not exceed the threshold, or other environmental changes. When this occurs, the base untouched sensor input may generate negative delta count values. The NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] bits(see Section 5.18, "Recalibration Configuration Register") can be set to force a recalibration after a specified number of consecutive negative delta readings. After a delayed recalibration (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration") the negative delta count recalibration can correct after the touch is released. APPLICATION NOTE: During this recalibration, the device will not respond to touches. 4.4.3 DELAYED RECALIBRATION It is possible that a “stuck button” occurs when something is placed on a button which causes a touch to be detected for a long period. By setting the MAX_DUR_EN bit(see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"), a recalibration can be forced when a touch is held on a button for longer than the duration specified in the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register"). Note 4-1 Delayed recalibration only works when the delta count is above the active sensor input threshold. If enabled, it is invoked when a sensor pad touch is held longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings. Note 4-2 For the power button, which requires that the button be held longer than a regular button, the time specified by the MAX_DUR[3:0] bits is added to the time required to trigger the qualifying event. This will prevent the power button from being recalibrated during the time it is supposed to be held. 4.5 Proximity Detection Each sensor input can be configured to detect changes in capacitance due to proximity of a touch. This circuitry detects the change of capacitance that is generated as an object approaches, but does not physically touch, the enabled sensor pad(s). Generally, sensor inputs used to detect proximity have physically larger pads than standard buttons. In addition, gain should be increased to increase sensitivity. To improve the signal, the signal guard feature may be used. TABLE 4-1: IDEAL BASE COUNTS Ideal Base Count Sample Time 3,200 320us 6,400 640us 12,800 1.28ms 25,600 2.56ms CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 18  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.5.1 SIGNAL GUARD The signal guard isolates the signal from virtual grounds, as shown in Figure 4-3. It can be used to isolate the proximity antenna from nearby conductive surfaces that would otherwise attenuate the e-field. 4.6 Power Button The CAP1293 has a “power button” feature. In general, buttons are set for quick response to a touch, especially when buttons are used for number keypads. However, there are cases where a quick response is not desired, such as when accidentally brushing the power button causes a device to turn off or on unexpectedly. The power button feature allows a sensor input to be designated as the “power button” (see Section 5.26, "Power Button Register"). The power button is configured so that a touch must be held on the button for a designated period of time before an interrupt is generated; different times can be selected for the Standby and the Active states (see Section 5.27, "Power Button Configuration Register"). The feature can also be enabled / disabled for both states separately. APPLICATION NOTE: For the power button feature to work in the Standby and/or Active states, the sensor input must be enabled in the applicable state. If the power button feature is enabled for both Standby and Active and the COMBO bit is set, the Standby power button settings will be used. After the designated power button has been held for the designated time, an interrupt is generated and the PWR bit is set in the General Status Register (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.7 Multiple Touch Pattern Detection The multiple touch pattern (MTP) detection circuitry can be used to detect lid closure or other similar events. An event can be flagged based on either a minimum number of sensor inputs or on specific sensor inputs simultaneously exceeding an MTP threshold or having their Noise Flag Status Register bits set. An interrupt can also be generated. During an MTP event, all touches are blocked (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). 4.8 Noise Controls 4.8.1 LOW FREQUENCY NOISE DETECTION Each sensor input has a low frequency noise detector that will sense if low frequency noise is injected onto the input with sufficient power to corrupt the readings. By default, if this occurs, the device will reject the corrupted samplesee DIS_ANA_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") and the corresponding bit is set to a logic ‘1’ in the Noise Flag Status register (see SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). 4.8.2 RF NOISE DETECTION Each sensor input contains an integrated RF noise detector. This block will detect injected RF noise on the CS pin. The detector threshold is dependent upon the noise frequency. By default, if RF noise is detected on a CS line, that sample is removed and not compared against the threshold (see DIS_RF_NOISE bit in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). FIGURE 4-3: SIGNAL GUARD CAP129X Device CS pin SIGNAL_GUARD CS pin Touch Pad Touch Pad  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 19 CAP1293 4.8.3 NOISE STATUS AND CONFIGURATION The Noise Flag Status (see Section 5.3, "Noise Flag Status Registers") bits can be used to indicate RF and/or other noise. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit in the Configuration Register (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers") is set to 0, the Noise Flag Status bit for the capacitive sensor input is set if any analog noise is detected. If the SHOW_RF_NOISE bit is set to 1, the Noise Flag Status bits will only be set if RF noise is detected. The CAP1208 offers optional noise filtering controls for both analog and digital noise. For analog noise, there are options for whether the data should be considered invalid. By default, the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") will block a touch on a sensor input if low frequency analog noise is detected; the sample is discarded. By default, the DIS_RF_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h") will block a touch on a sensor input if RF noise is detected; the sample is discarded. For digital noise, sensor input noise thresholds can be set (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register"). If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Noise Threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold (Sensor Threshold (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") in the Active state or Sensor Standby Threshold in the Standby state (Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register")), it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. The DIS_DIG_NOISE bit (see Section 5.6.1, "Configuration - 20h") can be set to discard samples that indicate a noise spike so they are not used in the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). 4.9 Interrupts Interrupts are indicated by the setting of the INT bit in the Main Control Register(see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register") and by assertion of the ALERT# pin. The ALERT# pin is cleared when the INT bit is cleared by the user. When the INT bit is cleared by the user, status bits may be cleared (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). 4.9.1 ALERT# PIN The ALERT# pin is an active low output that is driven when an interrupt event is detected. 4.9.2 CAPACITIVE SENSOR INPUT INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR Each sensor input can be programmed to enable / disable interrupts(see Section 5.11, "Interrupt Enable Register"). When enabled for a sensor input and the sensor input is not the designated power button, interrupts are generated in one of two ways: 1. An interrupt is generated when a touch is detected and, as a user selectable option, when a release is detected (by default - see INT_REL_n in Section 5.6.2, "Configuration 2 - 44h"). See FIGURE 4-5:. 2. If the repeat rate is enabled then, so long as the touch is held, another interrupt will be generated based on the programmed repeat rate (see FIGURE 4-4:). When the repeat rate is enabled for a sensor input (see Section 5.12, "Repeat Rate Enable Register"), the device uses an additional control called MPRESS that determines whether a touch is flagged as a simple “touch” or a “press and hold” (see Section 5.9, "Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register"). The MPRESS[3:0] bits set a minimum press timer. When the button is touched, the timer begins. If the sensor pad is released before the minimum press timer expires, it is flagged as a touch and an interrupt (if enabled) is generated upon release. If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than this timer value, it is flagged as a “press and hold” event. So long as the touch is held, interrupts will be generated at the programmed repeat rate (see Section 5.8, "Sensor Input Configuration Register") and upon release (if enabled). If a sensor input is the designated power button, an interrupt is not generated as soon as a touch is detected and repeat rate is not applicable. See Section 4.9.3, "Interrupts for the Power Button". APPLICATION NOTE: FIGURE 4-4: and FIGURE 4-5: show default operation which is to generate an interrupt upon sensor pad release. APPLICATION NOTE: The host may need to poll the device twice to determine that a release has been detected. CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 20  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 4.9.3 INTERRUPTS FOR THE POWER BUTTON Interrupts are automatically enabled for the power button when the feature is enabled (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). A touch must be held on the power button for the designated period of time before an interrupt is generated. 4.9.4 INTERRUPTS FOR MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN DETECTION An interrupt can be generated when the MTP pattern is matched (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). 4.9.5 INTERRUPTS FOR SENSOR INPUT CALIBRATION FAILURES An interrupt can be generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set, indicating the failure to complete analog calibration of one or more sensor inputs(see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the ACAL_- FAIL_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). FIGURE 4-4: SENSOR INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR - REPEAT RATE ENABLED FIGURE 4-5: SENSOR INTERRUPT BEHAVIOR - NO REPEAT RATE ENABLED Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Min Press Setting (280ms) Interrupt on Touch Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Button Repeat Rate (175ms) Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin Touch Detected INT bit Button Status Write to INT bit Sensing Cycle (35ms) Interrupt on Touch Interrupt on Release (optional) ALERT# pin  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 21 CAP1293 An interrupt can be generated when the BC_OUT bit is set, indicating the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs(see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). This interrupt can be enabled by setting the BC_OUT_INT bit (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 22  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.0 REGISTER DESCRIPTION The registers shown in Table 5-1 are accessible through the communications protocol. An entry of ‘-’ indicates that the bit is not used and will always read ‘0’. TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page 00h R/W Main Control Controls power states and indicates an interrupt 00h Page 24 02h R/W General Status Stores general status bits 00h Page 26 03h R Sensor Input Status Returns the state of the sampled capacitive touch sensor inputs 00h Page 26 0Ah R Noise Flag Status Stores the noise flags for sensor inputs 00h Page 27 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS1 00h Page 27 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS2 00h Page 27 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Stores the delta count for CS3 00h Page 27 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control Controls the sensitivity of the threshold and delta counts and data scaling of the base counts 2Fh Page 28 20h R/W Configuration Controls general functionality 20h Page 29 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable Controls which sensor inputs are monitored in Active 07h Page 31 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration Controls max duration and autorepeat delay A4h Page 31 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 Controls the MPRESS (“press and hold”) setting 07h Page 33 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config Controls averaging and sampling window for Active 39h Page 34 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status Forces calibration for capacitive touch sensor inputs and indicates calibration failure 00h Page 35 27h R/W Interrupt Enable Determines which capacitive sensor inputs can generate interrupts 07h Page 36 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable Enables repeat rate for specific sensor inputs 07h Page 36 29h R/W Signal Guard Enable Enables the signal guard for specific sensor inputs 00h Page 37 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Configuration Determines the number of simultaneous touches to flag a multiple touch condition 80h Page 37  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 23 CAP1293 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Determines the multiple touch pattern (MTP) configuration 00h Page 38 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Determines the pattern or number of sensor inputs used by the MTP circuitry 07h Page 39 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit Indicates whether sensor inputs have a base count out of limit 00h Page 40 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration Determines recalibration timing and sampling window 8Ah Page 40 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS1 40h Page 42 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS2 40h Page 42 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Active for CS3 40h Page 42 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold Stores controls for selecting the noise threshold for all sensor inputs 01h Page 42 Standby Configuration Registers 40h R/W Standby Channel Controls which sensor inputs are enabled for Standby 00h Page 43 41h R/W Standby Configuration Controls averaging and sensing cycle time for Standby 39h Page 43 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity Controls sensitivity settings used for Standby 02h Page 45 43h R/W Standby Threshold Stores the touch detection threshold for Standby 40h Page 46 44h R/W Configuration 2 Stores additional configuration controls for the device 40h Page 29 Base Count Registers 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 1 C8h Page 46 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 2 C8h Page 46 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count Stores the reference count value for sensor input 3 C8h Page 46 Power Button Registers 60h R/W Power Button Specifies the power button 00h Page 46 61h R/W Power Button Configuration Configures the power button feature 22h Page 47 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Register TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 24  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. During power-on reset (POR), the default values are stored in the registers. A POR is initiated when power is first applied to the part and the voltage on the VDD supply surpasses the POR level as specified in the electrical characteristics. When a bit is “set”, this means it’s at a logic ‘1’. When a bit is “cleared”, this means it’s at a logic ‘0’. 5.1 Main Control Register The Main Control register controls the primary power state of the device (see Section 4.1, "Power States"). If more than one power state bit is set, the actual power state will be as shown in Table 5-3, "Power State Bit Overrides". 80h R/W Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Stores calibration sensitivity settings for proximity 00h Page 48 Calibration Registers B1h R Sensor Input 1 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS1 00h Page 48 B2h R Sensor Input 2 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS2 00h Page 48 B3h R Sensor Input 3 Calibration Stores the upper 8-bit calibration value for CS3 00h Page 48 B9h R Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 Stores the 2 LSBs of the calibration value for CS1 - CS3 00h Page 48 ID Registers FDh R Product ID Stores a fixed value that identifies the CAP1293-1 6Fh Page 49 FEh R Manufacturer ID Stores a fixed value that identifies MCHP 5Dh Page 49 FFh R Revision Stores a fixed value that represents the revision number 00h Page 49 TABLE 5-2: MAIN CONTROL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 00h R/W Main Control GAIN[1:0] STBY DSLEEP C_GAIN[1:0] COMBO INT 00h TABLE 5-3: POWER STATE BIT OVERRIDES DSLEEP COMBO STBY Power State 0 0 0 Active 0 0 1 Standby 0 1 X Combo 1 X X DSleep TABLE 5-1: REGISTER SET IN HEXADECIMAL ORDER (CONTINUED) Register Address R/W Register Name Function Default Value Page  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 25 CAP1293 Bits 7 - 6 - GAIN[1:0] - Controls the analog gain used by the capacitive touch sensing circuitry. As the gain is increased, the effective sensitivity is likewise increased as a smaller delta capacitance is required to generate the same delta count values. The sensitivity settings may need to be adjusted along with the gain settings such that data overflow does not occur. APPLICATION NOTE: The GAIN[1:0] settings apply to both Standby and Active states, unless the COMBO bit is set. When the COMBO bit is set, this control only applies to the sensors enabled in the Active state, and the C_GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state. APPLICATION NOTE: Whenever the gain settings change, the device will recalibrate all sensor inputs as if they had no base count. Bit 5 - STBY - Enables Standby. • ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Standby state. • ‘1’ - The device is in the Standby state. Capacitive touch sensor input scanning is limited to the sensor inputs set in the Standby Channel register (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). The status registers will not be cleared until read. Sensor inputs that are no longer sampled will flag a release and then remain in a non-touched state. Bit 4 - DSLEEP - Enables Deep Sleep. • ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Deep Sleep state. • ‘1’ - The device is in the Deep Sleep state. All sensor input scanning is disabled. The status registers are automatically cleared and the INT bit is cleared.. Bits 3 - 2 - C_GAIN[1:0] - When the COMBO bit is set, this bit controls the analog gain used for capacitive touch sensor inputs enabled in the Standby state. As the gain is increased, the effective sensitivity is likewise increased as a smaller delta capacitance is required to generate the same delta count values. The Standby sensitivity settings may need to be adjusted along with the gain settings such that data overflow does not occur. APPLICATION NOTE: The C_GAIN[1:0] setting is only used if the COMBO bit is set. When the COMBO bit is set, this control only applies to the sensors enabled in the Standby state, and the GAIN[1:0] control applies to the sensors enabled in the Active state. Bit 1 - COMBO - Enables Combo state (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings"). • ‘0’ (default) - The device is not in the Combo state. • ‘1’ - The device is in the Combo state. The device is monitoring sensor inputs enabled in the Active state (see Section 5.7, "Sensor Input Enable Register") as well as those enabled in the Standby state (see Section 5.21, "Standby Channel Register"). The status registers will not be cleared until read. Sensor inputs that are no longer sampled will flag a release and then remain in a non-touched state. Bit 0 - INT - Indicates that there is an interrupt (see Section 4.9, "Interrupts"). When this bit is set, it asserts the ALERT# pin. If a channel detects a touch but interrupts are not enabled for that channel (see Section 5.11, "Interrupt Enable Register"), no action is taken. This bit is cleared by writing a logic ‘0’ to it. When this bit is cleared, the ALERT# pin will be deasserted, and all status registers will be cleared if the condition has been removed. TABLE 5-4: GAIN AND C_GAIN BIT DECODE GAIN[1:0] or C_GAIN[1:0] Capacitive Touch Sensor Input Gain 1 0 00 1 01 2 10 4 11 8 CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 26  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. • ‘0’ - No interrupt pending. • ‘1’ - An interrupt condition occurred, and the ALERT# pin has been asserted. 5.2 Status Registers All status bits are cleared when the device enters Deep Sleep (DSLEEP = ‘1’ - see Section 5.1, "Main Control Register"). 5.2.1 GENERAL STATUS - 02H Bit 6 - BC_OUT - Indicates that the base count is out of limit for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have base counts within the limit. • ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs have base counts in the operating range. • ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs has the base count out of limit. A status bit is set in the Base Count Out of Limit Register (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). Bit 5 - ACAL_FAIL - Indicates analog calibration failure for one or more enabled sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). This bit will not be cleared until all enabled sensor inputs have successfully completed analog calibration. • ‘0’ - All enabled sensor inputs were successfully calibrated. • ‘1’ - One or more enabled sensor inputs failed analog calibration. A status bit is set in the Calibration Active Register (see Section 5.10.1, "Calibration Activate and Status Register"). Bit 4 - PWR - Indicates that the designated power button has been held for the designated time (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if there is no longer a touch on the power button. • ‘0’ - The power button has not been held for the required time or is not enabled. • ‘1’ - The power button has been held for the required time. Bit 2 - MULT - Indicates that the device is blocking detected touches due to the Multiple Touch detection circuitry (see Section 5.14, "Multiple Touch Configuration Register"). This bit will not cause the INT bit to be set and hence will not cause an interrupt. Bit 1 - MTP - Indicates that the device has detected a number of sensor inputs that exceed the MTP threshold either via the pattern recognition or via the number of sensor inputs (see Section 5.15, "Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register"). This bit will cause the INT bit to be set if the MTP_ALERT bit is also set. This bit is cleared when the INT bit is cleared if the condition that caused it to be set has been removed. Bit 0 - TOUCH - Indicates that a touch was detected. This bit is set if any bit in the Sensor Input Status register is set. 5.2.2 SENSOR INPUT STATUS - 03H The Sensor Input Status Register stores status bits that indicate a touch has been detected. A value of ‘0’ in any bit indicates that no touch has been detected. A value of ‘1’ in any bit indicates that a touch has been detected. All bits are cleared when the INT bit is cleared and if a touch on the respective capacitive touch sensor input is no longer present. If a touch is still detected, the bits will not be cleared (but this will not cause the interrupt to be asserted). Bit 2 - CS3 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 3. Bit 1 - CS2 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 2. Bit 0 - CS1 - Indicates that a touch was detected on Sensor Input 1. TABLE 5-5: STATUS REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 02h R General Status - BC_ OUT ACAL _FAIL PWR - MULT MTP TOUCH 00h 03h R Sensor Input Status - - - - - CS3 CS2 CS1 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 27 CAP1293 5.3 Noise Flag Status Registers The Noise Flag Status registers store status bits that can be used to indicate that the analog block detected noise above the operating region of the analog detector or the RF noise detector (see Section 4.8.3, "Noise Status and Configuration"). These bits indicate that the most recently received data from the sensor input is invalid and should not be used for touch detection. So long as the bit is set for a particular channel, the delta count value is reset to 00h and thus no touch is detected. These bits are not sticky and will be cleared automatically if the analog block does not report a noise error. APPLICATION NOTE: If the MTP detection circuitry is enabled, these bits count as sensor inputs above the MTP threshold (see Section 4.7, "Multiple Touch Pattern Detection") even if the corresponding delta count is not. If the corresponding delta count also exceeds the MTP threshold, it is not counted twice. APPLICATION NOTE: Regardless of the state of the Noise Status bits, if low frequency noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_ANA_NOISE bit is set. As well, if RF noise is detected on a sensor input, that sample will be discarded unless the DIS_RF_NOISE bit is set. 5.4 Sensor Input Delta Count Registers The Sensor Input Delta Count registers store the delta count that is compared against the threshold used to determine if a touch has been detected. The count value represents a change in input due to the capacitance associated with a touch on one of the sensor inputs and is referenced to a calibrated base “not touched” count value. The delta is an instantaneous change and is updated once per sensor input per sensing cycle (see Section 4.3.2, "Sensing Cycle"). The value presented is a standard 2’s complement number. In addition, the value is capped at a value of 7Fh. A reading of 7Fh indicates that the sensitivity settings are too high and should be adjusted accordingly (see Section 5.5). The value is also capped at a negative value of 80h for negative delta counts which may result upon a release. TABLE 5-6: NOISE FLAG STATUS REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 0Ah R Noise Flag Status - - - - - CS3_ NOISE CS2_ NOISE CS1_ NOISE 00h TABLE 5-7: SENSOR INPUT DELTA COUNT REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 10h R Sensor Input 1 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 11h R Sensor Input 2 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h 12h R Sensor Input 3 Delta Count Sign 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 00h CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 28  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.5 Sensitivity Control Register The Sensitivity Control register controls the sensitivity of a touch detection. Bits 6-4 DELTA_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity of a touch detection for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches with higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitive settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a C of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely, a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a C of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). Bits 3 - 0 - BASE_SHIFT[3:0] - Controls the scaling and data presentation of the Base Count registers. The higher the value of these bits, the larger the range and the lower the resolution of the data presented. The scale factor represents the multiplier to the bit-weighting presented in these register descriptions. APPLICATION NOTE: The BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits normally do not need to be updated. These settings will not affect touch detection or sensitivity. These bits are sometimes helpful in analyzing the Cap Sensing board performance and stability. TABLE 5-8: SENSITIVITY CONTROL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 1Fh R/W Sensitivity Control - DELTA_SENSE[2:0] BASE_SHIFT[3:0] 2Fh TABLE 5-9: DELTA_SENSE BIT DECODE DELTA_SENSE[2:0] Sensitivity Multiplier 210 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive)  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 29 CAP1293 5.6 Configuration Registers The Configuration registers control general global functionality that affects the entire device. 5.6.1 CONFIGURATION - 20H Bit 7 - TIMEOUT - Enables the timeout and idle functionality of the SMBus protocol. • ‘0’ (default) - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are disabled. The SMBus interface will not time out if the clock line is held low. Likewise, it will not reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us. • ‘1’ - The SMBus timeout and idle functionality are enabled. The SMBus interface will reset if the clock line is held low for longer than 30ms. Likewise, it will reset if both the data and clock lines are held high for longer than 200us. Bit 5 - DIS_DIG_NOISE - Determines whether the digital noise threshold (see Section 5.20, "Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register") is used by the device. Setting this bit disables the feature. • ‘0’ - The digital noise threshold is used. If a delta count value exceeds the noise threshold but does not exceed the touch threshold, the sample is discarded and not used for the automatic recalibration routine. • ‘1’ (default) - The noise threshold is disabled. Any delta count that is less than the touch threshold is used for the automatic recalibration routine. Bit 4 - DIS_ANA_NOISE - Determines whether the analog noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature. TABLE 5-10: BASE_SHIFT BIT DECODE BASE_SHIFT[3:0] Data Scaling Factor 32 1 0 0 0 0 0 1x 0 0 0 1 2x 0 0 1 0 4x 0 0 1 1 8x 0 1 0 0 16x 0 1 0 1 32x 0 1 1 0 64x 0 1 1 1 128x 1 0 0 0 256x All others 256x (default = 1111b) TABLE 5-11: CONFIGURATION REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 20h R/W Configuration TIME OUT - DIS_ DIG_ NOISE DIS_ ANA_ NOISE MAX_ DUR_EN - - - 20h 44h R/W Configuration 2 - BC_ OUT_ RECAL BLK_ PWR_ CTRL BC_ OUT_ INT SHOW_ RF_ NOISE DIS_ RF_ NOISE ACAL _FAIL _INT INT_ REL_ n 40h CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 30  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. • ‘0’ (default) - If low frequency noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set. • ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if low frequency noise is detected. Bit 3 - MAX_DUR_EN - Determines whether the maximum duration recalibration is enabled. • ‘0’ (default) - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is disabled. A touch may be held indefinitely and no recalibration will be performed on any sensor input. • ‘1’ - The maximum duration recalibration functionality is enabled. If a touch is held for longer than the MAX_DUR bit settings (see Section 5.8), the recalibration routine will be restarted (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"). 5.6.2 CONFIGURATION 2 - 44H Bit 6 - BC_OUT_RECAL - Controls whether to retry analog calibration when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs. • ‘0’ - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input, the out of limit base count will be used for the sensor input. • ‘1’ (default) - When the BC_OUTx bit is set for a sensor input (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"), analog calibration will be repeated on the sensor input. Bit 5 - BLK_PWR_CTRL - Determines whether the device will reduce power consumption while waiting between conversion time completion and the end of the sensing cycle. • ‘0’ (default) - The device will reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle. • ‘1’ - The device will not reduce power consumption during the time between the end of the last conversion and the end of the sensing cycle. Bit 4 - BC_OUT_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when the base count is out of limit for one or more sensor inputs. • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the BC_OUT bit is set. Bit 3 - SHOW_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the Noise Status bits will show RF Noise as the only input source. • ‘0’ (default) - The Noise Status registers will show both RF noise and low frequency noise if either is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input. • ‘1’ - The Noise Status registers will only show RF noise if it is detected on a capacitive touch sensor input. Low frequency noise will still be detected and touches will be blocked normally; however, the status bits will not be updated. Bit 2 - DIS_RF_NOISE - Determines whether the RF noise filter is enabled. Setting this bit disables the feature. • ‘0’ (default) - If RF noise is detected by the analog block, the delta count on the corresponding channel is set to 0. Note that this does not require that Noise Status bits be set. • ‘1’ - A touch is not blocked even if RF noise is detected. Bit 1 - ACAL_FAIL_INT - Controls the interrupt behavior when analog calibration fails for one or more sensor inputs (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is not generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when the ACAL_FAIL bit is set Bit 0 - INT_REL_n - Controls the interrupt behavior when a release is detected on a button (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). • ‘0’ (default) - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and again when a release is detected and at the repeat rate (if enabled - see Section 5.12). • ‘1’ - An interrupt is generated when a press is detected and at the repeat rate but not when a release is detected.  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 31 CAP1293 5.7 Sensor Input Enable Register The Sensor Input Enable register determines whether a capacitive touch sensor input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The specified input is not included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. • ‘1’ (default) - The specified input is included in the sensing cycle in the Active state. Bit 2 - CS3_EN - Determines whether the CS3 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 1 - CS2_EN - Determines whether the CS2 input is monitored in the Active state. Bit 0 - CS1_EN - Determines whether the CS1 input is monitored in the Active state. 5.8 Sensor Input Configuration Register The Sensor Input Configuration Register controls timings associated with the capacitive sensor inputs. Bits 7 - 4 - MAX_DUR[3:0] - (default 1010b) - Determines the maximum time that a sensor pad is allowed to be touched until the capacitive touch sensor input is recalibrated (see Section 4.4.3, "Delayed Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5- 14. TABLE 5-12: SENSOR INPUT ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 21h R/W Sensor Input Enable - - - - - CS3_EN CS2_EN CS1_EN 07h TABLE 5-13: SENSOR INPUT CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 22h R/W Sensor Input Configuration MAX_DUR[3:0] RPT_RATE[3:0] A4h TABLE 5-14: MAX_DUR BIT DECODE MAX_DUR[3:0] Time before Recalibration 32 1 0 0 0 0 0 560ms 0 0 0 1 840ms 0 0 1 0 1120ms 0 0 1 1 1400ms 0 1 0 0 1680ms 0 1 0 1 2240ms 0 1 1 0 2800ms 0 1 1 1 3360ms CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 32  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Bits 3 - 0 - RPT_RATE[3:0] - (default 0100b) Determines the time duration between interrupt assertions when auto repeat is enabled (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5-15. 1 0 0 0 3920ms 1 0 0 1 4480ms 1 0 1 0 5600ms (default) 1 0 1 1 6720ms 1 1 0 0 7840ms 1 1 0 1 8906ms 1 1 1 0 10080ms 1 1 1 1 11200ms TABLE 5-15: RPT_RATE BIT DECODE RPT_RATE[3:0] Interrupt Repeat Rate 3 21 0 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms (default) 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms TABLE 5-14: MAX_DUR BIT DECODE (CONTINUED) MAX_DUR[3:0] Time before Recalibration 32 1 0  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 33 CAP1293 5.9 Sensor Input Configuration 2 Register Bits 3 - 0 - M_PRESS[3:0] - (default 0111b) - Determines the minimum amount of time that sensor inputs configured to use auto repeat must detect a sensor pad touch to detect a “press and hold” event (see Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior"). If the sensor input detects a touch for longer than the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a “press and hold” event is detected. If a sensor input detects a touch for less than or equal to the M_PRESS[3:0] settings, a touch event is detected. The resolution is 35ms and the range is from 35ms to 560ms as shown in Table 5-17. TABLE 5-16: SENSOR INPUT CONFIGURATION 2 REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 23h R/W Sensor Input Configuration 2 - - - - M_PRESS[3:0] 07h TABLE 5-17: M_PRESS BIT DECODE M_PRESS[3:0] M_PRESS Settings 3 21 0 0 0 0 0 35ms 0 0 0 1 70ms 0 0 1 0 105ms 0 0 1 1 140ms 0 1 0 0 175ms 0 1 0 1 210ms 0 1 1 0 245ms 0 1 1 1 280ms (default) 1 0 0 0 315ms 1 0 0 1 350ms 1 0 1 0 385ms 1 0 1 1 420ms 1 1 0 0 455ms 1 1 0 1 490ms 1 1 1 0 525ms 1 1 1 1 560ms CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 34  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.10 Averaging and Sampling Configuration Register The Averaging and Sampling Configuration register controls the number of samples taken and the target sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in the Active state. Bits 6 - 4 - AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all channels enabled in the Active state during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5-19. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. For example, if CS1, CS2, and CS3 are sampled during the sensing cycle, and the AVG[2:0] bits are set to take 4 samples per channel, then the full sensing cycle will be: CS1, CS1, CS1, CS1, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS2, CS3, CS3, CS3, CS3. Bits 3 - 2 - SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample as shown in Table 5-20. Sample time affects the magnitude of the base counts, as shown in Table 4-1, "Ideal Base Counts". TABLE 5-18: AVERAGING AND SAMPLING CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 24h R/W Averaging and Sampling Config - AVG[2:0] SAMP_TIME[1:0] CYCLE_TIME [1:0] 39h TABLE 5-19: AVG BIT DECODE AVG[2:0] Number Of Samples Taken Per Measurement 2 10 0 0 0 1 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 TABLE 5-20: SAMP_TIME BIT DECODE SAMP_TIME[1:0] Sample Time 1 0 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default)  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 35 CAP1293 Bits 1 - 0 - CYCLE_TIME[1:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for channels enabled in the Active state, as shown in Table 5-21. All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (CYCLE_TIME[1:0]) is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The AVG[2:0] bits will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 5.10.1 CALIBRATION ACTIVATE AND STATUS REGISTER The Calibration Activate and Status Register serves a dual function: 1. It forces the selected sensor inputs to be calibrated, affecting both the analog and digital blocks (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When one or more bits are set, the device performs the calibration routine on the corresponding sensor inputs. When the analog calibration routine is finished, the CALX[9:0] bits are updated (see Section 5.28, "Sensor Input Calibration Registers"). If the analog calibration routine completed successfully for a sensor input, the corresponding bit is automatically cleared. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, bits can be set by host or are automatically set by the device whenever a sensor input is newly enabled (such as coming out of Deep Sleep, after power-on reset, when a bit is set in the Sensor Enable Channel Enable register (21h) and the device is in the Active state, or when a bit is set in the Standby Channel Enable Register (40h) and the device is in the Standby state). 2. It serves as an indicator of an analog calibration failure. If any of the bits could not be cleared, the ACAL_FAIL bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). A bit will fail to clear if a noise bit is set or if the calibration value is at the maximum or minimum value. 1 1 2.56ms TABLE 5-21: CYCLE_TIME BIT DECODE CYCLE_TIME[1:0] Programmed Sensing Cycle Time 1 0 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms TABLE 5-22: CALIBRATION ACTIVATE AND STATUS REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 26h R/W Calibration Activate and Status - ---- CS3_ CAL CS2_ CAL CS1_ CAL 00h TABLE 5-20: SAMP_TIME BIT DECODE (CONTINUED) SAMP_TIME[1:0] Sample Time 1 0 CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 36  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPLICATION NOTE: In the case above, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits for failures unless the ACAL_FAIL bit is set. In addition, if a sensor input is newly enabled, do not check the Calibration Activate and Status bits until time has elapsed to complete calibration on the sensor input. Otherwise, the ACAL_FAIL bit may be set for one sensor input, but the newly enabled sensor input may still be set to ‘1’ in the Calibration Activate and Status, not because it failed, but because it has not been calibrated yet. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - No action needed. • ‘1’ - Writing a ‘1’, forces a calibration on the corresponding sensor input. If the ACAL_FAIL flag is set and this bit is set (see application note above), the sensor input could not complete analog calibration. Bit 2 - CS3_CAL - Bit for CS3 input. Bit 1 - CS2_CAL - Bit for CS2 input. Bit 0 - CS1_CAL - Bit for CS1 input. APPLICATION NOTE: Writing a ‘0’ to clear a ‘1’ may cause a planned calibration to be skipped, if the calibration routine had not reached the sensor input yet. 5.11 Interrupt Enable Register The Interrupt Enable register determines whether a sensor pad touch or release (if enabled) causes an interrupt (see Section 4.9, "Interrupts"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The ALERT# pin will not be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input. • ‘1’ (default) - The ALERT# pin will be asserted if a touch is detected on the specified sensor input. Bit 2 - CS3_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS3 (associated with the CS3 status bit). Bit 1 - CS2_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS2 (associated with the CS2 status bit). Bit 0 - CS1_INT_EN - Enables the ALERT# pin to be asserted if a touch is detected on CS1 (associated with the CS1 status bit). 5.12 Repeat Rate Enable Register The Repeat Rate Enable register enables the repeat rate of the sensor inputs as described in Section 4.9.2, "Capacitive Sensor Input Interrupt Behavior". For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is disabled. It will only generate an interrupt when a touch is TABLE 5-23: INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 27h R/W Interrupt Enable ----- CS3_ INT_EN CS2_ INT_EN CS1_ INT_EN 07h TABLE 5-24: REPEAT RATE ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 28h R/W Repeat Rate Enable ----- CS3_ RPT_EN CS2_ RPT_EN CS1_ RPT_EN 07h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 37 CAP1293 detected and when a release is detected (if enabled) no matter how long the touch is held. • ‘1’ (default) - The repeat rate for the specified sensor input is enabled. In the case of a “touch” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and a release is detected (as determined by the INT_REL_n bit - see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). In the case of a “press and hold” event, it will generate an interrupt when a touch is detected and at the repeat rate so long as the touch is held. Bit 2 - CS3_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 3. Bit 1 - CS2_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 2. Bit 0 - CS1_RPT_EN - Enables the repeat rate for capacitive touch sensor input 1. 5.13 Signal Guard Enable Register The Signal Guard Enable register enables the signal guard for the specified sensor inputs as described in Section 4.5.1, "Signal Guard". When the signal guard is enabled, CS2 is disabled. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ (default) - The signal guard is disabled for the specified sensor input. • ‘1’ - The signal guard is enabled for the specified sensor input. Bit 2 - CS3_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 3. Bit 0 - CS1_SG_EN - Enables the signal guard for capacitive touch sensor input 1. 5.14 Multiple Touch Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch detection circuitry. These settings determine the number of simultaneous buttons that may be pressed before additional buttons are blocked and the MULT status bit is set. Bit 7 - MULT_BLK_EN - Enables the multiple button blocking circuitry. • ‘0’ - The multiple touch circuitry is disabled. The device will not block multiple touches. • ‘1’ (default) - The multiple touch circuitry is enabled. The device will flag the number of touches equal to programmed multiple touch threshold and block all others. It will remember which sensor inputs are valid and block all others until that sensor pad has been released. Once a sensor pad has been released, the N detected touches (determined via the sensing cycle order of CS1 - CS3) will be flagged and all others blocked. Bits 3 - 2 - B_MULT_T[1:0] - Determines the number of simultaneous touches on all sensor pads before a Multiple Touch Event is detected and sensor inputs are blocked. The bit decode is given by Table 5-27. TABLE 5-25: SIGNAL GUARD ENABLE REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 29h R/W Signal Guard Enable ----- CS3_ SG_EN - CS1_ SG_EN 00h TABLE 5-26: MULTIPLE TOUCH CONFIGURATION Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Ah R/W Multiple Touch Config MULT _BLK_ EN - - - B_MULT_T[1:0] - - 80h CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 38  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.15 Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration Register The Multiple Touch Pattern Configuration register controls the settings for the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry. This circuitry works like the multiple touch detection circuitry with the following differences: 1. The detection threshold is a percentage of the touch detection threshold as defined by the MTP_TH[1:0] bits whereas the multiple touch circuitry uses the touch detection threshold. 2. The MTP detection circuitry either will detect a specific pattern of sensor inputs as determined by the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings or it will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register settings to determine a minimum number of sensor inputs that will cause the MTP circuitry to flag an event (see Section 5.16, "Multiple Touch Pattern Register"). When using pattern recognition mode, if all of the sensor inputs set by the Multiple Touch Pattern register have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have their corresponding Noise Flag Status bits set, the MTP bit will be set. When using the absolute number mode, if the number of sensor inputs with thresholds above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than this number, the MTP bit will be set. 3. When an MTP event occurs, all touches are blocked and an interrupt is generated. 4. All sensor inputs will remain blocked so long as the requisite number of sensor inputs are above the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Once this condition is removed, touch detection will be restored. Note that the MTP status bit is only cleared by writing a ‘0’ to the INT bit once the condition has been removed. Bit 7 - MTP_EN - Enables the multiple touch pattern detection circuitry. • ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry is disabled. • ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry is enabled. Bits 3 - 2 - MTP_TH[1:0] - Determine the MTP threshold, as shown in Table 5-29. This threshold is a percentage of sensor input threshold (see Section 5.19, "Sensor Input Threshold Registers") for inputs enabled in the Active state or of the standby threshold (see Section 5.24, "Standby Threshold Register") for inputs enabled in the Standby state. TABLE 5-27: B_MULT_T BIT DECODE B_MULT_T[1:0] Number of Simultaneous Touches 1 0 0 0 1 (default) 01 2 10 3 11 3 TABLE 5-28: MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN CONFIGURATION Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Bh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern Config MTP_ EN - - - MTP_TH[1:0] COMP_ PTRN MTP_ ALERT 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 39 CAP1293 Bit 1 - COMP_PTRN - Determines whether the MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register as a specific pattern of sensor inputs or as an absolute number of sensor inputs. • ‘0’ (default) - The MTP detection circuitry will use the Multiple Touch Pattern register bit settings as an absolute minimum number of sensor inputs that must be above the threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. The number will be equal to the number of bits set in the register. • ‘1’ - The MTP detection circuitry will use pattern recognition. Each bit set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register indicates a specific sensor input that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have a Noise Flag Status bit set. If the criteria are met, the MTP status bit will be set. Bit 0 - MTP_ALERT - Enables an interrupt if an MTP event occurs. In either condition, the MTP status bit will be set. • ‘0’ (default) - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin is not asserted. • ‘1’ - If an MTP event occurs, the ALERT# pin will be asserted. 5.16 Multiple Touch Pattern Register The Multiple Touch Pattern register acts as a pattern to identify an expected sensor input profile for diagnostics or other significant events. There are two methods for how the Multiple Touch Pattern register is used: as specific sensor inputs or number of sensor input that must exceed the MTP threshold or have Noise Flag Status bits set. Which method is used is based on the COMP_PTRN bit (see Section 5.15). The methods are described below. 1. Specific Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the specific sensor inputs above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set match those bits set in the Multiple Touch Pattern register, an MTP event is flagged. 2. Number of Sensor Inputs: If, during a single sensing cycle, the number of sensor inputs with a delta count above the MTP threshold or with Noise Flag Status bits set is equal to or greater than the number of pattern bits set, an MTP event is flagged. For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The specified sensor input is not considered a part of the pattern. • ‘1’ - The specified sensor input is considered a part of the pattern, or the absolute number of sensor inputs that must have a delta count greater than the MTP threshold or have the Noise Flag Status bit set is increased by 1. Bit 2 - CS3_PTRN - Determines whether CS3 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. Bit 1 - CS2_PTRN - Determines whether CS2 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. TABLE 5-29: MTP_TH BIT DECODE MTP_TH[1:0] Threshold Divide Setting 1 0 0 0 12.5% (default) 0 1 25% 1 0 37.5% 1 1 100% TABLE 5-30: MULTIPLE TOUCH PATTERN REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Dh R/W Multiple Touch Pattern -- - - - CS3_ PTRN CS2_ PTRN CS1_ PTRN 07h CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 40  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Bit 0 - CS1_PTRN - Determines whether CS1 is considered as part of the Multiple Touch Pattern. 5.17 Base Count Out of Limit Register The Base Count Out of Limit Register indicates which sensor inputs have base counts out of limit (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). When these bits are set, the BC_OUT bit is set (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ - The base count for the specified sensor input is in the operating range. • ‘1’ - The base count of the specified sensor input is not in the operating range. Bit 2 - BC_OUT_3 - Indicates whether CS3 has a base count out of limit. Bit 1 - BC_OUT_2 - Indicates whether CS2 has a base count out of limit. Bit 0 - BC_OUT_1 - Indicates whether CS1 has a base count out of limit. 5.18 Recalibration Configuration Register The Recalibration Configuration register controls some recalibration routine settings (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration") as well as advanced controls to program the Sensor Input Threshold register settings. Bit 7 - BUT_LD_TH - Enables setting all Sensor Input Threshold registers by writing to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register. • ‘0’ - Each Sensor Input X Threshold register is updated individually. • ‘1’ (default) - Writing the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will automatically overwrite the Sensor Input Threshold registers for all sensor inputs (Sensor Input Threshold 1 through Sensor Input Threshold 3). The individual Sensor Input X Threshold registers (Sensor Input 2 Threshold and Sensor Input 3 Threshold) can be individually updated at any time. Bit 6 - NO_CLR_INTD - Controls whether the accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set. • ‘0’ (default) - The accumulation of intermediate data is cleared if the noise status bit is set. • ‘1’ - The accumulation of intermediate data is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. APPLICATION NOTE: Bits 5 and 6 should both be set to the same value. Either both should be set to ‘0’ or both should be set to ‘1’. Bit 5 - NO_CLR_NEG - Controls whether the consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set. ‘0’ (default) - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is cleared if the noise status bit is set. ‘1’ - The consecutive negative delta counts counter is not cleared if the noise status bit is set. TABLE 5-31: BASE COUNT OUT OF LIMIT REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Eh R Base Count Out of Limit ----- BC_ OUT_ 3 BC_ OUT_ 2 BC_ OUT_ 1 00h TABLE 5-32: RECALIBRATION CONFIGURATION REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 2Fh R/W Recalibration Configuration BUT_ LD_TH NO_CLR _INTD NO_CLR _NEG NEG_DELTA_ CNT[1:0] CAL_CFG[2:0] 8Ah  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 41 CAP1293 Bits 4 - 3 - NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] - Determines the number of negative delta counts necessary to trigger a digital recalibration (see Section 4.4.2, "Negative Delta Count Recalibration"), as shown in Table 5-33. Bits 2 - 0 - CAL_CFG[2:0] - Determines the update time and number of samples of the automatic recalibration routine (see Section 4.4.1, "Automatic Recalibration"). The settings apply to all sensor inputs universally (though individual sensor inputs can be configured to support recalibration - see Section 5.10.1). Note 5-1 Recalibration Samples refers to the number of samples that are measured and averaged before the Base Count is updated however does not control the base count update period. Note 5-2 Update Time refers to the amount of time (in sensing cycle periods) that elapses before the Base Count is updated. The time will depend upon the number of channels enabled, the averaging setting, and the programmed sensing cycle time. TABLE 5-33: NEG_DELTA_CNT BIT DECODE NEG_DELTA_CNT[1:0] Number of Consecutive Negative Delta Count Values 1 0 00 8 0 1 16 (default) 1 0 32 1 1 None (disabled) TABLE 5-34: CAL_CFG BIT DECODE CAL_CFG[2:0] Recalibration Samples (see Note 5-1) Update Time (see Note 5-2) 210 0 0 0 16 16 0 0 1 32 32 0 1 0 64 64 (default) 0 1 1 128 128 1 0 0 256 256 1 0 1 256 1024 1 1 0 256 2048 1 1 1 256 4096 CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 42  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.19 Sensor Input Threshold Registers The Sensor Input Threshold registers store the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. When the BUT_LD_TH bit is set (see Section 5.18 - bit 7), writing data to the Sensor Input 1 Threshold register will update all of the Sensor Input Threshold registers (31h - 32h inclusive). 5.20 Sensor Input Noise Threshold Register The Sensor Input Noise Threshold register controls the value of a secondary internal threshold to detect noise and improve the automatic recalibration routine. If a capacitive touch sensor input exceeds the Sensor Input Noise Threshold but does not exceed the sensor input threshold, it is determined to be caused by a noise spike. That sample is not used by the automatic recalibration routine. This feature can be disabled by setting the DIS_DIG_NOISE bit. Bits 1-0 - CS1_BN_TH[1:0] - Controls the noise threshold for all capacitive touch sensor inputs, as shown in Table 5-37. The threshold is proportional to the threshold setting. TABLE 5-35: SENSOR INPUT THRESHOLD REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 30h R/W Sensor Input 1 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 31h R/W Sensor Input 2 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h 32h R/W Sensor Input 3 Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h TABLE 5-36: SENSOR INPUT NOISE THRESHOLD REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 38h R/W Sensor Input Noise Threshold - - ---- CS_BN_TH [1:0] 01h TABLE 5-37: CSX_BN_TH BIT DECODE CS_BN_TH[1:0] Percent Threshold Setting 1 0 0 0 25% 0 1 37.5% (default) 1 0 50% 1 1 62.5%  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 43 CAP1293 5.21 Standby Channel Register The Standby Channel register controls which (if any) capacitive touch sensor inputs are enabled in Standby (see Section 4.3.1.2, "Standby State Sensing Settings"). For all bits in this register: • ‘0’ (default) - The specified channel will not be monitored in Standby. • ‘1’ - The specified channel will be monitored in Standby. It will use the standby threshold setting, and the standby averaging and sensitivity settings. Bit 2 - CS3_STBY - Controls whether the CS3 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 1 - CS2_STBY - Controls whether the CS2 channel is enabled in Standby. Bit 0 - CS1_STBY - Controls whether the CS1 channel is enabled in Standby. 5.22 Standby Configuration Register The Standby Configuration register controls averaging and sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. This register allows the user to change averaging and sample times on a limited number of sensor inputs in Standby and still maintain normal functionality in the Active state. Bit 7 - AVG_SUM - Determines whether the sensor inputs enabled in Standby will average the programmed number of samples or whether they will accumulate for the programmed number of samples. • ‘0’ - (default) - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the average of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold. • ‘1’ - The Standby enabled sensor input delta count values will be based on the summation of the programmed number of samples when compared against the threshold. Caution should be used with this setting as a touch may overflow the delta count registers and may result in false readings. Bits 6 - 4 - STBY_AVG[2:0] - Determines the number of samples that are taken for all Standby enabled channels during the sensing cycle as shown in Table 5-40. All samples are taken consecutively on the same channel before the next channel is sampled and the result is averaged over the number of samples measured before updating the measured results. TABLE 5-38: STANDBY CHANNEL REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 40h R/W Standby Channel - - --- CS3_ STBY CS2_ STBY CS1_ STBY 00h TABLE 5-39: STANDBY CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 41h R/W Standby Configuration AVG_ SUM STBY_AVG[2:0] STBY_SAMP_ TIME[1:0] STBY_CY_TIME [1:0] 39h TABLE 5-40: STBY_AVG BIT DECODE STBY_AVG[2:0] Number Of Samples Taken Per Measurement 2 10 0 0 0 1 CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 44  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Bit 3 - 2 - STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] - Determines the time to take a single sample for sensor inputs enabled in Standby as shown in Table 5-41. Bits 1 - 0 - STBY_CY_TIME[2:0] - Determines the desired sensing cycle time for sensor inputs enabled during Standby, as shown in Table 5-42. This control is also used to determine programmed cycle time in the Combo state (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings"). All enabled channels are sampled at the beginning of the sensing cycle. If additional time is remaining, the device is placed into a lower power state for the remainder of the sensing cycle. APPLICATION NOTE: The programmed sensing cycle time (STDBY_CY_TIME[1:0] is only maintained if the actual time to take the samples is less than the programmed cycle time. The STBY_AVG[2:0] bits 0 01 2 0 10 4 0 1 1 8 (default) 1 0 0 16 1 0 1 32 1 1 0 64 1 1 1 128 TABLE 5-41: STBY_SAMP_TIME BIT DECODE STBY_SAMP_TIME[1:0] Sampling Time 1 0 0 0 320us 0 1 640us 1 0 1.28ms (default) 1 1 2.56ms TABLE 5-42: STBY_CY_TIME BIT DECODE STBY_CY_TIME[1:0] Programmed Sensing Cycle Time 1 0 0 0 35ms 0 1 70ms (default) 1 0 105ms 1 1 140ms TABLE 5-40: STBY_AVG BIT DECODE (CONTINUED) STBY_AVG[2:0] Number Of Samples Taken Per Measurement 2 10  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 45 CAP1293 will take priority, so the sensing cycle time will be extended as necessary to accommodate the number of samples to be measured. 5.23 Standby Sensitivity Register The Standby Sensitivity register controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs enabled in Standby. Bits 2 - 0 - STBY_SENSE[2:0] - Controls the sensitivity for sensor inputs that are enabled in Standby. The sensitivity settings act to scale the relative delta count value higher or lower based on the system parameters. A setting of 000b is the most sensitive while a setting of 111b is the least sensitive. At the more sensitive settings, touches are detected for a smaller delta capacitance corresponding to a “lighter” touch. These settings are more sensitive to noise, however, and a noisy environment may flag more false touches than higher sensitivity levels. APPLICATION NOTE: A value of 128x is the most sensitive setting available. At the most sensitivity settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register represents 64 out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 0.25% of the base capacitance (or a C of 25fF from a 10pF base capacitance). Conversely a value of 1x is the least sensitive setting available. At these settings, the MSB of the Delta Count register corresponds to a delta count of 8192 counts out of ~25,000 which corresponds to a touch of approximately 33% of the base capacitance (or a C of 3.33pF from a 10pF base capacitance). TABLE 5-43: STANDBY SENSITIVITY REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 42h R/W Standby Sensitivity - - - - - STBY_SENSE[2:0] 02h TABLE 5-44: STBY_SENSE BIT DECODE STBY_SENSE[2:0] Sensitivity Multiplier 210 0 0 0 128x (most sensitive) 0 0 1 64x 0 1 0 32x (default) 0 1 1 16x 1 0 0 8x 1 0 1 4x 1 1 0 2x 1 1 1 1x - (least sensitive) CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 46  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.24 Standby Threshold Register The Standby Threshold register stores the delta threshold that is used to determine if a touch has been detected. When a touch occurs, the input signal of the corresponding sensor pad changes due to the capacitance associated with a touch. If the sensor input change exceeds the threshold settings, a touch is detected. 5.25 Sensor Input Base Count Registers The Sensor Input Base Count registers store the calibrated “not touched” input value from the capacitive touch sensor inputs. These registers are periodically updated by the calibration and recalibration routines. The routine uses an internal adder to add the current count value for each reading to the sum of the previous readings until sample size has been reached. At this point, the upper 16 bits are taken and used as the Sensor Input Base Count. The internal adder is then reset and the recalibration routine continues. The data presented is determined by the BASE_SHIFT[3:0] bits (see Section 5.5). 5.26 Power Button Register The Power Button Register indicates the sensor input that has been designated as the power button (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). Bits 2 - 0 - PWR_BTN[2:0] - When the power button feature is enabled, this control indicates the sensor input to be used as the power button. The decode is shown in Table 5-48. TABLE 5-45: STANDBY THRESHOLD REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 43h R/W Standby Threshold - 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 40h TABLE 5-46: SENSOR INPUT BASE COUNT REGISTERS Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 50h R Sensor Input 1 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 51h R Sensor Input 2 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h 52h R Sensor Input 3 Base Count 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 C8h TABLE 5-47: POWER BUTTON REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 60h R/W Power Button - - - - - PWR_BTN[2:0] 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 47 CAP1293 5.27 Power Button Configuration Register The Power Button Configuration Register controls the length of time that the designated power button must indicate a touch before an interrupt is generated and the power status indicator is set (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). Bit 6 - STBY_PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Standby state. • ‘0’ (default) - The Standby power button circuitry is disabled. • ‘1’ - The Standby power button circuitry is enabled. Bits 5 - 4 - STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5-50, that the power button must be held in the Standby state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. Bit 2 - PWR_EN - Enables the power button feature in the Active state. • ‘0’ (default) - The power button circuitry is disabled in the Active state. • ‘1’ -The power button circuitry is enabled in the Active state. Bits 1 - 0 - PWR_TIME[1:0] - Determines the overall time, as shown in Table 5-50, that the power button must be held in the Active state, in order for an interrupt to be generated and the PWR bit to be set. TABLE 5-48: PWR_BTN BIT DECODE PWR_BTN[2:0] Sensor Input Designated as Power Button 210 0 0 0 CS1 0 0 1 CS2 0 1 0 CS3 TABLE 5-49: POWER BUTTON CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 61h R/W Power Button Configuration - STBY_ PWR_ EN STBY_PWR_ TIME [1:0] - PWR_ EN PWR_TIME [1:0] 22h TABLE 5-50: POWER BUTTON TIME BITS DECODE PWR_TIME[1:0] / STBY_PWR_TIME[1:0] Power Button Touch Hold Time 1 0 0 0 280ms 0 1 560ms 1 0 1.12 sec (default) 1 1 2.24 sec CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 48  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.28 Sensor Input Calibration Registers The Sensor Input Calibration registers hold the 10-bit value that represents the last calibration value. The value represents the capacitance applied to the internal sensing circuits to balance the capacitance of the sensor input pad. Minimum (000h) and maximum (3FFh) values indicate analog calibration failure (see Section 4.4, "Sensor Input Calibration"). 5.29 Calibration Sensitivity Configuration Register CALSENx[1:0] - Controls the gain used by the calibration routine to enable sensor inputs to be more sensitive for proximity detection. Gain is based on capacitance touch pad capacitance ranges, as shown in Table 5-53. Since each sensor input can have a different pad capacitance, each sensor input has a control. TABLE 5-51: SENSOR INPUT CALIBRATION REGISTERS Addr Register R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default B1h Sensor Input 1 Calibration R CAL1_9 CAL1_8 CAL1_7 CAL1_6 CAL1_5 CAL1_4 CAL1_3 CAL1_2 00h B2h Sensor Input 2 Calibration R CAL2_9 CAL2_8 CAL2_7 CAL2_6 CAL2_5 CAL2_4 CAL2_3 CAL2_2 00h B3h Sensor Input 3 Calibration R CAL3_9 CAL3_8 CAL3_7 CAL3_6 CAL3_5 CAL3_4 CAL3_3 CAL3_2 00h B9h Sensor Input Calibration LSB 1 R - - CAL3_1 CAL3_0 CAL2_1 CAL2_0 CAL1_1 CAL1_0 00h TABLE 5-52: CALIBRATION SENSITIVITY CONFIGURATION REGISTER Addr Register R/W B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default 80h Calibration Sensitivity Config 1 R/W - - CALSEN3[1:0] CALSEN2[1:0] CALSEN1[1:0] 00h TABLE 5-53: CALSENX BIT DECODE CALSENx[1:0] Gain Capacitive Touch Pad Capacitance Range 1 0 0 0 1 5-50pF (default) 0 1 2 0-25pF 1 0 4 0-12.5pF  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 49 CAP1293 5.30 Product ID Register The Product ID register stores a unique 8-bit value that identifies the device. 5.31 Manufacturer ID Register The Vendor ID register stores an 8-bit value that represents MCHP. 5.32 Revision Register The Revision register stores an 8-bit value that represents the part revision. TABLE 5-54: PRODUCT ID REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FDh R Product ID CAP1293-1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 6Fh TABLE 5-55: VENDOR ID REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FEh R Manufacturer ID 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 5Dh TABLE 5-56: REVISION REGISTER Addr R/W Register B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Default FFh R Revision 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 50  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 6.0 PACKAGE INFORMATION 6.1 CAP1293 Package Drawings FIGURE 6-1: CAP1293 8-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 51 CAP1293 FIGURE 6-1: CAP1293 8-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 52  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 6-1: CAP1293 8-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE, NARROW, 3.90 MM BODY (SOIC)      !"#$% &  ! "# $% &"'"" ($)  % *++&&&!  !+$  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 53 CAP1293 FIGURE 6-2: CAP1293 PACKAGE DRAWING - 8-PIN TDFN 2MM X 3MM CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 54  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 6-3: CAP1293 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS - 8-PIN TDFN 2MM X 3MM FIGURE 6-4: CAP1293 PCB LAND PATTERN AND STENCIL - 8-PIN TDFN 2MM X 3MM  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 55 CAP1293 FIGURE 6-5: CAP1293 PACKAGE MARKING C 2 F R PIN 1 CAP1293-1-SN-TR C H 3 R PIN 1 C 2 F R TOP BOTTOM Bottom marking not allowed PIN 1 Line 1 – Prefix, First digit of Device Code Line 2 – Last digit of Device Code, Revision Line 1 – Prefix, First digit of Device Code Line 2 – Last digit of Device Code, Revision Line 1 – Prefix, First digit of Device Code Line 2 – Last digit of Device Code, Revision C H 3 R TOP BOTTOM Bottom marking not allowed PIN 1 Line 1 – Prefix, First digit of Device Code Line 2 – Last digit of Device Code, Revision CAP1293-2-SN-TR CAP1293-1-AC3-TR CAP1293-2-AC3-TR Pb-Free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) Pb-Free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 56  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. APPENDIX A: DEVICE DELTA A.1 Delta from CAP1133 to CAP1293 1. Revision ID set to 00h. 2. Pinout changed. LED pins removed. Added GND pin as ground slug is no longer used for ground connection. 3. Reduced package size from a 10-pin 3mm x 3mm DFN to an 8-pin 2mm x 3mm TDFN. 4. Added Power Button feature (see Section 4.6, "Power Button"). 5. Added ACAL_FAIL bit to flag analog calibration failures (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and ACAL_FAIL_INT bit to control analog calibration failure interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). 6. Added BC_OUT bit to flag calibration failures regarding base counts out of limit (see Section 5.2, "Status Registers") and BC_OUT_RECAL and BC_OUT_INT bit to control base count out of limit behavior and interrupts (see Section 5.6, "Configuration Registers"). Added Base Count Out of Limit Register to indicate which sensor inputs have base counts outside the operating range (see Section 5.17, "Base Count Out of Limit Register"). 7. New Combo state has been added which allows some sensors programmed to use the Active state settings and other sensors programmed to use the Standby state settings to function at the same time (see Section 4.3.1.3, "Combo State Sensing Settings"). 8. Added an option for a signal guard that is overloaded with the CS2 pin. This signal guard is configured to power a ground shield for improved signal in certain applications (see Section 4.5.1, "Signal Guard"). 9. Increased supply voltage range for 5V operation. 10. Increased operating temperature range from 0°C - 85°C to -40°C to 125°C. 11. LEDs removed. 12. Removed ALERT pin configuration. 13. Register set changed as shown in Table A-1, "Register Delta". TABLE A-1: REGISTER DELTA Address Register Delta Delta Default 00h Page 24 Added bits - Main Control Register Added C_GAIN[1:0] and COMBO bits. Changed function of GAIN[1:0] bits if COMBO bit is set. 00h 02h Page 26 Added bits - General Status Register Added bit 4 PWR for new Power Button feature. Added bit 5 ACAL_FAIL to indicate analog calibration failure. Added bit 6 BC_OUT. Removed bit 4 LED status. 00h 04h Removed - LED Status Register removed register n/a 26h Page 35 Renamed Calibration Activate and Status Register and added functionality In addition to forcing a calibration, the register also indicates the status of calibration for each sensor input. 00h 29h Page 37 New - Signal Guard Enable Register new register for Signal Guard feature 00h  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 57 CAP1293 2Eh Page 40 New - Base Count Out of Limit Register new register for calibration status 00h 44h Page 29 Added and removed bits - Configuration 2 Register Added bit 1 ACAL_FAIL_INT. Changed bit 4 from BLK_POL_MIR to BC_OUT_INT. Changed bit 6 from ALT_POL to BC_OUT_RECAL. Removed bit 7 INV_LINK_TRAN. 40h 60h Page 46 New - Power Button Register new register for Power Button feature 00h 61h Page 47 New - Power Button Configuration Register new register for configuring the Power Button feature 00h 71h Removed - LED Output Type Register removed register n/a 72h Removed - Sensor Input LED Linking Register removed register n/a 73h Removed - LED Polarity Register removed register n/a 74h Removed - LED Output Control Register removed register n/a 77h Removed - Linked LED Transition Control Register removed register n/a 79h Removed - LED Mirror Control Register removed register n/a 80h Page 48 Added - Calibration Sensitivity Config new register for proximity 00h 84h Removed - LED Pulse 1 Period removed register n/a 85h Removed - LED Pulse 2 Period removed register n/a 86h Removed - LED Breathe Period Register removed register n/a 88h Removed - LED Config Register removed register n/a 90h Removed - LED Pulse 1 Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 91h Removed - LED Pulse 2 Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 92h Removed - LED Breathe Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a TABLE A-1: REGISTER DELTA (CONTINUED) Address Register Delta Delta Default CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 58  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 93h Removed - LED Direct Duty Cycle Register removed register n/a 94h Removed - LED Direct Ramp Rates Register removed register n/a 95h Removed - LED Off Delay removed register n/a FDh Page 49 Changed - Product ID New product ID for CAP1293 6Fh FFh Page 49 Changed - Revision Register Revision changed. 00h TABLE A-1: REGISTER DELTA (CONTINUED) Address Register Delta Delta Default  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 59 CAP1293 7.0 REVISION HISTORY TABLE 7-1: REVISION HISTORY Revision Level and Date Section/Figure/Entry Correction DS00001566B (11-17-15) Added 8-lead SOIC packages, SOIC pinout diagrams, package marking. Updated ordering information. CAP1293 Revision A replaces the previous SMSC version Revision 1.0 CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 60  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information: • Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software • General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing • Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. To register, access the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on “Customer Change Notification” and follow the registration instructions. CUSTOMER SUPPORT Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: • Distributor or Representative • Local Sales Office • Field Application Engineer (FAE) • Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. Technical support is available through the web site at: http://www.microchip.com/support  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 61 CAP1293 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. Device: CAP1293 Tape and Reel Option TR Tape and Reel Package:(2) AC3 8-pin TDFN SN 8-pin SOIC Examples: a) CAP1293-1-AC3-TR 0b0101_000[r/w] Address 8-pin TDFN package b) CAP1293-2-SN-TR 0b0101_001[r/w] Address 8-pin SOIC package Note 1: Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the catalog part number description. This identifier is used for ordering purposes and is not printed on the device package. Check with your Microchip Sales Office for package availability with the Tape and Reel option. 2: For other small form-factor package availability and marking information, please visit www.microchip.com/packaging or contact your local sales office. PART NO. [X] XX Address Package Option Device [XX] Tape and Reel Option - - CAP1293 DS00001566B-page 62  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2013-2015, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 9781522403203 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 ==  2013-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001566B-page 63 AMERICAS Corporate Office 2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 Tel: 480-792-7200 Fax: 480-792-7277 Technical Support: http://www.microchip.com/ support Web Address: www.microchip.com Atlanta Duluth, GA Tel: 678-957-9614 Fax: 678-957-1455 Austin, TX Tel: 512-257-3370 Boston Westborough, MA Tel: 774-760-0087 Fax: 774-760-0088 Chicago Itasca, IL Tel: 630-285-0071 Fax: 630-285-0075 Cleveland Independence, OH Tel: 216-447-0464 Fax: 216-447-0643 Dallas Addison, TX Tel: 972-818-7423 Fax: 972-818-2924 Detroit Novi, MI Tel: 248-848-4000 Houston, TX Tel: 281-894-5983 Indianapolis Noblesville, IN Tel: 317-773-8323 Fax: 317-773-5453 Los Angeles Mission Viejo, CA Tel: 949-462-9523 Fax: 949-462-9608 New York, NY Tel: 631-435-6000 San Jose, CA Tel: 408-735-9110 Canada - Toronto Tel: 905-673-0699 Fax: 905-673-6509 ASIA/PACIFIC Asia Pacific Office Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor Tower 6, The Gateway Harbour City, Kowloon Hong Kong Tel: 852-2943-5100 Fax: 852-2401-3431 Australia - Sydney Tel: 61-2-9868-6733 Fax: 61-2-9868-6755 China - Beijing Tel: 86-10-8569-7000 Fax: 86-10-8528-2104 China - Chengdu Tel: 86-28-8665-5511 Fax: 86-28-8665-7889 China - Chongqing Tel: 86-23-8980-9588 Fax: 86-23-8980-9500 China - Dongguan Tel: 86-769-8702-9880 China - Hangzhou Tel: 86-571-8792-8115 Fax: 86-571-8792-8116 China - Hong Kong SAR Tel: 852-2943-5100 Fax: 852-2401-3431 China - Nanjing Tel: 86-25-8473-2460 Fax: 86-25-8473-2470 China - Qingdao Tel: 86-532-8502-7355 Fax: 86-532-8502-7205 China - Shanghai Tel: 86-21-5407-5533 Fax: 86-21-5407-5066 China - Shenyang Tel: 86-24-2334-2829 Fax: 86-24-2334-2393 China - Shenzhen Tel: 86-755-8864-2200 Fax: 86-755-8203-1760 China - Wuhan Tel: 86-27-5980-5300 Fax: 86-27-5980-5118 China - Xian Tel: 86-29-8833-7252 Fax: 86-29-8833-7256 ASIA/PACIFIC China - Xiamen Tel: 86-592-2388138 Fax: 86-592-2388130 China - Zhuhai Tel: 86-756-3210040 Fax: 86-756-3210049 India - Bangalore Tel: 91-80-3090-4444 Fax: 91-80-3090-4123 India - New Delhi Tel: 91-11-4160-8631 Fax: 91-11-4160-8632 India - Pune Tel: 91-20-3019-1500 Japan - Osaka Tel: 81-6-6152-7160 Fax: 81-6-6152-9310 Japan - Tokyo Tel: 81-3-6880- 3770 Fax: 81-3-6880-3771 Korea - Daegu Tel: 82-53-744-4301 Fax: 82-53-744-4302 Korea - Seoul Tel: 82-2-554-7200 Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or 82-2-558-5934 Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur Tel: 60-3-6201-9857 Fax: 60-3-6201-9859 Malaysia - Penang Tel: 60-4-227-8870 Fax: 60-4-227-4068 Philippines - Manila Tel: 63-2-634-9065 Fax: 63-2-634-9069 Singapore Tel: 65-6334-8870 Fax: 65-6334-8850 Taiwan - Hsin Chu Tel: 886-3-5778-366 Fax: 886-3-5770-955 Taiwan - Kaohsiung Tel: 886-7-213-7828 Taiwan - Taipei Tel: 886-2-2508-8600 Fax: 886-2-2508-0102 Thailand - Bangkok Tel: 66-2-694-1351 Fax: 66-2-694-1350 EUROPE Austria - Wels Tel: 43-7242-2244-39 Fax: 43-7242-2244-393 Denmark - Copenhagen Tel: 45-4450-2828 Fax: 45-4485-2829 France - Paris Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79 Germany - Dusseldorf Tel: 49-2129-3766400 Germany - Karlsruhe Tel: 49-721-625370 Germany - Munich Tel: 49-89-627-144-0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44 Italy - Milan Tel: 39-0331-742611 Fax: 39-0331-466781 Italy - Venice Tel: 39-049-7625286 Netherlands - Drunen Tel: 31-416-690399 Fax: 31-416-690340 Poland - Warsaw Tel: 48-22-3325737 Spain - Madrid Tel: 34-91-708-08-90 Fax: 34-91-708-08-91 Sweden - Stockholm Tel: 46-8-5090-4654 UK - Wokingham Tel: 44-118-921-5800 Fax: 44-118-921-5820 Worldwide Sales and Service 07/14/15

 2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 1 INTRODUCTION Although many applications can function with PWM resolutions of less than eight bits, there is a range of applications, such as dimming of lamps, where higher resolution is required due to the sensitivity of the human eye. BACKGROUND A conventional PWM uses a timer to produce a regular switching frequency (TPWM), and then uses a ripple counter to determine how many clocks the output is held high before the pulse ends. The output pulse width is adjusted as indicated in Figure 1 to produce, in this case, a PWM with five possible duty cycle settings (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% or 100%). FIGURE 1: CONVENTIONAL PWM The effective resolution (measured in bits) of a PWM can be calculated by taking the base-2 logarithm of the number of pulse width settings (N) possible. EQUATION 1: PWM RESOLUTION For a device running at 16 MHz, the smallest duty cycle adjustment increment would be 62.5 ns (one system clock). If the PWM is configured to run at a switching frequency of 200 kHz (switching period of 5 us), 100% duty cycle will be achieved when the duty cycle register is set to 80 clocks (80 x 62.5 ns = 5 us). This would make the effective PWM resolution only slightly more than six bits, as there are 80 steps to choose from. This is because one system clock divides into one period 80 times. Knowing that there are 80 possible duty cycle steps, a precise value for the resolution of the PWM can be calculated as follows (Equation 2): EQUATION 2: PWM RESOLUTION EXAMPLE A PWM running from a 16 MHz clock, which has a 10-bit duty cycle register, will start losing resolution due to this limitation at a 15.6 kHz switching frequency. For higher PWM switching frequencies, the duty cycle will reach 100% before all of the steps in the 10-bit duty cycle register have been used, and for all the remaining values the output will simply remain at 100% duty cycle. The frequency at which this point is reached can be calculated as follows (Equation 5): EQUATION 3: SWITCHING FREQUENCY LIMITATION Author: Cobus Van Eeden Microchip Technology Inc. Resolution log = 2  N log280 6.32 bits = Fosc #Steps --------------- 16MHz 2 10 ------------------ 16 000 000   1024 == = ----------------------------- 15.6 kHz Combining the CLC and NCO to Implement a High-Resolution PWM AN1476 AN1476 DS00001476B-page 2  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. In most PWM applications, the PWM is switched at a much higher frequency than the output can ever change. By filtering this PWM signal using a low-pass filter, the desired output is obtained. The filter removes the high-frequency switching components of the PWM by essentially calculating the average value of the PWM signal, and presents this as the output. For example, in a switching power supply, the output voltage will be directly proportional to the duty cycle. The consequence of this relationship is that the smaller the adjustment to the PWM duty cycle, the smaller the resulting change to the output will be resulting in more precise control of the output. From a control systems point of view, being able to make small adjustments to the output effectively lowers the quantization gain introduced by the PWM. In control systems, this lowering of the gain is important to ensure stability of the system. DESIGN PWM Construction In principal, a PWM is created by the combination of the two parameters. The first being a repeating trigger, which determines how often the switching period or switching frequency are pulsed, and the second being a single-pulse generator, which determines how wide the pulse is (the duty cycle). This is illustrated in Figure 2. FIGURE 2: PWM CONSTRUCTION In order to achieve an increase in the effective PWM resolution, the NCO peripheral on the PIC® device will be used to create a monostable circuit (a circuit that gives a single pulse of fixed duration when triggered). The NCO will generate a signal that varies between two values in a defined proportion, creating an average pulse width, which is somewhere in between two system clocks, as illustrated in Figure 3. The PWM signal pulse width will vary (jitter/dither) by one clock period, with the proportion/ratio of the variation precisely determined by the NCO configuration. FIGURE 3: NCO BASED PWM OPERATION Switching Period Source Pulse Generator Repeating Pulses = PWM Trigger  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 3 AN1476 In any application where the output is producing an average value (e.g., average power transfer to the load in SMPS or lighting applications), the variation in pulse width will be perfectly acceptable, because the average pulse width is accurately controlled. By itself, the NCO peripheral cannot produce a PWM signal, but its behavior can be changed by adding some logic using the CLC to produce a PWM output. This can be achieved by using the conventional PWM as a clock source to trigger the PWM period, and use the NCO to determine the pulse width. Any number of clock sources could be used (e.g., Timers or even external signals), and in some applications an external trigger can be used to start the pulses, such as a zero-current detection circuit for power supplies. A simplified block diagram of how this will work is shown in Figure 4. FIGURE 4: NCO-BASED PWM PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION The control logic in the CLC is used to set an output when the switching clock indicates that it is time for the next pulse, and clear this output to complete the pulse once the NCO overflows. AN1476 DS00001476B-page 4  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. IMPLEMENTATION USING CLC AND NCO An implementation of this design using the NCO and CLC is shown in Figure 5. For this design, the NCO is placed in Pulse Frequency mode. In this mode of operation, a short pulse is produced when the NCO overflows. The operation of the circuit can be described as follows: 1. When the system begins, the NCO output is low because it is waiting for enough clocks to count until it overflows and produces a pulse. This low output signal is inverted so that the PWM output becomes high and is fed into U2. This will supply a high-speed clock back into the NCO clock pin via U3. 2. The PWM output will remain high until the accumulator overflows and the NCO output changes. This will cause U2 to stop producing the clock needed to run the NCO. At this point, the NCO is stuck high until it can get the clocks needed to finish its pulse. The PWM output is now low. 3. The timing source will then pulse high through U1 when the next period begins, feeding the high-speed clock back to the NCO via U3. 4. The NCO uses these few clocks to finish the pulse, and then the output toggles back to the low position where it starts the process over from step 1 above. The amount of time it takes the NCO to overflow will depend on the remainder left in the accumulator after the last overflow, as well as the increment register. Due to the accumulation of remainders the pulse will sometimes be one system clock shorter than usual. By controlling how often this happens (setting the increment register), the exact average pulse width can be controlled. FIGURE 5: PWM IMPLEMENTATION USING CLC AND NCO CALCULATIONS The calculation of the pulse width will be according to the NCO overflow frequency calculation, as listed in the data sheet. EQUATION 4: OUTPUT FREQUENCY The average overflow frequency of the NCO will determine the average output pulse width (TPULSE) produced. EQUATION 5: AVERAGE PULSE WIDTH Table 1 below shows the pulse width, which this circuit will produce using a 16 MHz clock connected directly to the NCO clock input (FNCO), given various increment register values. Note that, for high increment values, a single increment of the register will change the pulse width by a mere 15 ps. CLK NCO OUT PWM Output Fosc Timing Source Duty Cycle Control Time Base Examples Timer Overflow PWM External Trigger (ZC/ZV) Clock/Oscillator Switching Frequency Control FOUT FNCO Increment 2 n =  -------------------------- TPULSE 1 FOUT = -------------  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 5 AN1476 CHARACTERISTICS It is important to note that the NCO is designed to give linear control over frequency. The control over pulse width is subsequently not linear. As can be seen from the equation for calculating TPULSE above (Equation 5), the pulse width will vary with the inverse of the frequency (1/x). The result is that the effective resolution of the PWM is not constant over the entire range from 0% to 100% duty cycle. For every duty cycle setting, the effective resolution at this particular point can be calculated and then plotted on a graph. This curve will look different depending on what the switching frequency is, the pulse width being adjusted independently from the switching frequency. For a FSW = 3 kHz and a 16 MHz clock, the graphic will look as follows (Figure 6). FIGURE 6: HIGH RES PWM RESOLUTION PLOTTED AGAINST DUTY CYCLE (CLOCK = 16 MHz, FSW = 3 kHz) Although there is an equivalent of 21 bits of resolution close to 0% duty cycle, this deteriorates to only 7.5 bits of resolution at 100% duty cycle, at which point the conventional PWM would outperform our high-resolution implementation. Interestingly, and perhaps counter-intuitively, the resolution can be improved by decreasing the NCO input clock frequency. Reducing this clock to 1 MHz will have the result shown below (Figure 7). TABLE 1: CALCULATED PWM PULSE WIDTH FOR DIFFERENT INCREMENT REGISTER VALUES Increment Value NCO FOUT (Hz) Average Pulse Width (ns) 65000 991,821 1,008.246 65001 991,837 1,008.231 20000 305,176 3,276.800 20001 305,191 3,276.636 100 1,526 655,360.000 101 1,541 648,871.287 23 21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 AN1476 DS00001476B-page 6  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 7: HIGH RES PWM RESOLUTION PLOTTED AGAINST DUTY CYCLE (CLOCK = 1 MHz, FSW = 3 kHz) There is, of course, a limitation, as can be seen, close to 0% duty cycle, where the increment register maximum value is reached and smaller pulses cannot be generated any more, but the resolution now never reduces to less than 11 bits. One way to improve the performance would be to invert the PWM signal when it exceeds 50% duty cycle. Doing this can effectively mirror the performance under 50% duty cycle to the region above it, with the higher resolution. There is still the option to use the original curve where the limits of the increment are reached. This results in the following graphic (Figure 8) for the same conditions as the graphic above. FIGURE 8: RESOLUTION VS DUTY CYCLE WITH SIGNAL INVERSION AT 50% DUTY CYCLE (CLOCK = 1 MHz, FSW = 3 kHz) 19 21 17 15 13 11 9 7 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 7 AN1476 When the intention is to achieve both the highest possible switching frequency and the highest resolution using this technique, the configuration shown below can be used (Figure 9). This graphic shows the achievable resolution when using a 16 MHz clock at a switching frequency of 500 kHz. FIGURE 9: HIGH RES PWM RESOLUTION PLOTTED AGAINST DUTY CYCLE WITH INVERSION AT 50% (CLOCK = 16 MHz, FSW = 500 kHz) SUMMARY Conventional PWMs start losing effective resolution at relatively low-switching frequencies. For applications where the switching frequencies have to be fairly high, and having as much PWM resolution as possible at these frequencies is necessary, the NCO can be used in conjunction with the CLC to create a very high-resolution PWM output. The smallest incremental change in pulse width achievable by a conventional PWM with a 16 MHz system clock speed would be 62.5 ns. If the fastest available PWM clock is FOSC/4, then this increases to 250 ns. On the same device, a PWM with an incremental pulse width change of as little as 15 ps can be constructed using the technique described in this application note. Even if the requirement is not primarily high resolution, this solution may still be attractive for a number of applications, adding an additional PWM to the capability of the device, or having a constant on/off-time variable frequency PWM, where the pulse is triggered externally as required, when doing zero current switching in high-efficiency power converters. 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 DS00001476B-page 8  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2012-2015, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 978-1-63277-695-2 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 ==  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 9 AMERICAS Corporate Office 2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 Tel: 480-792-7200 Fax: 480-792-7277 Technical Support: http://www.microchip.com/ support Web Address: www.microchip.com Atlanta Duluth, GA Tel: 678-957-9614 Fax: 678-957-1455 Austin, TX Tel: 512-257-3370 Boston Westborough, MA Tel: 774-760-0087 Fax: 774-760-0088 Chicago Itasca, IL Tel: 630-285-0071 Fax: 630-285-0075 Cleveland Independence, OH Tel: 216-447-0464 Fax: 216-447-0643 Dallas Addison, TX Tel: 972-818-7423 Fax: 972-818-2924 Detroit Novi, MI Tel: 248-848-4000 Houston, TX Tel: 281-894-5983 Indianapolis Noblesville, IN Tel: 317-773-8323 Fax: 317-773-5453 Los Angeles Mission Viejo, CA Tel: 949-462-9523 Fax: 949-462-9608 New York, NY Tel: 631-435-6000 San Jose, CA Tel: 408-735-9110 Canada - Toronto Tel: 905-673-0699 Fax: 905-673-6509 ASIA/PACIFIC Asia Pacific Office Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor Tower 6, The Gateway Harbour City, Kowloon Hong Kong Tel: 852-2943-5100 Fax: 852-2401-3431 Australia - Sydney Tel: 61-2-9868-6733 Fax: 61-2-9868-6755 China - Beijing Tel: 86-10-8569-7000 Fax: 86-10-8528-2104 China - Chengdu Tel: 86-28-8665-5511 Fax: 86-28-8665-7889 China - Chongqing Tel: 86-23-8980-9588 Fax: 86-23-8980-9500 China - Dongguan Tel: 86-769-8702-9880 China - Hangzhou Tel: 86-571-8792-8115 Fax: 86-571-8792-8116 China - Hong Kong SAR Tel: 852-2943-5100 Fax: 852-2401-3431 China - Nanjing Tel: 86-25-8473-2460 Fax: 86-25-8473-2470 China - Qingdao Tel: 86-532-8502-7355 Fax: 86-532-8502-7205 China - Shanghai Tel: 86-21-5407-5533 Fax: 86-21-5407-5066 China - Shenyang Tel: 86-24-2334-2829 Fax: 86-24-2334-2393 China - Shenzhen Tel: 86-755-8864-2200 Fax: 86-755-8203-1760 China - Wuhan Tel: 86-27-5980-5300 Fax: 86-27-5980-5118 China - Xian Tel: 86-29-8833-7252 Fax: 86-29-8833-7256 ASIA/PACIFIC China - Xiamen Tel: 86-592-2388138 Fax: 86-592-2388130 China - Zhuhai Tel: 86-756-3210040 Fax: 86-756-3210049 India - Bangalore Tel: 91-80-3090-4444 Fax: 91-80-3090-4123 India - New Delhi Tel: 91-11-4160-8631 Fax: 91-11-4160-8632 India - Pune Tel: 91-20-3019-1500 Japan - Osaka Tel: 81-6-6152-7160 Fax: 81-6-6152-9310 Japan - Tokyo Tel: 81-3-6880- 3770 Fax: 81-3-6880-3771 Korea - Daegu Tel: 82-53-744-4301 Fax: 82-53-744-4302 Korea - Seoul Tel: 82-2-554-7200 Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or 82-2-558-5934 Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur Tel: 60-3-6201-9857 Fax: 60-3-6201-9859 Malaysia - Penang Tel: 60-4-227-8870 Fax: 60-4-227-4068 Philippines - Manila Tel: 63-2-634-9065 Fax: 63-2-634-9069 Singapore Tel: 65-6334-8870 Fax: 65-6334-8850 Taiwan - Hsin Chu Tel: 886-3-5778-366 Fax: 886-3-5770-955 Taiwan - Kaohsiung Tel: 886-7-213-7828 Taiwan - Taipei Tel: 886-2-2508-8600 Fax: 886-2-2508-0102 Thailand - Bangkok Tel: 66-2-694-1351 Fax: 66-2-694-1350 EUROPE Austria - Wels Tel: 43-7242-2244-39 Fax: 43-7242-2244-393 Denmark - Copenhagen Tel: 45-4450-2828 Fax: 45-4485-2829 France - Paris Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79 Germany - Dusseldorf Tel: 49-2129-3766400 Germany - Munich Tel: 49-89-627-144-0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44 Germany - Pforzheim Tel: 49-7231-424750 Italy - Milan Tel: 39-0331-742611 Fax: 39-0331-466781 Italy - Venice Tel: 39-049-7625286 Netherlands - Drunen Tel: 31-416-690399 Fax: 31-416-690340 Poland - Warsaw Tel: 48-22-3325737 Spain - Madrid Tel: 34-91-708-08-90 Fax: 34-91-708-08-91 Sweden - Stockholm Tel: 46-8-5090-4654 UK - Wokingham Tel: 44-118-921-5800 Fax: 44-118-921-5820 Worldwide Sales and Service 01/27/15

 2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 1 General Description The SEC1110 and SEC1210 provide a single-chip solution for a Smart Card bridge to USB and UART interfaces. These bridges are controlled by an enhanced 8051 micro controller and all chip peripherals are accessed and controlled through the SFR or XDATA register space. TrustSpanTM Technology enables digital systems to securely communicate, process, move and store information on system boards, across networks and through the cloud. Feature Highlights • Smart Card - The SEC1110 provides one Smart Card interface and the SEC1210 provides two - Fully compliant with ISO/IEC 7816, EMV 4.2/ 4.3, ETSI TS 102 221 and PC/SC standards - Versatile ETU rate generation, supporting current and proposed rates (up to 826 Kbps) - Full support of both T=0 and T=1 protocols - Full-packet FIFO (261 bytes), for transmit and receive - Half-duplex operation (no software intervention required between transmit and receive phases of exchange) - Loose real-time response required of software (approximately 180 ms) - Dynamically programmable FIFO threshold with byte granularity - Time-out FIFO flush interrupt, independent of threshold - Programmable Smart Card clock frequency - UART-like register file structure - Supports Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class AB Smart Cards (1.8 V, 3.0 V and 5.0 V cards) - Automatic character repetition for T=0 protocol parity error recovery - Automatic card deactivation on card removal and on other system events, including persistent parity errors - Internal procedure byte filtering for T=0 protocol - Protocol timers (Guard, Timeout, and CWT) for EMV-defined timing parameters –Detection of an unresponsive card –Activation/deactivation sequences –Cold/warm resets –Monitoring for all EMV timing constraints –16-bit general purpose down counter for software timing use - Fully compliant ESD protection on card pins • USB - 12 Mbps USB operation compliant to the USB 2.0 Specification - Integrated USB 1.5 K pull-up resistor and Dp,Dm series termination resistors - Integrated USB devices controller with: –8/16/32/64 byte control buffer –Five 8/16/32/64 byte programmable (bulk/ interrupt) endpoint buffers • 8051 Processor - Reduced instruction cycle time (approximately 9 times 80C51) - 9.6 MHz max clock speed - Enhanced peripherals; three 16-bit timers, watchdog timer, interrupt controller, JTAG - OTP (One Time Programmable) ROM : 16 KB RAM : 1.5 KB • Boot ROM : 16 KB UART (SEC1210 only) — Standard PC baud rates supported — 3 M baud high-speed rate (not PC standard) • SPI (SEC1210 only) - Master capability with 12 MHz max performance • General - 5.0 V tolerance on user accessible IO pins - Self-clocking internal oscillator, no external crystal required - 3.6 V - 5.5 V supply input –Internal 4.8 V comparator disables Class A card support if the input voltage is too low - Available in commercial (0ºC to +70ºC) and industrial (-40ºC to +85ºC) temperature ranges Applications • USB Smart Card reader • UART-based Smart Card reader • Dual Smart Card reader SEC1110/SEC1210 Smart Card Bridge to USB and UART Interfaces SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 2  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS It is our intention to provide our valued customers with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip products. To this end, we will continue to improve our publications to better suit your needs. Our publications will be refined and enhanced as new volumes and updates are introduced. If you have any questions or comments regarding this publication, please contact the Marketing Communications Department via E-mail at docerrors@microchip.com. We welcome your feedback. Most Current Data Sheet To obtain the most up-to-date version of this data sheet, please register at our Worldwide Web site at: http://www.microchip.com You can determine the version of a data sheet by examining its literature number found on the bottom outside corner of any page. The last character of the literature number is the version number, (e.g., DS30000000A is version A of document DS30000000). Errata An errata sheet, describing minor operational differences from the data sheet and recommended workarounds, may exist for current devices. As device/documentation issues become known to us, we will publish an errata sheet. The errata will specify the revision of silicon and revision of document to which it applies. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please check with one of the following: • Microchip’s Worldwide Web site; http://www.microchip.com • Your local Microchip sales office (see last page) When contacting a sales office, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include -literature number) you are using. Customer Notification System Register on our web site at www.microchip.com to receive the most current information on all of our products.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 3 SEC1110/SEC1210 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 Block Diagrams ............................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3.0 Pin Table ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 4.0 Pin Configurations ......................................................................................................................................................................... 11 5.0 Pin Descriptions ............................................................................................................................................................................ 13 6.0 Pin Reset States ........................................................................................................................................................................... 16 7.0 8051 Embedded Controller ........................................................................................................................................................... 19 8.0 EC External Interrupts ................................................................................................................................................................... 24 9.0 8051 Special Function Registers .................................................................................................................................................. 27 10.0 Smart Card Interface ................................................................................................................................................................... 46 11.0 USB Controller Description ......................................................................................................................................................... 92 12.0 GPIO and LED Interface ........................................................................................................................................................... 117 13.0 Two Pin Serial Port (UART) ...................................................................................................................................................... 132 14.0 Serial Peripheral Interconnect (SPI1) - Master ......................................................................................................................... 145 15.0 Clock and Reset ........................................................................................................................................................................ 150 16.0 OTP ROM Test Interface .......................................................................................................................................................... 176 17.0 TEST Modes, JTAG, and XNOR .............................................................................................................................................. 187 18.0 DC Parameters ......................................................................................................................................................................... 188 19.0 8051 Timers .............................................................................................................................................................................. 196 20.0 Timing Diagrams ....................................................................................................................................................................... 205 21.0 Package Outlines ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 207 Appendix A: Acronyms, Definitions and Conventions ....................................................................................................................... 209 Appendix B: References ................................................................................................................................................................... 212 Appendix C: Revision History ........................................................................................................................................................... 213 The Microchip Web Site .................................................................................................................................................................... 214 Customer Change Notification Service ............................................................................................................................................. 214 Customer Support ............................................................................................................................................................................. 214 Product Identification System ........................................................................................................................................................... 215 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 4  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 1.0 INTRODUCTION The SEC1110 and SEC1210 provide a single-chip solution for a Smart Card bridge to USB and UART interfaces. These bridges are controlled by an enhanced 8051 micro controller and all chip peripherals are accessed and controlled through the SFR or XDATA register space. 1.1 Features • Smart Card - Fully compliant with standards: ISO/IEC 7816, EMV 4.2/4.3, ETSI TS 102 221 and PC/SC - Versatile ETU rate generation, supporting current and proposed rates (to 826 Kbps and beyond) - Full support of both T=0 and T=1 protocols - Full-packet FIFO (261 bytes), for transmit and receive - Half-duplex operation, with no software intervention required between Transmit and Receive phases of an exchange - Very loose real-time response required of software: approximately 180 ms worst case - Dynamically programmable FIFO threshold, with byte granularity - Time-out FIFO flush interrupt, independent of threshold - Programmable Smart Card clock frequency - UART-like register file structure - Supports Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class AB Smart Cards (all 1.8 V, 3.0 V and 5.0 V cards) - Automatic character repetition for T=0 protocol parity error recovery - Automatic card deactivation on card removal and on other system events, including persistent parity errors - Internal procedure byte filtering for T=0 protocol - Protocol timers (guard, time-out and CWT) for EMV-defined timing parameters - Detection of an unresponsive card - Activation/deactivation sequences - Cold/warm resets - Monitoring for all EMV timing constraints - 16-bit general purpose down counter for software timing use - Fully compliant ESD protection on card pins per JESD22-A114D (March 2006) and JESD22-A115A “Machine Model” from AN1181 - Fully EMV compliant, internal signal current limits - 3.3 V internal operation with 5.0 V tolerant buffers where required - Self-contained management of Smart Card power: - SC1_VCC and SC2_VCC, supply output - Regulator for 1.8 V, 3.0 V, and 5.0 V from supply input - Current limiter with over-current sense interrupt (short circuit detect) - Hardware-ensured, compliant deactivation sequence on card removal - Synchronous card support • USB - 12 Mbps USB operation compliant with the USB 2.0 Specification - Integrated USB 1.5 K pull-up resistor - Integrated Series resistors on USB_DP, USB_DM - Integrated USB devices controller with: - 8/16/32/64 byte control endpoint 0 buffer - Five 8/16/32/64 byte programmable (bulk/interrupt) endpoint buffers • 8051 - Reduced instruction cycle time (approximately 9 times 80C51) - 9.6 MHz max clock speed - Enhanced peripherals: two 16-bit timers, watch dog timer, interrupt controller, JTAG - 16 KB One Time Programmable (OTP) ROM - 1.5 KB RAM - 4 KB (SEC1100/SEC1200)/ 16KB (SEC1110/SEC1210) ROM  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 5 SEC1110/SEC1210 • UART - Standard PC (9600, 19200, 38400 and 115200) baud rates supported - 3 M baud high-speed rate (non-PC standard) • SPI - Master capability with 12 MHz max performance • General - 5.0 V tolerance on user accessible IO pins - Self-clocking internal oscillator, no external crystal required - 3.6 V-5.5 V supply input - Internal 4.8 V comparator disables Class A card support if the input voltage is too low 1.2 Smart Card Subsystem The SEC1110 and SEC1210 are fully compliant with the prevailing Smart Card standards: ISO7816, EMV, and PC/SC. It meets and exceeds all existing requirements for communication bit rate (ETU duration) and includes support for proposed bit rates up to 826 Kbps. Signal levels and current limits are also fully compliant. The Smart Card power is regulated and switched internally, supporting all 5.0 V, 3.0 V, and 1.8 V Smart Cards (classes A, B, and C, respectively). Over-current protection is provided, and a detected over-current condition is available as an interrupt. The required standard activation and deactivation sequences are provided with software interaction. However, deactivation is handled in hardware as the card is being removed. This scenario ensures the required sequence regardless of software participation. If the system clock is inactive at the time, the card movement is detected asynchronously, and the Wake-On Event feature is used to re-start the system clock so that the de-activation sequence can continue. Interface signals to the Smart Card are designed to meet both standard drive levels and current limitations internally, requiring no external series resistors. ESD protection on these signals meets the full standard requirements. The device is a superset of the familiar 16450 UART architecture, with extensions in the form of a larger FIFO, specialized state machines for T=0 protocol parsing, automatic half-duplex turnaround at the completion of a transmitted message, and a specially-designed set of timers to enforce standards compliance in timing (as required of a terminal by the ISO7816 and EMV standards). With the full-packet-depth FIFO on-chip, software is almost totally excluded from real-time requirements. It loads an outgoing message into the FIFO, triggers the transfer, and reads the returned data at any time after it becomes available. The reset sequence (cold or warm) is equally hands-off: software sets up the sequence and activates the reset, and is alerted when the ATR message has been received (via the FIFO Threshold Interrupt). The threshold is dynamically programmable with byte granularity, so that threshold interrupts can be received at various stages in the processing of a message of initially unknown length (such as ATR). For detecting data time-outs, and for other mandatory timing tasks having to do with communication with a Smart Card, a set of three protocol timers is provided: • Time-out timer, for monitoring the standard WWT, BWT and WTX time-out intervals • CWT timer, for monitoring the T=1 CWT time-out interval • Guard timer, for ensuring the BGT and EGT transmission intervals, with special usage during a Reset sequence. A separate general purpose timer is provided for software driver use. Synchronous card support using GPIOs controlled via registers in the Smart Card device. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 6  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 1.3 USB Subsystem The USB Subsystem is made up of the following 3 functional blocks • FS USB PHY • USB Device Controller (UDC) • Interface Bridge with USB endpoint buffers 1.3.1 FS USB PHY AND DEVICE CONTROLLER The FS USB PHY contains the D+ pull-up resistor and handles the reception of USB data. The D+ and D- signals are passed through the differential receiver (which is external to the device controller core) to get a single-ended bit stream. The device controller has a digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) to extract the clock and data information. The clock and data are passed to the SIE (serial interface engine) block to identify the sync pattern and for NRZI-NRZ conversion. This NRZ data is then passed through a bit-stripper which strips off excessive inserted zeros. The data stream is passed through a PID decoder and checker to identify different PID’s. The SIE block handles the protocol according to the type of PID and the endpoint to which the current transaction is addressed. If it is a data PID, the serial data is assembled into byte format and the received data is CRC is checked, then put into a one-byte buffer. The protocol layer takes the data from the buffer and forwards it to the Interface Bridge. On control transfers to endpoint 0, the protocol layer forwards the transfers to the endpoint block. If the application violates the data transfer protocol during the transfer of data from the buffer to the application bus, the protocol layer controls the SIE to recover from this error. 1.3.2 INTERFACE BRIDGE AND ENDPOINT BUFFERS These act as the interface between the 8051 micro controller and the USB device controller. The USB endpoint buffers are memory mapped on the 8051 XDATA bus. A simple buffer scheme is employed, which assigns a single/ping-pong buffer to each USB endpoint for ease of software control. Each buffer must be cleared before the next data transfer can be started. When USB OUT data is received, it is placed into the appropriate OUT endpoint buffer and the 8051 is signaled with an interrupt (polling is also available) When an IN request is received, the 8051 is signaled with an interrupt and the 8051 will transfer data to the appropriate IN endpoint buffer and set a ready flag. The data will automatically be encoded for transfer over the USB bus. 1.4 Power Management Unit The programmable clock divider supports division of the 48 MHz main clock. Additionally it enables power down under program or hardware control. Exit from power down is accomplished through a single input pin. The power management methods employed will enable a USB Suspend current of 200 A typical (400 A typical including Rpu current). In STOP Mode, 1 A is the maximum current for a bare bones design. FIGURE 1-1: USB SUBSYSTEM BLOCK USB FS PHY USB 1.1 Device Controller Interface Bridge + Endpoint Buffers USB D+ USB DXDATA Interrupt  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 7 SEC1110/SEC1210 2.0 BLOCK DIAGRAMS FIGURE 2-1: SEC1110 BLOCK DIAGRAM 3.0 V - 5.5 V or VBUS Smart Card Regulators 5.0 V 3.0 V 1.8 V 16 KB OTP ROM 1.5 KB RAM USB PHY CLK_PWR USB Device Controller ISO7816 / Smart Card Interface Smart Card Power Control Power On Reset Power Fail Detect Reset 8051 CPU 256 x 8 RAM On Chip Debug JTAG Timer 0 Timer 1 Watchdog Timer External Interrupts CPU Clock Management CPU Power Management USB/GPIO/Core Regulators 3.3 V 1.2 V 4 XDATA 48 MHz Oscillator GPIO Smart Card 1 7 pins Miscellaneous D+ DVDD33 1 1 1 4 6 6 2 4/16 KB ROM Timer 2 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 8  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 2-2: SEC1210 BLOCK DIAGRAM 3.0 V - 5.5 V or VBUS Smart Card Regulators 5.0 V 3.0 V 1.8 V 16 KB OTP ROM 1.5 KB RAM USB PHY CLK_PWR USB Device Controller ISO7816 / Smart Card Interface Smart Card Power Control Power On Reset Power Fail Detect Reset 8051 CPU 256 x 8 RAM On Chip Debug JTAG Timer 0 Timer 1 Watchdog Timer External Interrupts CPU Clock Management CPU Power Management USB/GPIO/Core Regulators 3.3 V 1.2 V XDATA 48 MHz Oscillator SPI1 UART 16550 GPIO Smart Card1 7 pins 1 Miscellaneous D+ DSmart Card Regulators 5.0 V 3.0 V 1.8 V Smart Card Power Control SAM2 4 VDD33 1 1 1 4 4 6 1 3 2 8 6 6 + 3 Timer 2 4/16 KB OTP ROM  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 9 SEC1110/SEC1210 3.0 PIN TABLE 3.1 SEC1110 16-Pin QFN 3.2 SEC1210 24-Pin QFN TABLE 3-1: SEC1110 16-PIN PACKAGE SMART CARD (7 PINS) SC1_VCC Sc1_rst_N sc1_clk sc1_io SC1_C8 SC1_PRSNT_N/ JTAG_TMS SC1_C4 USB INTERFACE (2 PINS) USB_DP usb_DM MISC (5 PINS) RESET_N SC_LED_ACT_N/ JTAG_TDO TEST JTAG_CLK JTAG_TDI DIGITAL, POWER (2 PINS) VDD33 VDD5 TOTAL 16 (VSS - THERMAL SLUG) TABLE 3-2: SEC1210 24-PIN PACKAGE SMART CARD (7 PINS) SC1_VCC Sc1_rst_N sc1_clk sc1_io SC1_C8 SC1_PRSNT_N/ JTAG_TMS SC1_C4 SMART CARD 2/SECURITY AUTHENTICATION MODULE (5 PINS) SC2_VCC Sc2_rst_N sc2_clk sc2_io SC2_PRSNT_N/ JTAG_TDI USB INTERFACE (2 PINS) USB_DP usb_DM SPI1/UART (4 PINS) SPI1_MISO/RXD SPI1_MOSI/TXD SPI1_CLK/CTS_OUT SPI1_CE/RTS_IN MISC (4 PINS) SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 10  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. RESET_N SC_LED_ACT_N/ JTAG_TDO TEST JTAG_CLK DIGITAL, POWER (2 PINS) VDD33 VDD5 TOTAL 24 (VSS - THERMAL SLUG) Note: The NC pins are “No Connects”. There are no NC pads in the Known Good Die (KGD). TABLE 3-2: SEC1210 24-PIN PACKAGE  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 11 SEC1110/SEC1210 4.0 PIN CONFIGURATIONS FIGURE 4-1: SEC1110 16-PIN QFN PACKAGE Thermal Slug (must be connected to VSS) SEC1110 (Top View QFN-16) SC1_VCC 1 SC1_RST_N 2 SC1_CLK 3 SC1_C4 4 VDD33 13 TEST 16 USB_DM 15 USB_DP 14 12 RESET_N 11 JTAG_CLK 10 SC_LED_ACT_N/JTAG_TDO 9 SC1_C8 8 7 SC1_IO 6 SC1_PRSNT_N/JTAG_TMS 5 VDD5 JTAG_TDI Indicates pins on the bottom of the device SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 12  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 4-2: SEC1210 24-PIN QFN PACKAGE Thermal Slug (must be connected to VSS) SEC1210 (Top View QFN-24) SC1_VCC 1 SC1_RST_N 2 SC1_CLK 3 SC2_RST_N 4 SC1_PRSNT_N/JTAG_TMS 5 SC2_IO 6 12 11 SC1_IO 10 SC2_VCC 9 SC2_PRSNT_N/JTAG_TDI 8 SC1_C8 SC2_CLK 7 SPI1_MISO/RXD 19 SPI1_MOSI/TXD 20 VDD33 21 TEST 24 USB_DP 23 USB_DM 22 17 SPI1_CE/ RTS 16 RESET_N 15 JTAG_CLK 14 SC1_C4 13 SC_LED_ACT_N/JTAG_TDO 18 SPI1_CLK/CTS VDD5 Indicates pins on the bottom of the device  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 13 SEC1110/SEC1210 5.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS This section provides a detailed description of each signal. The signals are arranged in functional groups according to their associated interface. An N at the end of a signal name indicates that the active (asserted) state occurs when the signal is at a low voltage level. When the N is not present, the signal is asserted when it is at a high voltage level. The terms assertion and negation are used exclusively in order to avoid confusion when working with a mixture of active low and active high signals. The term assert, or assertion, indicates that a signal is active, independent of whether that level is represented by a high or low voltage. The term negate, or negation, indicates that a signal is inactive. 5.1 SEC1110 and SEC1210 Pin Descriptions TABLE 5-1: SEC1110 AND SEC1210 PIN DESCRIPTIONS Name Symbol Buffer Type Description SMART CARD INTERFACE SC Reset Output SC1_RST_N/ GPIO2 Note 5-1 SC1_RST_N, SC2_RST_N: A low pulse resets the card and triggers an “answer to reset” (ATR) response message. This pin should be held low when the interface is not active. SC2_RST_N/ GPIO18 GPIO2, GPIO18: These pins may alternatively be configured as a general purpose I/O pins. SC Clock Output SC1_CLK/ GPIO1 Note 5-1 SC1_CLK, SC2_CLK: The clock reference for communication with the flash media card. This pin should be held low when the interface is not active. SC2_CLK/ GPIO17 GPIO1, GPIO17: These pins may alternatively be configured as general purpose I/O pins. SC Data I/O SC1_IO/ GPIO0 Note 5-1 SC1_IO, SC2_IO: The bidirectional serial data pin, which should be held low when the interface is not active. SC2_IO/ GPIO16 GPIO0, GPIO16: These pins may alternatively be configured as general purpose I/O pins. SC Voltage for Card SC1_VCC/ SC2_VCC The voltage supply pin, where the output of the pin can be set to 1.8, 3.0, or 5.0 volts, depending on the type of Smart Card detected. These pins require an external1 F capacitor. The same voltage must be applied to power SCx_RST#, SCx_CLK, SCx_IO, SCx_C4, and SCx_C8 pins as digital inputs. SC Standard or Proprietary Use Contact SC1_C8 (SC1_SPU)/ Note 5-1 SC1_C8, SC1_SPU: These pins can be used for either standard or proprietary use as an input and/or output. GPIO4 This pin can alternatively be used as general purpose I/O pin. SC Present SC1_PRSNT_N/ JTAG_TMS/ TIMER0_IN/ GPIO6 SC2_PRSNT_N/ JTAG_TDI/ GPIO19 I/O8PUD SC1_PRSNT_N, SC2_PRSNT_N: Active-low signals used to detect the Smart Card device. These pins have an internal pull-up which can be activated by software to detect the Smart Card device. JTAG_TMS, JTAG_TDI: These pins can alternatively be configured in debug mode by software. GPIO6, GPIO19: These pins can alternatively be used as general purpose I/O pins, or as the Timer 0 input pin. SC1_FCB SC1_C4 (SC1_FCB)/ Note 5-1 SC1_C4: This pin is to attach to C4 of the Smart Card for cards that support Function Code. GPIO3 GPIO3: This pin may alternatively be configured as a general purpose I/O pin. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 14  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. SC Active Indicator SC_LED_ACT_N/ I/O8PUD The driver for the active LED. JTAG_TDO/ This pin can alternatively be configured in debug mode by software. TIMER2_T2EX/ GPIO5 This pin may alternatively be used as general purpose I/O pin, or as the Timer 2 “t2ex” input pin. USB INTERFACE USB Bus Data USB_DM, USB_DP I/O-U These pins connect to the upstream USB bus data signals. SPI1/UART INTERFACE (QFN24) SPI1 Chip Enable SPI1_CE_N/ I/O8PUD The active-low chip-enable output (Master mode). If the SPI1 interface is disabled, this pin must be driven high in idle state by software. RTS/ This pin can alternatively function as the UART RTS signal, when UART is used instead of SPI1. GPIO11 This pin may also be used as a general purpose I/O pin. SPI1 Clock SPI1_CLK/ I/O8PUD The SPI1 clock output (Master mode). CTS/ This pin can alternatively function as the UART CTS signal, when UART is used instead of SPI1. GPIO10 This pin can alternatively be used as a general purpose I/O pin. SPI1 Data In SPI_MISO/ I/O8PUD The Master data in to the controller. This pin must have a weak internal pull-down applied at all times to prevent floating. RXD/ This pin alternatively function as the UART RXD input signal, when UART is used instead of SPI1. GPIO8 This pin can alternatively be configured as a general purpose I/O pin. SPI1 Data Out SPI_MOSI/ I/O8PUD This is the Master data output from the controller. This pin must have a weak internal pull-down applied when used as input to prevent floating. TXD/ This pin can alternatively function as the UART TXD output signal, when UART is used instead of SPI1. GPIO9 GPIO9: This pin can alternatively be used as a general purpose I/O pin. MISC TEST TEST I/O8PUD This signal is used for testing the chip. If the test function is not used, this pin must be tied low externally. RESET input RESET_N IS This active low signal is used by the system to reset the chip and enter STOP mode. The active low pulse should be at least 1 s wide. This pin is an analog input signal with Vil=100 mV. JTAG Clock JTAG_CLK I/O8PUD This input pad is used for JTAG debugging and has a weak pull down. It can be left floating or grounded when not used. If the JTAG is connected, this signal will be detected high, and the software disables the pull-up after reset. GPIO 28 GPIO28 I/O8PUD General Purpose I/O pin. GPIO 29 GPIO29 I/O8PUD General Purpose I/O pin. GPIO 30 GPIO30 I/O8PUD General Purpose I/O pin. TABLE 5-1: SEC1110 AND SEC1210 PIN DESCRIPTIONS (CONTINUED) Name Symbol Buffer Type Description  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 15 SEC1110/SEC1210 Note 5-1 This pin has a unique function, detailed in Section 18.0, "DC Parameters," on page 188. 5.2 Buffer Type Descriptions DIGITAL / POWER / GROUND VBUS 5V Power VDD5 5.0 V (or VBUS) power input. 3.3V Analog Power Output VDD33 3.3 V analog power output for decoupling capacitor. This pad requires an external 1 F capacitor. Ground VSS Ground reference Note: All pins OTP_VPP_MON, OTP_VREF, OTP_VREFA, OTP_VREF_SA are NC’s. TABLE 5-2: SEC1110 AND SEC1210 BUFFER TYPE DESCRIPTIONS Buffer Type Description I Input IPU Input with weak internal pull-up resistor IS Input with Schmitt trigger I/O12 Input/output buffer with 12 mA sink and 12 mA source I/O8PD Input/output buffer with 8 mA sink and 8 mA source, with an internal weak pull-down resistor I/O8PU Input/output buffer with 8 mA sink and 8 mA source with an internal weak pull-up resistor I/O8PUPD Input/output buffer with 8 mA sink and 8 mA source, with a selectable pullup and pull-down resistors I/OD8PU Input/open drain output buffer with a 8 mA sink I/O12PD Input/output buffer with 12 mA sink and 12 mA source, with an internal weak pull-down resistor I/O12PU Input/output buffer with 12 mA sink and 12 mA source with an internal weak pull-up resistor I/O12PUPD Input/output buffer with 12 mA sink and 12 mA source, with a selectable pull-up and pull-down resistors I/OD12PU Input/open drain output buffer with a 12 mA sink O12 Output buffer with a 12 mA sink and a 12 mA source O12PD Output buffer with 12 mA sink and 12 mA source, with a pull-down resistor O12PU Output buffer with 12 mA sink and 12 mA source, with a pull-up resistor ICLKx XTAL clock input OCLKx XTAL clock output I/O-U Analog input/output defined in USB specification I-R RBIAS TABLE 5-1: SEC1110 AND SEC1210 PIN DESCRIPTIONS (CONTINUED) Name Symbol Buffer Type Description SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 16  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 6.0 PIN RESET STATES TABLE 6-1: PIN RESET STATES TABLE 6-2: LEGEND FOR PIN RESET STATES TABLE Symbol Description Y Hardware enables function 0 Output low 1 Output high -- Hardware disables function Z Hardware disables output driver (high impedance) PU Hardware enables pull-up PD Hardware enables pull-down HW Hardware controls function, but state is protocol dependent (FW) Firmware controls function through registers VDD Hardware supplies power through pin, applicable only to CARD_PWR pins none Hardware disables pad TABLE 6-3: SEC1110 QFN 16-PIN RESET STATES Reset State Pin Pin Name Function Output PU/PD Input 1 VDD5 5.0 V supply ANALOG 2 SC1_C8 Smart Card1 C8 pin Z 3 SC1_C4 Smart Card1 C4 pin Z 4 SC1_IO Smart Card1 IO pin Z Voltage Signal (V) Time (t) RESET RESET Hardware Initialization Firmware Operational VDD5 VSS  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 17 SEC1110/SEC1210 5 SC1_CLK Smart Card1 CLK pin Z 6 SC1_RST_N Smart Card1 RST_N pin Z 7 SC1_VCC Smart Card1 Power supply output 5.0V/3.3V/1.8V Note 6-1 Note 6-2 ANALOG 8 SC1_PRSNT_N/JTAG_TMS GPIO input for Smart Card1 presence detect. Z 9 TEST Test mode pin Z PD Note 6-8 Yes Note 6-6 10 USB_DM USB D- Z 11 USB_DP USB D+ Z 12 VDD33 3.3 V power supply output Note 6-3 ANALOG 13 JTAG_CLK JTAG clock pin Z PD Note 6-4 Yes Note 6-6 14 SC_LED_ACT_N/JTAG_TDO GPIO output for Smart Card1 LED Z 15 JTAG_TDI JTAG data in pin Z PD Note 6-8 Yes Note 6-6 16 RESET_N Reset input Z ANALOG Note 6-5 - VSS Package ground ANALOG TABLE 6-4: SEC1210 QFN 24-PIN RESET STATES Reset State Pin Pin Name Function Output PU/PD Input 1 SC2_RST_N Smart Card2 RST_N pin Z 2 SC2_VCC Smart Card2 power supply output 5.0V/3.3V/1.8V Note 6-1 Note 6-2 ANALOG 3 VDD5 5.0 V supply ANALOG 4 SC1_C8 Smart Card1 C8 pin Z 5 SC1_C4 Smart Card1 C4 pin Z 6 SC1_IO Smart Card1 IO pin Z 7 SC1_CLK Smart Card1 CLK pin Z 8 SC1_RST_N Smart Card1 RST_N pin Z 9 SC1_VCC Smart Card1 Power supply output 5.0V/3.3V/1.8V Note 6-1 Note 6-2 ANALOG 10 SC1_PRSNT_N/JTAG_TMS GPIO input for Smart Card1 presence detect. Z 11 SPI1_MISO/RXD GPIO pin for SPI1 data Z TABLE 6-3: SEC1110 QFN 16-PIN RESET STATES Reset State Pin Pin Name Function Output PU/PD Input SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 18  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Note 6-1 The Smart Card1 and Smart Card2 power supply output is powered down at reset state. Note 6-2 The Smart Card1 and Smart Card2 power supply output requires an external 1.0 F capacitor. Note 6-3 Internal voltage regulator output for USB, GPIO 3.3 V IO Supply. This pin requires an external 1.0 F capacitor. Note 6-4 A weak pull down is present on the TEST, JTAG_CLK, and JTAG_TDI pads. If JTAG is connected, and this pad is pulled high, then the reset state of the pins 8 (JTAG_TMS), 13(JTAG_CLK), 14(JTAG_TDO), and 15(JTAG_TDI) functions in JTAG Mode. The weak pull-down can be disabled after reset release by software. Note 6-5 RESET_N is an analog input, which when low, powers down all internal voltage regulators and the pads are in high impedance state. The pads function as input, including pull-ups pull-downs functionality after internal 3.3V power (VDD33) is good. Note 6-6 The TEST, JTAG_CLK, and JTAG_TDI/GPIO[19] values at internal power on reset release (after RESET_N release) is captured in the chip to enter various functional or test modes. Note 6-7 Smart Card2 power supply output is powered down at reset state. Note 6-8 A weak pull-down is present on TEST, JTAG_CLK, and JTAG_TDI pads if JTAG is connected, and this pad is pulled high. The reset state of the pins 10(JTAG_TMS), 19(JTAG_CLK), 20(JTAG_TDO), and 21(JTAG_TDI) function in JTAG Mode. The weak pull-down can be disabled after reset release by software. Note 6-9 The LCD regulator LDO4 and Smart Card2 output is powered down at reset state. 12 SPI1_CLK/CTS GPIO pin for SPI1 clock Z 13 SPI1_CE/RTS GPIO pin for SPI1 chip enable Z 14 SPI1_MOSI/TXD GPIO pin for SPI1 data Z 15 TEST Test mode pin Z PD Note 6-8 Yes Note 6-6 16 USB_DM USB D- Z 17 USB_DP USB D+ Z 18 VDD33 Note 6-3 ANALOG 19 JTAG_CLK JTAG clock pin Z PD Note 6-8 Yes Note 6-6 20 SC_LED_ACT_N/JTAG_TDO GPIO output for Smart Card1 LED Z 21 SC2+PRSNT_N/JTAG_TDI GPIO input for Smart Card1 presence detect. Z PD Note 6-8 Yes Note 6-6 22 RESET_N Reset input Z ANALOG Note 6-5 23 SC2_IO Smart Card2 IO pin Z 24 SC2_CLK Smart Card2 CLK pin Z - VSS Package ground ANALOG TABLE 6-4: SEC1210 QFN 24-PIN RESET STATES Reset State Pin Pin Name Function Output PU/PD Input  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 19 SEC1110/SEC1210 7.0 8051 EMBEDDED CONTROLLER The embedded controller used in the SEC1110 and SEC1210 is an R8051XC2 from Evatronix. The R8051XC2 is a high performance 8-bit embedded processor. The processor core is a low gate count core, with low-latency interrupt processing that features: • Single clock per machine cycle: an average of 2.12 machine cycles per instruction • Industry standard MCS51 instruction set • Dual Data Pointers (2 x DPTR) The R8051XC2’s interrupt controller is closely integrated with the processor core to achieve low latency interrupt processing, incorporating the following features: • 13 external interrupts • 4 priority levels for each interrupt The embedded controller provides low-cost debug solutions, including: • JTAG port for debugging using EASE OCDS debugging • Software and 4 hardware breakpoints The R8051XC2 bus interfaces include: • 256 bytes internal data memory RAM • Program Memory Write Mode • Supports 128 KB program memory space with banking • Supports 128 KB of external data memory space with banking SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 20  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. . 7.1 Sleep/Power Management The R8051XC2 has a power management control unit that generates clock enable signals for the main CPU and for peripherals; serves Power Down Modes IDLE and STOP; and generates an internal synchronous reset signal (upon external reset, watchdog timer overflow, or software reset condition). The IDLE Mode leaves the clock of the internal peripherals running. Any interrupt will wake the CPU. The STOP Mode turns off all internal clocks. The CPU will exit this state when an external interrupt (0 or 1)or reset occurs and internally generated interrupts are disabled since they require clock activity. The Wake-up From Power-Down Mode control unit services two external interrupts during power-down modes. They can combinationally force the clock enable outputs back to active state so the clock generation can be resumed. FIGURE 7-1: R8051XC2 Block Diagram R8051XC2 CPU 256 Bytes IRAM SFR Registers OCDS EASE on-chip Debugging block and JTAG Interface Timer 0 Timer 1 Watchdog Timer External Interrupts Power Management, Reset & Wake-Up Control Units SFR Mux CLK_PWR SmartCard1, 2* ISR 8051-compatible External Memory Reset ref_clk SPI1 UART JTAG SC1, SC2 Engine Clock Peripheral Clock Peripheral Clock Enable SMSC Trace FIFO, SPI XIP SPI2 XDATA SRAM Oscillators Clkper Peripherals GPIO GPIO USB ROM Timer 2Engine Clock Enable SPI Master 16550 UART UDC OTP ROM * SEC1210 only  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 21 SEC1110/SEC1210 7.1.1 EC DATA MEMORY The EC has 1.5 KB data memory that is accessed through the XDATA Bus which is implemented with static RAM and organized as 1.5 K x 8 bits. The base address of the memory is 8000h in the EC address space and extends to location 85FFh. 7.1.2 EC OTP INSTRUCTION MEMORY The primary instruction memory for the EC is a 16 Kx 8 bit OTP ROM memory, located at locations 0000h through 3FFFh in the EC address space. There is also a 4 K x 8 bit ROM that is used to overlay the OTP memory when it has not been programmed. A bit in the OTP disables the ROM overlay. The OTP memory is also mapped into the XDATA space when the overlay is active so that the CPU can program the OTP from the USB bus. 7.2 EC Registers The truth table indicates which memory is mapped into the 8051 CODE space depending on the three signals ROM_EN, defined in the OTP_CFG Register. OTP_ROM_EN, and the EXT_SPI_EN (BOND2 bond option). 7.3 EC Memory Map TABLE 7-1: CODE EXECUTION TRUTH TABLE OTP_CFG.FORCE_OTP_ROM OTP_CFG.OTP_ROM_EN EXT_SPI_EN/ BOND[2] CODE EXECUTION 0 X 1 External SPI2 0 0 0 ROM 0 1 0 OTP 1 X X OTP TABLE 7-2: CODE SPACE Name Address Range INTERNAL ROM (4 K) (SEC1110 and SEC1210) INTERNAL ROM (16 K) (later versions) 0000h-0FFFh C000h-CFFFh (alias address range) (deprecated) 18000h-18FFFh (alias address range) 1A000h-1DFFFh (alias address range) (later versions) OTP ROM (16 K) 0000h-3FFFh EXTERNAL SPI 0000-FFFFh SRAM (1.5 K) 19000h-195FFh (alias address range) SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 22  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Note 7-1 OTP ROM is only visible in the XDATA space if the Internal ROM is enabled (see Table 7-1). There is 128 KB of program space available. The lower 32 KB always is mapped to 0000-7FFFh. The higher ranges 32 KB to 128 KB are accessed through a window at 8000h-FFFFh using the pagesel registers.The ROM and SRAM are also mapped to address at 96 KB. This enables access to ROM code while executing from OTP_ROM. This also enables downloading code to SRAM and executing for test modes. TABLE 7-3: XDATA SPACE RANGES Name Address Range OTP ROM (Note 7-1) 0000h-7FFFh SRAM (1.5 K) 8000h-85FFh Smart Card1,2 9000h-93FFh UART 9500h-95FFh USB DEVICE CONTROLLER 9600h-96FFh SPI2 CODE MASTER 9A00h-9A18h GPIO 9C00h-9DFFh CLK_PWR A000h-A3FFh OTP_TEST A400h-A7FFh SPI2 CODE MASTER (TRACE FIFO) BFFEh-BFFFh INTERNAL ROM (4 K) (SEC1110 and SEC1210) INTERNAL ROM (16 K) (later versions) C000h-CFFFh (alias address range) (deprecated) 18000h-18FFFh (alias address range) 1A000h-1DFFFh (alias address range) (later versions) TABLE 7-4: CPU BOOT ADDRESS MAPPING CPU CODE MAPPED ADDRESS[15: 0] CPU UNMAPPED ADDRESS[16:0] COMMENT INTERNAL ROM BOOTING INTERNAL OTP_ROM BOOTING EXTERNAL SPI BOOTING FORCE_OTP_ROM =0 OTP_ROM_EN=0 (FORCE_OTP_RO M=1) | ( EXT_SPI_EN=0 & OTP_ROM_EN=1) FORCE_OTP_ROM= 0 & EXT_SPI_EN=1 00000h-7FFFh ROM= 00000h-00FFFh OTP_ROM_16K= 00000h-03FFFh EXT_SPI= 00000h-07FFFh If size of internal ROM/ OTP_ROM/ External SPI is less than 32KB, then rest of the region is reserved. pagesel[2:0]=000 must not be used. 8000h-FFFFh Reserved= (OTP_ROM_16K) 08000h-0FFFFh EXT_SPI= 08000h-07FFFh pagesel[1:0]=01 Upper 32K of ROM/OTP_ROM/EXT_ SPI code execution 8000h-FFFFh pagesel[1:0]=10 32KB OTP_ROM code execution  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 23 SEC1110/SEC1210 8000h-FFFFh Reserved= 18000h-1FFFFh ROM= 18000h-18FFFh ROM= 18000h-18FFFh pagesel[1:0]=11 SRAM code execution SRAM_1.5K= 19000h-195FFh SRAM_1.5K= 19000h-195FFh SRAM_1.5K= 19000h-195FFh Reserved= (SRAM_1.5K) 19600h-19FFFh Reserved= (SRAM_1.5K) 19600h-19FFFh Reserved= (SRAM_1.5K) 19600h-19FFFh In SEC1110/SEC1210 ROM= 1A000h-1DFFFh else Reserved= 1A000h-1FFFFh In SEC1110/SEC1210 ROM= 1A000h-1DFFFh else Reserved= 1A000h-1FFFFh In SEC1110/SEC1210 ROM= 1A000h-1DFFFh else Reserved= 1A000h-1FFFFh TABLE 7-4: CPU BOOT ADDRESS MAPPING CPU CODE MAPPED ADDRESS[15: 0] CPU UNMAPPED ADDRESS[16:0] COMMENT SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 24  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 8.0 EC EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS 8.1 General Description The R8051XC2 is 80515-compatible and will be configured to support thirteen external interrupt sources and four priority levels. In addition, there are individual internal interrupt sources for the R8051XC2 configured peripherals such as the timers and SPI1 interfaces. Each source has its own request flag(s). Each interrupt requested by the corresponding flag can be individually enabled or disabled by dedicated enable bits in the SFRs. 8.2 Interrupt Summary TABLE 8-1: INTERRUPT VECTOR MAPPING INTERRUPT INTPUT/ VECTOR SOURCE DESCRIPTION int_vect_03 ie0 External Interrupt 0 - all interrupts ORed except GPIOs In SEC1110/SEC1210 version, the SPI1, Power Status interrupts will not cause an ie0 interrupt. int_vect_0B t0_f0 Timer 0 overflow int_vect_13 ie1 External Interrupt 1 - GPIO Port 0,1,2 interrupts int_vect_1B tf1_gate Timer 1 overflow int_vect_23 uart_int Serial Port 0 Interrupt int_vect_2B unused Reserved int_vect_43 iex7_gate External Interrupt 7 - Reserved int_vect_4B iex2_gate External Interrupt 2 - SPI1 Interrupt int_vect_53 EP3INT External Interrupt 3 - Endpoint 3 Interrupt. Also is active for Timer2 crc/cc0 comparator output. int_vect_5B EP4INT External Interrupt 4 - Endpoint 4 Interrupt. Also is active for Timer2 cc1 comparator output. int_vect_63 USB_INT_REG External Interrupt 5 - USB Interrupt. Also is active for Timer2 cc2 comparator output. In SEC1110/SEC1210, the Timer2 cc2 comparator output will not cause an interrupt. int_vect_6B POWER_STS External Interrupt 6 - Power status event. Also is active for Timer2 cc3 comparator output. In SEC1110/SEC1210, the Timer2 cc3 comparator output will not cause an interrupt. int_vect_83 unused External Interrupt -Reserved int_vect_8B EP1INT External Interrupt 8 - Endpoint 1 Interrupt int_vect_93 EP2INT External Interrupt 9 - Endpoint 2 Interrupt int_vect_9B EP5INT External Interrupt 10 - Endpoint 5 Interrupt int_vect_A3 EP0INT External Interrupt 11 - Endpoint 0 Interrupt int_vect_AB iex12 External Interrupt 12 - Smart Card1 and Smart Card2 Interrupt Note: In SEC1110/SEC1210 version, External Interrupts 4, 5, and 6 are not active when TImer2 comparator outputs for cc1, cc2, and cc3 respectively are active. This Anomaly 24 is fixed in later versions.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 25 SEC1110/SEC1210 8.3 EC ISR The Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) unit, is a subcomponent responsible for interrupt handling. It receives up to 19 interrupt requests. Each of the interrupt sources can be individually enabled or disabled by the corresponding enable flag in the ien0, ien1, ien2, and ien4 SFR registers. Additionally all interrupts can be globally enabled or disabled by the ea flag in the ien0 Special Function Register. All interrupt sources are divided into 6 interrupts groups. The definition of each group is shown in Table 8-2. Inside a group, hardware dictates the interrupt priority structure. Interrupt sources from the first column have the highest priority, sources from second column have middle priority, and sources from last column have the lowest priority. The interrupt priority inside the group cannot be changed, where there is also an interrupt priority structure between the groups. Group0 has the highest priority and Group5 has the lowest. The priority between groups can be programmed by changing priority level (priority level can be set from 0 to 3) that is assigned to each group. The priority level of an interrupt group is defined by flags of the ip0 and ip1 SFRs. When the priority levels for two groups are programmed to the same level, the priority among them is in the order, from high to low (Group0 down to Group5). To determine which interrupt has the highest priority (which must be serviced in the first order) the following steps are completed: 1. From all groups, those with the highest priority level are chosen. 2. From those with the highest priority level, the one with the highest natural priority between the groups in chosen. 3. From the group with highest priority, the interrupt with the highest priority inside the group is chosen. The currently running interrupt service subroutine can be interrupted only by interrupts with a higher priority level. No interrupt with the same or lower priority level can interrupt the currently running interrupt service subroutine. Therefore there can be a maximum of four interrupts in service at the same time. TABLE 8-2: INTERRUPT PRIORITY GROUPS GROUP Highest Priority in Group Lowest Priority in Group INTERRUPT VECTOR INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT NAME(BIT) INTERRUPT VECTOR INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT INTERRUPT VECTOR INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT INTERRUPT VECTOR INTERRU PT ENABLE BIT Group0 int_vect_03 (External Interrupt 0 - all interrupts ORed except GPIOs) ien0(0) int_vect_83 (unused) ien2(0) int_vect_43 (External Interrupt 7 - reserved) ien1(0) Group1 int_vect_0B (Timer 0 Interrupt) ien0(1) int_vect_8B (External Interrupt 8 - Endpoint 1) ien2(1) int_vect_4B (External Interrupt 2 - SPI1 Interrupt) ien1(1) Group2 int_vect_13 (External Interrupt 1 - GPIO 0,1,2) ien0(2) int_vect_93 (External Interrupt 9 - Endpoint 2) ien2(2) int_vect_53 (External Interrupt 3- Endpoint 3) ien1(2) Group3 int_vect_1B (Timer 1 Interrupt) ien0(3) int_vect_9B (External Interrupt 10 - Endpoint 5) ien2(3) int_vect_5B (External Interrupt 4- Endpoint 4) ien1(3) Group4 int_vect_23 (16550 UART Interrupt) ien0(4) int_vect_A3 (External Interrupt 11 - Endpoint 0) ien2(4) int_vect_63 (External Interrupt 5- USB Interrupt) ien1(4) Group5 int_vect_2B (Timer 2 Interrupt) ien0(5) int_vect_AB (External Interrupt 12 - Smart Card 1/2) ien2(5) int_vect_EB (reserved) ien4(5) int_vect_6B (External Interrupt 6 - Power Status Event) ien1(5) SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 26  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The ISR block inserts two CPU clock cycle delays between an interrupt request sent to the ISR and an interrupt request sent by ISR to the CPU. When the ISR sends an interrupt request to the CPU, it responds by executing an interrupt acknowledge cycle. The interrupt vector table is located at 0000h, which is in the Internal ROM or OTP. 8.4 Wake-up Interrupt Source Register The R8051XC2 controller contains a WAKEUP feature that allows either the EXT0 or EXT1 Interrupt to wake-up the processor from the STOP or IDLE Mode. Since the clocks to the processor will be stopped, the interrupt sources for EXT0 and EXT1 must be combinatorial. An additional register will provide masking for the available wake-up sources. If the interrupt is active and the corresponding bit in the Wakeup Enable Register is set, then the EXT0 Interrupt will be active. If in IDLE or STOP Mode, this will wakeup the 8051. The External Interrupt 1 (EXT1_INT) is connected to GPIO (0,1,2) interrupts. For a GPIO interrupt to occur, the CPU clock must be active. The rest of the interrupt sources are ORed and connected to External Interrupt 0 (EXT0_INT), including WOE_GPIO_INT. Additionally, the wake on event GPIO interrupt can occur when the clocks are in Sleep Mode. Hence, the software can exit CPU_STOP Mode by any of the external interrupts. In the SEC1110/SEC1210 version, the GPIO block runs off cpu_clk, and if the 8051 is in CPU_IDLE state, the GPIO debounce feature does not function, as cpu_clk is gated. In subsequent revisions, if the OSC48_SETTLE_CLKS.A1_COMPATIBILITY bit is set, the GPIO block runs off cpu_per_clk. Hence if the 8051 is in CPU_IDLE state, the GPIO debounce feature functions normally. FIGURE 8-1: WAKE-UP INTERRUPT USB_INT EP0INT USB_WU_INT POWER_STS_INT SPI1_INT UART_INT GPIO_INT (ie1) GPIO 0, 1, 2 WOE_GPIO_INT WOE (CLK_PWR) EXT1_INT EXT0_INT UART SmartCard1/2 SC_INT SPI1_INT CLK_PWR EP1INT EP2INT EP3INT EP4INT EP5INT 8051 WAKEUPCTRL Endpoint DMA USB Interface  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 27 SEC1110/SEC1210 9.0 8051 SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS 9.1 Special Function Registers Locations The map of special function registers is shown below in Table 9-1. Some addresses are occupied, while others are not implemented. Read and write access to addresses that are not implemented will have no effect. 9.1.1 ACCUMULATOR REGISTER – ACC The Accumulator Register is used by most of the R8051XC2 instructions to hold the operand and to store the result of an operation. The mnemonics for accumulator-specific instructions refer to accumulator as A, not ACC. TABLE 9-1: SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER LOCATIONS HEX 0X0 0X1 0X2 0X3 0X4 0X5 0X6 0X7 HEX F8 FF F0 B SRST F7 E8 EF E0 ACC SPSTA SPCON SPDAT SPSSN E7 D8 DF D0 PSW D7 C8 T2CON CRCL CRCH TL2 TH2 CF C0 CCEN CCL1 CCH1 CCL2 CCH2 CCL3 CCH3 C7 B8 IEN1 IP1 BF B0 B7 A8 IEN0 IP0 AF A0 A7 98 IEN2 9F 90 DPS DPC PAGESE L D_PAGE SEL 97 88 TCON TMOD TL0 TL1 TH0 TH1 8F 80 SP DPL DPH DPL1 DPH1 WDTREL PCON 87 Note: The boxes shaded regions are undefined registers. TABLE 9-2: ACC ACC (SFR 0XE0 - RESET=0X00) ACCUMULATOR BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 A R/W Accumulator SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 28  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.2 B REGISTER – B 9.1.3 PROGRAM STATUS WORD REGISTER – PSW The PSW Register contains status bits that reflect the current state of the CPU. The state of the rs1 and rs0 bits selects the working register bank as outlined in Table 9-5. TABLE 9-3: B REGISTER B (SFR 0XF0 - RESET=0X00) B BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 B R/W Used during multiplying and division instructions. It can also be used as a scratch-pad register to hold temporary data. Note: The parity bit can only be modified by hardware by the state of ACC Register. TABLE 9-4: PROGRAM STATUS WORD REGISTER PSW (SFR 0XD0 - RESET=0X00) STACK POINTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 cy R/W Carry flag: The carry bit in arithmetic operations and the accumulator for Boolean operations. 6 ac R/W Auxiliary Carry Flag: Set if there is a carry-out from 3rd bit of the accumulator in BCD operations. 5 f0 R/W General Purpose Flag 0: Available for general use. 4 rs1 R/W Register Bank Select Control Bit 1: Used to select the working register bank. 3 rs0 R/W Register Bank Select Control Bit 0: Used to select the working register bank. 2 ov R/W Overflow Flag: Set in case of overflow in accumulator during arithmetic operations. 1 f1 R/W General Purpose Flag 1: Available for general use. 0 p R Parity Flag: Reflects the number of 1s in the accumulator. 1 : If the accumulator contains an odd number of 1s 0 : If the accumulator contains an even number of 1s TABLE 9-5: REGISTER BANK LOCATIONS rs1 rs0 SELECTED REGISTER BANK LOCATION 0 0 Bank 0 (00H – 07H) 0 1 Bank 1 (08H – 0FH) 1 0 Bank 2 (10H – 17H) 1 1 Bank 3 (18H – 1FH)  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 29 SEC1110/SEC1210 9.1.4 STACK POINTER REGISTER – SP The Stack Pointer Register is used to store the return address of a program before executing an interrupt routine or subprograms. The SP is incremented before executing a PUSH or CALL instruction, and it is decremented after executing a POP or RET(I) instruction (it always points the top of stack). 9.1.5 DATA POINTER AND DATA POINTER 1 REGISTERS – DPH, DPL AND DPH1, DPL1 One of two data pointer registers can be accessed through DPL and DPH. The actual Data Pointer is selected by the DPSEL Register. These registers are intended to hold a 16-bit address in the Indirect Addressing Mode used by MOVX (move external memory), MOVC (move program memory) or JMP (computed branch) instructions. They may be manipulated as a 16- bit register or as two separate 8-bit registers. DPH holds the high byte and DPL holds the low byte of the indirect address. In general, the Data Pointer registers are used to access external code or data space (e.g., MOVC A,@A+DPTR or MOV A,@DPTR, respectively). The Data Pointer 1 Register can be accessed through DPL1 and DPH1. These SFR locations always refer to the DPTR1, regardless of the actual data pointer selection by the DPS Register. This 16-bit register is used by all DPTRrelated instructions when the LSB of the DPS Register is set to 1, otherwise the DPTR is taken from DPH and DPL. TABLE 9-6: STACK POINTER REGISTER SP (SFR 0X81 - RESET=0X07) STACK POINTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 SP[7:0] R/W Clock Divide Low Byte: Points to the top of the stack in the internal data memory space. TABLE 9-7: DATA POINTER(1) LOW REGISTER DPL (SFR 0X82 - RESET=0X00) DPL1 (SFR 0X84 - RESET=0X00) DATA POINTER LOW BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 DPL[7:0] R/W Data Pointer Low Byte TABLE 9-8: DATA POINTER(1) HIGH REGISTER DPH (SFR 0X83 - RESET=0X00) DPH1 (SFR 0X85 - RESET=0X00) DATA POINTER HIGH BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 DPH[7:0] R/W Data Pointer High Byte SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 30  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.6 DATA POINTER SELECT REGISTER – DPS The R8051XC2 contains up to two data pointer registers. Each of these registers can be used as 16-bit address source for indirect addressing. The DPS Register serves for selecting the active data pointer register. 9.1.7 DATA POINTER CONTROL REGISTER – DPC The R8051XC2 contains an optional DPTR-related arithmetic unit. It provides auto-increment/auto-decrement by 1 or 2, and auto-switching between active DPTRs. These functions are controlled by the DPC Register, where there are separate DPC register bits for each DPTR, to provide high flexibility in data transfers. The DPC Register address 0x93 points to the window where the actual dpc is selected using the DPS Register, same as for the DPTR. TABLE 9-9: DATA POINTER SELECT REGISTER DPS (SFR 0X92 - RESET=0X00) DATA POINTER SELECT REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:1 Reserved R Always read as 0 0 dpsel0 R/W Data Pointer Register Select: 0 : Data pointer 0 selected 1 : Data pointer 1 selected TABLE 9-10: DATA POINTER CONTROL REGISTER DPC (SFR 0X93 - RESET=0X00) DATA POINTER CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5:4 dpc[5:4] R/W Not used 3 dpc.3 R/W Next Data Pointer Selection: The contents of this field is loaded to the DPS Register bit 0 after each MOVX @DPTR instruction. Note: This feature is not always enabled. Therefore, for each of the DPS registers this field has to contain a different value pointing to itself so that the auto-switching does not occur with default (reset) values. 2 dpc.2 R/W Auto-Modification Size: When 0, the current DPTR is automatically modified by 1 after each MOVX @DPTR instruction when dps.0=1. When 1, the current DPTR is automatically modified by 2 after each MOVX @DPTR instruction when dps.0=1. 1 dps.1 R/W Auto-Modification Direction: When 0, the current DPTR is automatically incremented after each MOVX @DPTR instruction when dps.0=1. When 1, the current DPTR is automatically decremented after each MOVX @DPTR instruction when dps.0=1. 0 dps.0 R/W Auto-Modification Enable: When set, enables auto-modification of the current DPTR after each MOVX @DPTR instruction  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 31 SEC1110/SEC1210 9.1.8 PROGRAM MEMORY PAGE SELECTOR REGISTER – PAGESEL The program memory address bus (memaddr) can be extended up to 17 bits with the use of banking. When the CPU targets addresses between 0000h and 7FFFh, the additional bits of the address bus are always 0, as the lowest 32 kB is the common bank to store reset and interrupt vectors, and all common/shared/root subroutines. When the CPU address is higher than 7FFFh of the program memory, the 2-bit contents of the PAGESEL Register is placed into the memaddr[16:15] bits. The maximum number of pages is 4 (the common one at 0-32 kB, and 3 pages (banks) logically visible at addresses between 32 kB-64 kB). 9.1.9 DATA MEMORY PAGE SELECTOR REGISTER – D_PAGESEL The external data memory address bus (memaddr) can be extended up to 17 bits with the use of banking. When the CPU targets addresses between 0000h and 7FFFh, the additional bits of the address bus are always 0. When the CPU addresses higher than 7FFFh of the program memory, the 2-bit contents of the D_PAGESEL Register is placed onto the memaddr[16:15] bits. The maximum number of pages is 4 (the common one at 0-32 kB, and 3 pages (banks) logically visible at addresses between 32 kB-64 kB). TABLE 9-11: PROGRAM MEMORY PAGE SELECTOR REGISTER PAGESEL (SFR 0X94 - RESET=0X01) PROGRAM MEMORY PAGE SELECTOR REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1:0 pagesel[1:0] R/W Provides an additional address for program memory in banking scheme for memaddr[16:15]. Note that the default value is 1, to provide normal address generation (logical address of 8000h equals the physical address) when the PAGESEL Register is not written at all after reset. The value of 0 should not be used since it causes the banked area (logical address between 8000h-FFFFh) to overlap physically with the common bank (0000h-7FFFh). Note: The 0 value of the PAGESEL Register should not be used since it leads to accessing the same physical area at logical address space 8000h-FFFFh as 0000h-7FFFh. This causes the banked area to overlap with the common bank. TABLE 9-12: DATA MEMORY PAGE SELECTOR REGISTER D_PAGESEL (SFR 0X95 - RESET=0X01) DATA MEMORY PAGE SELECTOR REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1:0 d_pagesel[1:0] R/W Provides an additional address for data memory in banking scheme. The default value is 1, to provide normal address generation (logical address of 8000h equals the physical address) when the D_PAGESEL Register is not written to after reset. The value of 0 should not be used since it causes the banked area (logical address between 8000h-FFFFh) to overlap physically with the common bank (0000h-7FFFh). Note: The 0 value of the D_PAGESEL Register should not be used since it leads to accessing the same physical area at logical address space 8000h-FFFFh as 0000h-7FFFh. This causes the banked area to overlap with the common bank. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 32  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.10 TIMER/COUNTER CONTROL REGISTER – TCON The TCON Register reflects the current status of R8051XC2 Timer 0 and Timer 1 and it is used to control operation of these modules. The tf0, tf1 (Timer 0 and Timer 1 overflow flags), ie0 and ie1 (External Interrupt 0 and 1 flags) will be automatically cleared by hardware when the corresponding service routine is called. TABLE 9-13: TIMER/COUNTER CONTROL REGISTER TCON (SFR 0X88 - RESET=0X00) TIMER/COUNTER CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 tf1 R/W Timer 1 Overflow Flag: Set by hardware when Timer 1 overflows. This flag can be cleared by software and is automatically cleared when an interrupt is processed. 6 tr1 R/W Timer 1 Run Control: If cleared, Timer 1 stops. 5 tf0 R/W Timer 0 Overflow Flag: Set by hardware when Timer 0 overflows. This flag can be cleared by software and is automatically cleared when an interrupt is processed. 4 tr0 R/W Timer 0 Run Control: If cleared, Timer 0 stops. 3 ie1 R/W External Interrupt 1 Flag: Set by hardware when an external interrupt int1 (edge/level, depending on settings) is observed. It is cleared by hardware when an interrupt is processed. 2 it1 R/W External Interrupt 1 Type Control: If set, External Interrupt 1 is activated at falling edge on input pin. If cleared, External Interrupt 1 is activated at low level on input pin. 1 ie0 R/W External Interrupt 0 Flag: Set by hardware when an external interrupt int0 (edge/level, depending on settings) is observed. Cleared by hardware when interrupt is processed. 0 it0 R/W External Interrupt 0 Type Control: If set, External Interrupt 0 is activated at falling edge on input pin. If cleared, External Interrupt 0 is activated at low level on input pin.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 33 SEC1110/SEC1210 9.1.11 TIMER MODE REGISTER – TMOD The TMOD Register is used in configuration of the R8051XC2 Timer 0 and Timer 1. TABLE 9-14: TIMER MODE REGISTER TMOD (SFR 0X89 - RESET=0X00) TIMER MODE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 gate R/W Timer 1 Gate Control: If set, enables external gate control (pin int(1)) for Counter 1. When int(1) is high, and tr1 bit is set, the Counter 1 is incremented every falling edge on the t1 input pin. 6 c/t R/W Timer 1 Counter/Timer Select: Selects the timer or counter operation. When set to 1, a counter operation is performed; when cleared to 0, the Timer/Counter 1 will function as a timer. 5 m1 R/W Timer 1 Mode: 4 m0 Selects mode for Timer/Counter 1, as shown in Table 9-15 below. 3 gate R/W Timer 0 Gate Control: If set, enables external gate control (pin int(0)) for Counter 0. When int(0) is high, and tr0 bit is set, the Counter 0 is incremented every falling edge on the t0 input pin 2 c/t R/W Timer 0 Counter/Timer Select: Selects the timer or counter operation. When set to 1, a counter operation is performed; when cleared to 0, the Timer/Counter 0 will function as a timer. 1 m1 R/W Timer 0 Mode: 0 m0 Selects the mode for Timer/Counter 0, as shown in Table 9-15 below. TABLE 9-15: TIMER/COUNTER MODES M0 M1 MODE FUNCTION 0 0 Mode 0 13-bit Counter/Timer, with 5 lower bits in the TL0 (TL1) Register and 8 bits in TH0 (TH1) Register (for Timer 0 or Timer 1, respectively). Note, that unlike in the 80C51, the 3 high-order bits of TL0 (TL1) are zeroed whenever Mode 0 is enabled. 0 1 Mode 1 16-bit Counter/Timer 1 0 Mode 2 8-bit auto-reload counter/timer. The reload value is kept in TH0 (TH1), while TL0 (TL1) is incremented every machine cycle. When TL0 (TL1) overflows, a value from TH0 (TH1) is copied to TL0 (TL1). 1 1 Mode 3 For Timer 1: Timer 1 is stopped. For Timer 0: Timer 0 acts as two independent 8-bit timers / counters – TL0, TH0. • TL0 uses the Timer 0 control bits and sets the tf0 flag on overflow. • TH0 operates as the timer, which is enabled by the tr1 bit and sets the tf1 flag on overflow. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 34  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.12 TIMER 0,1,2 – TH0, TL0, TH1, TL1, TH2, TL2 • TH0, TL0 registers reflect the state of Timer 0. TH0 holds higher byte and TL0 holds lower byte. • Timer 0 can be configured to operate as either a timer or counter. • TH1, TL1 registers reflect the state of Timer 1. TH1 holds the higher byte and TL1 holds the lower byte. • Timer 1 can be configured to operate as either a timer or counter. • TH2, TL2 registers reflect the state of Timer 2. TH2 holds the higher byte and TL2 holds the lower byte. • Timer 2 can be configured to operate in compare, capture or reload modes. 9.1.13 TIMER 2 CONTROL REGISTER – T2CON The T2CON Register reflects the current status of the R8051XC2 Timer 2 and is used to control Timer 2 operation. TABLE 9-16: TIMER 0, 1, AND 2 LOW BYTE TL0 (SFR 0X8A - RESET=0X00) TL1 (SFR 0X8B - RESET=0X00) TL2 (SFR 0XCC - RESET=0X00) TIMER 0/1/2 LOW BYTE BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TL0[7:0]/TL1[7:0]/ TL2[7:0] R/W Timer 0/ Timer 1/Timer 2 Low Byte TABLE 9-17: TIMER 0, 1, AND 2 HIGH BYTE TH0 (SFR 0X8C - RESET=0X00) TH1 (SFR 0X8D - RESET=0X00) TH2 (SFR 0XCD - RESET=0X00) TIMER 0/1/2 HIGH BYTE BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TH0[7:0]/ TH1[7:0] R/W TImer 0/ Timer 1/Timer 2 High Byte TABLE 9-18: TIMER 2 CONTROL REGISTER T2CON (SFR 0XC8 - RESET=0X00) TIMER 2 CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 t2ps R/W Prescaler Select: 0 : Timer 2 is clocked with 1/12 of the oscillator frequency. 1 : Timer 2 is clocked with 1/24 of the oscillator frequency. 6 i3fr R/W Active edge selection for external interrupt “int3”, (used also as a compare and capture signal): 0 : Falling edge 1 : Rising edge 5 i2fr R/W Active edge selection for external interrupt “int2”: 0 : Falling edge 1 : Rising edge  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 35 SEC1110/SEC1210 9.1.14 TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE ENABLE REGISTER – CCEN The CCEN Register serves as a configuration register for the compare/capture unit associated with the Timer 2. 4 t2r1 R/W Timer 2 Reload Mode Selection: 0X : Reload disabled 10 : Mode 0 11 : Mode 1 3 t2r0 2 t2cm R/W Timer 2 Compare Mode Selection: 0 : Mode 0 1 : Mode 1 1 t2i1 R/W Timer 2 Input Selection (t2i1, t2i0): 00 : Timer 2 stopped 01 : Input frequency f/12 or f/24 10 : Timer 2 is incremented by falling edge detection at pin “t2”. 11 : Input frequency f/12 or f/24 gated by external pin “t2”. 0 t2i0 TABLE 9-19: TIME 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE ENABLE REGISTER CCEN (SFR 0XC1 - RESET=0X00) TIMER 2 CCEN REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 cocah3 R/W Compare/Capture Mode for the CC3 Register: 00 : Compare/capture disabled 01 : Capture on rising edge at pin TIMER2_CC0 10 : Compare enabled 11 : Capture on write operation into register CC3 6 cocal3 5 cocah2 R/W Compare/Capture Mode for the CC2 Register: 00 : Compare/capture disabled 01 : Capture on rising edge at pin TIMER2_CC1 10 : Compare enabled 11 : Capture on write operation into register CC2 4 cocal2 3 cocah1 R/W Compare/Capture Mode for the CC1 Register: 00 : Compare/capture disabled 01 : Capture on rising edge at pin TIMER2_CC2 10 : Compare enabled 11 : Capture on write operation into register CC1 2 cocal1 1 cocah0 R/W Compare/Capture Mode for CRC Register 00 : Compare/capture disabled 01 : Capture on falling/rising edge at pin TIMER2_CC3 (not used) 10 : Compare enabled 11 : Capture on write operation into register CRCL 0 cocal0 TABLE 9-18: TIMER 2 CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) T2CON (SFR 0XC8 - RESET=0X00) TIMER 2 CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 36  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.15 TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE REGISTERS – CC1, CC2, CC3 Compare/Capture Registers (CC1, CC2, CC3) are 16-bit registers used in the operation of the compare/capture unit associated with Timer 2. CCHn holds the higher byte and CCLn holds the lower byte of the CCn Register. 9.1.16 TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE REGISTERS – CRCH, CRCL Compare/Capture Registers (CRCH, CRCL) are 16-bit registers used in the operation of the compare/capture unit associated with the Timer 2. CRCH holds higher byte and CRCL holds lower byte. TABLE 9-20: TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE REGISTERS LOW BYTE CCL1 (SFR 0XC2 - RESET=0X00) CCL2 (SFR 0XC4 - RESET=0X00) CCL3 (SFR 0XC6 - RESET=0X00) TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE 1,2,3 LOW BYTE BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 CCL1[7:0]/ CCL2[7:0]/ CCL3[7:0] R/W TImer 2 Compare/Capture Register Low Byte TABLE 9-21: TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE REGISTERS HIGH BYTE CCH1 (SFR 0XC3 - RESET=0X00) CCH2 (SFR 0XC5 - RESET=0X00) CCH3 (SFR 0XC7 - RESET=0X00) TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE 1,2,3 HIGH BYTE BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 CCH1[7:0]/ CCH2[7:0]/ CCH3[7:0] R/W TImer 2 Compare/Capture Register High Byte TABLE 9-22: TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE REGISTERS CRCL (SFR 0XCA - RESET=0X00) TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE 1,2,3 LOW BYTE BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 CRCL[7:0] R/W TImer 2 Compare/Capture Register Low Byte TABLE 9-23: TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE REGISTER CRCH (SFR 0XCB - RESET=0X00) TIMER 2 COMPARE/CAPTURE 1,2,3 HIGH BYTE BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 CRCH[7:0] R/W TImer 2 Compare/Capture Register High Byte  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 37 SEC1110/SEC1210 9.1.17 WATCHDOG TIMER RELOAD REGISTER – WDTREL The WDTREL Register holds the reload value of 7 high-order bits of the watchdog timer. It also configures the frequency prescaler for the watchdog timer. 9.1.18 INTERRUPT ENABLE 0 REGISTER – IEN0 TABLE 9-24: WATCHDOG TIMER RELOAD REGISTER WDTREL (SFR 0X86 - RESET=0X00) DATA POINTER LOW BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 WDTREL7 R/W Prescaler Select: When set, the watchdog is clocked through an additional divide-by16 prescaler. 6:0 WDTREL[6:0] R/W Watchdog Reload Value: Reload value for the highest 7 bits of the watchdog timer. This value is loaded to the watchdog timer when a refresh is triggered by a consecutive setting of bits IEN0.wdt and IEN1.swdt). TABLE 9-25: INTERRUPT ENABLE 0 REGISTER IEN0 (SFR 0XA8 - RESET=0X00) INTERRUPT ENABLE 0 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 eal R/W Interrupts Enable: When set to 0 – all interrupts are disabled. Otherwise enabling each interrupt is done by setting the corresponding interrupt enable bit. 6 wdt R/W Watchdog Timer Refresh Flag: Set to initiate a refresh of the watchdog timer. This bit must be set directly before IEN1.swdt is set to prevent an unintentional refresh of the watchdog timer. The wdt bit is cleared by hardware after the next instruction executed after the one that had set this bit. Therefore, a watchdog refresh can only be done by sequentially setting wdt followed by swdt. 5 et2 R/W Timer 2 Interrupt Enable: et2=0 : Timer 2 Interrupt is disabled. et2=1 : and eal=1 Timer 2 Interrupt is enabled. 4 es0 R/W 16550 Serial Port 0 Interrupt Enable: es0=0 : Serial Port 0 Interrupt is disabled. es0=1 and eal=1 : Serial Port 0 Interrupt is enabled. 3 et1 R/W Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt Enable: et1=0 : Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt is disabled. et1=1 and eal=1 : Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt is enabled. 2 ex1 R/W External Interrupt 1 Enable (GPIO Ports 0,1,2): ex1=0 : External Interrupt 1 is disabled. ex1=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 1 is enabled. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 38  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.19 INTERRUPT ENABLE 1 REGISTER – IEN1 1 et0 R/W Timer 0 Overflow Interrupt Enable: et0=0 : Timer 0 Overflow Interrupt is disabled. et0=1 and eal=1 : Timer 0 Overflow Interrupt is enabled. 0 ex0 R/W External Interrupt 0 Enable (or of all interrupts except GPIOs) ex0=0 : External Interrupt 0 is disabled. ex0=1 : and eal=1 External Interrupt 0 is enabled. TABLE 9-26: INTERRUPT ENABLE 1 REGISTER IEN1 (SFR 0XB8 - RESET=0X00) INTERRUPT ENABLE 1 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 exen2 R/W Timer 2 External Reload Interrupt Enable: exen2=0 : Timer 2 External Reload Interrupt 2 is disabled. exen2=1 and eal=1 : Timer 2 External Reload Interrupt 2 is enabled. 6 swdt R/W Watchdog Timer Start/Refresh Flag: set to activate/refresh the watchdog timer. When set directly after setting IEN0.wdt, a watchdog timer refresh is performed. This bit is immediately cleared by hardware. 5 ex6 R/W External Interrupt 6 Enable (Power Status Event): ex6=0 : External Interrupt 6 is disabled. ex6=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 6 is enabled. 4 ex5 R/W External Interrupt 5 Enable (USB): ex5=0 : External Interrupt 5 is disabled. ex5=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 5 is enabled. 3 ex4 R/W External Interrupt 4 Enable (Endpoint 4): ex4=0 : External Interrupt 4 is disabled. ex4=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 4 is enabled. 2 ex3 R/W External Interrupt 3 Enable (Endpoint 3): ex3=0 : External Interrupt 3 is disabled. ex3=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 3 is enabled. 1 ex2 R/W External Interrupt 2 Enable (SPI1): ex2=0 : External Interrupt 2 is disabled. ex2=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 2 is enabled. 0 ex7 R/W External Interrupt 7 Enable (Interrupt not connected to any source) TABLE 9-25: INTERRUPT ENABLE 0 REGISTER (CONTINUED) IEN0 (SFR 0XA8 - RESET=0X00) INTERRUPT ENABLE 0 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 39 SEC1110/SEC1210 9.1.20 INTERRUPT ENABLE 2 REGISTER – IEN2 TABLE 9-27: INTERRUPT ENABLE 2 REGISTER IEN2 (SFR 0X9A - RESET=0X00) INTERRUPT ENABLE 2 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 ex12 R/W External Interrupt 12 Enable (Smart Card 1 or 2): ex12=0 : External Interrupt 12 is disabled. ex12=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 12 is enabled. 4 ex11 R/W External Interrupt 11 Enable (Endpoint 0): ex11=0 : External Interrupt 11 is disabled. ex11=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 11 is enabled. 3 ex10 R/W External Interrupt 10 Enable (Endpoint 5): ex10=0 : External Interrupt 10 is disabled. ex10=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 10 is enabled. 2 ex9 R/W External Interrupt 9 Enable (Endpoint 2): ex9=0 : External Interrupt 9 is disabled. ex9=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 9 is enabled. 1 ex8 R/W External Interrupt 8 Enable (Endpoint 1): ex8=0 : External Interrupt 8 is disabled. ex8=1 and eal=1 : External Interrupt 8 is enabled. 0 Reserved R Always read as 0 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 40  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.21 INTERRUPT PRIORITY REGISTERS – IP0, IP1 The 18 interrupt sources are grouped into 6 priority groups. For each of the groups, one of four priority levels can be selected. It is achieved by setting appropriate values in the IP0 and IP1 registers. The contents of the interrupt priority registers define the priority levels for each interrupt source according to the tables below. TABLE 9-28: INTERRUPT PRIORITY 0 REGISTER IP0 (SFR 0XA9 - RESET=0X00) INTERRUPT PRIORITY 0 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved R/W Always read as 0 6 wdts R/W Watchdog Timer Status Flag: This bit is not set by hardware when the watchdog timer reset occurs. If the RESET_SRC_WDOG bit in the CLKPWR_TEST4 Register is set, it indicates that the chip reset was due to a watchdog timer reset. 5:0 - R/W Interrupt Priority: Each bit together with the corresponding bit from the IP1 Register specifies the priority level of the respective interrupt priority group. TABLE 9-29: INTERRUPT PRIORITY 1 REGISTER IP1 (SFR 0XB9 - RESET=0X00) INTERRUPT PRIORITY 1 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R/W Always read as 0 5:0 - R/W Interrupt Priority: Each bit together with the corresponding bit from the IP0 Register specifies the priority level of the respective interrupt priority group. TABLE 9-30: PRIORITY GROUPS GROUP CORRESPONDING INTERRUPT BITS INTERRUPTS IN EACH GROUP 0 IP1.0, IP0.0 Ext Interrupt 0 - or of all interrupts except GPIOs Ext Interrupt 7 - Reserved 1 IP1.1, IP0.1 Timer 0 Interrupt External Interrupt 8 - Endpoint 1 External Interrupt 2 - SPI1 Interrupt 2 IP1.2, IP0.2 External Interrupt 1 - GPIO port 0,1 External Interrupt 9 - Endpoint 2 External Interrupt 3 - Endpoint 3 3 IP1.3, IP0.3 Timer 1 Interrupt External Interrupt 10 - Endpoint 5 External Interrupt 4 - Endpoint 4 4 IP1.4, IP0.4 16550 UART Interrupt External Interrupt 11 - Endpoint 0 External Interrupt 5 - USB Interrupt 5 IP1.5, IP0.5 Timer 2 Interrupt External Interrupt 12 - Smart Card 1/2 Reserved External Interrupt 6 - Power Status Event  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 41 SEC1110/SEC1210 9.1.22 POWER CONTROL REGISTER – PCON 9.1.22.1 pmw The MOVX instructions perform one of two actions depending on the state of pmw bit (PCON.4). The pmw bit selects the standard or advanced behavior of the microcontroller during execution of MOVX instruction. When the pmw is cleared or after reset, MOVX instructions allow read/write access to external data memory space. The software can set the pmw bit to enable access to program memory space. Once pmw is set, MOVX data memory instructions become MOVX program memory instructions with 8 or 16-bit addressing modes. The software clears pmw to switch back to normal MOVX behavior. Setting or clearing pmw does not influence the execution of MOVC instruction and it does not change the behavior of program memory reading. 9.1.22.2 CPU_IDLE When the CPU_IDLE Mode is invoked, the ISR and other peripherals are clocked normally and interrupts are generated normally. Therefore the irq signal coming from the ISR module can directly wake-up the CPU from CPU_IDLE Mode. TABLE 9-31: PRIORITY LEVELS IP1.X IP0.X PRIORITY LEVEL 0 0 Level 0 (lowest) 0 1 Level 1 1 0 Level 2 1 1 Level 3 (highest) Note: X represents the priority group TABLE 9-32: POWER CONTROL REGISTER PCON (SFR 0X87 - RESET=0X08) POWER CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 smod R/W This bit is not used. 6 wdt_tm R/W Watchdog Timer Test Mode Flag: When set to 1, the fclk/12 divider at the input of the watchdog timer is skipped. 5 isr_tm R/W Interrupt Service Routine Test Mode Flag: When set to 1, the interrupt vectors assigned to Timer 0 and 1, Serial Port 0 and 1, and SPI interfaces can be triggered only with the use of external inputs of the core. 4 pmw R/W Program Memory Write Mode: Setting this bit enables the Program Memory Write Mode. 3 p2sel R/W This bit is not used. 2 gf0 R/W General Purpose Flag 1 stop R/W STOP Mode Control: Setting this bit activates the STOP Mode. This bit is always read as 0. 0 idle R/W Idle Mode Control: Setting this bit activates the IDLE Mode. This bit is always read as 0. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 42  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.22.3 CPU_STOP When the CPU_STOP Mode is invoked, neither the clkcpu nor clkper are working. The ISR module can’t generate an interrupt since no peripherals are working. The only interrupts that may be accepted in the CPU_STOP Mode are External Interrupt 0 and 1. Hence before entering STOP Mode, the software must activate interrupts for the expected GPIO port 0/1/2 interrupts (or USB Interrupt due to resume). An interrupt event would enable the clocks clkcpu, clkper to continue CPU processing. 9.1.23 SOFTWARE RESET REGISTER – SRST 9.1.24 SPI1 SERIAL PERIPHERAL STATUS REGISTER – SPSTA TABLE 9-33: SOFTWARE RESET REGISTER SRST (SFR 0XF7 - RESET=0X00) SOFTWARE RESET REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:1 Reserved R Always read as 0 0 srstreq R/W Software Reset Request: Writing a 0 to this bit will have no effect. Single writing a 1 value to this bit will have no effect. Double writing 1 value (in two consecutive instructions) will generate an internal software reset. Reading this bit will NOT provide feedback about the reset source. The RESET_SRC_SRST bit in the CLKPWR_TEST4 Register if one indicates that the chip reset was due to software reset request. TABLE 9-34: SPI1 SERIAL PERIPHERAL STATUS REGISTER SPSTA (SFR 0XE1 - RESET=0X00) SERIAL PERIPHERAL (SPI1) STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 spif R Serial Peripheral Data Transfer Flag: Set by hardware upon data transfer completion. Cleared by hardware when data transfer is in progress. Can also be cleared by reading the SPSTA.spif bit set, and then reading the SPDAT Register. 6 wcol R Write Collision Flag: Set by hardware upon write collision to SPDAT. Cleared by hardware upon data transfer completion when no collision has occurred. Can be also cleared by an access to the SPSTA Register and an access to SPDAT Register. 5 sserr R Synchronous Serial Slave Error Flag: Set by hardware when SPI1_CE input is de-asserted before the end of receive sequence. Cleared by disabling the SPI1 module (clearing the SPCON.spen bit).  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 43 SEC1110/SEC1210 The SPSTA Register contains flags to signal data transfer complete, write collision, and inconsistent logic level on SPI1_CE (Slave select) pin (mode fault error). 9.1.25 SPI1 SERIAL PERIPHERAL CONTROL REGISTER – SPCON The Serial Peripheral Control Register is used to configure the SPI module. It selects the Master clock rate, selects the serial clock polarity and phase, enables the SPI1_CE input, and enables/disables the whole SPI1 module. 4 modf R Mode Fault Flag: Set by hardware when the SPI1_CE pin level is in conflict with the actual mode of the SPI_MS controller (configured as Master while externally selected as Slave). Cleared by hardware when the ssn pin is at appropriate level. Can be also cleared by software by reading the SPSTA Register with modf set. 3:0 Reserved R Always read as 0 TABLE 9-35: SPI1 SERIAL PERIPHERAL CONTROL REGISTER SPCON (SFR 0XE2 - RESET=0X14) SERIAL PERIPHERAL (SPI1) CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 spr2 R/W Serial Peripheral Rate 2: Together with spr[1:0] defines the clock rate in Master Mode. 6 spen R/W Serial Peripheral Enable: When cleared, disables the SPI1 Interface. When set enables the SPI1 Interface. 5 ssdis R/W SS Disable: When cleared enables the SPI1_CE input. When set disables the SPI1_CE input. When ssdis is set, no SPSTA.modf interrupt request will be generated. 4 mstr R/W Serial Peripheral Master: When set configures the SPI1 as a Master. 3 cpol R/W Clock Polarity: When cleared, the SPI1_CLK is set to 0 in idle state. When set, the SPI1_CLK is set to 1 in idle state. 2 cpha R/W Clock Phase: When cleared, data is sampled when the SPI1_CLK leaves the idle state (see SPCON.cpol). When set, data is sampled when the SPI1_CLK returns to idle state (see SPCON.cpol). 1:0 spr[1:0] R/W Serial Peripheral Rate: Together with spr2 specify the serial clock rate in Master Mode. TABLE 9-34: SPI1 SERIAL PERIPHERAL STATUS REGISTER SPSTA (SFR 0XE1 - RESET=0X00) SERIAL PERIPHERAL (SPI1) STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 44  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.1.26 SPI1 SERIAL PERIPHERAL DATA REGISTER – SPDAT The SPDAT Register is a read/write buffer for the “receive data” register. While writing to the SPDAT, data is placed directly into the shift register (there is no transmit buffer). 9.2 Special Function Registers Summary The R8051XC can access up to 128 Special Function Registers. These registers can only be accessed directly. TABLE 9-36: SPI1 TRANSFER RATE SPR2 SPR1 SPR0 SERIAL PERIPHERAL RATE (SPI1_RATE) 0 0 0 spi1_clk/2 0 0 1 spi1_clk/4 0 1 0 spi1_clk/8 0 1 1 spi1_clk/16 1 0 0 spi1_clk/32 1 0 1 spi1_clk/64 1 1 0 spi1_clk/128 1 1 1 The Master clock is not generated (when SPCON.cpol=1, the SPI1_CLK output is high level, otherwise is low level) TABLE 9-37: SPI1 SERIAL PERIPHERAL DATA REGISTER SPDAT (SFR 0XE3 - RESET=0X00) SERIAL PERIPHERAL (SPI1) DATA REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 spdat[7:0] R/W Serial Peripheral Data: Reading returns the value located in the receive buffer, not the shift register. TABLE 9-38: SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS SUMMARY REGISTER ADDRESS DEFAULT DESCRIPTION SP 81h 07h Stack Pointer DPL 82h 00h Data Pointer 0 Low DPH 83h 00h Data Pointer 0 High DPL1 84h 00h Data Pointer 1 Low DPH1 85h 00h Data Pointer 1 High WDTREL 86h 00h Watchdog Timer Reload Register PCON 87h 00h Power Control TCON 88h 00h Timer/Counter Control Register TMOD 89h 00h Timer Mode Register TL0 8Ah 00h Timer 0, Low Byte TL1 8Bh 00h Timer 1, Low Byte TH0 8Ch 00h Timer 0, High Byte TH1 8Dh 00h Timer 1, High Byte DPS 92h 00h Data Pointer Select Register  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 45 SEC1110/SEC1210 DPC 93h 00h Data Pointer Control Register PAGESEL 94h 01h Program Memory Page Selector D_PAGESEL 95h 01h External Data Page Selector IEN2 9Ah 00h Interrupt Enable Register 2 IEN0 A8h 00h Interrupt Enable Register 0 IP0 A9h 00h Interrupt Priority Register 0 IP/IEN1 B8h 00h Interrupt Priority Register/Enable Register 1 IP1 B9h 00h Interrupt Priority Register 1 CCEN C1h 00h Compare/Capture Enable Register CCL1 C2h 00h Compare/Capture Registers – CC1 Low Byte CCH1 C3h 00h Compare/Capture Registers – CC1 High Byte CCL2 C4h 00h Compare/Capture Registers – CC2 Low Byte CCH2 C5h 00h Compare/Capture Registers – CC2 High Byte CCL3 C6h 00h Compare/Capture Registers – CC3 Low Byte CCH3 C7h 00h Compare/Capture Registers – CC3High Byte T2CON C8h 00h Timer 2 Control Register CRCL CAh 00h Compare/Capture Registers – CRC Low Byte CRCH CBh 00h Compare/Capture Registers – CRC High Byte TL2 CCh 00h Timer 2, Low Byte TH2 CDh 00h Timer 2, High Byte PSW D0 00h Program Status Word IEN4 D1h 00h Interrupt Enable Register 4 ACC E0h 00h Accumulator SPSTA E1h 00h Serial Peripheral Status Register SPCON E2h 14h Serial Peripheral Control Register SPDAT E3h 00h Serial Peripheral Data Register B F0 00h B Register SRST F7h 00h Software Reset Register TABLE 9-38: SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS SUMMARY (CONTINUED) REGISTER ADDRESS DEFAULT DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 46  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.0 SMART CARD INTERFACE The SEC1110 provides one Smart Card Interface based on the ISO/IEC 7816 Standard, while the SEC1210 provides two interfaces. The SEC1210, however, provides only one shared Packet FIFO. Hence, only one of the Smart Cards can transfer data at any point of time, though both may be active and operational. 10.1 Interconnect to Smart Card Terminal FIGURE 10-1: SMART CARD 1 INTERCONNECT FIGURE 10-2: S.A.M INTERFACE (SMART CARD 2) 1 5 2 6 3 7 4 8 SC1_RST_N/GPIO2 SC1_CLK/GPIO1 SC1_IO/GPIO0 SC1_C4/GPIO3 SC1_C8/GPIO4 SC1_VCC (5.0 V/ 3.0 V/ 1.8 V) SC1_LED_ACT_N/GPIO5 SC1_PRSNT_N(GPIO6) SEC1110/ SEC1210 TERMINAL 1 5 2 6 3 7 4 8 SC2_RST_N/ GPIO[18] SC2_CLK/ GPIO[17] SC2_IO/ GPIO[16] SC2_VCC SEC1210 TERMINAL SC2_PSNT_N/ GPIO[19]  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 47 SEC1110/SEC1210 10.2 Top Level of the Smart Card Interface The Smart Card interface can alternatively be used as GPIOs. The synchronous ISO/IEC 7816-10 is supported by this block by bit-addressable GPIOs (controls in the SC1 and SC2), or it can be configured to output the signals from the GPIO block itself. The muxing of the signals of the three different interfaces is shown in the figure below. The selection of whether the GPIOs or the Smart Card logic controls the pins is controlled by auxiliary registers in GPIO block. FIGURE 10-3: SMART CARD1,2 INTERCONNECT SC1_VCC SC1_PRSNT_N/ GPIO6 XDATA SLAVE 3.0V 1.8V 5.0/3.0/1.8 VOLT REGULATOR GPIO5 SC_LED_ACT_N SC_LED_ACT_N/ GPIO5 OCS1 SC_LED_SEL VREG_CTL (FROM GPIO BLOCK) SC1_GPIO_EN PAD GPIO6 (SC_PRSNT_N) (For Auto Disconnect) PAD VDD33 PAD 5.0V (FROM CLK_PWR BLOCK) SC FIFO (Async)SC_RST_N (Async)SC_CLK (Async)SC_IO (Sync)SC_RST_N (Sync)SC_CLK (Sync)SC_IO SC1 UART IP SC1 Sync Intfc SYNC_MODE_SEL SC_FCB SC_SPU WRAPPER SC_LED_ACT_N SC mux (Async)SC_RST_N (Async)SC_CLK (Async)SC_IO (Sync)SC_RST_N (Sync)SC_CLK (Sync)SC_IO SC2 UART IP SC2 Sync Intfc SYNC_MODE_SEL SC_FCB SC_SPU WRAPPER SC_LED_ACT_N SC mux SC_RST_N SC_CLK SC_IO SC_SPU SC_FCB SC_RST_N SC_CLK SC_IO SC_SPU SC_FCB GPIO2 GPIO1 GPIO0 GPIO4 GPIO3 PAD PAD PAD PAD PAD PAD 1.8/3.0/5.0 V IO PAD PAD 3.3V IO PAD GPIO Block m ux SC2_RST_N/GPIO18 SC 2_CLK /G PIO 17 SC 2_IO /G PIO 16 GPIO18 GPIO17 GPIO16 PAD PAD PAD GPIO Block m ux SC2_GPIO_EN PAD SC2_VCC PAD 1.8/3.0/5.0 V IO PAD PAD SC2_PRSNT_N/ GPIO19 GPIO19 (SC_PRSNT_N) (For Auto Disconnect) OCS2 PAD 1.8/3.0/5.0 V Power PAD SC1_IO/GPIO0 SC1_SPU /SC 1_C8/ GPIO4 SC1_FCB/SC1_C4/ GPIO3 SC1_RST_N/GPIO2 SC1_CLK/GPIO1 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 48  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.3 General Description The Smart Card Interface serves as the core of a Terminal, or Interface Device (IFD), which communicates with an insertable Smart Card, also called an Integrated Circuit Card (ICC). The Smart Card interface is a UART-like interface that supports the ISO 7816 asynchronous protocols named T=0 and T=1. It transmits and receives serial data via the SCx_IO (x is 1 or 2) signal pin. Each byte transmitted or received is transferred as a character with a start bit, 8 data bits, a parity bit, and an amount of Guard Time (stop bits) that depends on the protocol used and the declared characteristics of the card. To initiate communication with the Smart Card, the Smart Card must be inserted into the terminal device. A mechanical or electrical sensor will detect this event, pulling the SCx_PRSNT_N(GPIO6 or GPIO19) pin low to indicate that the electrical contacts are seated. The insertion of the card will cause a GPIO6 or GPIO19 Interrupt after the debounce period. If the system is in suspend state, the GPIO transition will cause the system to be woken up first, followed by the interrupt to the processor. Once it is established that a Smart Card is present, firmware will use the VREG_CTL Register to apply power to the card. Once the interface is powered, the terminal can initiate communication with the Smart Card by driving the SCx- _RST_N pin low. There are two types of resets: a cold reset and a warm reset. The cold reset sequence is used immediately after power is applied to the interface: it generates the SCx_CLK output, sets the SCx_IO pin as an input with a weak pull-up, and keeps the SCx_RST_N pin low (its initial state) for a defined period of time after the clock starts running. The warm reset only affects the SCx_RST_N pin, which is pulled low for a defined period of time: it requires that the interface already be powered and a steady clock be already applied to the card. Bits have been provided in the SC_ICR Register that may be controlled by software to initiate these sequences. When either of these resets terminates (SCx_RST_N going high) the Smart Card will return a sequence of characters called the Answer to Reset (ATR) message as defined by ISO 7816-3. The Smart Card is required to respond to a reset sequence as shown in the cold reset and warm reset timing diagrams (see Figure 10-10 and FIGURE 10-11: on page 62). The first character of the ATR message, called TS, is interpreted by hardware in the SEC1110 and SEC1210, determining the bit encoding convention used by the card (direct or inverse) as defined by ISO 7816-3, which defines the polarity and the order of the data and parity bits in the character. The TS byte, interpreted according to the convention it selects, is placed into the FIFO, and data received from that point onward is assembled according to the selected convention and loaded into the FIFO to be read by software. The rest of the ATR response from the Smart Card returns the operational limits of the Smart Card. Software must interpret this response and set the SEC1110 and SEC1210 runtime registers accordingly. During the ATR message, data will be received based on a default value of the bit time, called the Elementary Time Unit (etu). Two ATR parameters named F and D are used to define a new etu time. Once this is determined, software can program the BRG Divisor (SC_DLM and SC_DLL) and the sampling rate for the baud rate generator accordingly. The hardware divides the Mhzsc1_clk (typically 48 MHz) system clock, by the BRG divisor and the sampling rate to determine the etu value (bit time). The SCx_CLK frequency is generated by dividing the sc1_clk clock by the SC_CLK_DIV DIVISOR field. Software will also set up the Extra Guard Time Register (SC_EGT), the Block Guard Time (SC_BGT) Register and the protocol Mode (T=0 or T=1 Mode) to set the required amount of Guard Time between character transmissions. A negotiation phase called PPS may occur, or communication may begin immediately using the parameters provided by the card’s ATR message. In either case, all communication after the ATR message consists of individual exchanges, in which the IFD transmits a block of data and the ICC responds with a return message. For this reason, and because the response time from the ICC can be too short for software intervention, software will enable both the SEC1110 and SEC1210 transmitter and receiver at the same time, and the receiver hardware will remain inactive until the transmission phase of the exchange has completed. An additional stop clock feature has been provided to hold the SCx_CLK output at a particular voltage level between exchanges, as may be allowed by the card for power savings. Clock switching is glitch free. Hardware protocol timers, set according to default timings, will monitor the Smart Card interface during the reset/ATR sequence for an unresponsive or defective card, based on the EMV, ISO and PC/SC timing requirements. If the ATR response is not received within the given time, or does not obey the required timings, a Timer Interrupt will result. The software can then take corrective action or initiate the deactivation sequence to stop and power-down the card. After the ATR sequence, the same set of hardware timers are used, based on ATR parameters EGT, CWT, BWT, and/or WWT, to monitor timings for the subsequent data exchanges.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 49 SEC1110/SEC1210 One of two protocols is selected, defined by a parameter T in the ATR message, and potentially negotiated in a PPS exchange. The protocol T=0 is character-oriented, with parity error detection and re-transmission on a character-bycharacter basis. The protocol T=1 is block-oriented, with an error-free link layer based on block re-transmission, resembling the X.25 communication standard. In the T=1 protocol, both individual character parity and a block check field are used to detect errors. The SEC1110 and SEC1210 SC_FIFO is deep enough to hold an entire message of maximum length (259 bytes in SEC1110/SEC1210 and 261 bytes in SEC1110/SEC1210). It transmits data, pre-loaded into the SC_FIFO, when the transmit control bit is set by software. It immediately turns around, enabling the Receiver to put data received back into the SC_FIFO. The SC_FIFO Threshold Interrupt is triggered by received data only, though a separate interrupt is available to signal when the transmit phase has ended. The hardware has significant knowledge of the protocol being implemented, and can be set up to filter out bytes that would lead to a message longer than the SC_FIFO depth. After deactivation of the ICC, it is required to perform a block reset to the smart clock block using SC1_RESET or SC2_RESET, or initialize all the registers to desired values. 10.4 Character Framing The SEC1110 and SEC1210 meets the requirements for a character frame as defined by ISO 7816-3. The T=0 and T=1 protocol differ in the minimum amount of Guard Time: 2 etus for T=0, and 1 etu for T=1, which does not require a character-by-character parity error response. Character parity is checked as each byte is received by hardware. If a parity error is detected when a byte is received, the parity error status bit will be set. This status bit can be polled by software, or it can be programmed to generate an interrupt and/or to deactivate the card in hardware. If character repetition is enabled (used in the T=0 protocol) the SEC1110 and SEC1210 will pull the SCx_IO line low following a received parity error, for the duration of 1 etu as defined by ISO 7816-3. If the card signals receipt with a parity error while the SEC1110 and SEC1210 is transmitting, it will repeat the character up to 4 additional times. Whether transmitting or receiving, failure after 5 transmissions of the same character will cause a Parity Error Interrupt and/or hardware deactivation of the ICC. Note: Software should not try to initiate a RESYNCH until the transaction has completed, because the card may still be trying to send data to the IFD. Timeout timers and an Activity Detection bit are provided to assist software in this determination, in case of an error. FIGURE 10-4: T=0 MODE CHARACTER TRANSMISSION AND REPETITION DIAGRAM Note: Timing is measured in etus. 1 etu = time to transmit 1 bit. The default etu is equal to 372/f, where f is the clock frequency. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 50  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.5 Clocking and Baud Rate Generation The frequency of the SCx_CLK signal to the ICC, and the rate at which bits are transmitted and sampled, are determined from the frequency of sc1_clk clock, which is a divided version of 48 MHz clock. No other clock frequency is available in the SEC1110 and SEC1210. 10.5.1 CLOCK RATE GENERATION The internal clock rate generator determines the frequency of the clock to be provided to the ICC on the SCx_CLK pin. This is expressed in the least-significant 6 bits of the SC_CLK_DIV Register as a divisor on the system clock. To find the correct value, the Fi value is read from the card, and Fmax is determined. The divisor is chosen such that SCx_CLK is the highest possible frequency without violating the Fmax parameter. The frequency of the clock to the Smart Card blocks is selected to be the minimum required to satisfy SCx_CLK frequency and the etu rate. This is done to lower dynamic power dissipation of the block. Frequency of clock to Smart Card 1 block is Fsc1_clk = 48 MHz / SC1_CLK_DIV. Frequency of SC1_CLK pin = Fsc1_clk / DIVISOR[4:0] 10.5.2 ETU RATE GENERATION The internal Baud Rate Generator (BRG) sets the duration of an etu (bit time). In the ATR message from the ICC, a divisor term (F) and a multiplier term (D) come from two 4-bit values Fi and Di. (If the ICC does not provide these values, the default is Fi=1 and Di=1, which specify a simple division by 372). The Fi and Di values are specified relative to the SCx_CLK frequency. But within SEC1110 and SEC1210, this must be translated to a simple divisor of the system clock. There are two components to this divisor: a Sampling Mode and a Divisor Latch value (DL). The divisor latch value is held as a 16-bit value in the SC_DLL/SC_DLM register pair. The sampling mode is contained in the most-significant two bits of the SC_CLK_DIV Register. TABLE 10-1: CHARACTER FRAME FORMAT TRANSMISSION DEFINITION Start Bit The I/O signal is held low for the duration of one etu after the Guard Time before transmitting data. Data Byte The 8 bits immediately following the start bit that represents a single character byte. The logical value of the data byte transmitted is dependent on the convention selected by TS of the ATR. Direct Convention: logical 1 equals VCC and bits are transmitted LSB first. Inverse Convention: logical 0 equals VCC and bits are transmitted MSB first. Note: Data received is interpreted according to the encoding convention selected by the ICC. Parity Bit The parity bit is used for error detection. It is used to provide even parity, operating on 1 and 0 as defined by the convention. The parity bit itself is also represented with the same polarity as the data field, according to the selected encoding convention. Guard Time The Guard Time is defined as the time between the transmission of the parity bit and the next start bit transmitted. During this time, both the Transmitter and Receiver release the bus. Only the Receiver is permitted to pull the bus low during this time (in all except T=1) to indicate a parity error has occurred. Guard time = minimum Guard Time + Extra Guard Time (N); for 0  N  254 Guard time = minimum Guard Time; for N=255. T=0 (including ATR and PPS) requires a minimum Guard Time of 2 etus. T=1 requires a minimum Guard Time of 1 etu. The minimum Guard Time is determined by whether T=0 or T=1 Mode is chosen in the Protocol Mode Register. Extra Guard Time (N) is programmable from 0 to 254 etus, as requested by the card in the ATR message. The default value is 0. The value of N received in the ATR should be directly programmed in the EGT Register.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 51 SEC1110/SEC1210 The value in the DLL/DLM registers is interpreted according to the separate Sampling Mode, held in the most-significant two bits of the SC_CLK_DIV Register. The sampling mode is a pre-scaler and one of three valid settings: • 00b : prescaler of 31 • 10b : prescaler of 16 • 01b : no prescaler. The divisor directly specifies the etu rate in units of the sc1_clk clock, and each bit is sampled directly by that clock. This form gives better accuracy. Also, even in a non-standard application, it is not allowed to specify fewer than 16 sample times per etu. For example assume during ATR,TA bits 8~5 = 0010b (Fi=558), and bits 4~1 = 0011b (Di=4) then Fmax = 6 MHz, and the desired divisor = 139.5. This means: • Fmax = 6 MHz (based on Fi) • Desired divisor = 558/4 = 139.5 Desired baud rate = 4.8 MHz/139.5 = 34408.6 bps. This means based on a 48 MHz clock the divisor latch value must be: 48 MHz/34408 = 1395. To set the SCx_CLK frequency close to Fmax, then SCx_CLK divisor (DIVISOR[4:0]) must be set to 48 M/4.8 M = 10. The single bit error due to the terminal’s sampling rate = (1 / 48 MHz) / (1 ETU) = (1/48e6) / (1/34408.6) = 0.071%. The error accumulated over a byte (starting from START bit, 8 data bits, parity bit, pause sample) = 10 * 2% = 20%. The maximum error allowed per bit is determined by maximum rise/fall times (8%), minimum sampling time (0.2 etu, i.e., 20%), and maximum clock jitter (1% p-p). When the Receiver samples, the maximum allowed error per bit = 0.2 etu/10 = 20.0% /10 = 2.00% For some of the Fi/Di ratios, lower power consumption can be achieved by reducing the Smart Card block frequency, while maintaining the maximum line rate. This requires operating within the maximum allowed error rate per bit. 10.5.3 RECOMMENDED ETU RATES AND SETTINGS Table 10-2 lists the valid etu rates supported, and the recommended settings of the DL divisor (in the DLL/DLM registers) and the sampling field of the CLK Register that are used to select them. The settings shown are for the maximum block frequency (48 MHz, i.e., SCx_CLK_DIV=1) to the Smart Card block to reduce error to a minimum. TABLE 10-2: RECOMMENDED SETTINGS FOR VALID TA1 ETU RATES FI (DEC) DI (DEC) FI/DI (REAL) SAMPLING FIELD (BINARY) SCLK (ACTUAL) MHZ DL DIVISOR VALUE (DECIMAL) BAUD RATE (BITS/SEC) BIT ERROR (%) 0 1 372 01 4.8 3720 12903.23 0.00% 0 2 186 01 4.8 1860 25806.45 0.00% 0 3 93 01 4.8 930 51613.90 0.00% 0 4 46.5 01 4.8 465 103226.81 0.00% 0 5 23.25 01 4.8 233 206008.58 0.22% 0 6 11.625 01 4.8 116 413793.10 -0.22% 0 7 5.813 01 4.8 58 827586.21 -0.22% 0 8 32 01 4.8 31 154838.71 0.00% 0 9 18.6 01 4.8 186 258064.52 0.00% 1 1 372 01 4.8 3720 12903.23 0.00% 1 2 186 01 4.8 1860 25806.45 0.00% 1 3 93 01 4.8 930 51613.90 0.00% 1 4 46.5 01 4.8 465 103226.81 0.00% 1 5 23.25 01 4.8 233 206008.58 0.22% 1 6 11.625 01 4.8 116 413793.10 -0.22% 1 7 5.813 01 4.8 58 827586.21 -0.22% SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 52  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 1 8 31 01 4.8 31 154838.71 0.00% 1 9 18.6 01 4.8 186 258064.52 0.00% 2 1 558 01 4.8 5580 8602.15 0.00% 2 2 279 01 4.8 2790 17204.30 0.00% 2 3 139.5 01 4.8 1395 34408.60 0.00% 2 4 69.75 01 4.8 698 68767.91 0.07% 2 5 34.875 01 4.8 349 137535.82 0.07% 2 6 17.438 01 4.8 174 275862.07 -0.22% 2 7 8.719 01 4.8 87 551724.14 -0.22% 2 8 46.5 01 4.8 465 103225.81 0.00% 2 9 27.9 01 4.8 279 172043.01 0.00% 3 1 744 01 4.8 7440 6451.61 0.00% 3 2 372 01 4.8 3720 12903.23 0.00% 3 3 186 01 4.8 1860 25806.45 0.00% 3 4 93 01 4.8 930 51612.90 0.00% 3 5 46.5 01 4.8 465 103225.81 0.00% 3 6 23.25 01 4.8 233 206008.58 0.22% 3 7 11.625 01 4.8 116 413793.10 0.22% 3 8 62 01 4.8 620 77419.35 0.00% 3 9 37.2 01 4.8 372 129032.26 0.00% 4 1 1116 01 4.8 11160 4301.08 0.00% 4 2 558 01 4.8 5580 8602.15 0.00% 4 3 279 01 4.8 2790 17204.30 0.00% 4 4 139.5 01 4.8 1395 34408.60 0.07% 4 5 69.75 01 4.8 698 68767.91 0.07% 4 6 34.875 01 4.8 349 137535.82 0.07% 4 7 17.438 01 4.8 174 275862.07 -0.22% 4 8 93 01 4.8 930 51612.90 0.00% 4 9 55.8 01 4.8 558 86021.51 0.00% 5 1 1488 01 4.8 14880 3225.81 0.00% 5 2 744 01 4.8 7440 6451.61 0.00% 5 3 372 01 4.8 3720 12903.23 0.00% 5 4 186 01 4.8 1860 25806.45 0.00% 5 5 93 01 4.8 930 51612.90 0.00% 5 6 46.5 01 4.8 465 103225.81 0.00% 5 7 23.25 01 4.8 233 206008.58 0.22% 5 8 124 01 4.8 1240 38709.68 0.00% 5 9 74.4 01 4.8 744 64516.13 0.00% 6 1 1860 01 4.8 18600 2580.65 0.00% 6 2 930 01 4.8 9300 5161.29 0.00% 6 3 465 01 4.8 4650 10322.58 0.00% 6 4 232.5 01 4.8 2325 20645.16 0.00% 6 5 116.25 01 4.8 1163 41272.57 0.04% TABLE 10-2: RECOMMENDED SETTINGS FOR VALID TA1 ETU RATES (CONTINUED) FI (DEC) DI (DEC) FI/DI (REAL) SAMPLING FIELD (BINARY) SCLK (ACTUAL) MHZ DL DIVISOR VALUE (DECIMAL) BAUD RATE (BITS/SEC) BIT ERROR (%)  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 53 SEC1110/SEC1210 6 6 58.125 01 4.8 581 82616.18 -0.04% 6 7 29.063 01 4.8 291 164948.45 -0.13% 6 8 155 01 4.8 1550 30967.74 0.00% 6 9 93 01 4.8 930 51612.90 0.00% 9 1 512 01 4.8 5120 9375.00 0.00% 9 2 256 01 4.8 2560 18750.00 0.00% 9 3 128 01 4.8 1280 37500.00 0.00% 9 4 64 01 4.8 640 75000.00 0.00% 9 5 32 01 4.8 320 150000.00 0.00% 9 6 16 01 4.8 160 300000.00 0.00% 9 7 8 01 4.8 80 600000.00 0.00% 9 8 42.667 01 4.8 427 112412.18 0.08% 9 9 25.6 01 4.8 256 187500.00 0.00% 10 1 768 01 4.8 7680 6250.00 0.00% 10 2 384 01 4.8 3840 12500.00 0.00% 10 3 192 01 4.8 1920 25000.00 0.00% 10 4 96 01 4.8 960 50000.00 0.00% 10 5 48 01 4.8 480 100000.00 0.00% 10 6 24 01 4.8 240 200000.00 0.00 10 7 12 01 4.8 120 400000.00 0.00 10 8 64 01 4.8 640 75000.00 0.00% 10 9 38.4 01 4.8 384 125000.00 0.00% 11 1 1024 01 4.8 4688 4687.50 0.00% 11 2 512 01 4.8 9375 9375 0.00% 11 3 256 01 4.8 18750 18750 0.00% 11 4 128 01 4.8 37500 37500 0.00% 11 5 64 01 4.8 75000 75000 0.00% 11 6 32 01 4.8 150000 150000 0.00% 11 7 16 01 4.8 300000 300000 0.00% 11 8 85.333 01 4.8 56250 56271.98 0.04% 11 9 51.2 01 4.8 93750 93750 0.00% 12 1 1536 01 4.8 15360 3125.00 0.00% 12 2 768 01 4.8 7680 6250.00 0.00% 12 3 384 01 4.8 3840 12500.00 0.00% 12 4 192 01 4.8 1920 25000.00 0.00% 12 5 96 01 4.8 960 50000.00 0.00% 12 6 48 01 4.8 480 100000.00 0.00% 12 7 24 01 4.8 240 200000.00 0.00% 12 8 128 01 4.8 1280 37500.00 0.00% 12 9 76.8 01 4.8 768 62500.00 0.00% 13 1 2048 01 4.8 20480 2343.75 0.00% 13 2 1024 01 4.8 10240 4687.50 0.00% 13 3 512 01 4.8 5120 9375.00 0.00% TABLE 10-2: RECOMMENDED SETTINGS FOR VALID TA1 ETU RATES (CONTINUED) FI (DEC) DI (DEC) FI/DI (REAL) SAMPLING FIELD (BINARY) SCLK (ACTUAL) MHZ DL DIVISOR VALUE (DECIMAL) BAUD RATE (BITS/SEC) BIT ERROR (%) SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 54  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Note 10-1 Some of the test equipment are not capable of operating with non-integer values of Fi/Di ratios. 10.6 16-bit General Purpose Counter A 16-bit general-purpose down counter is located in the SC_DCL and SC_DCM register pair. Writing to these registers stores the preload value for the counter. Reading these registers will yield the current count value. Once the counter is enabled and begins counting, it will continue counting down either until it reaches 0000h or until a new preload value is written to the counter. At 0000h the counter wraps around to FFFFh and will generate the General Purpose Down Counter Interrupt. The counter is clocked by a 10 kHz clock input (i.e., 100 sec/lsb) derived from the system clock. The counter loads the stored preload value and begins counting when the Counter Enable bit is set to 1. On a POR or when the Counter Interrupt Enable bit is cleared to 0, the preload value used by the counter is initialized to FFFFh. Setting the Counter Enable bit to 1 loads the current preload value. This allows software to write the preload value before enabling the counter. Therefore, when this enable bit is set to 1 the counter begins counting down from the preload value, which will be either the default preload value (FFFFh) or a programmed preload value. The Counter Enable bit is located in the LCR Register. To write the Pre-load value: If the counter is disabled, the SC_DCL and SC_DCM registers may be written in any order. If the counter is enabled, write the LSB first into the SC_DCL Register. Writing the MSB into the SC_DCM Register loads the pre-load value into the counter and resets the divider used to scale the clock. The counter, if enabled, begins counting down as soon as the preload value is loaded into the register and the clock is re-initialized. To read the Count value: Read the LSB first from the SC_DCL Register. Reading the SC_DCL Register latches the MSB of the count value into the SC_DCM Register. 10.7 T=1 Operation In T=1 Mode, a transmission is immediately followed by received data. Therefore, when the Receiver is newly enabled (see the FCR Register), this is interpreted as meaning that the Receiver will begin accepting data only when transmission is finished. According to the various standards, the card is supposed to have a minimum turnaround delay before it starts transmitting data, but in practice the controller does not rely on that, and will accept data as soon as the last character has been transmitted. 10.7.1 OPERATION OF TIMERS IN T=1 MODE Transactions between the controller and a Smart Card are performed in an exchange of data: the controller transmits a command, and the Smart Card must respond. Because the Smart Card is allowed to respond very quickly after receiving the last byte of the command, the timers must be set up before the command is sent, and software cannot interact with the exchange until the response has been received, or a timeout has occurred. Both of these events trigger an interrupt. 13 4 256 01 4.8 2560 18750.00 0.00% 13 5 128 01 4.8 1280 37500.00 0.00% 13 6 64 01 4.8 640 7500.00 0.00% 13 7 32 01 4.8 320 150000.00 0.00% 13 8 170.667 01 4.8 1707 28119.51 0.02% 13 9 102.4 01 4.8 1024 46875.00 0.00% TABLE 10-2: RECOMMENDED SETTINGS FOR VALID TA1 ETU RATES (CONTINUED) FI (DEC) DI (DEC) FI/DI (REAL) SAMPLING FIELD (BINARY) SCLK (ACTUAL) MHZ DL DIVISOR VALUE (DECIMAL) BAUD RATE (BITS/SEC) BIT ERROR (%)  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 55 SEC1110/SEC1210 In FIGURE 10-5: on page 55, T=1 Exchange, the sequence of events is shown in the exchange of data with the Smart Card. The operation of the controller at points A, B, C, D and E is described in the sections below. 10.7.1.1 Setup Before First T=1 Transmission • Software directly pre-loads the Guard Timer SC_BGT Reload Register with a value based on the BGT parameter from the ATR message. The Guard Timer resolution is one etu. • Software loads the Guard Timer SC_EGT Reload Register with a value based on the current EGT. • Software enables the Guard Timer, which is used to inhibit transmission until it underflows. • The initial state of the Guard Timer is waiting for a transmitted character for EGT timing. Therefore, the first time it is enabled, the first BGT value must be ensured by software using different means prior to progressing to point A. 10.7.1.2 Point A: Software Initiates Exchange • Software writes the entire message to be transmitted into the SC_FIFO. • Software writes the value 0x02 to the SC_FIFO Threshold Register, to get an interrupt when three bytes have been received in response. • Software loads the Timeout Timer with the current BWT value, in units of 1.25 milliseconds. • Software loads the CWT Timer with a value based on the current CWT value, and enables the CWT timer. • Software enables both the Transmitter and the Receiver. Transmission begins after any delay imposed by the Guard Time, proceeding to point B. • Software waits for interrupts occurring at point E. 10.7.1.3 Point B: Transmission Begins • The first character is fetched from FIFO. • Transmission of the first character begins. • At each transmitted character, the Guard Timer reloads from its SC_EGT Reload Register (EGT value). • At the end of each character, after the 1 etu of mandatory guard time, the Guard Timer counts down, and it inhibits transmission until it underflows. On underflow, the Guard Timer permits transmission and stops. • Characters will be fetched from the FIFO and are held until the EGT value from the Guard Timer expires. • When the SC_FIFO becomes empty of characters to be transmitted, the SEC1110 and SEC1210 will immediately disable the Transmitter (clearing the FTE bit in the SC_FCR Register), and will transition to the receive phase of the exchange. FIGURE 10-5: T=1 EVENTS TERMINAL SIDE CARD SIDE T = 1 Protocol, Sequence of Events A B C SCx_IO D E Command Response CWT: no underrun BGT min BGT min, BWT max CWT+4: max. char. spacing Character min. Guard times are guaranteed on transmit and monitored on receipt. EGT: as demanded by card SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 56  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.7.1.4 Point C: Preparation for Reception When the entire Transmit message has been sent, the Timeout Timer begins monitoring for the first received character. When it is received, the Timeout Timer stops and does nothing else until software re-enables it. If instead the Timeout Timer underflows (at the BWT time), it stops, disables the Receiver (by clearing the FRE bit in the SC_FCR Register) and presents the TMO Interrupt. In a second Mode of operation (WTX), the Timeout Timer will continue running and posting interrupts, for counting down (in software) the number of underflows of this timer before detecting an error. In this Mode, the underflow simply reloads and continues, posting the interrupt, but it does not automatically disable the Receiver. When the appropriate number of underflows has occurred, the software will place the timer back into BWT Mode, and it will then interrupt, stop, and disable the Receiver if it underflows again. 10.7.1.5 Point D: Message Being Received At the first received start bit, the CWT Timer begins operation. This timer counts in units of etu. It has been loaded by software, before transmission, with the maximum distance between received characters. The value also includes the tolerance value (4 or 5 etu) which is required by the EMV standard. This timer is reloaded, and retriggered, on receipt of each character. If it elapses, it stops, clears the FRE bit to disable the Receiver to the SC_FIFO, and posts the CWT Interrupt request. After the first three bytes have been received, the FIFO Threshold Interrupt is posted. Software reads three bytes from the SC_FIFO, and interprets them to determine the remaining length of the response from the card. Software re-sets the FIFO Threshold to the expected number of bytes, minus 1. 10.7.1.6 Point E: End of Message The end of a message will be detected either by software, seeing the FIFO Threshold Interrupt, or by the CWT Timer Interrupt if not enough characters come in. (The CWT Timer event will also set the Threshold Interrupt automatically.) If too many characters are received, software will detect this from extra bytes in the SC_FIFO. If enough characters are received that the SC_FIFO overflows, the OE Interrupt is set. Both the OE and CWT Timer event disable the Receiver from placing any more characters into the SC_FIFO, by clearing the FRE bit in the FIFO Control Register. 10.8 T=0 Operation The T=0 protocol is highly interactive, and there is no timeout constraint placed on the controller side. For this Mode, to support high bit rates, there are timer interactions defined for this Mode, and a pair of state machines to filter incoming data. In T=0 Mode, unless ATR Mode is also specified, a transmission is immediately followed by received data. Therefore, when in T=0 Mode and not ATR Mode, and the Receiver is newly enabled (see the SC_FCR Register), this is interpreted as meaning that the Receiver will begin accepting data only when transmission is finished. According to the various standards, the card is supposed to have a minimum turnaround delay before it starts transmitting data, but in practice the controller does not rely on that, and will accept data as soon as the last character has been transmitted. T=0 protocol commands specify the length of the expected response from the card. Therefore, software can be interrupted once by the FIFO Threshold Interrupt, when the entire expected message has been received, or when it has been ended prematurely by the card (Timeout Timer [WWT] error, EOM Interrupt for early SW1/SW2 presentation, or Parity error). 10.8.1 T=0 TIMER OPERATION In T=0 Mode, the Guard Timer will be used to ensure the DGT requirement (turnaround Guard Time) when beginning transmission, and to insert the Extra Guard Time (EGT) delay between characters. DGT and EGT are not monitored when receiving from the card. As when beginning T=1 Mode, the Guard Timer is not effective until at least one character has been transmitted or received. Therefore, when software enables the Guard Timer for the first time, it must ensure by other means that the DGT Guard Time has elapsed before enabling the Transmitter. In T=0 Mode, the Timeout Timer will be used to monitor the card’s performance relative to WWT, which defines both the maximum allowed turn-around time in a card’s response, and the maximum allowed spacing between characters while the card is transmitting. In this Mode, the Timeout Timer will start on the last transmitted character, will reload and continue on each received character, but will post an interrupt, disable the Receiver and stop if it underflows.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 57 SEC1110/SEC1210 The minimum character Guard Time (2 etu) on transmission will be ensured by the fact that T=0 Mode is selected in the Protocol Mode Register. On transmission, the guard period will be monitored only for a Parity Error response from the Smart Card, and not for any other form of interference. 10.9 T=0 Byte Filtering There is a new consideration regarding FIFO space. The Smart Card may insert NULL characters at various points in the communication, whose purpose is to reset the Timeout Timer (being used for WWT). Also, there are an unpredictable number of INS bytes, which signal when a card is prepared to transfer only one byte instead of the whole remaining block. A pair of state machines are provided to filter out these extra bytes in a T=0 exchange, thus ensuring that no valid exchange will ever overflow the SC_FIFO. Both state machines filter only bytes that are being received from the card, but they are called Incoming and Outgoing based on the nature of the command being executed. The direction is defined relative to the card, so that Outgoing means reading data out of the card, and Incoming means writing data into the card. The special procedure bytes are those bytes sent by the card that are not data. These are: • NULL, encoded as 0x60, which is used as padding to reset the WWT timing monitor • SW1, encoded as 0x61-0x6F and 0x90-0x9F. This is the first byte of status, which flags the end of a transfer. It is always followed by one byte, SW2, which completes the status indication and is the last byte of the transaction. • INS and INS are used as flags, and represent a true (INS) and complemented (INS) echo of the Instruction byte (sent by the terminal) that is being executed by the card. The encodings of INS and INS are such that they can never be confused with NULL or SW1. 10.9.1 T=0 OUTGOING BYTE FILTER The first (outgoing) state machine is used when a command is being issued that reads data from the card. In this scenario, the card responds on receipt of the command, and it does not stop transmitting until the entire requested block of data has been transferred. The format of this response is variable depending on the card’s performance. The Outgoing state machine, then, filters out the variable portions of this response, leaving only the outgoing data and status, which will be of a predictable maximum size of 258 bytes (256 bytes of information data plus the status bytes SW1 and SW2). If the firmware requires a maximum packet size greater than 258 bytes (CCID firmware needs 259), then firmware can split the packet. To operate this filter, software specifies in the register set the number of data bytes it intends to read from the Smart Card, and the INS byte value that it intends to send. It then enables the state machine with the dedicated Enable bit (OSME, in the Protocol Mode Register), and transmits its command. When the transmission is completed (as determined by the Message Length Register used for transmission), the state machine becomes active. As the card responds, any NULL characters at appropriate places are detected and discarded, and all INS and INS procedure bytes are discarded, leaving only the data bytes and the two status bytes (SW1 and SW2) to be placed into the SC_FIFO. A typical sequence of events for a T=0 outgoing exchange is shown in the figure below. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 58  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. A state diagram for the Outgoing Byte Filter is shown in FIGURE 10-6: on page 58. It accepts from software: • A 9-bit count of the number of data bytes expected from the card, initialized by software to be in the range of 1 to 256 (00h written by software to the 8-bit SC_FLL Register sets the count to 256, not zero). This number of data bytes are collected and placed into the FIFO, followed by the SW1 and SW2 bytes, for a total of 258 bytes maximum. • The INS byte being sent to the card. This defines the encodings of the INS and INS procedure bytes. • An enable bit (OSME, in the Protocol Mode Register) for this specific state machine. When the Enable bit is turned on, the state machine will wait for the Transmitter to finish transmitting the command to the card, then it will start filtering the response. When the state machine detects the end of a message, or a fatal error in communication, it activates the EOM Interrupt (End of Message), and disables the Receiver. If it is terminating communication because of an error in encoding, it will also set the CV (Code Violation) error status bit. If the Timeout Timer (measuring WWT) underflows during a received message, it will also disable the Receiver and stop the state machine. The EOM Interrupt will be posted in this case, and also the TMO Interrupt from the Timeout Timer itself. As characters are received, the least-significant 8 bits of count may be examined by reading the SC_FLL Register. The value 00h, which might mean 0 or 256, can be interpreted by looking at the FIFO count to determine whether any characters have been received. FIGURE 10-6: OUTGOING T=0 COMMAND SEQUENCE TERMINAL SIDE CARD SIDE T=0 Protocol, Sequence of Events (Outgoing Data from Card) SCx_IO Command Response DGT min, no max DGT min, WWT max (DGT not enforced) WWT: max. char. spacing End of Message determined by presence of SW1/SW2 Character min. Guard Times are guaranteed on transmit and monitored on receipt. EGT: as demanded by card SW1, SW2 DGT min, no max The Response block consists of: ~INS followed by one data byte, repeated as desired by the card INS followed by the rest of the requested data SW1 followed by SW2, flagging the end of the response NULL(s) appearing before any INS, ~INS or SW1 byte NULL(s), INS or ~INS appearing after all data and before SW1.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 59 SEC1110/SEC1210 10.9.2 T=0 INCOMING BYTE FILTER This state machine is active when a command is being executed that writes data into the card. In spite of this, the bytes being filtered are only the responses that are coming from the card. When the controller is intending to transmit data, the state machine is simpler, because there are fewer ways that the Smart Card can respond. The command is executed in multiple exchanges between the controller and the card, and as far as the controller hardware is concerned, each of these (starting with transmission of a 5-byte command header from the controller) is an independent exchange. See Figure 10-8 for an example of an T=0 incoming command sequence. A state diagram for the Incoming Byte Filter is shown in FIGURE 10-9: on page 61. FIGURE 10-7: T=0 OUTGOING BYTE FILTER STATE DIAGRAM INS (8 bits) Last Character Transmitted (Turnaround) and ENABLE == 1 IDLE S/W INPUTS: COUNT (9 bits) ENABLE (1 bit) Note: COUNT is modified by this state machine. It is specified by software as an 8-bit value with hex '00' meaning 256 rather than zero. This state machine will not be activated for counts of 0; the Incoming Filter will be used instead. Awaiting Procedure Byte Collect 1 Data Collect Multiple Data Awaiting SW2 NULL (INS || ~INS) && (COUNT == 0) WWT Violation / WWT Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver (Any Character) && (COUNT > 1) / COUNT--; FIFO Else / CV Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver IDLE IDLE IDLE IDLE Any Char / EOM; Disable Receiver WWT Violation / WWT Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver WWT Violation / WWT Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver SW1 && (COUNT == 0) / FIFO (~INS) && (COUNT > 0) IDLE WWT Violation / WWT Flag; EOM; Disable (Any Character) && Receiver (COUNT > 0) / COUNT--; FIFO IDLE Else / CV Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver Else / CV Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver IDLE Else / CV Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver INS && (COUNT > 0) (Any Character) && (COUNT == 1) / COUNT--; FIFO SW1 && (COUNT > 0) / FIFO SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 60  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. When expecting an INS or INS response, this filter will remove only initial NULL bytes from the Smart Card’s responses, leaving the INS or INS response byte in the FIFO for software to interpret. When expecting an SW1 byte (when the count of data to be transferred is zero), any initial NULL, INS or INS byte is discarded. Software must provide a valid Count value, along with INS and the Enable bit (ISME, in the Protocol Mode Register), for each Transmit/Receive exchange of information in the command sequence. The Incoming byte filter does not interpret the Count in the same way as the Outgoing byte filter. For the Incoming byte filter, a value of 00h provided by software in the SC_FLL Register actually means zero, and the maximum valid count value is 254 for T=0 Incoming traffic. The SC_FLL Register is not changed except by software, so there is no ambiguity in values as there is when software reads the SC_FLL Register under the Outgoing filter. FIGURE 10-8: INCOMING T=0 COMMAND SEQUENCE EXAMPLE TERMINAL SIDE CARD SIDE T = 0 Protocol, Sequence of Events (Incoming Data to Card) SCx_IO Command DGT min, no max DGT min, WWT max (DGT not enforced) WWT: max. char. spacing End of Message is determined by appearance of SW1 Character min. Guard Times are guaranteed on transmit and monitored on receipt. EGT: As demanded by card. No max. 1 byte data INS Rest of Data SW1, SW2 DGT min, no max DGT min, no max EGT: As demanded by card. No max. DGT min, no max ... Command Format CLA INS P1 P2 P3 Length DGT min, WWT max (DGT not enforced) DGT min, WWT max (DGT not enforced) NULL characters may appear from card before any INS, INS or SW1 bytes. If present, the interval between them may be no more than WWT. Defines INS, INS above INS  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 61 SEC1110/SEC1210 FIGURE 10-9: T=0 INCOMING BYTE FILTER STATE DIAGRAM Awaiting Response IDLE NULL Awaiting SW2 S/W INPUTS: ENABLE (1 bit) WWT Violation / WWT Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver Any Character / FIFO; EOM; Disable Receiver INS || ~INS / FIFO; Disable Receiver SW1 / FIFO COUNT (9 bits) Awaiting Final Response (End Transmission) && (Count == 0) && (ENABLE == 1) NULL || INS || ~INS Other Data / FIFO; SW1 / FIFO CV Flag; End of Message INS (8 bits) Note: COUNT is not decremented by this state machine. Effectively, COUNT is only a mode flag, provided by software. Software provides non-zero here unless SW1 is expected. If it is 0, INS and ~INS are also discarded, as well as NULL. If SW1 occurs when it is not expected (COUNT>0), then it and SW2 are both received. Software must parse the SW1 byte to determine that it expects an SW2 byte from the FIFO. (End Transmission) && (Count > 0) && (ENABLE == 1) IDLE WWT Violation / WWT Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver WWT Violation / WWT Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver IDLE IDLE Other Data / CV Flag; EOM; Disable Receiver SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 62  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.9.3 ATR RECEPTION The Answer to Reset (ATR) sequence is a series of bytes sent by the Smart Card in response to the Reset signal from the controller. Certain timers and specialized circuitry are used in receiving the ATR information. FIGURE 10-10: ATR SEQUENCE, COLD RESET FIGURE 10-11: ATR SEQUENCE, WARM RESET TERMINAL SIDE CARD SIDE Answer to Reset (ATR): Sequence of Events Cold Reset SCx_IO TS Guard Timer (EGT Reload) max Guard Timer (BGT Reload) defines duration CWT Timer max SCx_RST_N . . . . . . T0 TAi, TBi, TCi, TDi, HIST . . . TCK SCx_CLK CWT Timer max CWT Timer max CWT Timer max (Running) CWT Timer signals end, disables receiver SCx_VCC TERMINAL SIDE CARD SIDE Answer to Reset (ATR): Sequence of Events Warm Reset SCx_IO TS Guard Timer (EGT Reload) max Guard Timer (BGT Reload) defines duration CWT Timer max SCx_RST_N . . . . . . T0 TAi, TBi, TCi, TDi, HIST . . . TCK SCx_CLK CWT Timer max CWT Timer max CWT Timer max (Running) CWT Timer signals end, disables receiver SCx_VCC  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 63 SEC1110/SEC1210 To anticipate the ATR sequence, the controller is placed by software into a special Mode called ATR. In the ATR Mode, two of the timers are in a special Mode to validate the timing of the sequence. Figure 10-10 shows the sequence of events in a Cold Reset, where power has been removed from the card. Figure 10-11 shows the sequence of events in a Warm Reset, where power is maintained, but a new SCx_RST_N pulse is applied to reset the card. In preparing for the ATR sequence, the software must establish the default etu time: the equivalent of TA1=0x11, or 372 periods of the selected SCx_CLK frequency. At the beginning of the sequence, the two reload registers of the Guard Timer determine the duration of the Reset pulse and measure the response time from the Smart Card to enforce a valid delay. After the first character, the CWT Timer starts, and counts the maximum amount of time the card is allowed to spend between characters. When the CWT Timer expires, an interrupt (CWT) is sent to the software, which can then read the message from the SC_FIFO. This event will also set the FIFO Threshold Interrupt active. Software will be able to parse the message and determine whether it is complete. Software may, rather than using the CWT Timer for this purpose, set thresholds for the SC_FIFO such that it is periodically interrupted either by the individual characters or by larger expected fields. The CWT Timer will still be useful as an error indication. The first byte (TS) is interpreted by hardware. One of two values is allowed, which from that point onward determines the convention used by the card. The possible conventions used are listed below. L means a bit time with the SCx_IO pin held low, and H means a bit time with the SCx_IO pin held high. • Direct Convention, which is signaled by the TS bit sequence LHHLHHHLLHHH. In this convention, bits of a character are sent least-significant bit first, 0 bits in the data field are represented by the Low state, and a true Even parity is used. The first byte will always appear in the SC_FIFO, in Direct/Indirect convention as was seen on the SCx_IO pin. Subsequent bytes will be decoded as per the convention and loaded into the SC_FIFO. The first byte will appear as 0x3B in the SC_FIFO in Direct convention. • Inverse Convention, which is signalled by the TS bit sequence LHHLLLLLLHHH. In this convention, bits of a character are sent most-significant bit first, 0 bits in the data field are represented by the High state, and an inverted Even parity bit is used (appearing as a parity error to any circuit reading it according to the Direct convention). This byte will appear as 0x03 in the SC_FIFO. • The Direct or Inverse Convention will be selected automatically by hardware after receiving the TS byte after a rising edge on the SCx_RST_N signal. This setting will be reported in the TSM bit of the Protocol Status Register, and will be used to interpret all characters until the next SCx_RST_N pulse. If any TS value other than the two above is seen, the Receiver will be disabled, and the CV bit (Code Violation) will be set in the PRIP Register to indicate the error. If a FIFO threshold larger than one byte was selected, the eventual CWT Timer Interrupt will both set the FIFO Threshold Interrupt and alert the software to look at the error flag. While power is not applied to the card, the terminal is required to hold the SCx_RST_N, SCx_CLK and SCx_IO pins low (not floating). When power is first applied to the card (a Cold Reset, shown in FIGURE 10-10: ATR Sequence, Cold Reset on page 62), the SCx_RST_N pin must be held low until SCx_CLK begins running. SCx_IO must rise to its idle state (high) after power has been applied, and no later than 200 cycles of SCx_CLK. The SCx_RST_N pin must then be set high between 108 and 120 default etu times after the clock starts. When the card has already been initialized from a Cold Reset, it may be reset without removing power (Warm Reset, as shown in FIGURE 10-11: ATR Sequence, Warm Reset on page 62). In this case, the clock keeps running, SCx_IO should remain high, and the time range of 108 to 120 default etu times applies to the width of the SCx_RST_N pulse. 10.9.4 GUARD TIME ALGORITHM A special case occurs under some circumstances, in which software thinks that an exchange is finished, but the card does not, and keeps transmitting characters. One such case is when a parity error occurs in a T=1 message. The SC_FIFO stops receiving characters after the faulty one (for diagnostic purposes, to indicate the character with the error), and signals to software an End of Message with an error. In this circumstance, it is necessary that any transmission commanded by the software (e.g., the packet complaining about the parity error) must wait until the card is finished transmitting. However, if the card is misbehaving and does not stop transmitting, then software must be informed of this error so that the card can be deactivated. The Guard Time algorithm hardware serves both of these purposes. A specific error flag is provided (TF), and a timing register (GSR), to support this feature. The feature is not optional, and so it cannot be disabled. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 64  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The Guard Spacing Register (GSR) is programmed by software with the expected maximum spacing between received characters in units of etus, including Extra Guard Time EGT. (This is required in a separate register by the implementation). The value in the GSR is interpreted as a maximum amount of time allowed from start bit to start bit, and so it must be at least 12 etus. As each new character is received within this window, an internal counter (CPT) is decremented once. This counter restarts, starting from the maximum legal number of characters in a packet (258 for T=0, 259 for T=1) as soon as characters start being received in an exchange, regardless of whether the Receiver remains enabled or not, and regardless of errors. The CPT counter reloads and stops when no character is received within the GSR window. If software attempts to transmit while this counter is still active, the transmission is inhibited and held pending. If, however, while a transmission is pending, the CPT count underflows, then the transmission is abandoned, and the TF error (Transmit Failure) is posted, which is an interrupt. See Figure 10-12 for this case. Note that, in T=0 Mode, the Incoming or Outgoing filter remains applied as selected, so that any procedure bytes (NUL, INS, and INS) are not counted. If there is no such error, then, after the vacant window time has passed, the Transmitter waits for the Designated Guard Time amount (DGT or BGT) and begins transmitting. See FIGURE 10-13: Guard Time Algorithm, No Error, Transmit Held on page 65 for this case. FIGURE 10-12: GUARD TIME ALGORITHM WITH ERROR, TRANSMIT ABANDONED . . . Last Expected 1st Unexpected 2nd Unexpected Last Legal 1st Illegal FRE FTE LSR bit 5 Error: Transmit attempted and Card has been transmitting too long. All durations within limit Interrupt posted SCx_IO Count Violated Limit = GSR register at offset 0x001B SW attempts new exchange, Transmitter waits SW reads LSR  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 65 SEC1110/SEC1210 10.9.5 CARD POWER FOR SMART CARD INTERFACE The pins on this interface are powered by SCx_VCC. If the Smart Card interface is not used, the SCx_VCC can be used to implement variable voltage GPIOs. The control for the regulator is in the CLK_PWR block. The power to the Smart Card should not be turned on till a card is detected. When there is no card present, enable the synchronous Smart Card interface, turn all the bits to inputs, and enable the pull-down resistors. This will ensure that the output signals are held at ground. Once a card is detected, enable the power first, wait at least 1 mS, then enable the asynchronous or synchronous interface as necessary. FIGURE 10-13: GUARD TIME ALGORITHM, NO ERROR, TRANSMIT HELD . . . Last Expected 1st Unexpected 2nd Unexpected FRE FTE LSR bit 5 Most Normal Case: early cut-off (e.g., T=1 Parity Error). Transmitted response is delayed until Card is idle. Durations within limit SCx_IO GSR Limit = from GSR (Guard Spacing Register) at location 0x001B SW requests new exchange Last Unexpected (Legal count) 1st Transmitted GSR Limit BGT reg Line detected idle; Guard Time pause begins Error or SW: stops receiving SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 66  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.9.6 LED CONTROL FOR SMART CARD INTERFACE The Smart Card LED can be driven in one of three ways. It can be driven directly by the Smart Card IP in asynchronous Mode. This Mode is selected by selecting the GPIO5 to be Auxiliary Port A Mode (SC_LED_ACT_N bit in the GPIO block). When running in synchronous Mode firmware must control the LED directly by controlling SC_LEDC Register. The LED can either be set to blink automatically, or run under full manual control. Blinking is controlled by the LED1_GPIO1_CTL. Alternatively, the firmware can set the GPIO5 to be in GPIO Mode, and can control the LED directly by writing to GPIO_POR0_OUT bit 5. Full manual is done by controlling the register directly. FIGURE 10-14: SMART CARD POWER-UP High (Pull up) Reset deasserted SCx Module Enabled Software assert pull up on SCx_PRSNT_N Card insertion detected SCx_VCC turned on Interface enabled Hi Z 1 ms Power Stable Interface active SCx_VCC SCx_PRSNT_N RESET_N Interface Idle (Pull Down) Smart Card Interface Hi Z Software sets INF_IDLE_CTL_EN SCx_IO Pad Input Enabled Software Control  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 67 SEC1110/SEC1210 10.9.7 ENABLING THE SYNCHRONOUS SMART CARD INTERFACE The synchronous interface is enabled through the Control Register in the Wrapper Block. 10.10 Register Map The Smart Card Controller Register offsets to the base addresses are defined below. TABLE 10-3: SMART CARD MEMORY MAP (0X9000-0X93FF) SMART CARD CONTROL REGISTER ADDRESS NAME DESCRIPTION 0x9000-0x90FF Smart Card 1 registers Base address of Smart Card 1 registers. The register offsets from this base address are defined in Table 10-5 on page 68. 0x9100-0x92FF Smart Card SC_FIFO Common SC_FIFO for Smart Card 1 and 2. The SC1_SC_FIFO_DIS bit in the SC_CTL Register controls which of the Smart Card controllers are using the SC_FIFO. In the SEC1110, the SC_FIFO is controlled only by Smart Card 1 controller. 0x9300-0x90FF Smart Card 2 Registers Base address of Smart Card 2 registers. The register offsets from this base address are defined in Table 10-5, “Smart Card Control Register,” on page 68. TABLE 10-4: SMART CARD1, 2 CONTROLLER REGISTERS OFFSET ADDRESS NAME R/W DESCRIPTION PAGE 0x0000 SC_TBR_RBR R/W 8 bit FIFO Data 74 0x0001 SC_IEN R/W Interrupt enable 74 0x0002 SC_INT_ID R Interrupt ID 75 0x0003 SC_LCR R/W Line control 76 0x0004 SC_INTF_MON R/W Interface Monitor 77 0x0005 SC_LSR R Line status 78 0x0006 SC_BMC R/W Block Master Control 78 0x0007 SC_ICR R/W Interface Control 79 0x0008~ 0x000B SC_DATA R/W 32 bit FIFO Data 79 0x000C SC_PRS R/W Protocol Status 80 0x000D SC_PRIP R/W Protocol/Timer Interrupts Pending 80 0x000E SC_PRIE R/W Protocol/Timer Interrupts Enables 81 0x000F SC_TMS R Timer Status 82 0x0010~ 0x0011 SC_DLL/SC_DLM R/W Baud Rate Divisor 82 0x0012 SC_FCR R/W FIFO Control 82 0x0013~ 0x0015 SC_TOL/SC_TOM R/W Timeout Timer 83 0x0016 ~ 0x0017 SC_DCL/SC_DCM R/W Down Counter 84 0x0018 ~ 0x0019 SC_CWTL/SC_CWTM R/W CWT Timer reload value 84 0x001B SC_GSR_MSB R/W Guard Algorithm Spacing Register 84 0x001C SC_EGT R/W Guard Timer Reload A 85 0x001D SC_BGT R/W Guard Timer Reload B 85 0x001E SC_PRM R/W Protocol Mode 86 0x001F SC_TCTL R/W Timer Control 86 0x0025 SC_CLK_DIV R/W Frequency control 87 0x0026 SC_CFG R/W SC Configuration 87 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 68  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.11 Smart Card Wrapper Control Registers 0x0027 SC_LEDC R/W LED Control 88 0x0028~ 0x0029 SC_FTHL/SC_FTHM R/W FIFO Threshold 88 0x002A~ 0x002B SC_FCL/SC_FCM R Number of bytes in FIFO 89 0x002C SC_FLL R/W Filter Length 89 0x002D SC_FINS R/W Filter INS Byte 90 0x0030 ~ 0x0035 SC_TEST3 R/W Test Registers 91 0x0080 SC_CTL R/W SC Control Register 68 0x0081 PAD_CTL_SC R/W Pad current control 69 0x0090 SC_Sync_RST R/W Synchronous Mode Reset 69 0x0094 SC_Sync_CLK R/W Synchronous Mode Clock 70 0x0098 SC_Sync_FCB R/W Synchronous Mode FCB 70 0x009C SC_Sync_SPU R/W Synchronous Mode SPU 71 0x00A0 SC_Sync_IO R/W Synchronous Mode Data 72 0x00A4 SC_Sync_ALL R/W Synchronous Mode ALL 72 TABLE 10-5: SMART CARD CONTROL REGISTER SC_CTL (0X0080- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD CONTROL REGISTER BYTE NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 INTERFACE_ENABLE R/W If the interface is not enabled, the interface pins are tri-stated. 6 INF_IDLE_CTL_EN R/W Enable automatic control of interface idle condition. Setting this bit will automatically drives SCx_CLK, SCx_RST_N, SCx_C4, SCx_C8 pins to logic LOW and SCx_IO pin to a value programmed in INF_IDLE_IO_VAL bit when INTERFACE_ENABLE=0. When INTERFACE_ENABLE=1 all IOs are controlled by the SCC, where the state of the SYNC_MODE_SEL does not matter. 5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4 INF_IDLE_IO_VAL R/W This bit indicates the value to be driven on the SCx_IO line when INF_IDLE_CTL_EN bit is set. This bit is available in SEC1110/SEC1210 3 SC1_SC_FIFO_DIS R/W This bit indicates if Smart Card 1 is using the SC_FIFO. 0: SC1 using SC_FIFO 1: In SEC1210, SC2 is using SC_FIFO. In SEC1110 this bit is a don’t care. 2 SC_SLOW_CLK R/W Must be set when SCx_CLK is running under 10 MHz. This bit is not used in the SEC1110/SEC1210 parts. 1 SC_MODE R/W Forces the pads into a low current Smart Card Mode with increased hysteresis. This applies to all Smart Card pins except SC_CLK. This bit is not used in the SEC1110/SEC1210 parts. 0 SYNC_MODE_SEL R/W Setting this bit put the Smart Card interface into the synchronous Mode. TABLE 10-4: SMART CARD1, 2 CONTROLLER REGISTERS (CONTINUED) OFFSET ADDRESS NAME R/W DESCRIPTION PAGE  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 69 SEC1110/SEC1210 The pads SCx_RST_N, SCx_CLK, SCx_IO, SCx_C4, SCx_C8 are controlled by the SCC block when GPIO[4:0] for Smart Card1 and GPIO[18:16] for Smart Card2 are in GPIO Auxiliary A Mode. The GPIO5 must also be in Auxiliary A Mode to support LED functionality for both Smart Cards. The INF_IDLE_IO_EN, INF_IDLE_IO_VAL bits may be used during Smart card activation and deactivation sequence to ensure SCx_RST_N, SCx_CLK, SCx_IO, SCx_C4, SCx_C8 pins are low even in the presence of external pull-up loads. 10.11.1 AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF IDLE CONDITION ON SMART CARD INTERFACE Smart Card specification requires that the interface signals be held at zero until a card is inserted, power is applied to the card, and the reset sequence is started. The INF_IDLE_CTL_EN bit works in conjunction with the INTERFACE_ENABLE bit to do this. When the interface is in the idle state, (INTERFACE_ENABLE=0), pull-downs are enabled, and the control signals are driven zero. As soon as the interface is enabled, (INTERFACE_ENABLE=1) control of IO pad signals reverts to the Smart Card Controller (SCC). See figure FIGURE 10-14: on page 66. The INF_IDLE_CTL_EN bit asserts the pull-down (67 K) to the Smart Card pads, which may be insufficient to ensure VOL is met in the presence of external pull-up loads. Hence the GPIO mode must be used during the activation and deactivation sequence. 10.12 Synchronous Interface Registers All registers in the Synchronous Interface are byte addressable. This allows the firmware to toggle the output using byte writes without affecting any other register bits. There are five control lines associated with the interface that are controlled by five identical registers. Each of the Synchronous Interface registers consists of two bytes, a low address byte and a high address byte. Note: In SEC1110/SEC1210 version of the chip, the INF_IDLE_CTL_EN bit asserts the pull-down (67 k) to the Smart Card pads, which may be insufficient to ensure Vol is met in the presence of external pull-up loads. Hence the GPIO mode must be used during the activation and deactivation sequence. TABLE 10-6: SMART CARD CURRENT CONTROL REGISTER PAD_CTL_SC (0X0081 - RESET=0X00) PAD CURRENT CONTROL BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1:0 SEL R/W This register is not used. TABLE 10-7: SMART CARD SYNC RST CONTROL REGISTER SC_SYNC_RST (0X0091- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 INPUT_EN R/W 1 : Input is enabled 0 : Input is disabled 4 OUTPUT_EN R/W 1 : Output is enabled 0 : Output is disabled 3 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is Output, the signal is driven low when the data is 0. When the data transitions to 1, it is actively driven high for one clock cycle before being tri-stated. 2 OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is Output, the SCx_RST_N output is driven open drain; 0 are driven, 1 are tri-stated. 1 PULL_UP_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-up to this pin. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 70  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 0 PULL_DN_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-down to this pin. (0X0090- RESET=0X00) 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 RST_IN R This bit reflects the state of the SCx_RST_N pin when select muxes are set to Smart Card Mode and synchronous Mode. 0 RST_OUT R/W This bit reflects the state of the SCx_RST_N pin when select muxes are set to Smart Card Mode and synchronous Mode. Note: In the SEC1110/SEC1210 version, the OPEN_DRAIN bit is not functional. The FAST_OPEN_DRAIN bit can be used instead. This Anomaly 16 is fixed in later versions. TABLE 10-8: SMART CARD SYNC CLK CONTROL REGISTER SC_SYNC_CLK (0X0095- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD SYNC CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 INPUT_EN R/W 1 : Input is enabled 0 : Input is disabled 4 OUTPUT_EN R/W 1 : Output is enabled 0 : Output is disabled 3 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is Output, the signal is driven low when the data is 0. When the data transitions to 1, it is actively driven high for one system clock cycle before being tri-stated. 2 OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is output, the SC_CLK output is driven open drain. 0 are driven, 1 are tri-stated. 1 PULL_UP_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-up to this pin. 0 PULL_DN_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-down to this pin. (0X0094- RESET=0X00) 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 CLK_IN R This bit reflects the state of the SCx_CLK pin when select muxes are set to Smart Card Mode and synchronous Mode. 0 CLK_OUT R/W This bit reflects the state of the SCx_CLK pin when select muxes are set to Smart Card Mode and synchronous Mode. TABLE 10-9: SMART CARD SYNC FCB CONTROL REGISTER SC_SYNC_FCB (0X0099)- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FCB CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 INPUT_EN R/W 1 : Input is enabled 0 : Input is disabled 4 OUTPUT_EN R/W 1 : Output is enabled 0 : Output is disabled TABLE 10-7: SMART CARD SYNC RST CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) SC_SYNC_RST (0X0091- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 71 SEC1110/SEC1210 3 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is output, the signal is driven low when the data is 0. When the data transitions to 1, it is actively driven high for one system clock cycle before being tri-stated. 2 OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is output, the SCx_C4 output is driven open drain; 0 are driven, 1 are tri-stated. 1 PULL_UP_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-up to this pin. 0 PULL_DN_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-down to this pin. (0X0098)- RESET=0X00) 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 FCB_IN R This bit reflects the state of the SCx_C4 pin when select muxes are set to Smart Card Mode. Synchronous or asynchronous Mode does not matter. 0 FCB_OUT R/W This bit reflects the state of the SCx_C4 pin when select muxes are set to Smart synchronous Mode. Synchronous or asynchronous Mode does not matter. TABLE 10-10: SMART CARD SYNC SPU CONTROL REGISTER SC_SYNC_SPU (0X009D- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD SPU CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 INPUT_EN R/W 1 : Input is enabled 0 : Input is disabled 4 OUTPUT_EN R/W 1 : Output is enabled 0 : Output is disabled 3 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is output, the signal is driven low when the data is 0. When the data transitions to 1, it is actively driven high for one system clock cycle before being tri-stated. 2 OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is output, the SCx_C8 output is driven open drain; 0 are driven, 1 are tri-stated. 1 PULL_UP_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-up to the SCx_C8 pin. 0 PULL_DN_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-down to the SCx_C8 pin. (0X009C- RESET=0X00) 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 SPU_IN R This bit reflects the state of the SCx_SPU pin when select muxes are set to Smart Card Mode. Synchronous or asynchronous Mode does not matter. 0 SPU_OUT R/W This bit reflects the state of the SCx_SPU pin when select muxes are set to Smart Card Mode. Synchronous or asynchronous Mode does not matter. TABLE 10-9: SMART CARD SYNC FCB CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) SC_SYNC_FCB (0X0099)- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FCB CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 72  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The SC_SYNC_ALL Register provides parallel control to read and write all of the Smart Card pads at the same time. The bits CARD_RST_CNTL, CARD_CLK_CNTL, CARD_IO_CNTL, CARD_FCB_CNTL, and CARD_SPU_CNTL provide read (and write) access to the respective Synchronous registers IN (and OUT) bits respectively. The Synchronous Register controls for each pad, such as INPUT_EN, OUTPUT_EN, FAST_OPEN_DRAIN, OPEN_DRAIN, PULL_UP, and PULL_DOWN in the respective registers need to be programmed before write access to this register. TABLE 10-11: SMART CARD SYNC IO CONTROL REGISTER SC_SYNC_IO (0X00A1- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD IO CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 INPUT_EN R/W 1 : Input is enabled 0 : Input is disabled 4 OUTPUT_EN R/W 1 : Output is enabled 0 : Output is disabled 3 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is output, the signal is driven low when the data is 0. When the data transitions to 1, it is actively driven high for one system clock cycle before being tri-stated. 2 OPEN_DRAIN R/W If this bit is set, and the Mode is output, the SC_IO output is driven open drain; 0 are driven, 1 are tri-stated. 1 PULL_UP_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-up to this pin. 0 PULL_DN_EN R/W When set, it enables the pull-down to this pin. (0X00A0- RESET=0X00) 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 IO_IN R This bit reflects the state of the SCx_IO pin when select muxes are set to Smart Card Mode as well as synchronous Mode. 0 IO_OUT R/W This bit reflects the state of the SCx_IO pin when select muxes are set to Smart synchronous Mode. Note: The Smart Card 2 interface does not have C4, C8 pins defined. TABLE 10-12: SMART CARD SYNC ALL CONTROL REGISTER SC_SYNC_ALL (0X00A4- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD ALL CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 CARD_SPU_CNTL (CARD_C8_CNTL) R/W A read indicates the status of the SC_SYNC_SPU.SPU_IN bit. A write to this bit writes the SC_SYNC_SPU.SPU_OUT bit. 4 CARD_FCB_CNTL (CARD_C4_CNTL) R/W A read indicates the status of the SC_SYNC_FCB.FCB_IN bit. A write to this bit writes the SC_SYNC_FCB.FCB_OUT bit. 3 CARD_IO_CNTL R/W A read indicates the status of the SC_SYNC_IO.IO_IN bit. A write to this bit writes the SC_SYNC_IO.IO_OUT bit. 2 CARD_CLK_CNTL R/W A read indicates the status of the SC_SYNC_CLK.CLK_IN bit. A write to this bit writes the SC_SYNC_CLK.CLK_OUT bit. 1 CARD_RST_CNTL R/W A read indicates the status of the SC_SYNC_RST.RST_IN bit. A write to this bit writes the SC_SYNC_RST.RST_OUT bit.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 73 SEC1110/SEC1210 10.12.1 SYNCHRONOUS INTERFACE OUTPUT The timing diagram shows how the output behaves under different register setting for the synchronous interface when configured as an output. 0 CARD_VCC_CNTL R/W This bit when reset disables power to the Smart Card 1 (or 2) pads. Resetting this bit causes masking of PWR_SC1_EN (or PWR_SC2_EN) bit in the POWER_CTL1 Register, controlling the voltage regulators to the Smart Card pads. This bit when set enables the PWR_SC1_EN (or PWR_SC2_EN) bit to control the voltage regulators to the Smart Card pads. The voltage applied is indicated by non-zero values of the PWR_SC1_EN (or PWR_SC2_EN) bit. FIGURE 10-15: SMART CARD SYNCHRONOUS OUTPUT CONFIGURATIONS TABLE 10-12: SMART CARD SYNC ALL CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) SC_SYNC_ALL (0X00A4- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD ALL CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION INPUT OUTPUT OPEN_DRAIN = 0 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN = X PULL_UP_EN = X, PULL_DN_EN = X OUTPUT OPEN_DRAIN = 1 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN = 0 PULL_UP_EN = 0, PULL_DN_EN = 0 OUTPUT OPEN_DRAIN = 1 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN = 0 PULL_UP_EN = 1, PULL_DN_EN = 0 OUTPUT OPEN_DRAIN = 1 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN = 1 PULL_UP_EN = 0, PULL_DN_EN = 0 OUTPUT OPEN_DRAIN = 1 FAST_OPEN_DRAIN = 1 PULL_UP_EN = 1, PULL_DN_EN = X Z (Pull up) System Clock Z High High Pull up High SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 74  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.13 Power The Smart Card block is enabled when the SC1_CLK_EN (or SC2_CLKEN) is turned on in the SC1_CLK_DIV (or SC2_- CLK_DIV) Register. 10.14 Asynchronous Interface Registers The SEC1110 and SEC1210 have Smart Card Interfaces based on the ISO/IEC 7816 Standard. 10.14.1 ASYNCHRONOUS MODE REGISTERS TABLE 10-13: SMART CARD TRANSMIT/RECEIVE BUFFER REGISTER SC_TBR_RBR (0X0000- RESET=0XXX) SMART CARD TRANSMIT/RECEIVE BUFFER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 DATA R/W Writing to this register causes the byte to be written to the FIFO, and an internal count is incremented for determining the length of the message to be transmitted. Writing too much information will cause the message to be silently truncated to the length of the FIFO. Reading from this register causes a byte to be read from the FIFO. This decrements the FIFO Count Register. If the FIFO Count Register is already zero, this causes the UE bit in the Line Status Register to be set to 1, and the Receiver is disabled from writing to the FIFO. TABLE 10-14: SMART CARD INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER SC_IEN (0X0001- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 PRTI R/W 1: Enables the Protocol and Timer Interrupt. The sources of this interrupt are itemized in register PRIP. 6 AUTO_DA_PWR_OFF R/W For the SEC1110 and SEC1210 A0 version, this bit is not used. In the SEC1110 and SEC1210 A1 version onwards, the behavior is as follows: When this bit is set to 1, it indicates that SCx_VCC power is turned off automatically during auto-deactivation. Auto-deactivation occurs when a Smart Card is removed (SCx_PRSNT_N goes high), or the APDE bit is set and a non-recoverable parity error is encountered. This bit must not be set to 1 in SEC1110 and SEC1210 A1 version, for Class A, Class B modes. When this bit is set to 0 (default), it indicates that the hardware will go through the auto-deactivation sequence of driving RST, CLK, and IO lines low, but not power down SCx_VCC. An interrupt is raised when auto-deactivation occurs and software must follow the power down sequence. The interrupt source is from the GPIO (Card remove) due to the RLSI (non-recoverable parity error). 5 GPI R/W Set to 0. Do not use for SEC1110 and SEC1210. 4 PTI R/W Set to 0. Do not use for SEC1110 and SEC1210. 3 Reserved R/W Always write 0 2 RLSI R/W 1 : Enables an interrupt on Line Status errors: Parity, Framing, Overflow or Underflow. 1 THRRI R/W 1 : Enables an interrupt when the Transmitter has finished transmission of a message, including the minimum Guard Time (stop bits). 0 RDAI R/W 1 : Enables an interrupt when FIFO data is available to read, either by the threshold value or by any data at all in the FIFO after a timeout condition (e.g., the CWT Timer).  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 75 SEC1110/SEC1210 10.14.1.1 Interrupt Identification By accessing this register, the host CPU can determine the highest priority interrupt and its source. Four levels of priority interrupt exist with a descending order of priority as follows: 1. Receiver line status (highest priority) 2. Received data ready 3. Transmitter holding register empty or threshold has been reached 4. Protocol/Timer Interrupt Information indicating that a prioritized interrupt is pending and the source of that interrupt is stored in the SC Interrupt Identification Register (refer to interrupt control table). When the CPU accesses the IIR, the Smart Card Interface freezes all interrupts and indicates the highest priority pending interrupt to the CPU. During this CPU access, even if the Smart Card Interface records new interrupts, the current indication does not change until either the interrupt is reenabled or the event causing the interrupt is cleared and re-asserted. The contents of the SC_IIR are described below. Note: The traditional UART FIFO Control Register functions are no longer in a write-only register at this address. Instead, the FCR Register is a read/write register at location offset 0x0012, and the Threshold is in a separate pair of registers. Note: Interrupts are re-enabled by writing a 1 to the interrupt enable bit. This bit does not need to be cleared to re-enable interrupts. TABLE 10-15: SMART CARD INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION REGISTER SC_INT_ID (0X0002- RESET=0B00XX00XX1) SMART CARD INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 PRTI R/W 1 : Indicates the presence of a Protocol or Timer Interrupt. The sources of this interrupt are itemized in register PRIP, and are cleared by reading that register. 6 AUTO_DA_PWR_OFF R/W This bit is not used in the SEC1110/SEC1210 version. In SEC1110/SEC1210 version onwards, the behavior is as follows: This bit is set to 1 if the SC_IEN.AUTO_DA_PWR_OFF bit is set, and an auto-deactivation event occurred. This bit is cleared when both the SC_INTF_MON.CRMV bit and SC_LCR.APDE bits are cleared by software. 5 GPI R/W Do not use, SC_IEN to keep disabled 4 PTI R/W Do not use, SC_IEN to keep disabled 3 FTO R/W FIFO Timeout: 1 : Indicates a FIFO Data Timeout caused by the CWT Timer, or by the Timeout Timer in T=0 Mode, rather than the amount of received data reaching the Threshold value. It also indicates that the Receiver will be delivering no more data bytes to the FIFO. This bit is not an interrupt source, but is instead a status bit, which should be examined when processing the RDAI Interrupt. This bit is cleared by emptying or resetting the FIFO. 2:1 PRI R/W If the IP bit in this register is 0 (active), then this field holds the source of the interrupt 0 IP R/W 0 : Indicates that an interrupt is pending, and that the PRI field of this register indicates the highest priority level pending. 1 : Indicates that no interrupt is pending. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 76  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 10-16: INTERRUPT CONTROL TABLE INTERRUPT ID REGISTER FIELDS PRTI OCSI GPI PTI FTO PRI IP BITS 7 6 5 4 3 21 0 PRIORITY LEVEL & ENABLE INTR. TYPE INTR. SOURCE INTR. RESET CONTROL X NA NA NA X X X 1 - None None - X 1 NA NA X 1 1 0 First SC_IEN bit 6 AUTO_DA_PW R_OFF Autodeactivation due to Smart Card removal or non-recoverable parity error Clearing the SC_IEN.AUTO_ DA_PWR_OFF bit X NA NA NA X 1 1 0 First & SC_IEN bit 2 Line Status Overrun Error, Parity Error, Frame Error, Underflow Error, or TF (Guard Algorithm Timeout) Reading the Line Status Register X NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 Second & SC_IEN bit 0 Received Data available Receiver Data available Reading from the FIFO until its level drops below the threshold level X NA NA NA 1 1 0 0 Second & SC_IEN bit 0 Character Timeout indication CWT or Timeout Timer underflow with data in FIFO. Reading from the FIFO X NA NA NA X 0 1 0 Third & SC_IEN bit 1 Transmit Finished Transmit Phase of Exchange is complete Reading the IID Register 1 NA NA NA X 0 0 0 Fourth & SC_IEN bit 7 Protocol Timer Timeout GP Counter underflow (normal) or Timeout, CWT or Guard Timer underflow (errors) Reading the PRIP Register TABLE 10-17: SMART CARD LINE CONTROL REGISTER SC_LCR (0X0003- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD LINE CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 DLAB R/W These bits are forced to zero. 5 DCEN R/W General Purpose Down Counter Enable: 1 : Starts the counter. See Section 10.5.3, "Recommended etu Rates and Settings," on page 51 for details. 4 CARD_FAKE R/W In SEC1110/SEC1210, always read as 0. In SEC1110/SEC1210 this bit is used to fake the SCx_PRSNT_N input as active. 0 : No card fake. (default). The card presence is based on SCx_PRSNT_N pin through the GPIO block. 1 : Fake card presence. This bit if set, causes the Smart card hardware to ignore SCx_PRSNT_N pin, and assume card is present. The fake card presence is still validated through debounce delays. This feature enables usage of SCx_PRSNT_N pin for other purposes.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 77 SEC1110/SEC1210 3 PER_SIG_MODE R/W In SEC1110/SEC1210, always read as 0. In SEC1110/SEC1210 this bit indicates the assertion time of parity error. 0 : Parity error is signaled for one ETU, as measured by internal block sc_clk. The actual width of parity error depends on rise/fall delays of SCx_IO line. (default) 1 : Parity error is signaled for 1.25 ETU, as measured by internal block sc_clk. This setting ensures, that the parity error assertion width is independent of rise/fall time on SCx_IO line. 2 TMO_CONFIG R/W This bit defines the unit resolution of Timeout Timer. 0 : Timeout Timer Unit Resolution is in 1.25 milliseconds. 1 : Timeout Timer Unit Resolution is one ETU. 1 APDE R/W Automatic Parity-Error Deactivate Enable: 1 : Causes the ICC to be deactivated by hardware upon a nonrecoverable parity error. The device must also be in T=0 Mode for this to occur. If the CRE bit is also 0, this will occur without performing character repetition or signalling to the ICC. 0 CRE R/W Character Repeat Enable: 1 : Enables character repeat in T=0 Mode if a Parity Error is signalled by the ICC. TABLE 10-18: SMART CARD INTERFACE MONITOR REGISTER SC_INTF_MON (0X0004- RESET=0B00X10XX0) SMART CARD INTERFACE MONITOR REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 FFULL R/W FIFO Full: indicates that the FIFO is completely full with data to be transmitted. 6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 PSNT R/W This pin reflects the state of the SCx_PRSNT_N pin. 4 CRMV R/W Card Removed: This bit is set to 1 when a card is being removed. It is a read-only 1, and cannot be cleared by software, as long as the debounced version of the SCx_PRSNT_N signal is high. When SCx_PRSNT_N goes low, this bit can be cleared by writing a 1 to it. While this bit is 1, the SC_ICR Register is held to its default state, which holds the signals SCx_IO, SCx_CLK and SCx_RST_N low. 3 FTH R/W 1 : Indicates the presence of a FIFO Threshold Interrupt request. 2 RST_N R/W Indicates the current state of the SCx_RST_N pin. 1 IO R/W Indicates the current state of the SCx_IO pin. 0 CRPT R/W Indicates, in T=0 Mode, whether any characters needed to be repeated to the ICC. This bit may be cleared by writing a 1 to it. This is an indicator only. TABLE 10-17: SMART CARD LINE CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) SC_LCR (0X0003- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD LINE CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 78  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 10-19: SMART CARD LINE STATUS REGISTER SC_LSR (0X0005- RESET=0XXX) SMART CARD LINE STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 ETR R/W Indicates whether a Parity Error (bit 2) occurred in the Transmit phase (0) or the Receive phase (1) of an exchange. 6 TRANSMIT_EMPTY R/W This bit is cleared to 0 at the beginning of transmission, and is set to 1 when the transmission completes, including Guard Time (stop bit(s)) of the last character. 5 TRANSMIT_FAILURE R/W Indicates that a Guard Time algorithm failure occurred. 4 UNDERFLOW_ERROR R/W 1 : Indicates that a software error has caused an attempt to read from the FIFO while it is empty. Since this can add indeterminate bytes to a message, the Receiver is disabled to the FIFO, by clearing the FRE bit. 3 FRAMING_ERROR R/W 1 : Indicates that a Framing Error has been seen on received data. It disables the Receiver from the FIFO, by clearing the FRE bit in the FCR Register upon its occurrence, after placing the character with the error into the FIFO. Reading this register clears this bit. 2 PARITY_ERROR R/W 1 : Indicates a Parity Error. It disables the Receiver or the Transmitter from the FIFO upon its occurrence, by clearing the FRE or FTE bit in the FCR Register. If the error is seen while receiving, the FRE bit will be cleared after receiving the character with the error into the FIFO. Reading this register clears this bit. If the APDE bit in the LCR Register is 1, the error will also deactivate the ICC immediately by hardware action. 1 OVERRUN_ERROR R/W 1 : Indicates that too much data has been received from the ICC, so that the FIFO became completely full and lost a character. This error disables the Receiver or the Transmitter from the FIFO upon its occurrence, by clearing the FRE bit. Note: Attempting to transmit a message longer than the FIFO length will silently truncate the message, but will not set this bit. 0 DATA_READY R/W 1 : Indicates that the FIFO is not empty of received data. This bit is not affected by reading this register. Note: All bits except SC_LSR.DATA_READY (bit 0) are automatically cleared after reading this register. TABLE 10-20: SMART CARD BLOCK MASTER CONTROL REGISTER SC_BMC (0X0006- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD BLOCK MASTER CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 GIE R/W Global Interrupt Enable: A 0 in this bit position disables all interrupts from the Smart Card interface. 0 MRST R/W Software-Controlled Master Reset Control: Set this bit to 1 to reset the Smart Card block. The configuration section is not affected, and the GPIO section is not affected except that interrupts are disabled in the IEN Register. When the bit returns to 0, hardware is indicating that the reset is complete.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 79 SEC1110/SEC1210 TABLE 10-21: SMART CARD INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER SC_ICR (0X0007- RESET=0B00001000) SMART CARD INTERFACE CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 RST_N R/W SCx_RST_N Pin Control: The default value (0) holds the SC_RST_N pin low. A 1 in this bit causes the SCx_RST_N pin to drive high. This bit may be written to 1 or 0 by software, and the first underflow of the Guard Timer, while the Protocol Mode Register is indicating ATR Mode, sets this bit to 1, and causes the SC_RST_N pin to rise as part of the Reset/ATR sequence. 6 ENG R/W Enable Guard Timer: Writing 1 enables the Guard Timer to begin counting at the next triggering event. Writing 0 has no effect: to clear this bit, write 1 to the RSG bit in the Timer Control Register. This bit is cleared by hardware in ATR Mode when the first start bit is seen, or on an underflow from the BGT reload. In the second case, an interrupt request is also presented 5:4 VPIN R/W Not used. 3 CSTP R/W Clock Stop: 1 : Stops the SCx_CLK signal either high or low, depending on the CSTL bit. 0 : Causes the SCx_CLK signal to run. This signal is initially 1 on reset, causing SCx_CLK to be stopped in the low state. When setting this bit, the CPU clock must be multiple of SCx_CLK and CPU frequency must not be changed. Otherwise a clock glitch can occur on SCx_CLK. To avoid this, software synchronization must be done to read SCx_CLK and CSTP bit must be set with CSTL=0 when SCx_CLK is low. 2 CSTL R/W Clock Stop Level: When the CLKSTP bit is set, this bit indicates the state in which the SCx_CLK pin should stop: 1 means stop the clock high, 0 means stop the clock low. This bit is initially 0 on reset, causing SCx_CLK to be stopped in the low state. 1 IO R/W SCx_IO Pin Control: The default value (0) forces the SCx_IO pin low. Writing a 1 to this bit enables the SCx_IO pin to float and to drive high. 0 IOPU R/W 1 : Enables a weak pull-up device on the SCx_IO pin. This device is internally disabled while the Transmitter is actively driving the SCx_IO pin. TABLE 10-22: SMART CARD DATA REGISTER SC_DATA (0X0008~0X000B- RESET=0XXX) SMART CARD DATA REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 DATA R/W Perform all transfers at the location DATA, regardless of size. Transferring a value at the DATA location has the same effect as transferring the individual bytes (LS byte first) at the SC_TBR_RBR location (0000), but is more efficient for the larger data types. In the SEC1110 and SEC1210, these registers are present for software compatibility to other parts. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 80  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 10-23: SMART CARD PROTOCOL STATUS REGISTER SC_PRS (0X000C- RESET=0X04) SMART CARD PROTOCOL STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved R Always read as 0 6 INVALID_START_STS R This bit is set when an invalid start bit received. Invalid start bit is detected when any of the below checks fail. • Start bit period less than 0.5 etu • A level LOW check on SCx_IO pin at the sample time specified in the START_WIDTH_TOL register This bit is reset when read or when RSE bit in SC_FCR register is set. In SEC1110/SEC1210, always read as 0. 5 SMB R/W State Machine Busy: 1 : Indicates that a transfer is in progress 0 : Indicates that no transfer is in progress (idle/finished) 4 PWR R/W This bit is forced to 0 3 ACTV R/W Activity Bit: 1 : Indicates that a character has been received since the last time this bit was cleared by software. This bit is cleared by software, by writing a 0 to this bit location (this is the only writable bit in this register). Only the RSE bit in the SC_FCR Register has to be 1 in order for this bit to detect activity, and the FRE bit does not have to be 1. 2 GPH R/W Guard Timer Phase: Indicates the current phase of operation for the Guard Timer: 0 : next reload will be from the SC_EGT Register 1 : next reload will be from the BGT Register 1 TSM R/W TS Mode: Indicates the current convention: 0 = direct, 1 = inverse. Writing a 1 to the ATR bit in the Protocol Mode Register initializes this bit to 0, and it can be manipulated using some test register features. Otherwise, it is a read-only bit. 0 TSC R/W TS Captured: 1 : Indicates that a convention has been automatically captured from an ATR TS byte. Writing a 1 to the ATR bit in the Protocol Mode Register initializes this bit to 0, and it can be manipulated using some test register features. Otherwise, it is a read-only bit. TABLE 10-24: SMART CARD PROTOCOL INTERRUPT PENDING REGISTER SC_PRIP (0X000D- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD PROTOCOL INTERRUPT PENDING REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 GPT R/W 1 : General Purpose Down Counter Interrupt 6 TSW R/W 1 : Timeout waiting for the TS byte in ATR Mode. (Guard Timer, EGT reload phase.) 5 TMO R/W 1 : Timeout on the Timeout Timer (WWT, BWT or WTX) 4 CWT R/W 1 : Timeout on the CWT Timer (CWT, or timeout waiting for the ATR TS byte)  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 81 SEC1110/SEC1210 3 NULL R This bit if set indicates to the processor that a NULL byte was received. This bit may be used in T=0 Mode, to detect NULL byte reception, and indicate to host software. 2 EOM R/W 1 : End of Message indication from one of the T=0 Filter State Machines. If communication terminates prematurely or with an error, the CV bit will also be 1. 1 COLL R/W This bit gets set on a collision detection, when the chip is transmitting on the SCx_IO line, and the feedback value on the SCx_IO line sampled at the middle of ETU, is different from the value transmitted. This error raises an interrupt if SC_PRIE.COLL bit This error indication causes resets to all Smart Card block state machines and clears FRE and FTE. If this bit is disabled, hardware ignores the collision and proceeds normally. However, the collision status will be available to SW. There is a possibility that further collisions will cause parity or timeout errors. This bit is also set if SCx_RST_N collision occurs (i.e., Terminal is asserting SCx_RST_N low, and this line is high, or vice-versa). 0 CV R/W This is a status bit, not an interrupt source. 1 indicates that a code violation has occurred; either a bad TS value during ATR.In T=0 Mode with a Filter State Machine enabled, a code violation can be either an unrecognized Procedure Byte or an SW1 byte earlier than expected. Note: Some erroneous Smart Cards assert SCx_IO at 11 etu instead of 10.5 etu. TABLE 10-25: SMART CARD PROTOCOL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER SC_PRIE (0X000E- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD PROTOCOL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 GPT R/W 1 : Enables General Purpose Down Counter Timeout 6 TSW R/W 1 : Enables TSW Timeout waiting for the TS byte in ATR Mode. (Guard Timer, EGT reload phase) 5 TMO R/W 1 : Enables TMO Timeout on the Timeout Timer 4 CWT R/W 1 : Enables CWT Timeout on the CWT Timer 3 NULL R This bit if set enables an interrupt to the processor when a NULL byte is received. This bit may be enabled in T=0 Mode, to detect NULL byte reception, and indicate to host software. 2 EOM R/W 1 : Enables EOM End of Message 1 COLL R/W 1 : Enables COLL error detection If this bit is enabled, and a collision occurs, then only COLL status bit is updated, and the current transaction is aborted by the hardware. 0 CV R/W 1 : Enables CV Interrupt Note: This register enables the interrupts coming from the PRIP Register. TABLE 10-24: SMART CARD PROTOCOL INTERRUPT PENDING REGISTER (CONTINUED) SC_PRIP (0X000D- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD PROTOCOL INTERRUPT PENDING REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 82  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 10-26: SMART CARD TIMER STATUS REGISTER SC_TMS (0X000F- RESET=0X10) SMART CARD TIMER STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4 GS_MAX_TIMEOUT R This bit if set indicates that the maximum guard spacing timeout has happened. 3 TORUN R 1 : Indicates that the Timeout Timer has been triggered and is running 2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 CRUN R 1 : Indicates that the CWT Timer has been triggered and is running 0 GRUN R 1 : Indicates that the Guard Timer has been triggered and is running TABLE 10-27: SMART CARD BAUD DIVISOR LSB REGISTER SC_DLL (0X0010- RESET=0X01) SMART CARD BAUD DIVISOR LSB REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 BAUD_DIV_7_0 R/W These are the lower 8 bits of the 16 bit baud rate divisor. The most significant 8 bits are held in the SC_DLM Register. The baud rate divisor, with the Sampling field of the CLK Register, divides the etu rate from the sc1_clk/sc2_clk input clock from the CLK_PWR block. TABLE 10-28: SMART CARD BAUD DIVISOR MSB REGISTER SC_DLM (0X0011- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD BAUD DIVISOR MSB REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 BAUD_DIV_15_8 R/W These are the most significant 8 bits of the 16 bit baud rate divisor. The least significant 8 bits are held in the SC_DLL Register. The baud rate divisor, with the Sampling field of the CLK Register, divides the etu rate from the sc1_clk/sc2_clk input clock from the CLK_PWR block. TABLE 10-29: SMART CARD FIFO CONTROL REGISTER SC_FCR (0X0012- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FIFO CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 RFS R Receiver FIFO Status: This bit indicates whether the Receiver is actively prepared to place characters into the FIFO. It may not match the FRE bit, if the Receiver is still waiting for a trigger to begin (e.g., waiting for transmission to complete). 4 RSS R Receiver Sampling Status: This bit indicates whether the Receiver is actively sampling for characters. It may not match the RSE bit, if the Receiver is still waiting for a trigger to begin. For example, in ATR Mode, it may not yet be active, pending a rising edge on the SCx_RST_N pin.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 83 SEC1110/SEC1210 Note 1: This register provides control for FIFO access, and enables the Receiver and the Transmitter. 2: In SEC1110/SEC1210 version, if the FIFO is disabled before a GSR timeout occurs, then the GSR timer is not reset. The software work-around is to wait for the GSR timer to expire. This Anomaly 6 is fixed in later versions (SEC1110/SEC1210). 3 RSE R/W Receiver Sampling Enable: 1 written to this bit enables the Receiver to sample the SCx_IO pin for characters. In ATR Mode, the sampling does not occur immediately, but waits for a rising edge on the SCx_RST_N pin first. This bit is cleared by an incoming error (e.g., repeated parity error in T=0 Mode, or CWT violation in T=1 Mode, or Overrun Error). While the Receiver is sampling, the BGT or DGT value in the Guard Timer Register continues to be used to inhibit the Transmitter, regardless of the state of the FRE bit. 2 FRST W FIFO Reset: Always reads as 0. A 1 written to this bit resets the FIFO to an Empty state. If an error has occurred while transmitting to the card, this function must be used to re-initialize the FIFO. 1 FRE R/W FIFO Receive Enable: Allows reception into the FIFO. Except in ATR Mode, a transmission has to occur before the Receiver is actually activated. In ATR Mode, a rising edge must occur on the SCx_RST_N pin before the Receiver is activated. This bit is turned off by errors occurring during reception or transmission (e.g., CWT timeout error); otherwise software must turn it off after receipt of a message, to prepare for the next exchange 0 FTE R/W FIFO Transmit Enable: Writing 1 to this bit triggers transmission from the FIFO. This bit is turned off by the normal end of transmission, when all bytes in the FIFO have been transmitted. It is also turned off by errors occurring during transmission (e.g., parity error after retransmissions in T=0 Mode). TABLE 10-30: SMART CARD TIMEOUT TIMER LEAST SIGNIFICANT BYTE (LSB) RELOAD REGISTER SC_TOL (0X0014- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD TIMEOUT TIMER LSB RELOAD REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TIMER_RELOAD_LO R/W This register holds the LSB of the reload value for the Timeout Timer. TABLE 10-31: SMART CARD TIMEOUT TIMER MIDDLE SIGNIFICANT BYTE (MSB) RELOAD REGISTER SC_TOM (0X0015- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD TIMEOUT TIMER MIDDLE MSB RELOAD REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TIMER_RELOAD_MI R/W This register holds the middle MSB of the reload value for the Timeout Timer. TABLE 10-29: SMART CARD FIFO CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) SC_FCR (0X0012- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FIFO CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 84  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The Timeout Reload Register is a 24-bit register (SC_TOH, SC_TOM, SC_TOL) with unit resolution of 1.25 ms. TABLE 10-32: SMART CARD TIMEOUT TIMER HIGH SIGNIFICANT BYTE (HSB) RELOAD REGISTER SC_TOH (0X0013- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD TIMEOUT TIMER HSB RELOAD REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TIMER_RELOAD_HI R/W This register holds the HSB of the reload value for the Timeout Timer. TABLE 10-33: SMART CARD DOWN COUNTER LSB REGISTER SC_DCL (0X0016- RESET=0XFF) SMART CARD DOWN COUNTER LSB REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 DOWN_CNT_LO R/W This register holds the LSB of the General Purpose Down Counter. TABLE 10-34: SMART CARD DOWN COUNTER MSB RELOAD REGISTER SC_DCM (0X0017- RESET=0XFF) SMART CARD DOWN COUNTER MSB REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 DOWN_CNT_HI R/W This register holds the MSB of the General Purpose Down Counter. TABLE 10-35: SMART CARD CWT TIMER LSB RELOAD REGISTER SC_CWTL (0X0018- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD CWT TIMER LSB RELOAD REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TIMER_RELOAD_LO R/W This register holds the LSB of the reload value for the CWT Timer. TABLE 10-36: SMART CARD CWT TIMER MSB RELOAD REGISTER SC_CWTM (0X0019- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD CWT TIMER MSB RELOAD REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TIMER_RELOAD_HI R/W This register holds the MSB of the reload value for the CWT Timer. TABLE 10-37: SMART CARD GUARD ALGORITHM SPACING REGISTER SC_GSR_MSB (0X001B- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD GUARD ALGORITHM SPACING REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GUARD_ETUS_MSB R/W This register holds the MSB of maximum spacing between characters, specified as the number of etus from the leading edges of consecutive start bits.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 85 SEC1110/SEC1210 10.14.1.2 Protocol Mode Register The Guard Time reload registers EGT and BGT must be initialized to their desired values before writing to this register. Changing them afterward may fail to register the change. All non-reserved bits are read/write. The ATR bit may be set to 1 only if the TE1 bit is also set to 0. Valid settings for these two bits are: • ATR Mode: ATR=1 and TE1=0. In this Mode, the Protocol Timers and the Receiver are conditioned to expect an ATR message from the ICC. Character framing is as per the T=0 protocol. This is the one case where the Receiver does not wait for the SEC1110 and SEC1210 to transmit first; instead, it waits for a rising edge on the SCx_RST_N pin, which is being controlled by the Guard Timer. TABLE 10-38: SMART CARD GUARD ALGORITHM SPACING REGISTER SC_GSR_LSB (0X001B- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD GUARD ALGORITHM SPACING REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GUARD_ETUS_LSB R/W This register holds the LSB of maximum spacing between characters, specified as the number of etus from the leading edges of consecutive start bits. TABLE 10-39: SMART CARD GUARD TIMER RELOAD A REGISTER SC_EGT (0X001C- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD GUARD TIME RELOAD A REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 RELOAD_A R/W This register holds the Extra Guard Time value in T=0 or T=1 Mode. In ATR Mode, this register holds the maximum number of etus allowed from the rising edge of SCx_RST_N to the start bit of the TS byte. If the timer elapses, the TSW Interrupt is asserted, and the Receiver is disabled to the FIFO. Values are expressed in units of etu. The SC_PRM Register must be written after writing to this register, in order to latch the change. TABLE 10-40: SMART CARD GUARD TIMER RELOAD B REGISTER SC_BGT (0X001D- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD GUARD TIME RELOAD B REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 RELOAD_B R/W This register holds the BGT value in T=1 Mode, or the DGT value in T=0 Mode, preventing transmission until the specified number of etus has elapsed since the last received character. Monitoring of characters for this purpose does not depend on whether the Receiver is enabled to the FIFO. This timer must be enabled, or it will not delay transmission. In ATR Mode, this register holds the desired width of the SCx_RST_N pulse (Warm Reset) or the duration of the clock before the removal of SCx_RST_N. Values are expressed in units of etu. The SC_PRM Register must be written after writing to this register, in order to latch the change. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 86  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. • T=0 Mode: ATR=0 and TE1=0. In this Mode, character framing and parity handling are as per the T=0 protocol. The Receiver waits until a message has been transmitted before it becomes active. • T=1 Mode: ATR=0 and TE1=1. In this Mode, character framing and parity handling are as per the T=1 protocol. The Receiver waits until a message has been transmitted before it becomes active. The OSME and ISME bits are mutually exclusive: only one of them may be set to 1, and neither may be set to 1 without the TE1 bit also being set to 0 and the ATR bit set to 0. TABLE 10-41: SMART CARD PROTOCOL MODE REGISTER SC_PRM (0X001E- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4 ISME R/W 1 : Indicates that the Incoming Filter State Machine is enabled. The TE1 bit and ATR bit must also be set to 0. 3 OSME R/W 1 : Indicates that the Outgoing Filter State Machine is enabled. The TE1 bit and ATR bit must also be set to 0. 2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 TE1 R/W 0 : Indicates that T=0 character framing is being used, either in T=0 protocol communication or receiving the ATR message. 1 : Indicates that the T=1 protocol is being used. This bit may not be set to 1 with any of bits ATR, OSME or ISME also set to 1. 0 ATR R/W Answer to Reset Mode: 1 : Indicates that a Reset sequence is to be presented, expecting a response from the card. The TE1 bit must also be 0 in this Mode. Writing a 1 to this bit also clears the TSC and TSM bits in the Protocol Status Register, which causes the first byte received to be interpreted by hardware as the TS byte, setting the bit encoding convention based on what is received. ATR bit in SC_PRM Register should not be set once the ATR from the card is received. TABLE 10-42: SMART CARD TIMER CONTROL REGISTER SC_TCTL (0X001F- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD TIMER CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 RSG R/W Reset Guard Timer: This bit always reads as 0. Writing a 1 to this bit clears the ENG bit in the Interface Control Register to 0, and removes any pending interrupt request from the Guard Timer. (The ENG bit, which enables the Guard Timer, is in the Interface Control Register so that the Guard Timer may be started atomically with the presentation of SC_RST_N and SC_CLK to the Smart Card.) 6:5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4 RSC R/W Resets the CWT Timer: This bit always reads as 0. Writing a 1 to this bit clears the ENC bit to 0, and removes any pending interrupt request from the CWT Timer. 3 ENC R/W Writing 1 enables the CWT Timer to begin counting at the next triggering event. Writing 0 has no effect: to clear this bit, write 1 to the RSC bit in the Timer Control Register. This bit is cleared by hardware action in order to stop the timer.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 87 SEC1110/SEC1210 2 WTX R/W 1 : Places the Timeout Timer in WTX Mode 0 : Places it in BWT Mode. In WTX Mode, the Timeout Timer underflow reloads the Timeout Timer instead of stopping it, and the Receiver is not disabled on underflow. 1 RSTO R/W Reset the Timeout Timer: This bit reads as 0 always. Writing a 1 to this bit clears the ENTO bit to 0, and removes any pending interrupt request from the Timeout Timer. 0 ENTO R/W Writing 1 enables the Timeout Timer to begin counting at the next triggering event. Writing 0 has no effect: to clear this bit, write 1 to the RSTO bit in the Timer Control Register. This bit is cleared by hardware action in order to stop the timer. TABLE 10-43: SMART CARD CLOCK DIVISOR REGISTER SC_CLK_DIV (0X0025- RESET=0X58) SMART CARD CLOCK DIVISOR REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 SAMPLING This field indicates a divisor to apply from the DLL/DLM value in order to get the final etu rate: 00 : divide by 31 10 : divide by 16 01 : divide by 1 11 : reserved for future use The SC_CLK_DIV divisor field is reduced in size to 6 bits 5:0 DIVISOR R/W This field gives the divisor to apply to the SEC1110 and SEC1210 system clock in order to generate the SCx_CLK signal to the ICC. TABLE 10-44: SMART CARD CONFIGURATION BLOCK REGISTER SC_CFG (0X0026- RESET=0X60) SMART CARD CONFIGURATION BLOCK REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 Reserved R Always read as 0 Note: In SEC1110 and SEC1210, the SC_CFG is hardwired to zero. TABLE 10-42: SMART CARD TIMER CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) SC_TCTL (0X001F- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD TIMER CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 88  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 10.14.1.3 FIFO Threshold Registers These registers hold the FIFO threshold for received bytes. The FIFO Threshold Interrupt is asserted when the number of received/written bytes in the FIFO exceeds the number provided here. For example, set these registers to 0000h to be interrupted on every byte received. The interrupt is also asserted on a timeout of the CWT Timer, or of the Timeout Timer in T=0 Mode, regardless of the contents of these registers. These registers have no effect on transmission: the number of bytes present in the FIFO at the time that the FTE bit is set to 1 determines the length of the message transmitted. TABLE 10-45: SMART CARD LED CONTROL REGISTER SC_LEDC (0X0027- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD LED CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:4 BLINK[3:0] R/W This field is reserved for the SEC1110/SEC1210 version. In SEC1110/SEC1210, this field indicates the LED blinking time in units of 25 ms. For instance, a value of 4 would indicate 5 blinks per second. 3 LED_PRGM_TIME_EN R/W This field is reserved for the SEC1110/SEC1210 version. In SEC1110/SEC1210, this bit controls the blinking of LED. 0 : (default). LED ON/OFF time is fixed as defined by LMD, LCTL fields. 1 : LED ON/OFF time is based on the value programmed in BLINK field. If LMD is set, then the LED blinking (BLINK field controls the rate) is based on SCx_IO pin activity. 2 LMD R/W LED Mode: 0 : LED is controlled by the LED control field in this register. 1 : LED is controlled by activity on the SCx_IO pin. When there is activity on the SCx_IO pin the LED will blink at an approximate 6.25 Hz rate with a 50% duty cycle (80 msec on, 80 msec off). 1:0 LCTL R/W LED Control, when LED_PRGM_TIME_EN bit is 0. 00 = Off 01 = Blink at 1Hz rate with a 50% duty cycle (0.5 sec on, 0.5 sec off) 10 = Blink at ½ HZ rate with a 25% duty cycle (0.5 sec on, 1.5 sec off) 11 = On When LED_PRGM_TIME_EN bit is set to 1, 00 = Off 01 = BLINK * 25 ms ON and BLINK * 25 ms OFF 10 = BLINK * 25 ms ON and BLINK * 3 * 25 ms OFF (25% duty cycle) 11 = ON TABLE 10-46: SMART CARD FIFO THRESHOLD LSB REGISTER SC_FTHL (0X0028- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FIFO THRESHOLD LSB REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 FIFO_THRESHOLD_LO R/W This register hold the LSB FIFO threshold for received bytes.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 89 SEC1110/SEC1210 10.14.1.4 FIFO Count Registers This register pair holds the number of bytes currently in the FIFO. While setting up for transmission, and during transmission, this register tracks bytes being transmitted. If there is an error in transmission, the Transmitter stops and this register holds the number of bytes remaining in the FIFO. In case of a transmission error, the FIFO must be reset using the FRST bit in the FCR Register. This action will also clear these registers to zero. During transmission (i.e., while the Receiver is not active), the value in these registers is not compared against the Threshold value in the FTHL/FTHM register pair. While the Receiver is active, this register pair also tracks the number of bytes in the FIFO, and this value is compared against the FIFO Threshold in the FTHL/FTHM register pair in order to provide the FIFO Threshold Interrupt. To determine whether an error happened during the Transmit or Receive phase of an exchange (and hence which count is being displayed in this register), software may inspect the ETR bit in the Line Status Register. TABLE 10-47: SMART CARD FIFO THRESHOLD MSB REGISTER SC_FTHM (0X0029- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FIFO THRESHOLD MSB REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 FIFO_THRESHOLD_HI R/W This register hold the MSB FIFO threshold for received bytes. TABLE 10-48: SMART CARD FIFO COUNT LSB REGISTER SC_FCL (0X002A- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FIFO COUNT LSB REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 FIFO_COUNT_LO R/W This register holds the LSB of the FIFO count in bytes. TABLE 10-49: SMART CARD FIFO COUNT MSB REGISTER SC_FCM (0X002B- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FIFO COUNT MSB REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 FIFO_COUNT_HI R/W This register holds the MSB of the FIFO count in bytes. TABLE 10-50: SMART CARD FILTER LENGTH REGISTER SC_FLL (0X002C- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FILTER LENGTH REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 FILTER_LEN R/W This register holds the number of expected data bytes in a T=0 exchange, for the sake of the T=0 filter state machines. This register is decremented as needed by the outgoing filter state machine. An initial value of 00h, when the outgoing filter is activated, is interpreted as 256. An initial value of 00h, when the incoming filter is activated, is interpreted as 0. Any T=0 command that does not involve a data transfer will use the incoming filter with an initial count of 00h. This register returns the least-significant 8 bits of the current count value when read. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 90  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 10-51: SMART CARD INS CODE REGISTER SC_FINS (0X002D- RESET=0X00) SMART CARD FILTER STATE MACHINE INS CODE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 INS R/W This register holds the INS byte for the current T=0 exchange, so that the T=0 Filter state machines can recognize the INS and INS Procedure Bytes TABLE 10-52: SMART CARD DEBOUNCE REGISTER SC_TEST1 (0X0030, - RESET=0X14) SMART CARD TEST REGISTERS BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 DEBOUNCE_MAX R/W This register indicates the debounce counter value for the SCx_PRSNT_N signal, in 1 ms resolution. If a value of zero is written, then the debounce logic is avoided, and the SCx_PRSNT_N signal is sampled directly. The DEBOUNCE_CLK_EN and DEBOUNCE_FREQ bits in OSC48_SETTLE_CLKS Register must be enabled for the debouncing to work. TABLE 10-53: SMART CARD DEBOUNCE REGISTER SC_TEST2 (0X0031, - RESET=0X1F) SMART CARD TEST REGISTERS BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:2 START_WIDTH_TOL[7:2] R/W After the leading edge of the start bit, a check is done for a low on the SCx_IO line, for the sample number indicated by this start bit tolerance register before the next bit. If SCx_IO is not low at start bit tolerance sample before the next bit, that start bit will be invalidated and the Receiver will search for next start byte. This width check if violated, will likely result in wrong data received with a parity error or TMO. 1 OEN_EXT RW When this bit is 0, it disables the OEN extension feature. The Output enable for the SCx_IO pad is driven for one internal Smart Card clock, at the end of transmit, and at the end of parity error signaling. This setting may cause insufficient time, for the SCx_IO pad to switch from 0 to 1, before tristating and enabling the pull-up, during high Smart Card block frequencies. When this bit is 1 (default), it indicates that the Output enable extension for SCx_IO is enabled. This setting ensures that a 0 to 1 transition occurs on the pad, and then the pad is tristated and pull-up enabled on SCx_IO. The OEN_CLKS field indicates the OEN extension time. 0 START_BIT_NEG_EDGE RW When this bit is 0, it indicates the detection of start bit (after a parity error is signaled) occurs when a negative edge is seen on SCx_IO. When this bit is 1 (default), it indicates the detection of start bit (after a parity error is signaled) occurs when a 0 level is seen on SCx_IO. This setting may cause a parity error signaling to be wrongly identified as the next start bit when the Smart Card block runs internally at high frequencies.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 91 SEC1110/SEC1210 TABLE 10-54: SMART CARD TEST REGISTER SC_TEST3 (0X0032 - RESET=0XFF) SMART CARD TEST REGISTERS BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TEST3[7:0] R/W This field defines the number of SC block clock time between the events • Reset assertion and clock stop during hardware auto-deactivation • Clock stop and SCx_VCC switch off signal to smart card pins TABLE 10-55: SMART CARD TEST REGISTER SC_TEST4 (0X0033~0033, - RESET=0X00) SMART CARD TEST REGISTERS BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 START_WIDTH_TOL[15:8] R/W The start width tolerance is a 16-bit wide register. Bits 1:0 are used for OEN_EXT, START_BIT_NEG_EDGE also. TABLE 10-56: SMART CARD TEST DEBOUNCE REGISTER SC_TEST0 (0X0035, - RESET=0X00) SMART CARD TEST REGISTERS BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:4 Reserved R Always read as 0 3:1 OEN_CLKS R/W These 3 bits of FAST_DEBOUNCE[2:0] are reused as OEN_CLKS field. It indicates the number of internal Smart Card block clocks to extend OEN for SCx_IO pad. This field is used when OEN_EXT bit is set. 000 : 2 clocks 001 : 2 ~ 4 clocks in SEC1110/SEC1210. 4 clocks in later versions 010 : 4 ~ 8 clocks in SEC1110/SEC1210. 8 clocks in later versions 011 : 8 ~ 16 clocks in SEC1110/SEC1210. 16 clocks in later versions 100 : 16~ 32 clocks in SEC1110/SEC1210. 32 clocks in later versions 101 : 32 ~ 64 clocks in SEC1110/SEC1210. 64 clocks in later versions 0 Reserved R/W Must be 0. TABLE 10-57: SMART CARD FIFO TEST REGISTER SC_FIFO_TEST (0X0100~02FF, - RESET=0XXX) SMART CARD FIFO TEST1 BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 FIFO_TEST R/W The SC_FIFO is memory mapped to the 8051 CPU on the XDATA bus. Only the first 261 (259 for SEC1110/SEC1210) bytes are valid, and rest is an alias access. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 92  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 11.0 USB CONTROLLER DESCRIPTION The SEC1110 and SEC1210 implements a USB device controller supporting 12 Mbps data transfer. In addition to the default control Endpoint 0, it provides 5 other endpoints, which can be configured in Control, Bulk, Interrupt or Isochronous modes: • Endpoint 0: 8/16/32/64-byte buffer, default control endpoint • Endpoints 1,2,3,4,5: 8/16/32/64 -byte buffer or buffers in ping-pong Mode. The Digital Phase-Locked Loop (DPLL) blocks main function is to extract the USB clock and data from the USB cable. Its main input is an external differential transceiver. The DPLL block has a built-in digital PLL that runs on a user-provided 48 MHz clock in 12 Mbps configuration. The DPLL block also extracts from the 48 MHz clock, a 12 MHz clock that it can supply to the SIE and UBL blocks. The D+ and D- signals on the USB lines are passed through a differential receiver (external to the UDC core) and NRZIformatted data is obtained from the differential receiver output. The DPLL uses this differential receiver output to extract clock information. The DPLL block also has single-ended zero (SE0) detection logic to detect SE0 signals in the data stream on the USB transceiver. The clock and reset block generates a separate 12 MHz clock, by dividing the reference 48 MHz clock by 4 (for 12 Mbps applications). The UDC core uses this 12 MHz clock, which is also provided on the application bus. The Serial Interface Engine (SIE) block performs all front-end USB protocol functions, such as SYNC field identification, NRZI-NRZ conversion, token packet decoding, bit stripping, bit stuffing, NRZ-NRZI conversion, CRC5 checking, and CRC16 generation and checking. The SIE block also converts serial packets to 8-bit parallel data. The SIE block has a built-in 1-byte buffer for buffering data during transmission and reception of IN, OUT, and setup transactions. The SIE block interfaces to the device logic through the USB bridge layer. The SIE runs on the 1x clock provided by the DPLL block, even though the data from the USB is received on the USB clock. For actual packet data, the SIE assembles the bits into bytes and forwards them to the application. The main SIE block functions include: • SYNC field identification • NRZI-NRZ conversion during data reception • Token packet identification FIGURE 11-1: USB BLOCK DIAGRAM  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 93 SEC1110/SEC1210 • Data packet identification • Handshake packet identification • Bit stripping during packet reception • Bit stuffing during packet transmission • NRZ-NRZI conversion during data transmission • CRC5 checking for token packets • CRC16 generation and checking for data packets • Time-out checking • Serial-to-parallel and parallel-to-serial data conversion • Data/handshake packet assembly • Identifying the USB Reset signal • Identifying USB Suspend Mode • Remote wake-up capability The USB Bridge Layer (UBL) sits between the SIE block and the function interface on the device side (see FIGURE 11- 1: USB Block Diagram on page 92). The UBL’s main purposes are to control the SIE block by providing the necessary handshake signals and to transfer data between the SIE block and application bus while handling the application bus protocol. The UBL handles the error recovery mechanism during transactions while interfacing to the application, and decodes and handles all standard control transfers addressed to Endpoint 0. The UBL passes all vendor and class commands onto the application bus for the application to decode and act on. This provides the flexibility of using the UDC core in multiple applications. The UBL supports an additional single programmable configuration (Configuration 0 has only Endpoint 0), with this configuration having a maximum of 4 interfaces. Each interface can have up to 4 alternate settings. The configuration is loaded from the on-chip ERAM at USB block initialization time to the EPINFO block. The UBL receives information from the EPINFO block about the characteristics of the endpoint to which the current transaction is addressed. Based on this endpoint information, the UBL issues necessary control signals to the SIE block. The UBL also decodes the standard commands received in Endpoint 0 control transfer setup packets. The UBL forwards vendor and class commands to Endpoint 0 onto the application bus. The Get Descriptor command is forwarded to the application bus. The USB Bridge: • Provides a simple read/write interface on the device side. • Handles all transactions to the standard Endpoint 0, shielding those transactions from the device side of the application bus except for the following: - Get_Descriptor command, enabling the SW to have programmable configurations - Set_Descriptor command - Class and Vendor Specific commands - Sync_Frame command • Supports all USB standard commands, decoding and acting on the USB standard commands received in a control transfer’s setup transaction. • Provides a state machine for the current device state (default, addressed, configured, suspended). • Maintains each endpoint’s enabled, disabled, or stalled status. If an endpoint is stalled or disabled, the UDC issues an appropriate handshake to the host. The transaction is not reflected on the application bus (UDC interface) side. • Forwards all class or vendor control transfers to Endpoint 0 and transactions to non-zero control endpoints. The application must decode 8 setup packet bytes and act on them. The transaction flow is explained in FIGURE 11-3: on page 95. The UBL block contains two sub-blocks, called the Protocol Layer (PL) and Endpoint (EP) blocks. The PL block controls the SIE block by providing necessary handshake signals to the SIE and by interfacing with the application bus logic. It also has an error recovery mechanism for data transfer protocol violations on the application bus. The protocol layer receives input about the endpoint characteristics from the EPINFO block and transfers the data between the SIE interface and the application bus (device interface). In transactions to Endpoint 0 (standard commands), the setup packet is routed to the EP block for decoding. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 94  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The EP block handles all control transfers to Endpoint 0. The EP block decodes and responds to all USB standard commands and passes the USB class and vendor commands to the application bus. The EP block maintains buffers for the device address and for storing the present active configuration, and logic for determining the present device state. All other vendor/class commands are forwarded onto the application bus (this includes the control transaction’s setup, data and the status stages). The EP block has a buffer that stores the information received in the setup packet and a state machine to decode the setup data. The EP block also maintains the state machine for the current device state. FIGURE 11-2: USB BRIDGE LAYER  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 95 SEC1110/SEC1210 11.1 Transaction Flow An endpoint should first be enabled and configured before being able to receive bulk or interrupt packets. The PingPong bit is reset for this endpoint. FIGURE 11-3: TYPICAL TRANSACTION Note: FIFOs are shown. Should be DPRAM. FIGURE 11-4: BULK/INTERRUPT OUT TRANSACTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 96  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. When a valid OUT packet is received on an endpoint, the RXOUTB (and BUF0_RDY) bit is set by the USB controller. This triggers an interrupt, if enabled. The firmware has to select the corresponding endpoint, and store the number of data bytes by reading the COUNT0 Register. If the received packet is a ZLP (Zero Length Packet), the COUNT0 Register value is equal to 0 and no data must be read. When all the endpoint data bytes have been read, the firmware should clear the RXOUTB (or BUF0_RDY) bit to allow the USB controller to accept the next OUT packet on this endpoint. Until the RXOUTB (or BUF0_RDY) bit has been cleared by the firmware, the USB controller will answer a NAK handshake for each OUT requests for this endpoint. If the Host sends more bytes than supported by the endpoint data buffer, the overflow data would not be stored, but the USB controller will consider that the packet is valid if the CRC is correct and the endpoint byte counter contains the number of bytes sent by the Host. An endpoint should be first enabled and configured before being able to receive bulk or interrupt packets. The PingPong bit is set. When a valid OUT packet is received on the Endpoint Bank 0, the RXOUTB (and BUF0_RDY) bit is set by the USB controller. This triggers an interrupt, if enabled. The firmware has to select the corresponding endpoint, store the number of data bytes by reading the USB_EPN_BYTE_CNT_REG Register. If the received packet is a ZLP (Zero Length Packet), the COUNT0 Register value is equal to 0 and no data has to be read. When all the endpoint data bytes have been read, the firmware should clear the BUF0_RDY bit to allow the USB controller to accept the next OUT packet on the Endpoint Buffer 0. When a new valid OUT packet is received on the Endpoint Bank 1, the RXOUTB (and BUF1_RDY) bit is set by the USB controller. This triggers an interrupt, if enabled. The firmware empties the bank 1 endpoint data before clearing the BUF1_RDY bit. The BUF0_RDY and BUF1_RDY bits are alternatively set by the USB controller at each new valid packet receipt. FIGURE 11-5: BULK / INTERRUPT OUT TRANSACTION IN PING-PONG MODE  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 97 SEC1110/SEC1210 The firmware has to clear one of these two bits after having read all the data to allow a new valid packet to be stored in the corresponding bank. A NAK handshake is sent by the USB controller only if the banks 0 and 1 have not been released by firmware. The firmware can reset the hardware pointers by writing a 1 to both BUF0_RDY and BUF1_RDY in a single write. An endpoint will first be enabled and configured before being able to send bulk or interrupt packets with the PingPong bit set. The firmware will fill the data bank 0 with the data to be sent and set the TXRDY (or BUF0_RDY) bit in the USB_EPn_CTL_REG (or USB_EPn_BUFRDY_REG) Register to allow the USB controller to send the data stored in data at the next IN request concerning the endpoint. The firmware can immediately write into the Endpoint 1 data bank. The firmware can set BUF1_RDY bit when this buffer is ready. When the IN packet concerning the bank 0 has been sent and acknowledged by the Host, the TXRDY (and BUF0_RDY) bit is reset by the USB controller. This triggers a USB interrupt if enabled. The firmware will check if the BUF0_RDY bit is reset before filling the Endpoint 0 Data Bank with new data. When the IN packet concerning the bank 1 has been sent and acknowledged by the Host, the TXRDY (and BUF1_RDY) bit is reset by the USB controller. This triggers a USB interrupt if enabled. The firmware will check if the BUF1_RDY bit is reset before filling the Endpoint 1 Data Bank with new data. The bank switch is performed by the USB controller after each packet. Until the TXRDY bit has been set by the firmware for an endpoint bank, the USB controller will answer a NAK handshake for each IN requests concerning this bank. The firmware will never write more bytes than supported by the endpoint data buffer. FIGURE 11-6: BULK/INTERRUPT IN TRANSACTIONS IN PING-PONG MODE SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 98  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 11.2 Control Transactions 11.2.1 SETUP STAGE Receiving Setup packets is the same as receiving bulk out packets, except that the RXSETUP bit in the USB_EPn_CTL_REG Register is set by the USB controller instead of the RXOUTB bit to indicate that an Out packet with a Setup PID has been received on the Control Endpoint. When the RXSETUP bit has been set, all the other bits of the USB_EPn_CTL_REG Register are cleared and an interrupt is triggered, if enabled. The firmware has to read the Setup request stored in the Control Endpoint data before clearing the RXSETUP bit to free the endpoint data for the next transaction. 11.2.2 DATA STAGE: CONTROL ENDPOINT 0 DIRECTION The data stage management is similar to bulk management. A control endpoint is managed by the USB controller as a full-duplex endpoint: IN and OUT. All other endpoint types are managed as half-duplex endpoint: IN or OUT. There are separate Read and Write buffers for Control Endpoint 0. • If the data stage consists of INs, the firmware writes the data buffer and sets to 1 the TXRDY (or BUF0_RDY) bit in the USB_EPn_CTL_REG (or USB_EPn_BUFRDY_REG) Register. The IN transaction is complete when the TXRDY (or BUF0_RDY) bit has been reset by the hardware. • If the data stage consists of OUTs, the RXOUTB (and BUF0_RDY) bit is set by hardware when a new valid packet has been received on the endpoint. The firmware must read the data stored into the buffer and then clear the RXOUTB (or BUF0_RDY) bit to reset the buffer and to allow the next transaction. To send a STALL handshake, see Section 11.4. 11.2.3 STATUS STAGE The status stage management is similar to bulk management. • For a Control Write transaction or a No-Data Control transaction, the status stage consists of a IN Zero Length Packet (see “Bulk/Interrupt IN Transactions In Standard Mode” on page). To send a STALL handshake, see Section 11.4. • For a Control Read transaction, the status stage consists of an OUT Zero Length Packet. 11.3 USB Reset The USB_RESET_INT bit in the USB_INT_REG Register is set by hardware when a Reset has been detected on the USB bus. This triggers a USB interrupt, if enabled. The USB controller is still enabled. The End of USB Reset can be determined by reading the USB_RESET_STS bit in UDC Status Register. 11.4 STALL Handshake This function is only available for Control, Bulk, and Interrupt endpoints. The firmware has to set the STALLRQ bit in the USB_EPn_CTL_REG Register to send a STALL handshake at the next request of the Host on the endpoint. The RXSETUP, TXRDY, RXOUTB bits must be first reset to 0. The bit UNSUCESSFUL is set to 1 by the USB controller when a STALL has been sent. This triggers an interrupt if enabled. The firmware should clear the STALLRQ and UNSUCESSFUL bits after each STALL sent. The STALLRQ bit is cleared automatically by hardware when a valid SETUP PID is received on a Control type endpoint. 11.5 Start of Frame Detection The USB_SOF_INT bit in the USB_INT_REG Register is set when the USB controller detects a Start of Frame PID. This triggers an interrupt if enabled. The firmware should clear the SOFINT bit to allow the next Start of Frame detection. The SOF_MISSED bit is set if within 16383 FS bits times, a SOF frame is not received. The SOF_GOOD bit is set if SOF frame is received and the timestamp matches the expected value. After initialization or loss of frame sync, the timestamp value is loaded when an SOF is received. 11.6 Data Toggle Bit The Data Toggle bit is set by hardware when a DATA 0 packet is received and accepted by the USB controller and cleared by hardware when a DATA 1 packet is received and accepted by the USB controller. This bit is reset when the firmware resets the endpoint data buffer using the UEPRST Register.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 99 SEC1110/SEC1210 For Control endpoints, each SETUP transaction starts with a DATA 0 and data toggling is then used as for Bulk endpoints until the end of the Data stage (for a control write transfer). The Status stage completes the data transfer with a DATA 1 (for a control read transfer). 11.7 NAK Handshakes When a NAK handshake is sent by the USB controller to a IN or OUT request from the Host, the UNSUCESSFUL bit will not be set by hardware. 11.8 Suspend The Suspend state can be detected by the USB controller if all the USB clocks are enabled and if the USB controller is enabled. The bit USB_SUSPEND_INT is set by hardware when an idle state is detected for more than 3 ms. This triggers a USB interrupt, if enabled. In order to reduce current consumption, the firmware can put the USB pads in suspend Mode, stop the clocks and put the chip in Idle or Power-Down Mode. The Resume detection is still active. The USB suspend Mode is entered when the firmware sets PWR_CORE_DIS0 to shutdown LDO3A regulator and then writes to the OSC48_CTL Register. The two writes to these registers must be consecutive. If operating from external clock then EXT_OSC_SLEEP bit is set in the second write, and if operating from the internal clock, then OSC_MODE[2] bit is set. The hardware shuts the clocks and the oscillator. It also powers down all the logic except for the USB subsystem, ERAM (optional), IRAM (optional), GPIO logic. Hence the firmware must save all the CPU registers in ERAM before entering suspend Mode. The USB PAD automatically exits from idle Mode when a wake-up event is detected on GPIO or USB pads. The stop of the 48 MHz clock from the oscillator should be done in the following order: 1. Disable all other peripherals not required during suspend Mode. Save CPU and SFR registers state in ERAM. 2. Disable the oscillator by writing OSC_MODE[2] as 0 in the OSC48_CTL Register or enter low power Mode by writing 000b to OSC_MODE bits (4 MHz). In case of external oscillator Mode EXT_OSC_SLEEP bit is set. 11.9 Resume When the USB controller is in Suspend state, the Resume detection is active even if all the clocks are disabled and if the chip is in Idle or Power-Down Mode. The USB_WU_INT bit is set by hardware when a non-idle state occurs on the USB bus. This triggers an interrupt if enabled. This interrupt wakes up the oscillator and CPU from its idle or powerdown state and the interrupt function is then executed. The firmware will first enable the 48 MHz generation. The firmware has to clear the USB_WU_INT bit in the USB_INT_REG Register before any other USB operation in order to wake up the USB controller from its Suspend Mode. The USB controller is then re-activated. 11.10 Remote Wake-Up A USB device can be allowed by the Host to send an upstream resume for Remote Wake-Up purpose. The firmware must set the USB_REMOTE_WU_CAP bit indicating to the core that the device is remote wake-up capable. The USB controller automatically responds to Set Feature and Clear Feature commands for the Remote Wake-Up capability. If the device is in SUSPEND Mode, and the device is in low power state, the USB controller can send an upstream Resume by setting to 1 the USB_REMOTE_WU bit in the USB_UDC_CTL Register. All clocks must be enabled first. The UDC core ensures that the bus was idle for 6 ms before indicating Suspend. Hence the Resume would be initiated immediately after USB_REMOET_WU bit is set. When the upstream Resume is completed, the USB_REMOTE_WU bit is reset to 0 by hardware. The firmware should then clear the USB_WU_INT interrupt bit. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 100  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 11.11 USB Registers Summary The USB registers are at XDATA base address 0x9600. FIGURE 11-7: USB REMOTE SUSPEND/RESUME TABLE 11-1: USB REGISTER OFFSETS XDATA OFFSET REGISTER NAME EC TYPE 0x00 USB_CFGL_ADDR_REG R/W 0x01 USB_CFGH_ADDR_REG R/W 0x02 USB_CFG_STS_REG R 0x03 USB_UDC_CONTROL R/W 0x04 USB_STS_REG R 0x05 USB_SOF_REG R 0x06 USB_INT_REG R/W 0x07 USB_ISR_EN_REG R/W 0x08 USB_EP0_CTL_REG R/W 0x09 USB_EP1_CTL_REG R/W 0x0A USB_EP2_CTL_REG R/W 0x0B USB_EP3_CTL_REG R/W 0x0C USB_EP4_CTL_REG R/W  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 101 SEC1110/SEC1210 0x0D USB_EP5_CTL_REG R/W 0x0E USB_EP0W_ADDRL_REG R/W 0x0F USB_EP0W_ADDRH_REG R/W 0x10 USB_EP0W_BYTE_CNT_REG R/W 0x11 USB_EP0R_ADDRL_REG R/W 0x12 USB_EP0R_ADDRH_REG R/W 0x13 USB_EP0R_BYTE_CNT_REG R/W 0x14 USB_EP1_ADDRL_REG R/W 0x15 USB_EP1_ADDRH_REG R/W 0x16 USB_EP1_CNT_REG R/W 0x17 USB_EP1_BUFRDY_REG R/W 0x18 USB_EP2_ADDRL_REG R/W 0x19 USB_EP2_ADDRH_REG R/W 0x1A USB_EP2_CNT_REG R/W 0x1B USB_EP2_BUFRDY_REG R/W 0x1C USB_EP3_ADDRL_REG R/W 0x1D USB_EP3_ADDRH_REG R/W 0x1E USB_EP3_CNT_REG R/W 0x1F USB_EP3_BUFRDY_REG R/W 0x20 USB_EP4_ADDRL_REG R/W 0x21 USB_EP4_ADDRH_REG R/W 0x22 USB_EP4_CNT_REG R/W 0x23 USB_EP4_BUFRDY_REG R/W 0x24 USB_EP5_ADDRL_REG R/W 0x25 USB_EP5_ADDRH_REG R/W 0x26 USB_EP5_CNT_REG R/W 0x27 USB_EP5_BUFRDY_REG R/W 0x28 USB_EP_ISR_REG R/W 0x29 USB_EP_ISR_EN_REG R/W 0x2A USB_EP1_CNT1_REG R/W 0x2B USB_EP2_CNT1_REG R/W 0x2C USB_EP3_CNT1_REG R/W 0x2D USB_EP4_CNT1_REG R/W 0x2E USB_EP5_CNT1_REG R/W TABLE 11-1: USB REGISTER OFFSETS (CONTINUED) XDATA OFFSET REGISTER NAME EC TYPE SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 102  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 11.12 USB Configuration Registers The USB core is configured at initialization time. The configuration data is written to on-chip ERAM memory, and the start address is written to the USB_CFGL_ADDR Register, then the USB_CFGH_ADDR Register. The UDC core loads this data once at initialization time. The UDC core automatically handles commands such as Set Configuration, Set Interface (with Alternative Interface settings). The current configuration, Interface and Alternate Interface values are indicated in Table 11-4, "USB Config Status Register". Any update to this register would cause an interrupt. The configuration data for the 6 maximum physical endpoints possible, consists of 6 40-bit values (30 bytes), with each value written most significant byte first (at lower address memory). This format is shown in Table 11-5, "EndPoint 0-5 Config Memory". TABLE 11-2: USB CONFIG ADDRESS LOW REGISTER USB_CFGL_ADDR_REG (0X9600 RESET=0X00 USB Config Address Low Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 USB_CFG_AdrPtr[7:0] R/W Address pointer (lower 8 bits) in on-chip ERAM for the configuration data. The USB core loads 30 bytes from this location. TABLE 11-3: USB CONFIG ADDRESS HIGH REGISTER USB_CFGH_ADDR_REG (0X9601 RESET=0X00 USB Config Address High Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 15 USB_CFG_LoadCfgData R/W This bit if set enables the USB to be configured. This must be done only once after reset. The USB core reads 30 bytes from USB_CFG_AdrPtr to the EPINFO block. 14 USB_CFG_LoadCfgDone R This bit if set indicates that the USB core has read all 30 bytes from USB_CFG_AdrPtr to the EPINFO block, and load configuration is done. The USB core is ready for normal operation. 13:12 Reserved R Always read as 0 11:8 USB_CFG_AdrPtr[11:8] R/W Address pointer (higher 4 bits) in on-chip ERAM for the configuration data. The USB core loads 30 bytes from this location. TABLE 11-4: USB CONFIG STATUS REGISTER USB_CFG_STS_REG (0X9602 RESET=0X00 USB Config Status Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5:4 Alt_InterfaceVal[1:0] R These bits indicate the Alternate Settings value to which a Set Interface Setup Command is addressed. 3:2 InterfaceVal[1:0] R These bit indicate the Interface value to which a Set Interface Setup Command is addressed. 1:0 ConfigVal[1:0] R These bits indicate the new Configuration value of a Set Configuration Setup Command. On an update to the ConfigVal field, the InterfaceVal and Alt_InterfaceVal fields are reset to zero.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 103 SEC1110/SEC1210 The Endpoint 0 is common to all configurations and interfaces of the device. The UDC core ignores the programmed value of Ep_Config, Ep_Interface, Ep_AltSettings for Endpoint 0. Note: The USB core successfully completes the status stage for the SET_INTERFACE command as long as the interface and alternate setting specified in the command is less than five, regardless of the actual number of interfaces/alternate settings reported in the configuration descriptor and interface descriptor by firmware. Typically hosts do not send SET_INTERFACE to interface/alternate settings that is not reported by the device. For example, if the device reports 2 interfaces and 3 alternate settings, the commands will complete successfully, which is correct. A problem would arise only if a host issues SET_INTERFACE to interface 4 even if the device supports only 3 interfaces. TABLE 11-5: ENDPOINT 0-5 CONFIG MEMORY USB_EP_0_CFG(0X00~0X04 RESET=0XXX USB_EP_1_CFG (0X05~0X09 RESET=0XXX USB_EP_2_CFG (0X0A~0X0E RESET=0XXX USB_EP_3_CFG (0X0F~0X13 RESET=0XXX USB_EP_4_CFG (0X14~0X18 RESET=0XXX USB_EP_5_CFG (0X19~0X1D RESET=0XXX EndPoint 0-5 Config Memory BIT NAME BYTE DESCRIPTION 7:4 EpNum 0 Logical Endpoint Number: The valid values are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 3:2 Ep_Config Configuration number to which the endpoint belongs: • Must be 0 for Endpoint 0 • Value for other endpoints is 1 (one other configuration supported) 1:0 Ep_Interface Interface number to which the endpoint belongs: • Must be 0 for Endpoint 0 • Value for other endpoints is up to the maximum number of interfaces supported as reported in the Descriptor SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 104  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 7:6 Ep_AltSetting 1 Alternate setting to which the endpoint belongs: • Must be 0 for Endpoint 0 • Value for other endpoints is up to the maximum number of interfaces supported as reported in the Descriptor 5:4 Ep_Type Endpoint type: 00 : Control 01 : Reserved 10 : Bulk 11 : Interrupt Must be 00 for Endpoint 0. The values for other endpoints is user programmable as 01, 10, 11, and is same as reported in the Descriptor. 3 Ep_Dir Endpoint direction: 0 : OUT Endpoint 1 : IN Endpoint This bit is ignored for control endpoints. Must be 0 for Endpoint 0. Value for other endpoints is programmable, and is the same as reported in the Descriptor. 2:0 Ep_MaxPktSize[9:7] Maximum packet size for this endpoint (64 Max). The valid values are 8: 00_0000_1000b 16: 00_0001_0000b 32: 00_0010_0000b 64: 00_0100_0000b 7:1 Ep_MaxPktSize[6:0] 2 0 Ep_UserBit This bit is reflected to the application bus as the UDC_UserBit signal for the transaction to this particular endpoint. • Must be 1 for endpoints 2 and 3 • It is 0 for all other endpoints 7:0 Ep_BufAdrPtr[15:8], Ep_BufAdrPtr[7:0] 3, 4 Address pointer for the associated endpoint is encoded as follows: Ep_BufAdrPtr15 = EP_Dir Ep_BufAdrPtr[14:12] = EpNum[2:0] (The physical endpoint number 0~5) Ep_BufAdrPtr[11:10] = Ep_Config[1:0] Ep_BufAdrPtr[9:8] = Ep_Interface[1:0] Ep_BufAdrPtr[7:6] = Ep_AltSettings[1:0] Ep_BufAdrPtr[5:4] = Ep_Type[1:0] Ep_BufAdrPtr[3:0] = Ep_MaxPktSize[6:3] TABLE 11-5: ENDPOINT 0-5 CONFIG MEMORY USB_EP_0_CFG(0X00~0X04 RESET=0XXX USB_EP_1_CFG (0X05~0X09 RESET=0XXX USB_EP_2_CFG (0X0A~0X0E RESET=0XXX USB_EP_3_CFG (0X0F~0X13 RESET=0XXX USB_EP_4_CFG (0X14~0X18 RESET=0XXX USB_EP_5_CFG (0X19~0X1D RESET=0XXX EndPoint 0-5 Config Memory BIT NAME BYTE DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 105 SEC1110/SEC1210 11.13 USB Control, Status and Interrupt Registers TABLE 11-6: USB UDC CONTROL REGISTERS USB_UDC_CONTROL (0X9603RESET=0X01 USB UDC Control Registers BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 USB_RTEST R/W This test bit must be 0 for proper USB operation. Setting this bit to 0 (default) causes opening of SW2 for Resistor pull-up (causes high impedance) in transmission Mode. When this bit is set to 1, SW2 for resistor pull-up is closed in transmission Mode. 6 Reserved R/W Reserved as a test bit If this bit is zero, the Rpu SW2 switch toggles on a J-to-K transition detected on USB bus in Receive mode within 0.5 to 0.75 bit time. If this bit is one, the Rpu SW2 switch toggles on a J-to-K transition detected on USB bus in Receive mode within 0.25 to 0.5 bit time. 5:4 Reserved R Always read as 0 3 USB_SELF_POWER R/W This bit if set indicates that the device is self powered. This bit if reset indicates that the device is VBUS powered. 2 USB_REMOTE_WU R/W If the USB device is in SUSPEND and remote wake-up has been enabled, setting this bit to 1 will generate a 3ms wake-up event on the USB bus. This bit will auto clear. 1 USB_REMOTE_WU_CAP R/W This bit when set indicates to the UDC core that the device is remote wake-up capable. The UDC core responds to the Set/Clear Feature (DEVICE_REMOTE_WAKEUP) command if this bit is set. If this bit is reset, then the UDC responds to such a Set/Clear Feature (DEVICE_REMOTE_WAKEUP) command with a Stall. 0 USB_DETACH R/W Detach from USB: Remove 1.5 k pull-up 0 : Attach - the USB core follows the resistor_ecn specification defined for USB 2.0 specification. 1 : Detach TABLE 11-7: USB UDC STATUS REGISTER USB_STS_REG (0X9604 RESET=0X00 USB Status Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:5 USB_TIMESTAMP[10:8] R This field indicates the higher 3-bits of the time stamp received on a valid SOF. 4 UDC_REMOTE_STS R This bit, if set indicates the host has enabled the device for Remote wake-up using the Set_Feature (DEVICE_REMOTE_WAKEUP) Command. This bit is relevant only if USB_REMOTE_WU_CAP bit is 1. 3 SOF_GOOD R This bit is set when received SOF timestamps compare with the expected value. This bit is reset when SOF is missed or when timestamp does not compare with expected value. 2 SOF_MISSED R This bit is set when an SOF is not received within 16383 FS bit times. This bit is reset when this register is read. 1 USB_RESET_STS R This bit is set when the core detects more than 2.5 S (32 FS bit times) of SE0 on the D+ and D- lines. It continues to be set as long as SE0 is seen on the D+/D- lines. This bit resets when the USB lines change from SE0 after a USB reset condition. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 106  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The USB Interrupt register bits are cleared by software by writing a 1 in the corresponding bit. 0 USB_SUSPEND_STS R This bit is set by hardware when a USB Suspend is detected (idle for 6 ms). This bit remains asserted until a non-idle (K) state is on the USB cable or the USB_REMOTE_WU bit is asserted. TABLE 11-8: USB SOF REGISTER USB_SOF_REG (0X9605 RESET=0X00 USB SOF Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 USB_TIMESTAMP[7:0] R This field indicates the lower 8-bits of the time stamp received on a valid SOF. TABLE 11-9: USB INTERRUPT REGISTER USB_INT_REG (0X9606 RESET=0X00 USB Interrupt Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 USB_WU_INT R/W1C USB Wake Up CPU Interrupt: This bit is set when the USB controller is in the SUSPEND State and is activated by a non-idle signal from the USB line. This bit is cleared by software. 6 USB_RESET_INT R/W1 This bit is set when the core detects more than 2.5 S (32 FS bit times) of SE0 on the D+ and D- lines. It continues to be set as long as SE0 is seen on the D+/D- lines. This bit should be reset by software. 5 USB_SOF_INT R/W1 This bit is set when an USB Start of Frame PID (SOF) has been successfully received.This bit should be cleared by software. 4:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 USB_CFG_STS_INT R/W1 This bit is set when an update to the USB Configuration Status Register occurs for the following conditions: • A Set Configuration setup command is received and Config_Val[1:0] is updated. • A Set Interface setup command is received and Interface_Val[1:0] and Alt_InterfaceVal[1:0] are updated. 0 USB_SUSPEND_INT R/W1 This bit is set by hardware when a USB Suspend is detected (idle for 6 ms). This bit should be cleared by software before powering down the microcontroller. TABLE 11-7: USB UDC STATUS REGISTER (CONTINUED) USB_STS_REG (0X9604 RESET=0X00 USB Status Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 107 SEC1110/SEC1210 11.14 USB Endpoint 0~5 Status and Control Registers TABLE 11-10: USB INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER USB_ISR_EN_REG (0X9607 RESET=0X00 USB Interrupt Enable Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 USB_WU_INT_EN R/W Set this bit to enable the USB Wake Up CPU Interrupt. Clear this bit to disable the USB Wake Up CPU Interrupt. 6 USB_RESET_INT_EN R/W Set this bit to enable the USB_RESET CPU Interrupt. Clear this bit to disable the USB_RESET CPU Interrupt. 5 USB_SOF_INT_EN R/W Set this bit to enable the USB SOF CPU Interrupt. Clear this bit to disable the USB SOF CPU Interrupt. 4:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 USB_CFG_STS_EN R/W Set this bit to enable the USB_CFG_STS Update Interrupt. Clear this bit to disable the USB_CFG_STS Update Interrupt. 0 USB_SUSPEND_INT_EN R/W Set this bit to enable the USB SUSPEND CPU Interrupt. Clear this bit to disable the USB SUSPEND CPU Interrupt. TABLE 11-11: USB ENDPOINT 0~5 STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER USB_EP0_CTL_REG (0X9608 RESET=0X00 USB_EP1_CTL_REG (0X9609 RESET=0X00 USB_EP2_CTL_REG (0X960A RESET=0X00 USB_EP3_CTL_REG (0X960B RESET=0X00 USB_EP4_CTL_REG (0X960C RESET=0X00 USB_EP5_CTL_REG (0X960D RESET=0X00 USB Endpoint 0~5 Status and Control Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 TIMEOUT R This bit is valid when the UNSUCESSFUL bit is set. This bit is set when a USB timeout occurs for this endpoint. 6 STALL_CLR_EP0_HLT R/W This bit is valid only for Endpoint 0: This bit controls the behavior of response to the Clear Feature (ENDPOINT0 HALT) command. When this bit is set, the UDC core will send STALL for such a command. If this bit is reset, the core will send an ACK response. 5 STALLRQ R/W Stall Handshake Request Set this bit to request a STALL response to the next handshake. Clear this bit otherwise. For Control endpoints, it is cleared by hardware when a valid SETUP PID is received. This bit is cleared when RXSETUP is set. If a Clear Feature command is received, then any new transaction on this endpoint will depend on the status of this bit, whether it will be accepted (bit is reset), or it is stalled again (bit is still set). SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 108  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 4 TXRDY R/W TX Packet Ready: Set this bit after a valid packet has been placed into the endpoint buffer for IN transfers. This bit is reset by hardware after the host has acknowledged the packet for Control, Bulk, or Interrupt endpoints.This bit is reset by hardware after data is transmitted for Isochronous IN endpoints. When this bit is cleared, the Endpoint Interrupt is triggered (if enabled). In PingPong Mode, for an IN transaction, this bit is set if either BUF0_RDY or BUF1_RDY are set. 3 UNSUCCESSFUL R/W1 Unsuccessful USB Transaction: This bit is set for the following conditions: • A STALL handshake has been sent as requested by STALLRQ • USB timeout • Error in data packet on USB If this bit is set, the application must reset its buffer pointers to restart the transaction and ignore the data received in the current transaction. If a NAK is issued, the NAK bit is set. The UNSUCCESSFUL bit is write one to clear. 2 RXSETUP R/W1 Received SETUP: This bit is set by hardware when a valid SETUP packet has been received from the host. Then, all of the other bits of the register are cleared by hardware and the Endpoint Interrupt is triggered (if enabled). It should be cleared by the device software after reading the SETUP data from the endpoint data buffer. Any data on Endpoint 0 write buffer may be overwritten, on reception of a setup packet. Note: Even if an incomplete setup packet is received (i.e., an error was detected, or the UDC core internally handles it), the received bytes are written to the Endpoint 0 write buffer. Additionally, the address and count registers are reset. The RXSETUP bit is write one to clear. TABLE 11-11: USB ENDPOINT 0~5 STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) USB_EP0_CTL_REG (0X9608 RESET=0X00 USB_EP1_CTL_REG (0X9609 RESET=0X00 USB_EP2_CTL_REG (0X960A RESET=0X00 USB_EP3_CTL_REG (0X960B RESET=0X00 USB_EP4_CTL_REG (0X960C RESET=0X00 USB_EP5_CTL_REG (0X960D RESET=0X00 USB Endpoint 0~5 Status and Control Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 109 SEC1110/SEC1210 11.15 USB Endpoint 0 Buffer Registers The endpoint buffers (0~5) are part of the on-chip ERAM memory, and its start locations are programmable. The firmware views the buffers as memory mapped. The bi-directional control Endpoint 0 has 2 DMA buffers, one for write, and one for read. It is possible that there is write data in Endpoint 0 Write Buffer, when a Setup packet is received. The USB controller would reset the Address pointer and Count for Endpoint 0 Write Buffer automatically, enabling reception of this packet. Some of the Setup packets are handled by the UDC core automatically. As the USB bytes are received, the data is stored in Endpoint 0 Write Buffer. But if the UDC core can handle it internally, then the Endpoint 0 Write Address and count registers are reset automatically, and a packet reception is informed to the CPU as an OVERWRITE. 1 RXOUTB R/W1 Received OUT Data Bank: This bit is set by hardware after a new packet has been stored in the Endpoint 0 data buffer. If PingPong is enabled, then this bit is set when either buffer 0 or 1 is full (BUF0_RDY or BUF1_RDY is set). Then, the Endpoint Interrupt is triggered if enabled. All following OUT packets to the Endpoint Bank 0 are rejected (NAK’d) until this bit has been cleared. (If PingPong is enabled, NAK is sent if both buffers are full), except for Isochronous endpoints. However, for Control endpoints, an early SETUP transaction (RXOUTB is not set), may overwrite the contents of the endpoint data buffer, even if its data packet is received while this bit is set. This bit should be cleared by software after reading the OUT data from the endpoint buffer. The RXOUTB bit is write one to clear. 0 NAK R This bit is set when a NAK handshake is issued for this endpoint. TABLE 11-12: USB ENDPOINT 0 WRITE ADDRESS LOW REGISTER USB_EP0W_ADDRL_REG (0X960E RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint Write Address Low Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 AdrPtr[7:0] R/W Base Address lower bits pointing to on-chip ERAM for the Endpoint 0 Write Data. The address must be aligned to an address boundary which is a multiple of the size. 8B buffer: AdrPtr[2:0] must be 000 16B buffer: AdrPtr[3:0] must be 0000 32B buffer: AdrPtr[4:0] must be 00000 64B buffer: AdrPtr[5:0] must be 000000 As each byte is transferred to USB, this register increments and points to the next address. The address rolls over based on the size of the buffer. TABLE 11-11: USB ENDPOINT 0~5 STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) USB_EP0_CTL_REG (0X9608 RESET=0X00 USB_EP1_CTL_REG (0X9609 RESET=0X00 USB_EP2_CTL_REG (0X960A RESET=0X00 USB_EP3_CTL_REG (0X960B RESET=0X00 USB_EP4_CTL_REG (0X960C RESET=0X00 USB_EP5_CTL_REG (0X960D RESET=0X00 USB Endpoint 0~5 Status and Control Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 110  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 11-13: USB ENDPOINT 0 WRITE ADDRESS HIGH REGISTER USB_EP0W_ADDRH_REG (0X960F RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 0 Write Address High Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved R Always read as 0 6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5:4 Size R/W This field indicates the Endpoint 0 buffer size: 00 : 8B buffer 01 : 16B buffer 10 : 32B buffer 11 : 64B buffer 3:0 AdrPtr[11:8] R/W Base Address higher bits pointing to on-chip ERAM for the Endpoint 0 write data. TABLE 11-14: USB ENDPOINT 0 WRITE BYTE COUNT REGISTER USB_EP0W_BYTE_CNT_REG (0X9610 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 0 Byte Count Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 OVERWRITE R This bit is set when a Setup packet is received from the USB, and the previous buffer data has not been read by the software yet. The software must ignore the previous USB command and respond to the Setup command. 6:0 COUNT R/W Byte Count: This is the number of valid bytes that have been received. This value will never be greater than the MaxPktSize for the endpoint. As bytes are received from the USB, this counter increments. If the packet was not received successfully, then it is automatically reset to 0. The Count Register is also cleared when the RXOUTB bit for EP0 is reset by firmware. Note: Anomaly 10 in SEC1110/SEC1210 chip: when a SETUP packet overwrites an earlier SETUP/OUT packet in Endpoint 0 the write buffer may show a byte-count other than 8 in the USB_EP0W_BYTE_CNT_REG. The byte-count could be the sum of the previous packet and the current packet. Since SETUP packets are always 8 bytes, firmware must ignore the USB_EP0W_BYTE_CNT_REG and assume that 8 bytes were received unless an error was indicated. This anomaly is fixed in SEC1110/SEC1210. TABLE 11-15: USB ENDPOINT 0 READ ADDRESS LOW REGISTER USB_EP0R_ADDRL_REG (0X9611 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint Read Address Low Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 AdrPtr[7:0] R/W Base Address lower bits pointing to on-chip ERAM for the Endpoint 0 read data. The address must be aligned to an address boundary which is a multiple of the size. 8B buffer: AdrPtr[2:0] must be 000b 16B buffer: AdrPtr[3:0] must be 0000b 32B buffer: AdrPtr[4:0] must be 00000b 64B buffer: AdrPtr[5:0] must be 000000b As each byte is transferred to USB, this register increments and points to the next address. The address rolls over based on the size of the buffer.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 111 SEC1110/SEC1210 11.16 Endpoints 1~5 Buffer Registers Each endpoints numbered 1~5 may be configured to be used with the UDC core or SPI1 or UART, as indicated by the PERIPHERAL[1:0] bits. Each of these may be configured as IN (data is transmitted) or OUT (data is received) endpoint as indicated by the Direction bit. TABLE 11-16: USB ENDPOINT 0 READ ADDRESS HIGH REGISTER USB_EP0R_ADDRH_REG (0X9612 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 0 Read Address High Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved R Always read as 0 6 Reserved R Always read as 0. 5:4 Size R/W This field indicates the Endpoint 0 buffer size: 00 : 8B buffer 01 : 16B buffer 10 : 32B buffer 11 : 64B buffer 3:0 AdrPtr[11:8] R/W Base Address higher bits pointing to on-chip ERAM for the Endpoint 0 read data. TABLE 11-17: USB ENDPOINT 0 READ BYTE COUNT REGISTER USB_EP0R_BYTE_CNT_REG (0X9613 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 0 Read Byte Count Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved R Always read as 0 6:0 COUNT R/W This field is the number of valid bytes to send in the next IN. This value should never be greater than the MaxPktSize for the endpoint. As the bytes are transferred over USB, this register decrements, and it indicates the number of bytes left in the buffer. TABLE 11-18: USB ENDPOINT 1-5 ADDRESS LOW REGISTER USB_EP1_ADDRL_REG (0X9614 RESET=0X00) USB_EP2_ADDRL_REG (0X9618 RESET=0X00) USB_EP3_ADDRL_REG (0X961C RESET=0X00) USB_EP4_ADDRL_REG (0X9620 RESET=0X00) USB_EP5_ADDRL_REG (0X9624 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 1-5 Address Low Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 AdrPtr[7:0] R/W Base Address lower bits pointing to on-chip ERAM for the Endpoint 1-5 read/write data. The address must be aligned to an address boundary which is a multiple of the size. 8B buffer: AdrPtr[2:0] must be 000b 16B buffer: AdrPtr[3:0] must be 0000b 32B buffer: AdrPtr[4:0] must be 00000b 64B buffer: AdrPtr[5:0] must be 000000b SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 112  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The USB firmware must maintain a copy of the PingPong bit in firmware to distinguish which buffer was first received/transmitted when both buffers are full. TABLE 11-19: USB ENDPOINT 1~5 ADDRESS HIGH REGISTER USB_EP1_ADDRH_REG (0X9615 RESET=0X00) USB_EP2_ADDRH_REG (0X9619 RESET=0X00) USB_EP3_ADDRH_REG (0X961D RESET=0X00) USB_EP4_ADDRH_REG (0X9621 RESET=0X00) USB_EP5_ADDRH_REG (0X9625 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 1~5 Write Address High Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Direction R/W This bit indicates the direction of the endpoint. 0 : OUT (data is received) 1 : IN (data is transmitted) 6 PingPong R/W If the PingPong bit is set, then there are 2 Size buffers allocated for this endpoint. The AdrPtr[7:0] field must be aligned to an address boundary which is a multiple of twice that of Size. 5:4 Size R/W This field indicates the endpoint buffer size: 00 : 8B buffer 01 : 16B buffer 10 : 32B buffer 11 : 64B buffer 3:0 AdrPtr[11:8] R/W Base Address higher bits pointer to on-chip ERAM for the endpoint 1~5 data. TABLE 11-20: USB ENDPOINT 1~5 BYTE COUNT0 REGISTER USB_EP1_CNT_REG (0X9616 RESET=0X00) USB_EP2_CNT_REG (0X961A RESET=0X00) USB_EP3_CNT_REG (0X961E RESET=0X00) USB_EP4_CNT_REG (0X9622 RESET=0X00) USB_EP5_CNT_REG (0X9626 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 1~5 Byte Count0 Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved R Always read as 0 6:0 COUNT0 R/W Byte Count: This field is the number of valid bytes that have been received for an OUT endpoint or the number of valid bytes to send in the next IN, for an IN endpoint. This value would never be greater than the MaxPktSize for the endpoint. As bytes are received (OUT)/transmitted (IN) from the USB, this counter increments (IN)/decrements (OUT). If the packet was not received successfully, then it is automatically reset to 0 for an OUT endpoint.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 113 SEC1110/SEC1210 TABLE 11-21: USB ENDPOINT 1~5 BYTE COUNT1 REGISTER USB_EP1_CNT1_REG (0X962A RESET=0X00) USB_EP2_CNT1_REG (0X962B RESET=0X00) USB_EP3_CNT1_REG (0X962C RESET=0X00) USB_EP4_CNT1_REG (0X962D RESET=0X00) USB_EP5_CNT1_REG (0X962E RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 1~5 Byte Count1 Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved R Always read as 0 6:0 COUNT1 R/W Byte Count: used when BUF1_RDY bit is set. This field is the number of valid bytes that have been received for an OUT endpoint or the number of valid bytes to send in the next IN, for an IN endpoint. This value would never be greater than the MaxPktSize for the endpoint. As bytes are received (OUT)/transmitted (IN) from the USB, this counter increments (IN)/decrements (OUT). If the packet was not received successfully, then it is automatically reset to 0 for an OUT endpoint. TABLE 11-22: USB ENDPOINT 0~5 BUFFER READY REGISTER USB_EP1_BUFRDY_REG (0X9617 RESET=0X00) USB_EP2_BUFRDY_REG (0X961B RESET=0X00) USB_EP3_BUFRDY_REG (0X961F RESET=0X00) USB_EP4_BUFRDY_REG (0X9623 RESET=0X00) USB_EP5_BUFRDY_REG (0X9627 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 1~5 Buffer ready Registers BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 PERIPHERAL[1:0] R/W These bits indicate which peripheral device IO the endpoints are mapped to. 00 : USB 01 : SPI1 10 : UART 11 : Reserved 5:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 BUF1_RDY R/W This bit is used only if the PingPong bit is enabled for the endpoint. For an IN endpoint (data is transmitted), the firmware sets this bit to indicate buffer 1 is ready. The hardware resets this bit after data is transmitted. The COUNT1 Register indicates the number of bytes (can be maximum size packet or less than that for last packet) received or transmitted. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 114  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. If the PERIPHERAL[1:0] bits indicate an endpoint as mapped to USB core, then for an OUT endpoint, setting of the BUF0_RDY or BUF1_RDY bits would also cause setting the TXRDY bit in corresponding EPx_CTL_REG. Similarly, for an IN endpoint mapped to USB core, resetting of BUF0_RDY or BUF1_RDY would also cause resetting the RXOUTB0 bit in the corresponding EPx_CTL_REG. The COUNT0 and COUNT1 registers indicate the byte count valid for buffers 0 and 1 when BUF0_RDY and BUF1_RDY are set, respectively. 0 BUF0_RDY R/W For an IN endpoint (data is transmitted), this bit is set by the firmware to indicate that data is ready to be sent. The COUNT0 Register indicates the number of bytes (can be maximum size packet or less than that for last packet). After the data is transmitted by the device, the hardware would reset this bit for Buffer 0 ready. If PingPong is enabled, then the firmware sets the BUF0_RDY bit for first packet, BUF1_RDY for the second packet and so on. The hardware empties the buffers similarly, and resets the ready bits. If data is not available (ready bit is not set), then a NACK would be sent for that endpoint (USB), or an underflow (SPI1 or UART) may occur. For an OUT endpoint (data is received), this bit is set by the hardware to indicate the buffer has data. The COUNT0 Register indicates the number of bytes (can be maximum size packet or less than that for last packet). After the firmware has read the data, it indicates the buffer is available for hardware, by writing a 1 to reset this bit. If the PingPong bit is enabled, then hardware fills Buffer 0 and 1 alternatively and sets the BUF0_RDY, then BUF1_RDY bits accordingly. The firmware resets these bits when data is read. The hardware will not write data to a buffer if its ready bit is set, indicating that the firmware has not read the data. This may cause a NACK to be sent for that endpoint (USB), or an overflow (SPI1 or UART) may occur. If the firmware does a write with both bits (BUF0_RDY and BUF1_RDY) set, then both hardware internal pointers to buffer and BUF0_RDY, BUF1_RDY bits are reset, irrespective of the PingPong bit setting. TABLE 11-23: USB ENDPOINT INTERRUPT REGISTER USB_EP_ISR_REG (0X9628 RESET=0X00 USB Endpoint Interrupt Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always reads as 0 5 EP5INT R/W1 Endpoint 5 Interrupt: This bit is set when an interrupt has been detected on Endpoint 5. The interrupt sources are part of the USB_EP5_CTL_REG Register and can be: TXCMP, RXOUTB0 (BUF0_RDY/BUF1_RDY), UNSUCESSFUL. A USB interrupt is triggered when USB_EP_ISR_IE_REG.EP5INT_EN is set. This bit is cleared by hardware when a 1 is written. TABLE 11-22: USB ENDPOINT 0~5 BUFFER READY REGISTER USB_EP1_BUFRDY_REG (0X9617 RESET=0X00) USB_EP2_BUFRDY_REG (0X961B RESET=0X00) USB_EP3_BUFRDY_REG (0X961F RESET=0X00) USB_EP4_BUFRDY_REG (0X9623 RESET=0X00) USB_EP5_BUFRDY_REG (0X9627 RESET=0X00) USB Endpoint 1~5 Buffer ready Registers BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 115 SEC1110/SEC1210 4 EP4INT R/W1 Endpoint 4 Interrupt: This bit is set when an interrupt has been detected on Endpoint 4. The interrupt sources are part of the USB_EP4_CTL_REG Register and can be: TXCMP, RXOUTB0 (BUF0_RDY/BUF1_RDY), UNSUCESSFUL. A USB interrupt is triggered when USB_EP_ISR_IE_REG.EP4INT_EN is set. This bit is cleared by hardware when a 1 is written. 3 EP3INT R/W1 Endpoint 3 Interrupt: This bit is set when an interrupt has been detected on Endpoint 3. The interrupt sources are part of the USB_EP3_CTL_REG Register and can be: TXCMP, RXOUTB0 (BUF0_RDY/BUF1_RDY), UNCESSFUL. A USB interrupt is triggered when USB_EP_ISR_IE_REG.EP3INT_EN is set. This bit is cleared by hardware when a 1 is written. 2 EP2INT R/W1 Endpoint 2 Interrupt: This bit is set when an interrupt has been detected on Endpoint 2. The interrupt sources are part of the USB_EP2_CTL_REG Register and can be: TXCMP, RXOUTB0 (BUF0_RDY/BUF1_RDY), UNSUCESSFUL. A USB interrupt is triggered when USB_EP_ISR_IE_REG.EP2INT_EN is set. This bit is cleared by hardware when a 1 is written. 1 EP1INT R/W1 Endpoint 1 Interrupt: This bit is set when an interrupt has been detected on Endpoint 1. The interrupt sources are part of the USB_EP1_CTL_REG Register and can be: TXCMP, RXOUTB0 (BUF0_RDY/BUF1_RDY), UNCESSFUL. A USB interrupt is triggered when USB_EP_ISR_IE_REG.EP1INT_EN is set. This bit is cleared by hardware when a 1 is written. 0 EP0INT R/W1 Endpoint 0 Interrupt: This bit is set when an interrupt has been detected on Endpoint 0. The interrupt sources are part of the USB_EP0_CTL_REG Register and can be: TXCMPL, RXOUTB0, RXOUTB1, RXSETUP, or UNSUCCESSFUL. A USB interrupt is triggered when USB_EP_ISR_IE_REG.EP0INT_EN is set. This bit is cleared by hardware when a 1 is written. TABLE 11-24: USB ENDPOINT INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER USB_EP_ISR_EN_REG (0X9629 RESET=0X00 USB Endpoint Interrupt Enable Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 EP5INT_EN R/W Endpoint 5 Interrupt Enable: Set this bit to enable the interrupts for this endpoint. Clear this bit to disable the interrupts for this endpoint. 4 EP4INT_EN R/W Endpoint 4 Interrupt Enable: Set this bit to enable the interrupts for this endpoint. Clear this bit to disable the interrupts for this endpoint. TABLE 11-23: USB ENDPOINT INTERRUPT REGISTER (CONTINUED) USB_EP_ISR_REG (0X9628 RESET=0X00 USB Endpoint Interrupt Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 116  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 3 EP3INT_EN R/W Endpoint 3 Interrupt Enable: Set this bit to enable the interrupts for this endpoint. Clear this bit to disable the interrupts for this endpoint. 2 EP2INT_EN R/W Endpoint 2 Interrupt Enable: Set this bit to enable the interrupts for this endpoint. Clear this bit to disable the interrupts for this endpoint. 1 EP1INT_EN R/W Endpoint 1 Interrupt Enable: Set this bit to enable the interrupts for this endpoint. Clear this bit to disable the interrupts for this endpoint. 0 EP0INT_EN R/W Endpoint 0 Interrupt Enable: Set this bit to enable the interrupts for this endpoint. Clear this bit to disable the interrupts for this endpoint. TABLE 11-24: USB ENDPOINT INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (CONTINUED) USB_EP_ISR_EN_REG (0X9629 RESET=0X00 USB Endpoint Interrupt Enable Register BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 117 SEC1110/SEC1210 12.0 GPIO AND LED INTERFACE The registers in this block are on the 8051 XDATA bus. They are defined as an offset. The SEC1110 and SEC1210 GPIO Interface provides general purpose input monitoring and output control, as well as managing many aspects of pin functionality; including, multi-function pin multiplexing control, output buffer type control, PU/PD resistors, asynchronous wake-up and synchronous interrupt detection, GPIO direction, pad current control, and polarity control. Features of the GPIO Interface include: • Inputs: - Asynchronous rising and falling edge wake-up detection - Interrupt High or Low Level - Can disable input (always reads as 0) to disable wake-up detection • Pull-up or pull-down resistor control • Interrupt and wake capability available for all GPIOs • Debounce filter with individual programmable timer (10 s - 256 ms) 12.1 GPIO Pin Mapping Each GPIO pad may be operated as a General Purpose Input Output pin (GPIO), or connected through two auxiliary interfaces (A or B) to an internal functional block. An internal functional block must be initialized first before switching its GPIO pins to Auxiliary Mode. In Auxiliary Mode, the output, output enable, input, and input enable of the Auxiliary block are connected to the corresponding pad signals. Additionally, if the pull-up/pull-down enable bit of the GPIO_PORTx- _PUD_EN is zero, the functional block connected to the Auxiliary port controls the pull-up, and pull-down resistor of the pads. If an auxiliary block does not have pull-up/pull-down control, then the GPIO_PORTx_PUD_EN bit can be set to enable pull-up or pull-down to the pad. For GPIO0 (SC1_IO) and GPIO16 (SC2_IO) pads, there are additional register bits defined to indicate the strength of pull-up resistor, as 20 k or 11 k. The GPIO_IN Register is writable. If GPIO_IN_EN register bit is disabled, then a pad input may be disabled, and the input value written by software. The GPIO PORT3 is configured as a read-only port in SEC1110/SEC1210. TABLE 12-1: GPIO PIN MAPPING PORT# GPIO# SEC1110 AND SEC1210 PACKAGE COMMENT GPIO AUX A AUX B POWER RAIL, DEBOUNCE PORT0 GPIO0 GPIO0 SC1_IO SC1_VCC (Note 12-2) GPIO1 GPIO1 SC1_CLK SC1_VCC (Note 12-2) GPIO2 GPIO2 SC1_RST_N SC1_VCC (Note 12-2) GPIO3 GPIO3 SC1_C4 SC1_VCC (Note 12-2) GPIO4 GPIO4 SC1_C8 SC1_VCC (Note 12-2) GPIO5 GPIO5/ TIMER2_T2EX SC_LED_ACT_N JTAG_TDO VDD33 (Note 12-7) GPIO6 SC1_PRSNT_N/ GPIO6/ TIMER0_IN JTAG_TMS VDD33, DEBOUNCE (Note 12-8) GPIO7 GPIO7 Reserved Reserved VDD33 (Note 12-10) SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 118  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. PORT1 GPIO8 GPIO8 SPI1_MISO RXD VDD33, DEBOUNCE GPIO9 GPIO9 SPI1_MOSI TXD VDD33, DEBOUNCE GPIO10 GPIO10 SPI1_CLK CTS VDD33, DEBOUNCE GPIO11 GPIO11 SPI1_CE_N RTS VDD33, DEBOUNCE GPIO12 GPIO12 SPI2_MI Reserved VDD33 DEBOUNCE (Note 12-1) GPIO13 GPIO13 SPI2_MO Reserved VDD33 DEBOUNCE (Note 12-1) GPIO14 GPIO14 SPI2_CLK Reserved VDD33 DEBOUNCE (Note 12-1) GPIO15 GPIO15 SPI2_CE_N Reserved VDD33 DEBOUNCE (Note 12-1) PORT2 GPIO16 GPIO16/ TIMER2_CC_IN0 SC2_IO TIMER2_CC_OUT0 SC2_VCC DEBOUNCE (Note 12-1, Note 12- 3) GPIO17 GPIO17/ TIMER2_CC_IN1 SC2_CLK TIMER2_CC_OUT1 SC2_VCC DEBOUNCE (Note 12-1, Note 12- 3) GPIO18 GPIO18/ TIMER2_CC_IN2 SC2_RST_N TIMER2_CC_OUT2 SC2_VCC DEBOUNCE (Note 12-1, Note 12- 3) GPIO19 SC2_PRSNT_N JTAG_TDI TIMER1_IN VDD33, DEBOUNCE (Note 12-1, Note 12- 9, Note 12-10) GPIO20 GPIO20/TIMER2_C C_IN3 PCLK_ENABLE TIMER2_CC_OUT3 VDD33 DEBOUNCE GPIO21 GPIO21 JTAG_CLK TIMER2_IN VDD33, DEBOUNCE (Note 12-5) GPIO22 GPIO22 TEST/ EXT_OSC_48MHZ Unassigned VDD33 (Note 12-6) GPIO23 PCLK_IN_48MHZ/G PIO23 Reserved Reserved VDD33 DEBOUNCE TABLE 12-1: GPIO PIN MAPPING (CONTINUED) PORT# GPIO# SEC1110 AND SEC1210 PACKAGE COMMENT GPIO AUX A AUX B POWER RAIL, DEBOUNCE  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 119 SEC1110/SEC1210 The mapping of the GPIO pins to the package pins is shown in Table 12-1, “GPIO Pin Mapping,” on page 117. Note 12-1 The SPI2_MI, SPI2_MO, SPI2_CLK, SPI2_CE pads are not available in the SEC1110 and SEC1210 packages. The SPI2 Master can also be observed using the SC2 pads in the SEC1210 package. The selection of these alternate ports is based on Auxiliary Enable and Auxiliary Select registers (aux_port2_b_en[3:0]) and if the SPI2 clock is enabled (SPI2_CLK_EN). If SPI2 is disabled, the Timer 2 ccbus[2:0] is connected to the GPIO[18:16] as outputs. The SPI2 interface is enabled by BOND2 in the QFN48 debug package. Note 12-2 The SC1_CLK, SC1_IO, SC1_RST_N, SC1_C4, and SC1_C8 pads are in the SC1_VCC power rail (5V/3.0V/1.8V/0V). The pad’s pull-ups and pull-downs are controlled by the Smart Card 1 Block in Auxiliary A Mode. Note 12-3 The SC2_CLK, SC2_IO, and SC2_RST_N pads are in the SC2_VCC power rail (5V/3.0V/1.8V/0V). The pad’s pull-ups and pull-downs are controlled by the Smart Card 2 Block in Auxiliary A Mode. Note 12-4 VDD33 power rail is powered down in STOP power mode. Note 12-5 The power up state of the GPIO21 pin when RESET_N is released controls the JTAG Mode. The JTAG_CLK pad has a weak pull-down at reset time. An external pull-up is applied to enable JTAG at reset time. This pull-down can be disabled if software determines the chip is in Debug Mode. The JTAG Mode is disabled if the OTP_JTAG_DIS bit is programmed. The GPIO21 pad powers up as JTAG_CLK in Auxiliary A Mode if JTAG is enabled. If not in JTAG Mode, this pin may be used as TIMER2_IN(t2) input or as GPIO21. Note 12-6 The power up state of the TEST pin when RESET_N is released controls the Test Mode. The TEST pad has a weak pull-down. In Functional Mode, the software disables the input enable for this bit and disables the pull-down. Note 12-7 The GPIO5/TIMER2_T2EX input may be used to control the Timer 2 in Reload Mode 1. The TIMER2_CC_OUT[2:0] outputs of Timer 2 are output through GPIO[18:16] pins in Auxiliary B Mode. These are used to generate a pulse-width modulated waveform. Alternatively, these pads may be used as TIMER2_CC_IN[2:0] inputs in Capture Mode. Note 12-8 The GPIO6/TIMER0_IN pin may be used as a t0 input for Timer 0 In Auxiliary A Mode, this pin may be used as JTAG_TDI input (if JTAG is enabled), or SPI2_MI (If SPI2 is enabled in SEC1210 package). The GPIO19/TIMER1_IN pin may be used as an “t1” input for Timer 1. Additionally, the Ref_Clk_Out signal is observed in Auxiliary B Mode for monitoring the frequency of the oscillator clocks. Note 12-9 The GPIO19/TIMER1_IN pin may be used as a t1 input for Timer 1. Additionally, the Ref_Clk_Out signal is observed in Auxiliary B Mode for monitoring the frequency of the oscillator clocks. Note 12-10 There is no GPIO7 package pin. The GPIO_PORT0_OUT7 Register, when zero, allows the GPIO5 pin to function normally. The GPIO_PORT0_DIR[7] Register, when zero, enables normal functionality PORT3 GPIO24 BOND0 Reserved Reserved VDD33 GPIO25 BOND1 Reserved Reserved VDD33 GPIO26 BOND2/EXT_SPI2_ EN Reserved Reserved VDD33 GPIO27 BOND3/GPIO27 Reserved Reserved VDD33 GPIO28 PJTAG_TMS Reserved Reserved VDD33 DEBOUNCE GPIO29 PJTAG_TDI Reserved Reserved VDD33 DEBOUNCE GPIO30 PJTAG_TDO Reserved Reserved VDD33 DEBOUNCE GPIO31 Reserved Reserved Reserved VDD33 TABLE 12-1: GPIO PIN MAPPING (CONTINUED) PORT# GPIO# SEC1110 AND SEC1210 PACKAGE COMMENT GPIO AUX A AUX B POWER RAIL, DEBOUNCE SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 120  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. of the GPIO6 and GPIO19 pads. When the GPIO_PORT0_DIR[7] Register is set, it disables the updates to the GPIO_PORT0_IN[6] and GPIO_PORT0_IN[19] register bits from the pads. This functionality is used when JTAG_CLK_LAT is enabled and functionality of SC1_PRSNT_N and SC2_PRSNT_N can be emulated by software. Note 12-11 In the SEC1110/SEC1210 revision, the BOND3 pad is used as JTAG_TRSTN (active low) pins for 8051 JTAG and TEST_JTAG controllers. In SEC1110/SEC1210 version, the BOND3 is not used as JTAG_TRSTN (not needed). The internal pull-up is enabled for this pin in functional and test modes. Note 12-12 In QFN48 debug package, the PJTAG_TDI, PJTAG_TMS inputs are used for JTAG. In other packages, these inputs are disabled. Note 12-13 In other packages, these inputs are disabled. Note 12-14 Though PJTAG_TDO is connected as GPIO[30] which is part of read-only GPIO3 ports, this pad is an output in QFN48 debug package. It is driven when chip is out of reset. The input enable is controlled by the GPIO registers. The bond options are shown in Table 12-2, "Bond Options". 12.1.1 PROCEDURE FOR READING THE BOND_OPT REGISTER To read the BOND bits: 1. Enable the pull-ups on the BOND GPIO pads. 2. Wait (at least) 1 sec for the pull-ups to take effect. 3. Read the GPIO_PORT3_IN Register. 4. Disable the pull-ups, tristate the BOND pads, and disable input reads. The BOND2 input indicates if reset execution is from external SPI2 or internal ROM/OTP_ROM. 12.2 Functional Mode and Test Modes The chip is in low power STOP Mode, when the RESET_N signal is asserted low. All the GPIO pads are powered down in this state. On release of the internal RESET_N pin signal, the power to the pads is applied and the state of the TEST, JTAG_CLK, and JTAG_TDI pins are latched. When latched, these values are referred to as the TEST_LAT, JTAG_- CLK_LAT, and JTAG_TDI_LAT. The desired state of TEST, JTAG_CLK, and JTAG_TDI must be not changed for 1.4 ms after the release of RESET_N. After this time, the TEST and JTAG_CLK pins may be used as described in Table 12-3, “Functional Mode and Test Modes,” on page 121. TABLE 12-2: BOND OPTIONS PART BOND0 BOND1 BOND2 BOND3 DESCRIPTION SEC1110 0 0 X H (internal pull-up) SEC1110 Mode SEC1210 0 1 X H (internal pull-up) SEC1210 Mode Reserved 1 0 X Reserved Debug 1 1 0 1 SEC1110 Debug Package SPI2 port present CPU executes from internal ROM/ OTP ROM CFG_DEBUG=1 Debug 1 1 1 1 SEC1110 Debug Package SPI2 port present CPU executes from external SPI2 ROM EXT_SPI_EN=1 for this case, and EXT_SPI_EN=0 otherwise CFG_DEBUG=1  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 121 SEC1110/SEC1210 The TEST and JTAG_CLK pads have a weak pull-down just after the reset state (internal regulators are powered up). In normal functional modes, the TEST and JTAG_CLK pins are grounded. If JTAG debugging support is required, then a pull-up may be applied on the JTAG_CLK and TEST pin is grounded. The JTAG_TDI_LAT value is used by the boot ROM firmware to decide the MEM_CLK_DIV value at boot time for External Clock Mode. A power cycle is required to switch the chip mode. 12.3 GPIO Registers Summary The register addresses indicated below are XDATA memory addresses. The GPIO ports are configured as 8-bits wide, and there are four GPIO ports numbered 0,1,2,3. There are two memory decode regions for the GPIO registers. The Alternate XDATA address decode enables access as a bit-indexed array. TABLE 12-3: FUNCTIONAL MODE AND TEST MODES RESET_N=0, RESET_N RELEASED (T < 1.4 MS) T > 1.4 MS AFTER RESET_N RELEASE RESET STATE FUNCTION TEST JTAG_ CLK/G PIO21 TEST JTAG_CLK/G PIO21 RESET RELEASED FUNCTION STOP Mode when RESET_N=0 00 X PIO21/ TIMER2_IN Functional Mode: Chip Functional Mode with JTAG disabled. TEST_LAT=0, JTAG_CLK_LAT=0 STOP Mode when RESET_N=0 0 1 X (0 recommended ) JTAG_CLK Debug1 Mode: Chip Functional Mode with JTAG enabled, provided the JTAG_DIS bit is 0 (OTP Register). If the JTAG_DIS bit is 1, then the chip functions in Functional Mode. TEST_LAT=0, JTAG_CLK_LAT=1 STOP Mode when RESET_N=0 1 1 EXT_OSC_48 MHZ JTAG_CLK Debub2 Mode: Chip Functional Mode with JTAG enabled provided the JTAG_DIS bit is 0 (OTP Register). The TEST pin is used as an external 48 MHz oscillator input. OSC48_CTL.EXT_OSC48_PRESENT is 1 in this Mode. If the JTAG_DIS bit is 1, then the chip functions in Functional Mode. TEST_LAT=1, JTAG_CLK_LAT=1 STOP Mode when RESET_N=0 1 0 X X Test Mode: TEST_LAT=1, JTAG_CLK_LAT=0 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 122  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 12-4: GPIO REGISTER MAP PORT# REGISTER NAME XDATA ADDRESS ALTERNATE XDATA ADDRESS EC TYPE PORT0 GPIO_AUX_PORT0_EN 0x9C00 0x9D00 R/W GPIO_PORT0_DIR 0x9C01 0x9D04 R/W GPIO_PORT0_IN 0x9C02 0x9D08 R/W GPIO_PORT0_OUT 0x9C03 0x9D0C R/W GPIO_PORT0_PUD_EN 0x9C04 0x9D10 R/W GPIO_PORT0_DEBOUNCE_CNT 0x9C05 0x9D14 R/W GPIO_AUX_PORT0_SEL 0x9C06 0x9D18 R/W GPIO_PORT0_INT_EN 0x9C07 0x9D1C R/W GPIO_PORT0_PUD 0x9C08 0x9D20 R/W GPIO_PORT0_OE 0x9C09 0x9D24 R/W GPIO_PORT0_INTYPE 0x9C0A 0x9D28 R/W GPIO_PORT0_INT_EDGE 0x9C0B 0x9D2C R/W GPIO_PORT0_IN_EN 0x9C0C 0x9D30 R/W GPIO_PORT0_INT_STS 0x9C0D 0x9D34 R/W GPIO_PORT0_PUS 0x9C0E 0x9D38 R/W GPIO_PORT0_DEBOUNCE_EN 0x9C0F 0x9D3C R/W PORT1 GPIO_AUX_PORT1_EN 0x9C10 0x9D01 R/W GPIO_PORT1_DIR 0x9C11 0x9D05 R/W GPIO_PORT1_IN 0x9C12 0x9D09 R/W GPIO_PORT1_OUT 0x9C13 0x9D0D R/W GPIO_PORT1_PUD_EN 0x9C14 0x9D11 R/W GPIO_PORT1_DEBOUNCE_CNT 0x9C15 0x9D15 R/W GPIO_AUX_PORT1_SEL 0x9C16 0x9D19 R/W GPIO_PORT1_INT_EN 0x9C17 0x9D1D R/W GPIO_PORT1_PUD 0x9C18 0x9D21 R/W GPIO_PORT1_OE 0x9C19 0x9D25 R/W GPIO_PORT1_INTYPE 0x9C1A 0x9D29 R/W GPIO_PORT1_INT_EDGE 0x9C1B 0x9D2D R/W GPIO_PORT1_IN_EN 0x9C1C 0x9D31 R/W GPIO_PORT1_INT_STS 0x9C1D 0x9D35 R/W GPIO_PORT1_PUS 0x9C1E 0x9D39 R/W GPIO_PORT1_DEBOUNCE_EN 0x9C1F 0x9D3D R/W  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 123 SEC1110/SEC1210 12.4 GPIO Registers In the SEC1110/SEC1210 version, the GPIO block uses the CPU clock. Therefore, if the CPU is in CPU_STOP mode, the GPIO_PORTx_IN registers do not reflect the value of the pins. This is due to the absence of the CPU clock in CPU_STOP mode when debounce clock is enabled. In SEC1110/SEC1210 version, the CPU peripheral clock is connected to GPIO block and hence can wakeup the processor. The GPIO_PORT3 registers are read only, with controls for pull-up and pull-down. They are used for reading the bond options. PORT2 GPIO_AUX_PORT2_EN 0x9C20 0x9D02 R/W GPIO_PORT2_DIR 0x9C21 0x9D06 R/W GPIO_PORT2_IN 0x9C22 0x9D0A R/W GPIO_PORT2_OUT 0x9C23 0x9D0E R/W GPIO_PORT2_PUD_EN 0x9C24 0x9D12 R/W GPIO_PORT2_DEBOUNCE_CNT 0x9C25 0x9D16 R/W GPIO_AUX_PORT2_SEL 0x9C26 0x9D1A R/W GPIO_PORT2_INT_EN 0x9C27 0x9D1E R/W GPIO_PORT2_PUD 0x9C28 0x9D22 R/W GPIO_PORT2_OE 0x9C29 0x9D26 R/W GPIO_PORT2_INTYPE 0x9C2A 0x9D2A R/W GPIO_PORT2_INT_EDGE 0x9C2B 0x9D2E R/W GPIO_PORT2_IN_EN 0x9C2C 0x9D32 R/W GPIO_PORT2_INT_STS 0x9C2D 0x9D36 R/W GPIO_PORT2_PUS 0x9C2E 0x9D3A R/W GPIO_PORT2_DEBOUNCE_EN 0x9C2F 0x9D3E R/W PORT3 GPIO_AUX_PORT3_EN 0x9C30 0x9D03 R/W GPIO_PORT3_DIR 0x9C31 0x9D07 R/W GPIO_PORT3_IN 0x9C32 0x9D0B R/W GPIO_PORT3_OUT 0x9C33 0x9D0F R/W GPIO_PORT3_PUD_EN 0x9C34 0x9D13 R/W GPIO_PORT3_DEBOUNCE_CNT 0x9C35 0x9D17 R/W GPIO_AUX_PORT3_SEL 0x9C36 0x9D1B R/W GPIO_PORT3_INT_EN 0x9C37 0x9D1F R/W GPIO_PORT3_PUD 0x9C38 0x9D23 R/W GPIO_PORT3_OE 0x9C39 0x9D27 R/W GPIO_PORT3_INTYPE 0x9C3A 0x9D2B R/W GPIO_PORT3_INT_EDGE 0x9C3B 0x9D2F R/W GPIO_PORT3_IN_EN 0x9C3C 0x9D33 R/W GPIO_PORT3_INT_STS 0x9C3D 0x9D37 R/W GPIO_PORT3_PUS 0x9C3E 0x9D3B R/W GPIO_PORT3_DEBOUNCE_EN 0x9C3F 0x9D3F R/W TABLE 12-4: GPIO REGISTER MAP (CONTINUED) PORT# REGISTER NAME XDATA ADDRESS ALTERNATE XDATA ADDRESS EC TYPE SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 124  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 12-5: GPIO AUXILIARY PORT 0,1,2,3 ENABLE REGISTER GPIO_AUX_PORT0_EN (0X9C00~0X9C00 - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_AUX_PORT1_EN (0X9C10~0X9C10 - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130 GPIO_AUX_PORT2_EN (0X9C20~0X9C20 - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_AUX_PORT3_EN (0X9C30~0X9C30 - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO AUXILIARY PORT 0,1,2,3 ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_AUX_PORT_EN[7:0] R/W GPIO Auxiliary Port Enable: 0 : Pads controlled by GPIO registers 1 : Pads controlled by Auxiliary Ports A or B. The GPIO_AUX_PORT3_EN Register is read only, and is always 0. TABLE 12-6: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 DIRECTION REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_DIR (0X9C01~0X9C01- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_DIR (0X9C11~0X9C11- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_DIR (0X9C21~0X9C21- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_DIR (0X9C31~0X9C31- RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 DIRECTION REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_PORT_DIR[7:0] R/W GPIO Direction: Controlls the output enable of the pad, when the GPIO_AUX_PORT_EN bit is 0. 0 : In, the input state is controlled by the GPIO_IN_EN bits 1 : Out The GPIO_PORT3_DIR register is read only, and is always 0. TABLE 12-7: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 IN REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_IN (0X9C02~9C02- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_IN (0X9C12~9C12- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_IN (0X9C22~9C22- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_IN (0X9C32~9C32- RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 IN REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_IN[7:0] R/W GPIO Pad Input Buffer Data  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 125 SEC1110/SEC1210 The pull-up/down resistor control to the Auxiliary ports are enabled for a GPIO bit only if the corresponding bit in the GPIO_PORTx_PUD_EN Register is zero. An internal peripheral using Auxiliary ports can ensure that the pin is pulled-up or pulled-low, when it is not driven, by enabling the corresponding bit in these registers. TABLE 12-8: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 OUTPUT REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_OUT (0X9C03~0X9C03- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_OUT (0X9C13~0X9C13- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_OUT (0X9C23~0X9C23- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_OUT (0X9C33~0X9C33- RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 OUT REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_OUT R/W GPIO Pad Output Buffer Data when GPIO_PORT0_OE.GPIO_OE is enabled. If the pad is configured as an input, then this register bit acts as a GPIO interrupt polarity register. 0 : GPIO input changes to 0 (level) or falling edge generates an interrupt. 1 : GPIO input changes to 1(level) or rising edge generates an interrupt. The GPIO_PORT3_OUT Register is read only, and is always 0. TABLE 12-9: GPIO PORT 0,1,2 PULL UP/DOWN ENABLE REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_PUD_EN (0X9C04~0X9C04- RESET=Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT1_PUD_EN (0X9C14~0X9C14- RESET=Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT2_PUD_EN (0X9C24~0X9C24- RESET=Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT2_PUD_EN (0X9C34~0X9C34- RESET=Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 PULL UP/DOWN ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_PUD_EN[7:0] R/W 0 : Disables the pull-up/down resistor on the GPIO pad. 1 : Enables the pull-up/down resistor on the GPIO pad. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 126  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The SEC1110 and SEC1210 GPIO_PORT3 does not have a debounce count register. TABLE 12-10: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 DEBOUNCE COUNT REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_DEBOUNCE_CNT (0X9C05~0X09C05- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT0_DEBOUNCE_CNT (0X9C15~0X09C15- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT0_DEBOUNCE_CNT (0X9C25~0X09C25- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_DEBOUNCE_CNT (0X9C35~0X09C35- RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 DEBOUNCE COUNT REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_DEBOUNCE_CNT[7:0] R/W This field indicates the number of debounce clocks (1 ms or 0.01 ms) to wait after any change in a GPIO pad, to ensure the pad has not changed its value. The count restarts after every change of GPIO pad, when enabled. The GPIO_PORT3_DEBOUNCE_CNT Register is read only, and is always 0. A register value of 0, behaves as value 1. TABLE 12-11: GPIO AUXILIARY PORT 0,1,2,3 SELECT A/B REGISTER GPIO_AUX_PORT0_SEL (0X9C06~0X9C06 - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_AUX_PORT1_SEL (0X9C16~0X9C16 - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_AUX_PORT2_SEL (0X9C26~0X9C26 - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_AUX_PORT3_SEL (0X9C36~0X9C36 - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO AUXILIARY PORT 0,1,2,3 A/B SELECT REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_AUX_PORT_SEL[7:0] R/W GPIO Auxiliary Port A/B Select. 0 : Pads controlled by Auxiliary Port A 1 : Pads controlled by Auxiliary Port B. The GPIO_AUX_PORT3_SEL Register is read only, and is always 0.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 127 SEC1110/SEC1210 For GPIO PORT4, in auxiliary A mode (keyboard mode), the input enable, pull-up/pull-down enable values of the pad are controlled by the GPIO register values, since the keyboard block does not control these values. Hence, before enabling auxiliary port 4, the appropriate values have to be programmed for the above mentioned registers based on the keyboard configuration. TABLE 12-12: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_INT_EN (0X9C07~0X9C07 - RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_INT_EN (0X9C17~0X9C17 - RESET=0X00 GPIO_PORT2_INT_EN (0X9C27~0X9C27 - RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_INT_EN (0X9C37~0X9C37 - RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_PORT_INT_EN[7:0] R/W GPIO Interrupt Enable Register The corresponding GPIO_PORT_IN_EN bit must be enabled for the pad inputs to be seen. 0 : Interrupts from this GPIO pad is disabled 1 : Interrupts from this GPIO pad is enabled The GPIO_PORT3_INT_EN Register is read only, and is always 0. TABLE 12-13: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 PULL UP/DOWN SELECT REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_PUD (0X9C08~0X09C08- RESET=Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT1_PUD (0X9C18~0X09C18- RESET=Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT2_PUD (0X9C28~0X09C28- RESET=Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT3_PUD (0X9C38~0X09C38- RESET=Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 PULL UP/DOWN SELECT REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_PUD[7:0] R/W 0 : Selects pull-down resistor on the GPIO pad. 1 : Selects pull-up resistor on the GPIO pad. The corresponding GPIO_PUD_EN bit must be enabled for pull-up or pull-down resistor to be active. Note: Both the pull-up and pull-down resistors to the pads are never active at the same time. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 128  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 12-14: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 OUTPUT ENABLE REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_OE (0X9C09~0X09C09- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_OE (0X9C19~0X09C19- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_OE (0X9C29~0X09C29- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_OE (0X9C39~0X09C39- RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 OUTPUT ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_OE[7:0] R/W The GPIO Output Enable to pad, when GPIO_AUX_PORTx_EN bit is 0. 0 : GPIO pad is tri-stated 1 : GPIO pad is driven The GPIO_PORT3_OE Register is read only, and is always 0. TABLE 12-15: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INPUT TYPE REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_INTYPE (0X9C0A~0X09C0A- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_INTYPE (0X9C1A~0X09C1A- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_INTYPE (0X9C2A~0X09C2A- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_INTYPE (0X9C3A~0X09C3A- RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INPUT TYPE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_INTYPE[7:0] R/W GPIO Input Capture Type: 0 : GPIO pad input is double synced on system clock. 1 : GPIO pad is registered on the system clock. If debounce is enabled then register data after debounce time. Else, register state change after double syncing. The GPIO_PORT3_INTYPE Register is read only, and is always 0. TABLE 12-16: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INTERRUPT EDGE ENABLE REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_INT_EDGE (0X9C0B~0X09C0B- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_INT_EDGE (0X9C1B~0X09C1B- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_INT_EDGE (0X9C2B~0X09C2B- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_INT_EDGE (0X9C3B~0X09C3B- RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INTERRUPT EDGE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_INT_EDGE[7:0] R/W GPIO Interrupt: it is either edge or level triggered. 0 : GPIO pad input is level triggered 1 : GPIO pad input is edge triggered The GPIO_PORT3_INT_EDGE Register is read only, and is always 0.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 129 SEC1110/SEC1210 Writing a 1 to a bit clears the bit and enables the detection of the next level transition. If enabled in the GPIO_PORTx- _INT_EN Register, a 1 in corresponding bit in this register will force a 1 on the 8051 core’s external INT1 interrupt input. The GPIO pull-up resistor strength is programmable only for the SC1_IO (GPIO0) and SC2_IO (GPIO16) pads. An internal weak pull-up of 20 k or 11 k may be used. The register bits for other GPIOs are read only as 0. TABLE 12-17: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INPUT ENABLE REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_IN_EN (0X9C0C~0X9C0C - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT1_IN_EN (0X9C1C~0X9C1C - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT2_IN_EN (0X9C2C~0X9C2C - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO_PORT3_IN_EN (0X9C3C~0X9C3C - RESET= Table 12-21 on page 130) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INPUT ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_IN_EN[7:0] R/W GPIO Input Enable register enables the pad input. If this bit is disabled, then the input value seen is default 0. 0 : Inputs from this GPIO pad are disabled 1 : Inputs from this GPIO pad are enabled TABLE 12-18: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_INT_STS (0X9C0D~0X09C0D- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_INT_STS (0X9C1D~0X09C1D- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_INT_STS (0X9C2D~0X09C2D- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_INT_STS (0X9C3D~0X09C3D- RESET=0X00) GPIO INTERRUPT STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_INT_STS[7:0] R/W1 GPIO Interrupt Polarity Register: 0 : If a bit is reset, then no interrupt event occurred for this GPIO pad input. 1 : If a bit is set, then an interrupt event occurred for this GPIO pad input. Write 1 to clear this interrupt bit. The GPIO_PORT3_INT_STS Register is read only, and is always 0. TABLE 12-19: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 PULL UP STRENGTH REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_PUS (0X9C0E~0X9C0E- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_PUS (0X9C1E~0X9C1E- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_PUS (0X9C2E~0X9C2E- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_PUS (0X9C3E~0X9C3E- RESET=0X00) GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 PULL UP/DOWN ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:1 Reserved R Always read as 0 0 GPIO_PUS0 R/W 0 : Weak pull-up resistor on the GPIO pad 1 : Strong pull-up resistor on the GPIO pad SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 130  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The debounce register bit must be disabled if operating in Auxiliary Port Mode, and debouncing is not required. Therefore, an internal peripheral is required to directly control the GPIO pad. The debounce clock is gated off when oscillator is in Sleep Mode. The Debounce Register is valid only for the following pads: • GPIO6/SC1_PRSNT_N • GPIO19/SC2_PRSNT_N • GPIO21/JTAG_CLK • GPIO8/RXD • GPIO9/TXD • GPIO10/CTS • GPIO11/RTS TABLE 12-20: GPIO PORT 0,1,2,3 DEBOUNCE ENABLE REGISTER GPIO_PORT0_DEBOUNCE_EN (0X9C0F~0X09CFD- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT1_DEBOUNCE_EN (0X9C1F~0X09C1F- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT2_DEBOUNCE_EN (0X9C2F~0X09C2F- RESET=0X00) GPIO_PORT3_DEBOUNCE_EN (0X9C3F~0X09C3F- RESET=0X00) GPIO DEBOUNCE ENABLE REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 GPIO_DEBOUNCE_EN[7:0] R/W1 GPIO Input Data Debounce Enable: 0 : Debouncing on this input is disabled 1 : Debouncing is enabled on this input The GPIO_PORT3_DEBOUNCE_EN Register is read only, and is always 0. Note: The other bits are read only as zero. TABLE 12-21: POWER ON RESET STATE OF GPIO REGISTERS GPIO# RESET STATE OF REGISTERS COMMENT GPIO_AUX_POR T_EN GPIO_AUX_ PORT_SEL GPIO_PORT_IN_ EN GPIO_PUD_EN GPIO_PUD GPIO0 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO1 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO2 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO3 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO4 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO5 !CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT 1 0 !CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT 1 JTAG_TDO GPIO6 !CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT 1 !CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT !CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT 1 JTAG_TMS GPIO7 0 0 0 0 0 Reserved GPIO8 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO9 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO10 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO11 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 131 SEC1110/SEC1210 12.4.1 GPIO WAKE-UP EVENT The GPIO can be programmed as input with interrupt enabled, and a change in the pads can be detected to wake up the CPU from SLEEP/IDLE states or wake up the oscillator. Refer to Table 15-14, “Wake on Event Register,” on page 161. GPIO12 EXT_SPI_EN 0 0 0 0 SPI2_MI GPIO13 EXT_SPI_EN 0 0 0 0 SPI2_MO GPIO14 EXT_SPI_EN 0 0 0 0 SPI2_CLK GPIO15 EXT_SPI_EN 0 EXT_SPI_EN 1 SPI2_CE GPIO16 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO17 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO18 0 0 0 0 0 I/O disabled. GPIO19 !CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT 0 !CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT !CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT 1 JTAG_TDI GPIO20 1 0 1: A1 version CFG_DEBUG : later versions 1 0 CLK_ENABLE GPIO21 JTAG_CLK_LAT 0 1 1 0 JTAG_CLK GPIO22 1 0 1 1 0 TEST/ EXT_OSC_48 MHZ GPIO23 0 0 1: A1 version CFG_DEBUG : later versions 1 0 PCLK_IN_48M HZ GPIO24 0 0 1 1 1 BOND0 GPIO25 0 0 1 1 1 BOND1 GPIO26 0 0 1 1 1 BOND2 GPIO27 0 0 1 1 1 BOND3/JTAG_ TRSTN GPIO28 0 0 1: A1 version CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT : later versions CFG_DEBUG 1 PJTAG_TMS GPIO29 0 0 1: A1 version CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT : later versions CFG_DEBUG 1 PJTAG_TDI GPIO30 0 0 0: A1 version CFG_DEBUG & JTAG_CLK_LAT : later versions CFG_DEBUG 1 PJTAG_TDO GPIO31 0 0 0 0 0 Reserved TABLE 12-21: POWER ON RESET STATE OF GPIO REGISTERS (CONTINUED) GPIO# RESET STATE OF REGISTERS COMMENT GPIO_AUX_POR T_EN GPIO_AUX_ PORT_SEL GPIO_PORT_IN_ EN GPIO_PUD_EN GPIO_PUD SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 132  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 13.0 TWO PIN SERIAL PORT (UART) The SEC1110 and SEC1210 incorporates full function UARTs. The UART is software compatible with the 16C450 and 16C550A. The UART performs serial-to-parallel conversion on received characters and parallel-to-serial conversion on transmit characters. The character options are programmable for 1 start; 1, 1.5 or 2 stop bits; even, odd, sticky or no parity; and prioritized interrupts. The UART contains a programmable baud rate generator that is capable of dividing the input clock or crystal by a number from 1 to 65535. The UART is accessible on the EC_SPB. • Programmable word length (5 to 8), stop bits (1, 1.5, 2) and parity (even, odd, sticky or no parity) • Programmable baud rate generator • Interrupt generator • Loop-Back Mode • Interface registers • 16-byte Transmit FIFO • 16-byte Receive FIFO • Multiple clock sources • Pin polarity control • Low Power Sleep Mode 13.1 Transmit Operation The SEC1110 and SEC1210 do not support external connections for the MODEM control inputs (nDSR, nRI and nDCD) or for the MODEM control outputs (nDTR, OUT1 and OUT2). Transmission is initiated by writing the data to be sent to the TX Holding Register or to the TX FIFO (if enabled). The data is then transferred to the TX Shift Register together with a start bit and parity and stop bits as determined by settings in the Line Control Register. The bits to be transmitted are then shifted out of the TX Shift Register in the order start bit, data bits (LSB first), parity bit, and stop bit, using the output from the Baud Rate Generator (divided by 16) as the clock. If enabled, a TX Holding Register Empty Interrupt will be generated when the TX Holding Register or the TX FIFO (if enabled) becomes empty. When FIFOs are enabled (i.e., bit 0 of the FIFO Control Register is set), the M16550S can store up to 16 bytes of data for transmission at a time. Transmission will continue until the TX FIFO is empty. The FIFO’s readiness to accept more data is indicated by an interrupt. 13.2 Receive Operation Data is sampled into the RX Shift Register using the Receive clock, divided by 16. The Receive clock is provided by the Baud Rate Generator. A filter is used to remove spurious inputs that last for less than two periods of the Receive clock. When the complete word has been clocked into the Receiver, the data bits are transferred to the RX Buffer Register or to the RX FIFO (if enabled) to be read by the CPU. (The first bit of the data to be received is placed in bit 0 of this register.) The Receiver also checks that the parity bit and stop bits are as specified by the Line Control Register. If enabled, an RX Data Received Interrupt will be generated when the data has been transferred to the RX Buffer Register or, if FIFOs are enabled, when the RX Trigger Level has been reached. Interrupts can also be generated to signal a RX FIFO character timeout, incorrect parity, a missing stop bit (frame error) or other line status errors. When FIFOs are enabled (i.e., bit 0 of the FIFO Control Register is set), the M16550S can store up to 16 bytes of received data at a time. Depending on the selected RX Trigger Level, the interrupt will go active to indicate that data is available when the RX FIFO contains 1, 4, 8 or 14 bytes of data. 13.3 Power, Clocks and Reset 13.3.1 POWER This block is only active if UART_CLK_DIV.UART_CLK_EN is set to 1, otherwise this block is disabled and the clocks are shut off. 13.3.2 CLOCKS The UART_CLK is sourced from the 48 MHz oscillator clock divided by UART_CLK_DIV as explained in 15.4.8 UART Clock Register on page 157.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 133 SEC1110/SEC1210 13.3.3 RESET Table 13-1 details the effect of a RESET event on each of the runtime registers of the Serial Port. 13.4 Interrupts The Runtime registers are reset on a RESET event. Refer to Section 15.1, "Reset," on page 151 definitions of RESET event. The two-pin Serial Port (UART) can generate an interrupt event. The interrupt source (INTR) is a level, active high signal. 13.5 Registers Table 13-3 is a register summary for one instance of the two-pin Serial Port (UART). Each EC address is indicated as an offset address from the XDATA base address 0x9500. Table 13-2 summarizes the registers allocated for the controller. TABLE 13-1: RESET FUNCTION TABLE REGISTER/SIGNAL RESET CONTROL RESET STATE Interrupt Enable Register RESET All bits low Interrupt Identification Reg. Bit 0 is high; bits 1 - 7 low FIFO Control Line Control Reg. All bits low MODEM Control Reg. Line Status Reg. All bits low except bits 5 and 6 are high MODEM Status Reg. Bits 0 - 3 low; bits 4 - 7 input TXD1, TXD2 High INTRPT (RCVR errs) RESET/Read LSR INTRPT (RCVR Data Ready) RESET/Read RBR Low INTRPT (THRE) RESET/Read IIR/Write THR OUT2B RESET High RTSB DTRB OUT1B RCVR FIFO RESET/ FCR1*FCR0/_FCR0 All bits low XMIT FIFO RESET/ FCR1*FCR0/_FCR0 TABLE 13-2: TWO PIN SERIAL PORT (UART) REGISTER SUMMARY REGISTER NAME DLAB (Note 13-1) XDATAOFFSET ADDRESS EC TYPE Receive Buffer Register (RB) 0 0x00 R Transmit Buffer Register (TB) 0 0x00 W Programmable Baud Rate Generator (and Divisor) 1 0x00 R/W Programmable Baud Rate Generator (and Divisor) 1 0x01 R/W Interrupt Enable Register (IER) 0 0x01 R/W FIFO Control Register (FCR), X 0x02 W Interrupt Identification Register (IIR) X 0x02 R Line Control Register (LCR) X 0x03 R/W SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 134  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Note 13-1 DLAB is bit 7 of the Line Control Register 13.6 Register Summary Note 13-2 DLAB is bit 7 of the Line Control Register (ADDR = 3). Note 13-3 Bit 0 is the least significant bit, and is the first bit serially transmitted or received. Note 13-4 When operating in the XT Mode, this bit will be set any time that the Transmitter Shift Register is empty. Note 13-5 This bit no longer has a pin associated with it. Note 13-6 When operating in the XT Mode, this register is not available. Note 13-7 These bits are always zero in the Non-FIFO Mode. Note 13-8 Writing a one to this bit has effect. DMA modes are supported in this chip. Modem Control Register (MCR) X 0x04 R/W Line Status Register (LSR) X 0x05 R Modem Status Register (MSR) X 0x06 R Scratchpad Register (SCR) X 0x07 R/W UART_Configuration Select Register X 0x30 R/W UART_Configuration Active Register X 0x31 R/W TABLE 13-3: REGISTER SUMMARY ADDRESS (Note 13-2) R/W REGISTER NAME BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 ADDR = 0 DLAB = 0 R Receive Buffer r Data Bit 7 Data Bit 6 Data Bit 5 Data Bit 4 Data Bit 3 Data Bit 2 Data Bit 1 Data Bit 0 (Note 13-3) ADDR = 0 DLAB = 0 W Transmitter Holding r Data Bit 7 Data Bit 6 Data Bit 5 Data Bit 4 Data Bit 3 Data Bit 2 Data Bit 1 Data Bit 0 ADDR = 1 DLAB = 0 R/W Interrupt Enable r Reserved Enable Modem Status Interrupt (EMSI) Enable Receiver Line Status Interrupt (ELSI) Enable Trans-mitter Holding Register Empty Interrupt (ETHREI) Enable Received Data Available Interrupt (ERDAI) ADDR = 2 R Interrupt Ident. r FIFOs Enabled (Note 13-7) FIFOs Enabled (Note 13-7) Reserved Interrupt ID Bit (Note 13-7) Interrupt ID Bit Interrupt ID Bit "0" if interrupt pending ADDR = 2 W FIFO Control r RCVR Trigger MSB RCVR Trigger LSB Reserved DMA Mode Select (Note 13-8) XMIT FIFO Reset RCVR FIFO Reset FIFO Enable ADDR = 3 R/W Line Control r Divisor Latch Access Bit (DLAB) Set Break Stick Parity Even Parity Select (EPS) Parity Enable (PEN) Number of Stop Bits (STB) Word Length Select Bit 1 (WLS1) Word Length Select Bit 0 (WLS0) ADDR = 4 R/W MODEM Control r Reserved Loop OUT2 (Note 13-5) OUT1 (Note 13-5) Request to Send (RTS) Data Terminal Ready (DTR) ADDR = 5 R/W Line Status r Error in RCVR FIFO (Note 13-7) Transmitter Empty (TEMT) (Note 13-4) Transmitter Holding Regis-ter (THRE) Break Interrupt (BI) Framing Error (FE) Parity Error (PE) Overrun Error (OE) Data Ready (DR) ADDR = 6 R/W MODEM Status r Data Carrier Detect (DCD) Ring Indica-tor (RI) Data Set Ready (DSR) Clear to Send (CTS) Delta Data Carrier Detect (DDCD) Trailing Edge Ring Indicator (TERI) Delta Data Set Ready (DDSR) Delta Clear to Send (DCTS) ADDR = 7 R/W Scratch r (Note 13-6) Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 ADDR = 0 DLAB = 1 R/W Divisor Latch (LS) Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 ADDR = 1 DLAB = 1 R/W Divisor Latch (MS) Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 TABLE 13-2: TWO PIN SERIAL PORT (UART) REGISTER SUMMARY (CONTINUED) REGISTER NAME DLAB (Note 13-1) XDATAOFFSET ADDRESS EC TYPE  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 135 SEC1110/SEC1210 13.7 Detailed Description of Accessible Runtime Registers 13.7.1 RECEIVE BUFFER REGISTER (RB) 13.7.2 TRANSMIT BUFFER REGISTER (TB) 13.7.3 INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER (IER) The lower four bits of this register control the enables of the five interrupt sources of the Serial Port Interrupt. It is possible to totally disable the interrupt system by resetting bits 0 through 3 of this register. Similarly, setting the appropriate bits of this register to a high, selected interrupts can be enabled. Disabling the interrupt system inhibits the Interrupt Identification Register and disables any Serial Port Interrupt out of the SEC1110 and SEC1210. All other system functions operate in their normal manner, including the Line Status and MODEM Status registers. The contents of the Interrupt Enable Register are described below. UART_RX_DATA (DLAB=0) (OFFSET 0X00 RESET=0X00) UART RECEIVED DATA BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 DATA R This register holds the received incoming data byte. Bit 0 is the least significant bit, which is transmitted and received first. Received data is double buffered; this uses an additional shift register to receive the serial data stream and convert it to a parallel 8-bit word which is transferred to the Receive Buffer Register. The shift register is not accessible. If enabled via IER0, an RX Buffer Register Interrupt is generated when the buffer contains data to read. If the FIFOs are disabled, this register is undefined after reset. If the FIFOs are enabled, this register will return zero after a reset, if the RX FIFO is empty. UART_TX_DATA (DLAB=0) (OFFSET 0X00 RESET=0X00) UART TRANSMIT DATA BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 TX_DATA W This register contains the data byte to be transmitted. The transmit buffer/TX Holding Register is double buffered, utilizing an additional shift register (not accessible) to convert the 8-bit data word to a serial format. This shift register is loaded from the Transmit Buffer when the transmission of the previous byte is complete, and transmission is bit 0 first. UART_INTERRUPT_EN (DLAB=0) (OFFSET 0X01 RESET=0X00) UART INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:4 Reserved R Always read as 0 3 EMSI R/W This bit enables the MODEM Status Interrupt when set to logic 1. This is caused when one of the Modem Status register bits DDCD, TERI, DDSR or DCTS (MSR[3:0]) changes state. 2 ELSI R/W This bit enables the Received Line Status Interrupt when set to logic 1. The error sources causing the interrupt are overrun, parity, framing, and break (LSR[4:1]). The Line Status Register must be read to determine the source. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 136  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 13.7.4 FIFO CONTROL REGISTER (FCR) 13.7.5 INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION REGISTER (IIR) 1 ETHREI R/W This bit enables the Transmitter Holding Register or the TX FIFO becomes empty (i.e., LSA5 becomes set). 0 ERDAI R/W This bit enables the Received Data Available Interrupt (i.e., LSR.0 becomes set) or, if FIFOs are enabled, the RX Trigger Level is reached. If the FIFOs are enabled, setting this bit also enabled the RX FIFO Character Timeout Interrupt. UART_FIFO_CTL (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X02 RESET=0X00) UART FIFO CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 RECV_FIFO_TRIG R These bits are used to set the trigger level for the RCVR FIFO Interrupt Value (trigger level): 00 : 1 Bytes 01 : 4 Bytes 10 : 8 Bytes 11 : 14 Bytes 5:4 Reserved R/W Always read as 0 3 DMA_MODE_SEL R/W This bit, if set, enables DMA Mode for RX and TX. Two of the unused USB endpoints must be configured for RX and TX, and PERIPHERAL bits set appropriately as indicated in Section 11.16, "Endpoints 1~5 Buffer Registers," on page 111. 2 CLR_XMIT_FIFO W Setting this bit to a logic 1 clears all bytes in the XMIT FIFO and resets its counter logic to 0. The shift register is not cleared. However, this bit is self-clearing 1 CLR_RCV_FIFO W Setting this bit to a logic 1 clears all bytes in the RCVR FIFO and resets its counter logic to 0. The shift register is not cleared. However, this bit is self-clearing. 0 EXRF W Enable XMIT and RECV FIFO. Setting this bit to a logic 1 enables both the XMIT and RCVR FIFOs. Clearing this bit to a logic 0 disables both the XMIT and RCVR FIFOs and clears all bytes from both FIFOs. When changing from FIFO Mode to Non-FIFO (16450) Mode, data is automatically cleared from the FIFOs. This bit must be a 1 when other bits in this register are written to or they will not be properly programmed. Note: This is a write only register at the same location as the IIR. UART_INT_ID (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X02 RESET=0X01) UART INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 FIFO_EN R These two bits are set when the FIFO CONTROL Register bit 0 equals 1 5:4 Reserved R Always read as 0 UART_INTERRUPT_EN (DLAB=0) (OFFSET 0X01 RESET=0X00) UART INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 137 SEC1110/SEC1210 By accessing this register, the CPU can determine the highest priority interrupt and its source. Four levels of priority interrupt exist. They are in descending order of priority as follows: 1. Receiver Line Status (highest priority) 2. Received Data Ready 3. Transmitter Holding Register Empty 4. MODEM Status (lowest priority) Information indicating that a prioritized interrupt is pending and the source of that interrupt is stored in the Interrupt Identification Register (Table 13-4). When the CPU accesses the IIR, the Serial Port freezes all interrupts and indicates the highest priority pending interrupt to the CPU. During this CPU access, even if the Serial Port records new interrupts, the current indication does not change until access is completed. The contents of the IIR are described below. 3:1 INTLD R These three bits of the IIR are used to identify the highest priority interrupt pending as indicated by Table 13-4, "Interrupt Control Table". In Non-FIFO Mode, bit 3 is a logic 0. In FIFO Mode, bit 3 is set along with bit 2 when a timeout interrupt is pending. 0 IPEND R This bit can be used in either a hardwired prioritized or polled environment to indicate whether an interrupt is pending. When bit 0 is a logic 0, an interrupt is pending and the contents of the IIR may be used as a pointer to the appropriate internal service routine. When bit 0 is a logic 1, no interrupt is pending. TABLE 13-4: INTERRUPT CONTROL TABLE FIFO MODE ONLY INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION REGISTER INTERRUPT SET AND RESET FUNCTIONS BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 PRIORITY LEVEL INTERRUPT TYPE INTERRUPT SOURCE INTERRUPT RESET CONTROL 0 0 0 1 - None None - 1 1 0 Highest Receiver Line Status Overrun Error, Parity Error, Framing Error or Break Interrupt Reading the Line Status Register 0 Second Received Data Available Receiver Data Available or RX Trigger Level reached Read Receiver Buffer or the RX FIFO drops below the trigger level. 1 Character Timeout Indication No characters have been removed from or input to the RCVR FIFO during the last 4 char times and there is at least 1 char in it during this time Reading the Receiver Buffer Register 0 0 1 Third Transmitter Holding Register Empty Transmitter Holding Register Empty Reading the IIR Register (if source of interrupt) or writing the Transmitter Holding Register or TX FIFO (if enabled) 0 0 Fourth MODEM Status Clear to Send or Data Set Ready or Ring Indicator or Data Carrier Detect Reading the MODEM Status Register UART_INT_ID (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X02 RESET=0X01) UART INTERRUPT IDENTIFICATION REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 138  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 13.7.6 LINE CONTROL REGISTER (LCR) This register contains the format information of the serial line. UART_LINE_CTL (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X03 RESET=0X01) UART LINE CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 DLAB R/W Divisor Latch Access Bit (DLAB): This bit must be set to logic 1 to access the Divisor Latches of the Baud Rate Generator during read or write operations. It must be set to logic 0 to access the Receiver Buffer Register, the Transmitter Holding Register, or the Interrupt Enable Register. 6 BREAK_CTL R/W Set Break Control Bit: When set to logic 1, the transmit data output (TXD) is forced to the spacing or logic 0 state and remains there (until reset by a low level bit 6) regardless of other transmitter activity. This feature enables the Serial Port to alert a terminal in a communications system. 5 STICK_PARITY R/W Stick Parity Bit: When enabled, this bit is used in conjunction with bit 4 to select Mark or Space Parity. When LCR bits 3, 4 and 5 are 1, the parity bit is transmitted and checked as a 0 (Space Parity). If bits 3 and 5 are 1 and bit 4 is a 0, then the parity bit is transmitted and checked as 1 (Mark Parity). If bit 5 is 0 Stick Parity is disabled. If bit 3 is a logic 1 and bit 5 is a logic 1, the parity bit is transmitted and then detected by the Receiver in the opposite state indicated by bit 4. 4 PARITY_SEL R/W Even Parity Select Bit: When bit 3 is a logic 1 and bit 4 is a logic 0, an odd number of logic 1s are transmitted or checked in the data word bits and the parity bit. When bit 3 is a logic 1 and bit 4 is a logic 1 an even number of bits are transmitted and checked. 3 PARITY_EN R/W Parity Enable Bit: When bit 3 is a logic 1, a parity bit is generated (transmit data) or checked (receive data) between the last data word bit and the first stop bit of the serial data. (The parity bit is used to generate an even or odd number of 1s when the data word bits and the parity bit are summed). 2 STOP_BITS R/W This bit specifies the number of stop bits in each transmitted or received serial character. Table 13-5, "Stop Bits" summarizes the information. 1:0 WORD_LEN R/W These two bits specify the number of bits in each transmitted or received serial character. The encoding of bits 0 and 1 is as follows: Value (word length): 00 : 5 bits 01 : 6 bits 10 : 7 bits 11 : 8 bits The start, stop and parity bits are not included in the word length  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 139 SEC1110/SEC1210 13.7.7 MODEM CONTROL REGISTER (MCR) This 8-bit register controls the interface with the MODEM or data set (or device emulating a MODEM). The contents of the MODEM control register are described below. TABLE 13-5: STOP BITS BIT 2 WORD LENGTH NUMBER OF STOP BITS 0 -- 1 1 5 bits 1.5 6 bits 2 7 bits 8 bits Note: The Receiver will ignore all stop bits beyond the first, regardless of the number used in transmitting. UART_MODEM_CTL (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X04 RESET=0X01) UART MODEM CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4 LOOPBACK R/W This bit provides the loopback feature for diagnostic testing of the Serial Port. When bit 4 is set to logic 1, the following occur: 1. The TXD is set to the Marking State (logic 1). 2. The Receiver Serial Input (RXD) is disconnected. 3. The output of the Transmitter Shift Register is looped-back into the Receiver Shift register input. 4. All MODEM control inputs (nCTS, nDSR, nRI and nDCD) are disconnected. 5. The four MODEM control outputs (nDTR, nRTS, OUT1 and OUT2) are internally connected to the four MODEM control inputs (nDSR, nCTS, RI, DCD). 6. The Modem control output pins are forced inactive high. 7. Data that is transmitted is immediately received. This feature allows the processor to verify the transmit and receive data paths of the Serial Port. In the Diagnostic Mode, the Receiver and the Transmitter interrupts are fully operational. The MODEM control interrupts are also operational but the interrupts' sources are now the lower four bits of the MODEM Control Register instead of the MODEM control inputs. The interrupts are still controlled by the Interrupt Enable Register 3 OUT2 R/W Output 2 (OUT2): This bit is used to enable a UART interrupt. When OUT2 is a logic 0, the serial port interrupt output is forced to a high impedance state (disabled). When OUT2 is a logic 1, the serial port interrupt outputs are enabled. 2 OUT1 R/W This bit controls the Output 1 (OUT1) bit. This bit does not have an output pin and can only be read or written by the CPU. 1 RTS R/W This bit controls the Request To Send (nRTS) output. Bit 1 affects the nRTS output in a manner identical to that described above for bit 0. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 140  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 13.7.8 LINE STATUS REGISTER (LSR) 0 DTR R/W This bit controls the Data Terminal Ready (nDTR) output. When bit 0 is set to a logic 1, the nDTR output is forced to a logic 0. When bit 0 is a logic 0, the nDTR output is forced to a logic 1. UART_LINE_STAT (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X05 RESET=0X60) UART LINE STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 FIFO_ERROR R This bit is permanently set to logic 0 in the 450 Mode. In the FIFO Mode, this bit is set to a logic 1 when there is at least one parity error, framing error, or break indication in the FIFO. This bit is cleared when the LSR is read if there are no subsequent errors in the FIFO. 6 XMIT_ERROR R Transmitter Empty (TEMT): This bit is set to a logic 1 whenever the Transmitter Holding Register (THR) and Transmitter Shift Register (TSR) are both empty. It is reset to logic 0 whenever either the THR or TSR contains a data character. 5 XMIT_EMPTY R Transmitter Holding Register Empty (THRE): This bit indicates that the Serial Port is ready to accept a new character for transmission. In addition, this bit causes the serial port to issue an interrupt when the Transmitter Holding Register interrupt enable is set high. The THRE bit is set to a logic 1 when a character is transferred from the Transmitter Holding Register into the Transmitter Shift Register. The bit is reset to logic 0 whenever the CPU loads the Transmitter Holding Register. In the FIFO Mode this bit is set when the XMIT FIFO is empty, it is cleared when at least 1 byte is written to the XMIT FIFO. 4 BREAK_INT R Break Interrupt (BI).: This bit is set to a logic 1 whenever the received data input is held in the Spacing state (logic 0) for longer than a full word transmission time (that is, the total time of the start bit + data bits + parity bits + stop bits). BI is reset after the CPU reads the contents of the Line Status Register. In the FIFO Mode this error is associated with the particular character in the FIFO it applies to. This error is indicated when the associated character is at the top of the FIFO. When break occurs only one zero character is loaded into the FIFO. Restarting after a break is received, requires the serial data (RXD) to be logic 1 for at least 1/2 bit time. Bits 1 through 4 are the error conditions that produce a Receiver Line Status interrupt bit 3. Note: Whenever any of the corresponding conditions are detected and the interrupt is enabled. 3 FRAME_ERROR R Framing Error (FE): This bit indicates that the received character did not have a valid stop bit. Bit 3 is set to a logic 1 whenever the stop bit following the last data bit or parity bit is detected as a zero bit (Spacing level). The FE is reset to a logic 0 whenever the Line Status Register is read. In the FIFO Mode this error is associated with the particular character in the FIFO it applies to. This error is indicated when the associated character is at the top of the FIFO. The Serial Port will try to resynchronize after a framing error. To do this, it assumes that the framing error was due to the next start bit, so it samples this start bit twice and then takes in the data. UART_MODEM_CTL (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X04 RESET=0X01) UART MODEM CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 141 SEC1110/SEC1210 13.7.9 MODEM STATUS REGISTER (MSR) This 8-bit register provides the current state of the control lines from the MODEM (or peripheral device). In addition to this current state information, four bits of the MODEM Status Register (MSR) provide change information. These bits are set to logic 1 whenever a control input from the MODEM changes state. They are reset to logic 0 whenever the MODEM Status Register is read. The bits DDCD, TERI, DDSR, and DCTS are also reset by writing a 1 to the respective bit. 2 PARITY_ERROR R Parity Error (PE): This bit indicates that the received data character does not have the correct even or odd parity, as selected by the even parity select bit. The PE is set to a logic 1 upon detection of a parity error and is reset to a logic 0 whenever the Line Status Register is read. In the FIFO Mode this error is associated with the particular character in the FIFO it applies to. This error is indicated when the associated character is at the top of the FIFO. 1 OVERRUN_ERROR R Overrun Error (OE): This bit indicates that data in the Receiver Buffer Register was not read before the next character was transferred into the register, thereby destroying the previous character. In FIFO Mode, an overrun error will occur only when the FIFO is full and the next character has been completely received in the shift register. The character in the shift register is overwritten but not transferred to the FIFO. The OE indicator is set to a logic 1 immediately upon detection of an overrun condition, and reset whenever the Line Status Register is read 0 DATA_READY R Data Ready (DR): This bit is set to a logic 1 whenever a complete incoming character has been received and transferred into the Receiver Buffer Register or the FIFO. DR is reset to a logic 0 by reading all of the data in the Receive Buffer Register or the FIFO UART_LINE_STAT (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X06 RESET=0BXXXX0000) UART MODEM STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 DCD# R This bit is the complement of the Data Carrier Detect (nDCD) input. If bit 4 of the MCR is set to logic 1, this bit is equivalent to OUT2 in the MCR. 6 RI# R This bit is the complement of the Ring Indicator (nRI) input. If bit 4 of the MCR is set to logic 1, this bit is equivalent to OUT1 in the MCR. 5 DSR R This bit is the complement of the Data Set Ready (nDSR) input. If bit 4 of the MCR is set to logic 1, this bit is equivalent to DTR in the MCR. 4 CTS R This bit is the complement of the Clear To Send (nCTS) input. If bit 4 of the MCR is set to logic 1, this bit is equivalent to nRTS in the MCR. 3 DDCD RW1 Delta Data Carrier Detect (DDCD): Bit 3 indicates that the nDCD input to the chip has changed state. 2 TERI RW1 Trailing Edge of Ring Indicator (TERI): Bit 2 indicates that the nRI input has changed from logic 0 to logic 1. UART_LINE_STAT (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X05 RESET=0X60) UART LINE STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 142  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The Modem Status Register (MSR) only provides the current state of the UART MODEM control lines in Loopback Mode. The SEC1110 and SEC1210 do not support external connections for the MODEM control inputs (nDSR, nRI and nDCD) or for the four MODEM control outputs (nDTR, OUT1 and OUT2). 13.7.10 SCRATCHPAD REGISTER (SCR) 13.7.11 PROGRAMMABLE BAUD RATE GENERATOR (AND DIVISOR) The incoming clock is divided by the value held in the DLL and DLM registers(1 - 65535) to produce the Baud Rate Generator Output signal (BAUD). 1 DDSR RW1 Delta Data Set Ready (DDSR): Bit 1 indicates that the nDSR input has changed state since the last time the MSR was read. 0 DCTS RW1 Delta Clear To Send (DCTS): Bit 0 indicates that the nCTS input to the chip has changed state since the last time the MSR was read. Note: Whenever bit 0, 1, 2, or 3 is set to a logic 1, a MODEM Status Interrupt is generated. UART_RX_DATA (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X07 RESET=0X00) UART SCRATCH PAD REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 SCRATCH R/W This register has no effect on the operation of the Serial Port. It is intended as a scratchpad register to hold data temporarily. UART_DIV_LAT_LO (DLAB=1) (OFFSET 0X00 RESET=0X01) UART DIVISOR LATCH LOW BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 BAUD_DIVISOR[7:0] R/W Least significant 8 bits of the baud rate divisor is stored here. UART_DIV_LAT_HI (DLAB=1) (OFFSET 0X01 RESET=0X00) UART SCRATCH PAD REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 BAUD_DIVISOR[14:8] R/W Most significant 8 bits of the baud rate divisor is stored here. Note: DLL and DLM can only be updated if the DLAB bit is set (1). Additionally, unlike the original device, division by 1 generates a BAUD signal that is constantly high. UART_LINE_STAT (DLAB=X) (OFFSET 0X06 RESET=0BXXXX0000) UART MODEM STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 143 SEC1110/SEC1210 The table below shows the divisor needed to generate a given baud rate from CLOCK inputs of 48 MHz. The effective clock enable generated is 16x the required baud rate. For clock frequencies (fCLOCK) not covered by this table, the required divisor can be calculated as follows: Divisor value = uart_clk / (16x desired baud rate) DESIRED BAUD RATE DIVISOR USED TO GENERATE 16X CLOCK PERCENT ERROR 50 60000 0.00 75 40000 0.000 110 27273 0.00 134.5 22305 0.00 150 20000 0.00 300 10000 0.00 600 5000 0.00 1200 2500 0.00 1800 1667 -0.02 2000 1500 0.00 2400 1250 0.00 3600 833 0.04 4800 625 0.00 7200 417 -0.08 9600 313 -0.16 19200 156 0.16 38400 78 0.16 57600 52 0.16 115200 26 0.16 250000 12 0.00 500000 6 0.00 1000000 3 0.00 3000000 1 0.00 DESIRED BAUD RATE DIVISOR USED TO GENERATE 16X CLOCK PERCENT ERROR 9600 26 0.16 19200 13 0.16 38400 7 -6.99 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 144  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 13.7.12 UART CONFIGURATION SELECT REGISTER UART_CTL1 (OFFSET 0X31 RESET=0X00) UART CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:4 Reserved R Always read as 0 3 baud_clk_src_alt R/W This bit must be 0. 2 POLARITY R/W 1 : UARTsin_outand UARTsin_in pins functions are inverted. 0 : UARTsin_outand UARTsin_in pins functions are not inverted. 1 power R/W This bit must be 0. 0 baud_clk_src R/W This bit must be 0. This divider in CRM block is bypassed so that uart_clk directly goes to the Inventra core when divisor is 1.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 145 SEC1110/SEC1210 14.0 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERCONNECT (SPI1) - MASTER The SPI1 module allows full-duplex, synchronous, and serial communication between the EC and off-chip peripherals, including other micro controllers (MCU). The module works as a Master device. The SPI_MS provides the following features: The embedded controller has the following timers: • Full Duplex Mode • Three wire synchronous transfers • Master Mode • Seven SPI1 Master baud rates • Serial clock with programmable polarity and phase • Master Mode fault error flag with MCU interrupt capability • Write collision flag protection • 8-bit data transmitted Most Significant Bit (MSB) first, Least Significant Bit (LSB) last or the other way around • 1-bit Slave Select Output port to control external slave devices • Special function registers interface to the 8051 CPU • No bi-directional ports; standard SPI pins to be externally connected to 3-state buffers, through the GPIO Auxiliary ports The component communicates with host microprocessor through SFR interface and INT interface (i.e., intspi). Communication with other off-chip devices is realized through the TR interface (i.e., mosi: group/SPI1_MOSI, miso: group/SPI1_MISO, sck: group/SPI1_CLK, ssn: /SPI1_CE_N). The functional blocks of SPI_MS module are INT, SFR, TR blocks. The SFR sub-block controls the write/read operations on SFR registers of SPI_MS module. It contains the following: • Address decoder • SFR registers, described in SPCON, SPSTA, SPDAT • Output multiplexer The TR block controls the SPI transmission process. It is composed of the following: • The Finite State Machine which plays a key role in operation of the SPI_MS module; it controls the Master functionality • System clock counter/divider, which is used to generate the SPI Master clock scko (SPI1_CLK); the Master clock is selected from one of seven clock rates: the spi1_clk clock divided by 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 or 128 • Transmission end detector • Level and falling edge detector on ssn (SPI1_CE_N) input pin • Data shift register The INT block generates interrupt request upon spif and modf flags. The spif flag is when the transmission is finished and the modf bit is set when the level on SPI1_CE_N input is in conflict with actual Mode, i.e., it is 0 in Master Mode (if ssdis=0). SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 146  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 14.1 SPI1 Master Mode In Master Mode (the mstr bit of SPCON Register is set) the SPI1 block waits on write operation to the SPDAT Register. If write operation to the SPDAT Register is done, transmission is started. Data shifts out on the SPI1_MOSI output pin at the SPI1_CLK serial clock output transition (send_edge). Simultaneously, another data byte shifts in from the Slave on Master's SPI1_MISO input pin (capture_edge). Depending on the settings of SPI1 module, the bits of data are sent in turn on rising edge (cpol= 0) or on falling edge (cpol=1) of Master clock SPI1_CLK. Data are received at the falling edge (cpol=0) or rising edge (cpol=1) of Master clock (scko). This applies either for Master or Slave Transmitter/Receiver, assuming that SPI1_CLK is the main clock of the transmission. If cpha bit is set, the first bit (MSB) will be sent on the SPI1_MOSI output/SPI1_MISO output at the first active edge of SPI1_CLK. If cpha bit is cleared, the first bit (MSB) will be sent half a period of SPI1_CLK signal before active edge of this signal. In addition, the data input (SPI1_MISO) is sampled in the half of each bit transmitted, at the opposite edge of the clock at which data are shifted out to SPI1_MOSI output. FIGURE 14-1: SPI1 MASTER BLOCK DIAGRAM spssn spsta spcon spdat SFR bus intspi1 SPI1_MISO_in SPI1_MOSI_in SPI1_MISO_out SPI1_MOSI_out Spi_FSM ctrl_shift_reg ctrl_send clk_div scki_edge_detect ss_detect tri_state_ctrl SPI1_MOSI_oe_n SPI1_MISO_oe_n SPI1_CLK_oe_n SPI1_CLK_out SPI1_CLK_in SPI1_CE_N SFR TR Int_ctrl  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 147 SEC1110/SEC1210 In Master Mode the SPCON Register is written to the setting desired. In this Mode, mstr=1, ssdis=0, spen=1, cpha=x, cpol=x and spr[2:0] indicate the baud rate. Setting the spen bit, enables the SPI1_CE_N to be driven (assuming GPIO is configured in SPI1 Mode). Then the SPI1 block waits on write operation to the spdat Register. If write operation to the spdat Register is done, transmission is started (SPI1_MOSI pad is enabled). Data shifts out on the SPI1_MOSI pin at the SPI1_CLK serial clock transition (send_edge). Simultaneously, another data byte shifts in from the Slave on Master's misoi pin (capture_edge). FIGURE 14-2: SPI1 DATA FORMAT IN MASTER MODE (CPHA=0, CPOL=0) 1st Capture edge SPI1_CLK S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Send edge SPI1_MISO M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 MOSI enabled SPI1_MOSI ref_clk 48 MHz spi1_clk 48 MHz Last Capture edge cpu_clk 4 MHz spdat write Bits mstr=1, spen=1, cpha=0, cpol=0, spr[2:0]=001 SPI1_CE_N MOSI disabled spif set shift Master SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 148  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 14-3: SPI1 DATA FORMAT IN MASTER MODE (CPHA=0, CPOL=1) FIGURE 14-4: SPI1 DATA FORMAT IN MASTER MODE (CPHA=1, CPOL=0) 1st Capture edge SPI1_CLK SPI1_MOSI ref_clk 48 MHz spi1_clk 48 MHz Last Capture edge cpu_clk 4 MHz Bits mstr=1, spen=1, cpha=1, cpol=0, spr[2:0]=001 SPI1_CE_N spif set shift Master S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Send edge SPI1_MISO MOSI enabled X MOSI disabled M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 spdat write 1st Capture edge SPI1_CLK SPI1_MOSI ref_clk 48 MHz spi1_clk 48 MHz Last Capture edge cpu_clk 4 MHz Bits mstr=1, spen=1, cpha=1, cpol=0, spr[2:0]=001 SPI1_CE_N spif set shift Master S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Send edge SPI1_MISO MOSI enabled X MOSI disabled M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 spdat write  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 149 SEC1110/SEC1210 FIGURE 14-5: SPI1 DATA FORMAT IN MASTER MODE (CPHA=1, CPOL=1) 1st Capture edge SPI1_CLK SPI1_MOSI ref_clk 48 MHz spi1_clk 48 MHz Last Capture edge cpu_clk 4 MHz Bits mstr=1, spen=1, cpha=1, cpol=1, spr[2:0]=001 SPI1_CE_N spif set shift Master S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Send edge SPI1_MISO MOSI enabled X MOSI disabled M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 spdat write SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 150  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 15.0 CLOCK AND RESET This block generates all the clocks for the CPU and sub-system peripherals. It also has the control registers needed for oscillator testing and power controls. The block diagram of this block is shown in Figure 15-1. FIGURE 15-1: Clock Generation UDC OSC48_CTL, OSC32KHZ_CTL OSC_STABLE OSC_MODE OSC 4/ 48Mhz 4~48 MHz EN REF_CLK UART SPI1 *_CLK_EN USB_CLK_EN UART_CLK_EN SPI1_CLK_EN 8051 cpu_clk clkper clkcpuen, clkperen WAKE UP WAKE SIGNAL XDATA bus LOGIC BLOCK DEFINED REGISTER Code ROM, OTP ERAM xdata bus TEST_LAT | CFG_DEBUG EXT_CLK_48MHZ S ÷ ÷ E Q E Q ÷ usb_clk_4x uart_clk spi1_clk mem_clk cpu_clk ÷ Program bus dma bus DEBUG ONLY  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 151 SEC1110/SEC1210 15.1 Reset The following are the reset sources to the chip: • Internal power on reset from voltage level detector. • Exit from STOP Mode (low pulse on RESET_N pad). The regulators are off in STOP Mode, and this is similar to power on reset. • Watchdog timer overflow occurs. • Reset from debug OCDS unit (through JTAG) is received. • A software reset will be generated after two consecutive 1 value writes to the srstreq bit in the srst register (0F7h). On the above reset events, the following occurs: 1. All registers are set to their default values. 2. All endpoints are disabled. 3. If the SEC1110 or SEC1210 was in the power down state, then it is cleared. 4. All peripheral IOs: SPI1, SPI2, UART, USB, SC1, SC2, and GPIOs go to their reset state. A reset from debug OCDS unit (through JTAG) resets only the 8051 and SFR peripherals. 15.2 Oscillator The internal oscillator frequency is 4 or 48 MHz. If the oscillator is turned off, a wake-up event (USB wake-up or GPIO activity) can be programmed to start it. Once it has started, the 8051 can turn it off manually through the OSC48_CTL Register. 15.2.1 SYSTEM CLOCK SHUTDOWN To shutdown the 48 MHz oscillator, the 8051 clears the OSC_MODE2 bit. 15.2.2 SYSTEM CLOCK WAKE-UP If the oscillator is turned off, a wake-up event can be programmed to start it. The WakeOn Event block enables various wake-up events such as USB, or GPIO activity. When a wake-up event is detected, the following happens: 1. The system clock source is indicated by OSC48_SEL[1:0] bits. In case of 48 MHz oscillator selection, the OSC_- MODE[1:0] bits indicate the frequency selected, before clock shutdown. 2. The hardware waits for the selected oscillator source to settle down. 3. Once the clock is stable, the system clock is enabled to the CPU sub-system. If the CPU sub-system was powered down, then the CPU executes out of reset. If the CPU sub-system was powered but in a low-power state, then the CPU resumes executing instructions, from where it was suspended. 4. If it was a USB wake-up event, the firmware will receive a USB_WU_INT interrupt from USB. 5. Firmware must ensure that the clocks to synchronous devices are enabled before accessing them. 6. Non-synchronous devices can be accessed at any time. If the chip was expected to respond to a USB wake-up event, then the firmware must have selected the 48 MHz oscillator before going to suspend. If fast response to a wake-up event is not required, then the firmware selects the low frequency modes of the oscillator before going to suspend. 15.3 CLK_PWR Registers Summary The register addresses indicated below are offset address to XDATA base memory address 0xA000. TABLE 15-1: CLK_PWR REGISTER MAP REGISTER NAME XDATA ADDRESS EC TYPE OSC48_CTL 0x00 R/W OSC48_SETTLE_CLKS 0x01 R/W OSC32KHZ_CTL 0x02 R/W OSC_TEST_REGS 0x03 ~ 0x09 R/W MEM_CLK_DIV 0x0A R/W SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 152  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 15.4 Oscillator Registers 15.4.1 OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER CPU_CLK_DIV 0x0B R/W USB_CLK_CTL 0x0C R/W UART_CLK_DIV 0x0D R/W SPI1_CLK_DIV 0x0E R/W SPI2_CLK_DIV 0x0F R/W SC1_CLK_DIV 0x10 R/W SC2_CLK_DIV 0x11 R/W WOE_CTL 0x12 R/W WOE_STS 0x13 R/W POWER_STS1 0x14 R/W POWER_CTL1 0x15 R/W POWER_CTL2 0x16 R/W POWER_STS2 0x17 R/W OTP_CFG 0x18 R/W Reserved 0x19~0x1A R CLKPWR_VERSION 0x1B R Reserved 0x1C~0x1F R CLKPWR_TEST1 0x20 R/W CLKPWR_TEST2 0x21 R/W CLKPWR_TEST3 0x22 R/W CLKPWR_TEST4 0x23 R OSC4_FTRIM_LSB 0x26 R/W OSC4_FTRIM_MSB 0x27 R/W TABLE 15-2: OSCILLATOR 48 MHZ CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER OSC48_CTL (0X000~0X000 – RESET=0X00 OR 0X03) OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 EXT_OSC_SLEEP R/W If in external 48 MHz oscillator setting this bit enters Sleep Mode, where the clock is gated. 6 OSC_DTRIM R/W When this bit is set, it enables the dynamic tuning of the internal oscillator. The USB interface must also be enabled. 0 : Disable dynamic tuning (default) 1 : Enable dynamic tuning TABLE 15-1: CLK_PWR REGISTER MAP (CONTINUED) REGISTER NAME XDATA ADDRESS EC TYPE  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 153 SEC1110/SEC1210 There are two primary sources of clock to the chip, the external or internal 48 MHz oscillator. Note that the external oscillator input is disabled in production parts and is used for test only. The internal oscillator operates in 3 modes as indicated by the OSC_MODE bits, at 48 MHz, 4 MHz or Sleep Mode. The above bits (OSC48_SEL and OSC_MODE) select the clock named reference clock (ref_clk). The default after power on reset or exiting STOP Mode or deassertion of RESET_N is to use the internal oscillator at 4 MHz. After reset is released (the later of power on reset or external RESET_N signal), the Clock and Reset block waits for the oscillator to be stable. The settling times of the oscillator may be changed by writing to the OSC48_SETTLE_- CLKS Register. This settling time is also used when the OSC48_SEL0 bit is reset or OSC_MODE[1:0] bits are changed. In normal functional mode, the oscillator operates in 48 MHz mode, and the firmware can switch from 4 MHz to 48 MHz. This mode is required for accurate timing reference, to operate peripheral blocks such as USB, UART, SPI1, SPI1, and SC1. If the peripheral blocks such as USB, UART, SPI1, SPI2, and SC1 are not enabled, then Low Power Mode may be entered by selecting OSC_MODE[2:0]=000b. In this mode, the oscillator output is approximately 4 MHz. The reference clock is running in 8051 IDLE and STOP modes. If the oscillator source needs to be shutdown in Lower Power Mode, then the firmware must write a one to the OSC_MODE2 bit. 5:3 OSC_MODE[2:0] R/W These bits indicate the mode of the internal oscillator. Bit 2 indicates if the 48 MHz oscillator is in Sleep Mode. Bits 1:0 indicate the mode of the 48 MHz internal oscillator. 000 : The oscillator is enabled in low power state and outputs 4 MHz. This setting is default when the external oscillator is not selected (OSC48_SEL=0). 001 : Reserved. 010 : The oscillator is enabled and outputs 48 MHz 011/111 : Reserved in SEC1110/SEC1210. When Bit 2 is also set, the 111 code indicates that the Oscillator is powered, but its output is gated to lower power consumption. The OSC_MODE[1:0] bits are not updated when OSC_MODE[2:0] is written with 111, thus preserving the oscillator frequency mode. This feature is used when instant start up time is required out of sleep modes. Bit 2 = 1: The internal 48 MHz oscillator is in Sleep Mode. An external event from the WIC block can enable the oscillator if the OSC48_SEL0 bit is 0. On wake-up, the oscillator powers up to 48 MHz or 4 MHz depending on OSC_MODE[1:0] setting, after settling time. When OSC_MODE[1:0] bits are changed (and OSC_MODE2=0), the clocks are gated until the oscillator setting time. If External Oscillator Mode is selected, then the internal oscillator is powered down automatically except when Trimming (OSC_DTRIM) is enabled. In this case, the OSC_MODE[2:0] bits cannot be changed when OSC48_SEL0 bit is set 2:1 OSC48_SEL[1:0] R/W These bits indicate the oscillator selection. 00 : Internal 48 MHz oscillator selected, and oscillator clocks is seen after settling time. 01 : External 48 MHz oscillator selected. This state can be written to only if EXT_OSC48_PRESENT is 1. 10 : Reserved 11 : Reserved. 0 EXT_OSC48_PRESENT R This bit indicates if external oscillator is connected. 0 : (default) No external oscillator. 1 : External 48 MHz oscillator connected Note: In the SEC1110 and SEC1210 chips, the 32.768 kHz oscillator is not present. TABLE 15-2: OSCILLATOR 48 MHZ CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED) SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 154  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 15.4.2 OSCILLATOR 48 MHZ SETTLE TIME REGISTER The reset value of this register, after the following events, is 0x0A (100 s for 48 MHz): • Power on reset, or RESET_N release • Exit from STOP Mode This value may be changed by firmware to 0x5 (50 s) before entering low power modes, in which the 48 MHz oscillator is used after a wake-up event. 15.4.3 OSCILLATOR 32 KHZ REGISTERS The 32.768 Khz Oscillator can be shutdown under the following conditions: • When the reference clock (ref_clk) is in 4/8/48 Mhz mode and RTC and LCD are not enabled, and core regulators are not going to be powered down (PWR_CORE_DIS[2:0]=000). • When the reference clock is in 32.768 Khz mode, then resetting OSC32KHZ_ENABLE powers down this oscillator. • When reference clock is in 32.768 Khz mode, and any of the PWR_CORE_DIS[2:0] bits are set and OSC32KHZ_ENABLE bit is reset. TABLE 15-3: OSCILLATOR 48 MHZ SETTLING TIME OSC48_SETTLE_CLKS (0X001~0X001 – RESET=0X0A) OSCILLATOR 48MHZ SETTLE TIME REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 DEBOUNCE_CLK_EN R/W This bit if set, it enables a 100 kHz or 1 kHz debounce clock. 6 DEBOUNCE_FREQ R/W 0 : 1 kHz debounce clock 1 : 100 kHz debounce clock 5 A1_COMPATIBLE R/W In the SEC1110/SEC1210 version, this bit is always 0. In other versions, 0: indicates the GPIO block runs off cpu_clk, and if the 8051 is in CPU_IDLE state. The GPIO debounce feature would not function, since cpu_clk is gated. 1: indicates the GPIO block runs off cpu_per_clk. Therefore, if the 8051 is in CPU_IDLE state, the GPIO debounce feature functions normally. 4:0 OSC48_SETTLE_CLKS R/W This field indicates the time to wait before the internal oscillator is stable at 48 MHz. Each increment of this field is approximately, 480 * (1/48) = 10 s, when OSC48_SEL1 is 0 (48 MHz). The settling time is OSC48_SETTLE_CLKS * 10 s. The default settling time is 100 s. TABLE 15-4: OSCILLATOR 32 KHZ CLOCK CONTROL REGISTERS OSC32KHZ_CTL (0X002~0X002 - RESET=0X00) OSCILLATOR 32KHZ CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:4 Reserved R Always read as 0 3:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 Reserved R Always read as 0 0 OSC32KHZ_PRESENT R Always read as 0  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 155 SEC1110/SEC1210 15.4.4 OSCILLATOR TEST REGISTERS 15.4.5 MEMORY CLOCK DIVIDE REGISTER The reset value of this register, after the following events is 12: • Power on reset, or RESET_N release • Exit from STOP Mode When the 48 MHz (or 4 MHz) oscillator (external or internal) is used, the memory clock frequency is 4 MHz (333.33 kHz). The memory bandwidth of on-chip ERAM is shared by the CPU, and by the peripherals such as USB, SPI1 or UART. The CPU clock is derived from memory clock, and both run at the same frequency after reset. This ensures that the CPU would have zero wait states accessing on-chip ERAM. But if other peripherals such as USB, SPI1 or UART are enabled, then the CPU clock must be lower than the memory clock frequency to avoid wait states to onchip ERAM. If the USB block is enabled, then the memory clock frequency must be a minimum 8 MHz. The valid values of MEM_- CLK_DIV with respect to divide factors of other peripherals is shown in Section 15.6, "Valid Clock Frequencies," on page 162. TABLE 15-5: OSCILLATOR TEST REGISTERS OSC_TEST_REGS (0X003~0X009) - RESET=0XXX) OSCILLATOR TEST REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 Reserved R/W These bits are reserved for test and must not be written to. Writes to this register may cause the part to be inoperable. TABLE 15-6: MEMORY CLOCK DIVIDE REGISTER MEM_CLK_DIV (0X00A~0X00A – RESET=0X0C) MEMORY CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:4 Reserved R Always read as 0 3:0 MEM_CLK_DIV[3:0] R/W This field indicates the divide factor of the reference clock (48 MHz or 4 MHz), to generate the CPU clock. The Clock and Reset blocks stop the memory clock, and consequently any clock derived from the memory clock. temporarily when this register is written to, and before enabling the clock to the new frequency. A value of zero indicates 16. The default divide factor is 12. mem_clk = ref_clk/MEM_CLK_DIV Note: In the SEC1110/SEC1210 version, before updating the CPU_CLK_DIV register the MEM_CLK_DIV register should be changed to 2 or higher first followed by writing to the CPU_CLK_DIV register. This is to avoid Anomaly 4: writing to the CPU_CLK_DIV register when the MEM_CLK_DIV register is equal to 1 causes the SRAM to malfunction. This anomaly is fixed in later SEC1110/SEC1210 versions. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 156  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 15.4.6 CPU CLOCK DIVIDE REGISTER The reset value of this register, after the following events is 1: • Power on reset, or RESET_N release • Exit from STOP Mode When the 48 MHz oscillator (external or internal) is used, the memory and CPU clock frequencies are 4 MHz. If other peripherals such as USB, SPI1 or UART are enabled, then the CPU clock must be lower than memory clock frequency to avoid wait states to on-chip ERAM. The Clocks block generates a CPU phase signal with respect to the memory clock. Hence at least one slot of the memory bandwidth is allocated to the CPU. The ERAM memory arbiter uses other slots of memory bandwidth for all peripherals such as USB, SPI1, UART first. The CPU slot is used by the peripherals only in the worst case, when bandwidth is insufficient. The CPU is held in wait if an access occurs at the same time, in such a case. The valid values of CPU_CLK_DIV with respect to divide factors of other peripherals is shown in Table 15-16, “Valid Clock Frequencies,” on page 162. When reference clock is same as CPU_CLK/MEM_CLK, any change to CPU_CLK_DIV, MEM_CLK_DIV, (SPI1/SPI2/UART/USB/SC1/SC2)_CLK_DIV registers requires 10 CPU clocks to take effect before any peripheral is accessed, or other clock divider register is accessed. To decrease the mem_clk frequency, then mem_clk_div must be written first and cpu_clk_div second. To increase the mem_clk frequency, then cpu_clk_div needs to be written first, and then mem_clk_div. This will ensure that cpu_clk does not exceed the maximum supported frequency. The CPU peripheral clock is used by the 8051 CPU and internal peripherals such as Timer 0, Timer 1, Timer 2, WDT, and GPIO blocks. The peripherals UART, SPI1, SPI2 (TraceFIFO), and USB also use the CPU clock for their register interface. However, these peripherals also have separate IO function clocks. After a reset event (power on reset, STOP Mode, soft resets such as watchdog timeout, or OCDS), the OTP is read to determine the security configuration. Next, the reset to the CPU sub-system is released. The cpu_clk is gated in 8051 CPU_IDLE Mode, but the internal 8051 peripherals (Timer 0, Timer 1, Timer 2) and GPIO blocks are receiving cpu_clkper. Both the cpu_clk and cpu_clkper are gated in 8051 CPU_STOP mode. Here the clocks to the external peripherals SPI1, SPI2, UART, USB, SC1, SC2, etc. may have clocks running based on their clock enable bits. An interrupt from these peripherals can wake up the CPU. If the external peripherals also have their clocks disabled, then only an external event from the chip can wake-up the CPU. This external event could be from GPIO blocks (if enabled) or USB resume. TABLE 15-7: CPU CLOCK DIVIDE REGISTER CPU_CLK_DIV (0X00B–0X00B RESET=0X01) CPU CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved R Always read as 0 6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4:2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1:0 CPU_CLK_DIV[1:0] R/W This field indicates the divide factor of the reference clock(48 MHz or 4 MHz), to generate the CPU clock. The Clock and Reset blocks stop the CPU clock, and the 8051 peripheral clock (clkper) temporarily when this register is written to, and before enabling the clock to the new frequency. The default divide factor is 1. A value of 0 indicates 4. cpu_clk = mem_clk/CPU_CLK_DIV)  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 157 SEC1110/SEC1210 Note 1: In SEC1110/SEC1210 version, when writing to the CPU_CLK_DIV register when the MEM_CLK_DIV register is equal to 1, causes the SRAM to malfunction. Before updating the CPU_CLK_DIV register the MEM_- CLK_DIV register should be changed to 2 or higher first followed by writing to the CPU_CLK_DIV register. This Anomaly 4 errata is fixed in later versions. 2: In SEC1110/SEC1210 silicon, the CPU_CLK_DIV value of 0, indicating divide by 4, must not be used. This Anomaly 20 errata is fixed in later versions. 15.4.7 USB CLOCK REGISTER The USB must be enabled by firmware only when the 48 MHz oscillator (external or internal) is used (OSC_MODE=010b and OSC48_SEL=00b or 01b). The firmware need not reset the USB_CLK_EN bit, before entering USB suspend.The hardware shuts off the USB clocks automatically when PWR_CORE_DIS0 is set. In this case, on resumption from USB suspend, as detected by the Wake on Event registers, the hardware would re-enable the USB clocks to continue USB operations. 15.4.8 UART CLOCK REGISTER TABLE 15-8: USB CLOCK REGISTER USB_CLK_CTL (0X00C~0X00C – RESET=0X00) USB CLOCK REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 USB_CLK_EN R/W When this bit is set, it enables the reference clock (48 MHz if selected) to the USB block. It also supplies a further divide by 4 clock (12 MHz) to the SIE engine. This bit must be enabled for a USB resume condition (normal resume or remote wake-up). The default value is 0. The clocks to the USB block can be halted by resetting this bit, without resetting the USB block (controlled by USB_RESET). 6 USB_RESET R/W This bit when set, resets the USB SIE block. 5 USB_PHY_SUSPEND R/W When this bit is set, it forces the USB PHY to into Suspend Mode. This bit may be used to reduce power consumption of the PHY, if USB is not used. This bit is absent in SEC1110/SEC1210 but is present in later versions. 4:0 Reserved R Always read as 0 TABLE 15-9: UART CLOCK REGISTER UART_CLK_DIV (0X00D~0X00D – RESET=0X01) UART CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 UART_CLK_EN R/W When this bit is set, it enables the reference clock after division by UART_CLK_DIV to the USB block. The default value is 0. The clocks to the UART block can be halted by resetting this bit, without resetting the UART block (controlled by UART_RESET). 6 UART_RESET R/W When this bit is set, it resets the UART block. 5:0 UART_CLK_DIV R/W This field indicates the division factor to reference clock (48 MHz if selected), to generate uart_clk. The frequency however must be a multiple of the cpu_clk frequency, which is enforced by software. The default value is 1. uart_clk = ref_clk/UART_CLK_DIV, with the constraint MEM_CLK_DIV * CPU_CLK_DIV = UART_CLK_DIV * U, where U is an integer. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 158  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The frequency selected for the UART block depends on the maximum baud rate desired. For low baud rates such as 9600, and 19200 a UART clock frequency of 4 MHz (cpu_clk) is sufficient. But for higher baud rates, the UART clock frequency must be 16 MHz or higher. In Clock Bypass Mode (i.e., ref_clk = mem_clk = clk_clk since MEM_CLK_DIV=1 and CPU_CLK_DIV=1), any write to enable the USB_CLK_DIV Register would require 10 CPU clocks for the UART clocks to be enabled again, after UART_RESET is reset or UART_CLK_EN is set. Hence, the UART block must not be accessed during this time. 15.4.9 SPI1 CLOCK REGISTER The SPI1 port is the functional Master SPI interface. The frequency selected for the SPI1 block depends on the maximum baud rate desired.The SPI1 baud rate maximum is half the spi1_clk frequency. For low baud rates a SPI1 clock frequency of 4 MHz is sufficient. But for higher baud rates, the SPI1 clock frequency must be higher. In Clock Bypass Mode (i.e., ref_clk = mem_clk = clk_clk since MEM_CLK_DIV=1 and CPU_CLK_DIV=1), any write to enable the SPI1_CLK_DIV Register would require 10 CPU clocks for the SPI1 clocks to be enabled again, after SPI1_RESET is reset or SPI1_CLK_EN is set. Hence the SPI1 block must not be accessed during this time. 15.4.10 SPI2 CLOCK REGISTER TABLE 15-10: SPI1 CLOCK REGISTER SPI1_CLK_DIV (0X00E~0X00E – RESET=0X01) SPI1 CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 SPI1_CLK_EN R/W When this bit is set, it enables the reference clock after division by SPI1_CLK_DIV to the SPI1 block. The default value is 0. The clocks to the SPI1 block can be halted by resetting this bit, without resetting the SPI1 block (controlled by SPI1_RESET). 6 SPI1_RESET R/W When this bit is set, it resets the SPI1 block. 5:0 SPI1_CLK_DIV R/W This field indicates the division factor to reference clock (48 MHz if selected), to generate the spi1_clk. The frequency, however, must be a multiple of the cpu_clk frequency, which is enforced by software. The default value is 1. spi1_clk = ref_clk/SPI1_CLK_DIV, with the constraint MEM_CLK_DIV * CPU_CLK_DIV = SPI1_CLK_DIV * SP1, where SP1 is an integer. TABLE 15-11: SPI2 CLOCK REGISTER SPI2_CLK_DIV (0X00F~0X00F – RESET=0X0C/0X8C/ 0X01/0X81) SPI1 CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 SPI2_CLK_EN R/W When this bit is set, it enables the reference clock after division by SPI2_CLK_DIV to the SPI2 block. The default value is 0. The default is 1 if configured to execute out of External SPI as indicated in TABLE 7-1: Code Execution Truth Table on page 21 This occurs if BOND2 pin is high in Debug package. The clocks to the SPI2 block can be halted by resetting this bit, without resetting the SPI2 block (controlled by SPI2_RESET). 6 SPI2_RESET R/W When this bit is set, it resets the SPI2 block.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 159 SEC1110/SEC1210 The SPI2 port is the Master SPI interface for external program space execution and instrumentation trace used in Debug Mode. The frequency selected for the SPI1 block depends on the maximum baud rate desired. For low baud rates a SPI2 clock frequency of 4 MHz is sufficient. But for higher baud rates, the SPI2 clock frequency must be higher. In Clock Bypass Mode (i.e., ref_clk = mem_clk = clk_clk since MEM_CLK_DIV=1 and CPU_CLK_DIV=1), any write to enable the SPI2_CLK_DIV Register would require 10 CPU clocks for the SPI2 clocks to be enabled again, after SPI1_RESET is reset or SPI1_CLK_EN is set. Hence the SPI2 block must not be accessed during this time. 15.4.11 SMART CARD1 CLOCK REGISTER The frequency selected for the SC1 block depends on the maximum baud rate desired. The SCC block has the ability to divide this clock generated by the values in the SC_DLL/SC_DLM registers and the SC_CLK_DIV Register to generate the etu. Hence this clock divider is to select the lowest frequency to the block to reduce dynamic power. The SC1 clock frequency selected must a integer multiple of the CPU clock. For example, if the Smart Card must operate at 16 MHz, the CPU clock is also at 4 MHz or 8 MHz, or if the Smart Card operates at 24 MHz, the CPU clock is also at 4.8 MHz. The SC1_CLK_EN bit must be enabled to write to the SC1_SC_FIFO_DIS bit in the Smart Card 1 registers. In Clock Bypass Mode (i.e., ref_clk = mem_clk = clk_clk since MEM_CLK_DIV=1 and CPU_CLK_DIV=1), any write to enable the SC1_CLK_DIV Register would require 10 CPU clocks for the SC1 clocks to be enabled again, after SC1_RESET is reset or SC1_CLK_EN is set. Hence, the SC1 block must not be accessed during this time. 5:0 SPI2_CLK_DIV R/W This field indicates the division factor to reference clock (48 MHz if selected), to generate spi2_clk. The frequency however must be a multiple of the cpu_clk frequency, which is enforced by software. The default value is 1. uart_clk = ref_clk/SPI2_CLK_DIV, with the constraint MEM_CLK_DIV * CPU_CLK_DIV = SPI2_CLK_DIV * SP2, where SP2 is an integer. If EXT_SPI_EN (BOND2) is high, then the reset value of this field is 12, otherwise the reset value is 1. TABLE 15-12: SC1 CLOCK REGISTER SC1_CLK_DIV (0X010~0X010 – RESET=0X01) SC1 CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 SC1_CLK_EN R/W When this bit is set, it enables the reference clock after division by SC1_CLK_DIV to the Smart Card 1 block. The default value is 0. The clocks to the SC1 block can be halted by resetting this bit, without resetting the SC1 block (controlled by SC1_RESET). 6 SC1_RESET R/W When this bit is set, it resets the SC1 block. 5:0 SC1_CLK_DIV R/W This field indicates the division factor to reference clock (48 MHz if selected), to generate sc1_clk. The default value is 1. sc1_clk = ref_clk/SC1_CLK_DIV, with the constraint MEM_CLK_DIV * CPU_CLK_DIV = SC1_CLK_DIV * SC1, where SC1 is an integer. TABLE 15-11: SPI2 CLOCK REGISTER (CONTINUED) SPI2_CLK_DIV (0X00F~0X00F – RESET=0X0C/0X8C/ 0X01/0X81) SPI1 CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 160  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 15.4.12 SMART CARD2 CLOCK REGISTER This register is valid only in the SEC1110. It is read only for the SEC1210. The frequency selected for the SC2 block depends on the maximum baud rate desired. The SCC block has the ability to divide this clock generated by the values in SC_DLL/SC_DLM and SC_CLK_DIV registers to generate the “etu”. Hence this clock divider is to select the lowest frequency to the block to reduce dynamic power. The SC2 clock frequency selected must a integer multiple of the CPU clock. For example, if Smart Card must operate at 16 MHz, the CPU clocks is also at 4 MHz or 8 MHz, or if the Smart Card operates at 4.8 MHz, the CPU clock is also at 4.8 MHz or 9.6 MHz. Though there are 2 Smart Card interfaces, they share the same UART, and only one of them is in operation at any point of time. Though there are 2 Smart Card interfaces, they share the same SC_FIFO, and only one of them is in operation at any point of time for data transfer. But both blocks may be active at the same time, and may be operating at different baud rates. But both the Smart Card clocks must be a multiple of CPU clock. For example, if each operate at 4.8 MHz and 4 MHz, then 48 MHz clock is routed to both blocks (SC1_CLK_DIV=1, SC2_CLK_DIV=1). In Clock Bypass Mode (i.e., ref_clk = mem_clk = clk_clk since MEM_CLK_DIV=1, CPU_CLK_DIV=1), any write to enable SC2_CLK_DIV register would require 10 CPU clocks for the SC2 clocks to be enabled again, after SC1_RESET is reset or SC1_CLK_EN is set. Hence the SC2 block must not be accessed during this time. TABLE 15-13: SC2 CLOCK REGISTER SC2_CLK_DIV (0X011~0X011 – RESET=0X01) SC2 CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 SC2_CLK_EN R/W When this bit is set, it enables the reference clock after division by SC_CLK_DIV to the Smart Card 2 block. The default value is 0. The clocks to the SC2 block can be halted by resetting this bit, without resetting the SC2 block (controlled by SC2_RESET). 6 SC2_RESET R/W This bit when set, resets the SC2 block. 5:0 SC2_CLK_DIV R/W This field indicates the division factor to reference clock (48 MHz if selected), to generate sc1_clk or sc2_clk. The default value is 1. sc1_clk = ref_clk/SC1_CLK_DIV, with the constraint MEM_CLK_DIV * CPU_CLK_DIV = SC1_CLK_DIV * SC1, where SC1 is an integer.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 161 SEC1110/SEC1210 15.5 Wake On Event Register TABLE 15-14: WAKE ON EVENT REGISTER WOE_CTL (0X012~0X012 – RESET=0X00) WAKEON EVENT REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 PWR_STS_WOE_MSK R/W Always read as 0 in SEC1110/SEC1210. Setting this bit enables waking up on a power status event. 4 Reserved R/W Always read as 0 3 Reserved R Always read as 0 2 Reserved R Always read as 0 1 USB_WOE_MASK R/W Setting this bit enables waking up the oscillator (enabling the reference clock) from power down state due to USB resume. Resetting this bit disables wake-up on USB resume. 0 GPIO_WOE_MSK R/W Setting this bit enables waking up the oscillator (enabling the reference clock) from power down state due to a GPIO event. Resetting this bit disables wake-up on a GPIO event. The GPIO registers must be enabled to detect a pad change. TABLE 15-15: WAKE ON EVENT STATUS REGISTER WOE_STS (0X013~0X013 – RESET=0X00) WAKEON EVENT STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 PWR_STS_WOE R/W Always read as 0 in SEC1110/SEC1210. This bit is set on waking up on a power status event. 4 Reserved R/W Always read as 0 3 Reserved R Always read as 0 2 Reserved R Always read as 0 The firmware writes a 1 to reset it. 1 USB_WOE R/W1 Hardware sets this bit on USB resume. The firmware writes a 1 to reset it. 0 GPIO_WOE R/W1 Hardware sets this bit on GPIO event. The firmware writes a 1 to reset it. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 162  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 15.6 Valid Clock Frequencies If an interface is not used, its clock can be disabled and that cell is left blank. All frequencies are in MHz unless otherwise stated. • SP1 is an integer such that the SPI1 clock frequency is a multiple of the CPU frequency. • SP2 is an integer such that the SPI2 clock frequency is a multiple of the CPU frequency. • U is an integer such that the UART clock frequency is a multiple of the CPU frequency. • Only one Smart Card can be in use at any time. Its frequency is a multiple of the CPU frequency. • The Memory clock frequency must be 8 Mhz or higher if USB is used. The 48 MHz oscillator mode is required for USB operation. There are 3 examples clock generation shown in FIGURE 15-2: on page 163, FIGURE 15-3: on page 164, and FIGURE 15-4: on page 165. TABLE 15-16: VALID CLOCK FREQUENCIES INDEX REF MEM CPU SPI1 SPI2 UART USB (SIE) SC1 SC2 COMMENT 1 48 4 MEM SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU - SC1 * CPU (4) SC2 * CPU (4) USB, a multiple of CPU 2 48 8 MEM SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU 12 SC1 * CPU (4) SC2 * CPU (4) 4 48 4.8 MEM SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU - SC1 * CPU (4.8) SC2 * CPU (4.8) USB, not a multiple of CPU 5 48 9.6 MEM SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU 12 SC1 * CPU (4.8) SC2 * CPU (4.8) 6 48 9.6 MEM/2 SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU 12 SC1 * CPU (4.8) SC2 * CPU (4.8) 7 4 REF MEM CPU CPU CPU - Low Power mode TABLE 15-17: VALID CLOCK FREQUENCIES INDEX REF MEM CPU SPI1 SPI2 UART USB (SIE) SC1 COMMENT 1 48 4 MEM SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU - SC1 * CPU (4) USB, a multiple of CPU 2 48 8 MEM SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU 12 SC1 * CPU (4) 4 48 4.8 MEM SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU - SC1 * CPU (4.8) USB, not a multiple of CPU 5 48 9.6 MEM SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU 12 SC1* CPU (4.8) 6 48 9.6 MEM/2 SP1 * CPU SP2 * CPU U * CPU 12 SC1 * CPU (4.8) 7 4 REF MEM CPU CPU CPU - Low Power modes 9 32.768 KHz REF MEM CPU CPU CPU  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 163 SEC1110/SEC1210 FIGURE 15-2: CLOCK GENERATION EXAMPLE 1 Clock generation: example 1 OSC in: frequency input is 48 MHz/4 MHz(/32.768 kHz), 50% duty cycle. Memory Clock: period programmable mem_div 1 to 16 cycles of OSC in, 50% duty cycle. Mem_clk = Osc / mem_div. e.g. Shown mem_div = 4 CPU clock out: period programmable 1 to 4 cycles of mem_clk, 50% duty cycle. Cpu_clk = Mem_clk / cpu_div cpu2mem_phase is 0 during last memory clock before cpu_clk rising edge. usb_clk1x (12 MHz) Memory clk e.g. 12 MHz clk2x (24 MHz) osc48 usb_clk4x spi_clk e.g. 12 MHz cpu_clk e.g. 4 MHz cpu2mem_phase 0 1 2 CPU rd/wr request if present always serviced in 0 Reset Release SPI rd/wr request if present always serviced in 3/2/1 within 4 clocks or if CPU rd/wr request absent in 0, then in 0 2 3 10 USB rd/wr request if present always serviced within 4 clocks } } SPI clock out: spi_clk = osc * (S/(mem_div*cpu_div), where mem_div*cpu_div/S is an integer. i.e. spi_clk is a multiple of cpu_clk. cpu2spi2_phase=0 defines the spi_clk rising edge on which CPU writes/reads the SPI block. spi request to memory serviced within 4 memory clocks. USB clock out: clk_4x: Always 48 MHz Used by DPLL of USB. clk_1x: Always 12 MHz Used by USB SIE If mem_clk is a multiple of 4 MHz, i.e. 8/12 etc., USB accesses to memory are optimal. usb request to memory serviced within 4 clocks. In e.g. serviced within 3 clocks, in 2/1/0. cpu2spi_phase 0 1 2 cpu2spi_phase 0 spi_clk e.g. 4 MHz SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 164  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 15-3: CLOCK GENERATION EXAMPLE 2 Clock generation : example 2 OSC in: frequency input is 48 MHz/ 4 MHhz(/32.768 kHz), 50% duty cycle. Memory Clock: period programmable mem_div 1 to 16 cycles of OSC in, 50% duty cycle. Mem_clk = Osc / mem_div. e.g. Shown mem_div = 6 CPU clock out: period programmable 1 to 4 cycles of mem_clk, 50% duty cycle. Cpu_clk = Mem_clk / cpu_div cpu2mem_phase is high during last memory clock before cpu_clk rising edge. In above e.g. where cpu_clk=mem_clk=8Mhz, where cpu2mem_phase=0, cpu is wait stated to service priority 1-USB, priority 2-SPI, priority 3-SPI. usb_clk1x (12 MHz) Memory clk e.g. 8 MHz clk2x (24 MHz) osc48 usb_clk4x cpu2mem_phase cpu2uart_phase uart_clk e.g. 16 MHz CPU rd/wr request if present always serviced in 0 SPI rd/wr request if present always serviced in 3/2/1 within 4 clocks or if CPU rd/wr request absent in 0, then in 0 Reset Release 2 3 10 USB rd/wr request if present always serviced within 4 clocks UART clock out: uart_clk = osc * (U/(mem_div*cpu_div), where mem_div*cpu_div/U is an integer. i.e. uart_clk is a multiple of cpu_clk. cpu2uart_phase defines the uart_clk rising edge on which CPU writes/reads the UART block. uart request to memory serviced within 4 memory clocks. USB clock out: clk_4x: Always 48 MHz Used by DPLL of USB. clk_1x: Always 12 MHz Used by USB SIE If mem_clk frequency is a multiple of 4Mhz (8/12/16 MHz etc), USB to memory access are optimal. } } uart_clk e.g. 8 MHz uart_clk e.g. 8 MHz 0 cpu2uart_phase  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 165 SEC1110/SEC1210 FIGURE 15-4: CLOCK GENERATION EXAMPLE 3 Clock generation: example 3 OSC in: frequency input is 48 MHz/4 MHz (/32.768 kHz), 50% duty cycle. Memory Clock: period programmable mem_div 1 to 16 cycles of OSC in, 50% duty cycle. Mem_clk = Osc / mem_div. e.g. Shown mem_div = 4 CPU clock out: period programmable 1 to 4 cycles of mem_clk, 50% duty cycle. Cpu_clk = Mem_clk / cpu_div cpu2mem_phase is 0 during last memory clock before cpu_clk rising edge. usb_clk1x (12 MHz) Memory clk e.g. 9.6 MHz clk2x (24 MHz) osc48 usb_clk4x sc1_clk e.g. 48 MHz cpu_clk e.g. 4.8 MHz cpu2mem_phase 0 1 CPU rd/wr request if present always serviced in 0 Reset Release 2 3 10 USB rd/wr request if present always serviced within 4 clocks } SC1/SC2 clock out: sc1_clk = osc * (SC1/(mem_div*cpu_div), where mem_div*cpu_div/SC1 is an integer. i.e. sc1_clk is a multiple of cpu_clk. cpu2sc1_phase=0 defines the sc1_clk rising edge on which CPU writes/reads the SC1 block. USB clock out: clk_4x: Always 48 MHz Used by DPLL of USB. clk_1x: Always 12 MHz Used by USB SIE If mem_clk is a multiple of 4Mhz (4/812/16 MHz etc.), then USB to memory access are optimal. usb request to memory serviced within 4 clocks. In e.g. serviced within 3 clocks, in 2/1/ 0. cpu2sc1_phase SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 166  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 15.7 Power FIGURE 15-5: SEC1110/SEC1210 POWER STATES ALL_CC + CLK_PWR_CB + GPIO + KB + DFT USB + DMA ERAM IRAM HALT3 Mode Optional to power down IRAM/ERAM/ USB RUN1 Mode HALT2 Mode CPU Sleep USB Resume/ GPIO WOE ALL_CC + ALL_CB + CLK_PWR_CA + CPU + Timers 0/1/2 + UART + SPI1 + SPI2 + SC1 + OTP + ROM + 4/ 48 MHz OSC ERAM IRAM USB + DMA ALL_CC + ALL_CB + CLK_PWR_CA + CPU + Timers 0/½ + UART + SPI1 + SPI2 + SC1/SC2 + OTP + ROM + 4Mhz/ PD OSC ERAM IRAM USB + DMA RUN2 (USB=on), RUN3 (USB=off) Modes CC : Powered by Low Quiescent regulator CB : Powered by Standby regulator CA: Powered by Active regulator RESET_N R=0 RESET_N=1 RESET_N=0 OSC_MODE= 000/001 PWR_CORE_DIS= 001, OSC_MODE= 100/111/110 PWR_CORE_DIS= 000, OSC_MODE= 100/111/110 GPIO WOE STOP Mode ALL_CC + ALL_CB + CLK_PWR_CA + CPU + Timers 0/½ + UART + SPI1 + SPI2 + SC1/SC2 + OTP + ROM + 4/8 MHz ERAM IRAM GPIO WOE USB off  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 167 SEC1110/SEC1210 15.7.1 CPU SLEEP/POWER MANAGEMENT The R8051XC2 has a power management control unit that generates clock enable signals for the main CPU and for peripherals. This unit has two Power Down Modes: IDLE and STOP. It also generates an internal synchronous reset signal (upon external reset, watchdog timer overflow, or software reset condition, OCDS). The IDLE Mode leaves the clock of the internal peripherals running. Any interrupt will wake the CPU. The CPU sleep modes may be entered in any of the RUN power states. 15.7.1.1 CPU_IDLE Mode Setting the idle bit of the Power Control Register invokes the IDLE Mode. In the IDLE Mode, the clock for some peripherals (Timer 0, Timer 1, WDT, interrupt controller, reset, and wake-up units) is running (the clkper_en=1 and clkcpu_en=0). Dynamic power consumption drops because the CPU clock is stopped. The CPU can exit the IDLE state with any interrupt or reset. 15.7.1.2 CPU_STOP Mode The STOP Mode turns off both internal clocks: clk_cpu and clk_per. The CPU will exit this state when an External Interrupt 0 (reserved) or External Interrupt 1 (GPIO) occurs, or a reset occurs. Internally generated interrupts are disabled since they require clock activity. Dynamic Power consumption drops further compared to IDLE Mode. The CLK_PWR block is active, with oscillators up and running. Also, the peripherals such as SPI1, SPI2, SC1, SC2, and UART may be running if they where enabled. The memory clock to the XDATA SRAM is also up. The Wake-up from Power-Down Mode Control Unit services External Interrupt 0 (all interrupts except GPIOs) or External Interrupt 1 (GPIO0,1, or 2 interrupts) during power-down modes. They can combinationally force the clock enable outputs back to active state so that the clock generation can be resumed. 15.7.2 POWER STATES 15.7.2.1 STOP Mode This mode is entered when the chip is powered, and the external signal RESET_N is low. Entering this mode disables all the voltage regulators for the core and all IO rails. The amount of power consumed is at its least while in this state. The IO pads, GPIO, USB and Smart Card pads are in high impedance mode (no power), but the pad inputs are 5 V tolerant. The typical use is RESET_N signal being asserted when a system is in low power mode The RESET_N is released only when the Host requires an interface to the Smart Card. When RESET_N is released, the chip powers up and enters RUN1 Mode (Section 15.7.2.3). 15.7.2.2 HALT Mode The HALT modes are entered only from RUN2/ RUN3 modes. In this Mode, the software disables the clock to all peripherals such as SPI1, SPI2, UART, SC1, and SC2. If this mode was entered due to USB suspend, then the USB clock is disabled. The software must enable the Wake on Event Register (USB/GPIO) before entering this mode. The software enters this mode by setting the PWR_CORE_DIS bits and OSC_MODE[2] bit, which causes the oscillator to be powered down. Now all main clocks in the core power domain are off, and the chip is in low power state.In order to meet the 200uA USB suspend limit, there are two core power domains. In CoreB (Standby) domain the CLK_PWR, UDC, XDATA ERAM, and IRAM are powered. All other core logic is powered down. Only a wake-up event such as a USB Resume, GPIO event, or Reset event would cause the chip to exit this state to RUN modes. The 3.3 V core power to GPIOs and the USB transceiver is enabled. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 168  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 15.7.2.3 RUN1 Mode This mode is entered after a power on reset event, or when the software operates the oscillator in Low Power Mode, where the internal oscillator runs at 4 MHz. The dynamic power consumption is low, and it depends on which peripherals are enabled, such as SPI1 (SPI2 in Debug Mode), or UART. The peripherals such as USB, and SC1, and SC2 require accurate frequency generation, and must not be enabled in the RUN1 Mode. 15.7.2.4 RUN2 Mode This mode is entered when the software operates the oscillator in normal mode, where the internal oscillator runs at 48 MHz. The dynamic power consumption is high, and it depends on which peripherals are enabled, such as SPI1 (SPI2 in Debug Mode), UART, USB, SC1, and SC2. The USB is not configured and disabled. The difference between RUN2 and RUN3 modes, is that in RUN2 mode, the USB is off. Hence if operating the Smart Card blocks at lower baud rate, then 48 Mhz oscillator is not required, and reference clock could be at 4. If Smart Card 1 (or Smart Card 2) is to be enabled, then the variable voltage regulators LDO2A, (or LDO2B) is enabled. The software can enter lower power states such as RUN1, or HALT states, by changing the OSC_MODE[2:0] bits. The software must turn off power supplies to SC1_VCC and SC2_VCC before going to low power modes. The chip may enter this mode from RUN1 Mode by changing the OSC_MODE[2:0] bits to 010b and OSC48_SEL[1] to 0b. 15.7.2.5 RUN3 Mode This mode is entered when the software operates the Oscillator in normal mode, where the internal oscillator runs at 4 or 48 Mhz. The dynamic power consumption is higher, and it depends on which peripherals are enabled, such as SPI1 (SPI2 in debug mode), UART, USB, SC1, SC2. If Smart Card 1 (or Smart Card 2)is to be enabled, then Variable voltage regulators LDO2A (or LDO2B) is enabled. The Software can enter lower power states such as RUN1, or HALT states, by changing the PWR_CORE_DIS[2:0] and OSC_MODE[2:0] bits. The software must turn off power supplies to SC1_VCC and SC2_VCC before going to low power modes. The chip may enter this mode from RUN1 mode by changing the OSC_MODE[2:0] bits to ‘b010 and OSC48_SEL[1] to ‘b0.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 169 SEC1110/SEC1210 When RESET_N is low, all the regulators are in Power Down Mode. When RESET_N is released high, all the core voltage and 3.3 V IO voltage rails are powered up. FIGURE 15-6: POWER-ON SEQUENCING Reset deasserted 1.2V VDD_SOC domain up 1.2V Standby Power domain up 3.3V Power domain up VDD5 RESET_N PD_LOWIQ_LDO3_SOC POWERGOOD_LDO3C PD_STANDBY_LDO3_SOC POWERGOOD_LDO3B_SOC PD_LDO3_SOC POWERGOOD_LDO3A_SOC PD_LDO1_SOC POWERGOOD_LDO1_SOC PW_GD (POR_5) CORE_RESET_N PD_LDO2A_SOC=1, PD_LDO2B_SOC=1 1.2V Active Power domain up PAD Outputs (if enabled) Z PAD (clamp0) Inputs (if enabled) Clamp 0 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 170  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The power up state of internal voltage regulators is shown below. 15.7.3 POWER STATUS REGISTERS If any bit changes in this register, then it causes a Power Status Event Interrupt. TABLE 15-18: POWER STATUS1 REGISTER POWER_STS1 (0X014 – RESET=001000XXB) POWER STATUS1 REGISTER BYTE NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 POWERGOOD_LDO2A R If this bit is high, it indicates that SC2_VCC power is stable (100%). It is low if the voltage drops below 85% of rated value. If the SC2 smart card is in operation and this bit becomes low, it indicates that SC2_VCC current limit has been reached, probably due to a short circuit. 6 POWERGOOD_LDO2B R If this bit is high, it indicates that SC1_VCC power is stable (100%). It is low if the voltage drops below 85% of rated value. If the SC1 smart card is in operation and this bit becomes low, it indicates that SC1_VCC current limit has been reached, probably due to a short circuit. 5 POWERGOOD_LDO1 R If this bit is high, it indicates that LDO1 3.3 V power is stable (100%). It is low if the voltage drops below 85% of rated value. 4 Reserved R Reserved 3 SC2_VCC_OCS R This bit is normally zero. If this bit is set, it indicates that the short circuit current exceeded the limits for SC2_VCC. If the LDO2A regulator is powered on, and POWERGOOD_LDO2A is never high because of excess short circuit current, then this bit is set.This bit is reset when software reads this register. 2 SC1_VCC_OCS R This bit is normally zero. If this bit is set, it indicates that the short circuit current excessed the limits for SC1_VCC. If the LDO2B regulator is powered on, and POWERGOOD_LDO2B is never high because of excess short circuit current, then this bit is set. This bit is reset when software reads this register. 1 VDD5_LOW RO This bit is set when the VDD5 power supply voltage drops below 4.8V, indicating the Smart Card cannot be operated as a Class A terminal. This bit is zero, when the VDD5 power is above 4.9V. The VDD5 comparator has a 100mV hysteresis. T 0 Reserved R This bit is low when VDD5 is powered. This bit is always low in since the only power source is VDD5.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 171 SEC1110/SEC1210 15.7.4 POWER CONTROL 1 REGISTER These register bits control the power supply to the IO pads of the chip, except for the 3.3 V pads. TABLE 15-19: POWER STATUS2 REGISTER POWER_STS2 (0X017 – RESET=000XX11XB) POWER STATUS2 REGISTER BYTE NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 SC2_VCC_PWR_OVRR R/W When this bit is set to 1, it allows powering up of the SC2 pads with PWR_SC2_EN bits i.e., the SC register bit CARD2_VCC_CNTL need not be configured to power the SC2 pads. 6:3 Reserved R Always read as 0 2 POWERGOOD_LDO3B R If this bit is high, it indicates that the Core 1.2 V standby power is stable. It is low if the voltage drops below 85% of rated value. 1 POWERGOOD_LDO3A R If this bit is high, it indicates that the Core 1.2 V power is stable. It is low if the voltage drops below 85% of rated value. 0 VDD5_LOW_3P5 R This bit if high indicates that the VDD5 power supply is less than 3.5V. This bit if low, indicates that the VDD5 power supply is more than 3.5V. TABLE 15-20: POWER CONTROL 1 REGISTER POWER_CTL1 (0X015 – RESET=0X00) POWER CONTROL1 REGISTER BYTE NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 SC2_CLK_SLEW_RATE R/W Always read as 0 in the SEC1110/SEC1210 version. If this bit is set, it causes the Smart Card pads to operate normally, i.e., the rise and fall times are within 8% of 4.8 MHz, even with large capacitive loads (85 pF). If this bit is reset, it reduces the slew rate of the SC2_CLK pad to 33% slew rate of normal operation. This feature enables software to reduce the edge rate of the SC2_CLK pad when the load capacitance is normal (around 30 pF), by setting this bit. 6 Reserved R Always read as 0 5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4 SC1_CLK_SLEW_RATE R/W Always read as 0 in the SEC1110/SEC1210 version. If this bit is set, it causes the Smart Card pads to operate normally, i.e., the rise and fall times are within 8% of 4.8 MHz, even with large capacitive loads (85 pF). If this bit is reset, it reduces the slew rate of the SC1_CLK pad to 33% slew rate of normal operation. This feature enables software to reduce the edge rate of the SC1_CLK pad when load capacitance is normal (around 30 pF), by setting this bit. 3:2 PWR_SC2_EN R/W This register controls the voltage regulator for the Smart Card 2 pads, if the PWR_SC2_EN33 bit is zero. This is applicable only to the SEC1210. Otherwise this field is read only. 00 : SC2_VCC is powered down. 01 : SC2_VCC supplies 5.0 V (Class A) 10 : SC2_VCC supplies 3.0 V (Class B) 11 : SC2_VCC supplies 1.8 V (Class C). The VCC_CNTL bit in the Smart Card 2 SC_Sync_ALL Register must be set to enable the PWR_SC2_EN values to control the voltage regulator. If VCC_CNTL is reset, then it is equivalent to 00b setting. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 172  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. The PWR_SC1_EN bit controls the power to all the Smart Card 1 pins, namely SC1_CLK, SC1_IO, SC1_RST_N, SC1_C4, and SC1_C8. The Power Control 2 Register controls the power supply to the core logic of the chip, and the power to the 3.3 V pads. 1:0 PWR_SC1_EN R/W This register controls the voltage regulator for the Smart Card 1 pads, if PWR_SC1_EN33 bit is zero. 00 : SC1_VCC is powered down. 01 : SC1_VCC supplies 5.0 V (Class A) 10 : SC1_VCC supplies 3.0 V (Class B) 11 : SC1_VCC supplies 1.8 V (Class C). The VCC_CNTL bit in the Smart Card 1 SC_Sync_ALL Register must be set to enable PWR_SC1_EN values to control the voltage regulator. If VCC_CNTL is reset, then it is equivalent to 00b setting. TABLE 15-21: POWER CONTROL 2 REGISTER POWER_CTL2 (0X016 – RESET=0X00) POWER CONTROL2 REGISTER BYTE NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 PWR_SC1_EN33 R/W If this bit is high, it indicates that the SC1_VCC supplies 3.3 V. If this bit is low, it allows the PWR_SC1_EN bit to control SC1_VCC power. 6 PWR_SC2_EN33 R/W If this bit is high, it indicates that SC2_VCC supplies 3.3 V. This bit if low, allows PWR_SC2_EN bit to control SC2_VCC power. 5 PWR_VDD33_DIS R/W This field indicates whether the power to the pads using VDD33 is disabled in low power modes. 0 : Power to VDD3 pads is enabled. 1 : Power to VDD3 pads is disabled. Note that PWR_CORE_DIS[1] also must also be 1 for 3.3 V pads to be disabled. 4 SC1_VCC_PWR_OVRRD R/W Always read as 0 in SEC1110/SEC1210 version. If this bit is set, the LDO2B regulator can be controlled directly by the PWR_SC1_EN register bits. If this bit is cleared, the Smart Card controller bits control the LDO2B regulator. 3 PWR_RAMS_DIS R/W This field indicates whether the power to the RAMs in the core logic is disabled in low power modes. 0 : Power to all RAM blocks is enabled. 1 : Power to the IRAM, ERAM blocks is disabled. A write to this field only takes affect after a consecutive write to the OSC48_CTL register. 2:0 PWR_CORE_DIS[2:0] R/W This field indicates whether the power to the core logic is disabled in low power modes. 000 : Power to all core blocks is enabled. Bit 0 : Controls power disable to voltage regulator LDO3A which supplies power to most of the core logic except the USB core, and some parts of CLK_PWR block. Bit 1 : Reserved. Bit 2 : Reserved. A write to this field only takes effect after a consecutive write to the OSC48_CTL register. TABLE 15-20: POWER CONTROL 1 REGISTER POWER_CTL1 (0X015 – RESET=0X00) POWER CONTROL1 REGISTER BYTE NAME R/W DESCRIPTION  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 173 SEC1110/SEC1210 The PWR_SC2_EN bit controls the power to the Smart Card 2 pins, namely SC2_CLK, SC2_IO, and SC2_RST_N. To enter low power modes, a write to PWR_STOP_MODE bit in PWR_CNTL1 register or a write to PWR_CORE_DIS[2:0], PWR_RAMS_DIS and PWR_VDD33_DIS bits in PWR_CNTL2 register should be followed by a write to OSC48_CTL register to take effect. Any writes to other bits of PWR_CNTL1 and PWR_CNTL2 registers are ignored for this "two consecutive writes" rule. The hardware needs approximately 300 CPU clocks to enter the low power states. 15.8 One Time Programmable ROM Configuration This OTP Configuration Register is read only and is updated every time before reset release to the 8051 CPU. It captures the first byte of Table 15-22, “One Time Programmable Configuration Register,” on page 173. Since the initial unprogrammed state of the OTP special registers is all zeroes, this register powers up as zero. 15.9 Clock Power Test Registers These registers at address offsets 0x20 to 0x23 are for Microchip Internal use only, and changing the default values may cause faulty operation of the device. TABLE 15-22: ONE TIME PROGRAMMABLE CONFIGURATION REGISTER OTP_CFG (0X18 - RESET=0X00) OTP CONFIG REGISTER BYTE NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 FORCE_OTP_ROM R 1 : Forces execution out of the OTP ROM irrespective of the BOND2 value. 0 : Execute out of ROM or OTP_ROM, or external SPI2 depending on Table 7-1, “Code Execution Truth Table,” on page 21. 6 OTP_ROM_EN R 1 : Forces execution out of the OTP ROM if BOND2 (i.e., EXT_SPI2_EN) is zero. 0 : Execute out of ROM, or external SPI2 depending on BOND2 5 JTAG_DIS R If this bit is programmed, then JTAG_CLK cannot be configured in JTAG Mode. OCDS debug access to 8051 CPU is disabled. LVJTAG access is also disabled. 4:3 Reserved R Reserved 2:1 LOCK[1:0] R Active high. Locks VPP switch in individual sectors 1 and 0. 0 MLOCK R Active high. Locks VPP switch to all sectors. TABLE 15-23: CLKPWR TEST1 REGISTER CLKPWR_TEST1 (0X020 – RESET=0X00) CLKPWR REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:6 TEMPCOMPPRG_48MOS C[1:0] RO The default value is 00. The effect of changing these values is not documented. This field is tied to 00. 5:3 IBIASPRG_48MOSC[2:0] RW The default value is 000. The effect of changing these values is not documented. 2:0 STARTUP_48MOSC[2:0] RW The default value is 000. The effect of changing these values is not documented. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 174  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 15-24: CLKPWR TEST2 REGISTER CLKPWR_TEST2 (0X021 – RESET=0X00) CLKPWR TEST2 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 TF_PG_LDO3A RW The default value is 0. 6 TF_PG_SEL_LDO3A RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 bypasses the power good detector for LDO3A, and the value written in TF_PG_LDO3A is observed in POWERGOOD_LDO3A field. This field is defined for scan purposes. 5 TF_PG_LDO1 RW The default value is 0. 4 TF_PG_SEL_LDO1 RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 bypasses the power good detector for LDO1, and the value written in TF_PG_LDO1 is observed in POWERGOOD_LDO1 field. These two fields can be tested in functional mode. 3 TF_PG_LDO2A RW The default value is 0, since Smart Card 2 is disabled by default. 2 TF_PG_SEL_LDO2A RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 bypasses the power good detector for LDO2A, and the value written in TF_PG_LDO2A is observed in POWERGOOD_LDO2A field. 1 TF_PG_LDO2B RW The default value is 0 since Smart Card 1 is disabled by default. 0 TF_PG_SEL_LDO2B RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 bypasses the power good detector for LDO2B, and the value written in TF_PG_LDO2B is observed in POWERGOOD_LDO2B field. TABLE 15-25: CLKPWR TEST3 REGISTER CLKPWR_TEST3 (0X022 – RESET=0X00) CLKPWR TEST3 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 TF_SFST_LDO3A RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 disables the soft start feature of LDO3A. 6 TF_SFST_LDO1 RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 disables the soft start feature of LDO1. 5 TF_SFST_LDO2A RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 disables the soft start feature of LDO2A. 4 TF_SFST_LDO2B RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 disables the soft start feature of LDO2B. 3 TF_CL_LDO3A RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 doubles the current limit of LDO3A. 2 TF_CL_LDO1 RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 doubles the current limit of LDO1. 1 TF_CL_LDO2A RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 doubles the current limit of LDO2A. 0 TF_CL_LDO2B RW The default value is 0. A value of 1 doubles the current limit of LDO2B.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 175 SEC1110/SEC1210 In functional mode, if EXT_OSC48_PRESENT bit is one, then JTAG_TDI_LAT bit is used by boot ROM firmware to indicate the external clock frequency as 48 Mhz (JTAG_TDI_LAT=1), or 12 Mhz (JTAG_TDI_LAT=0). The firmware changes the MEM_CLK_DIV factor as 12 (external 48 Mhz clock), or 1 (external 12 Mhz clock). This test feature is used in ATE mode. TABLE 15-26: CLKPWR TEST4 REGISTER CLKPWR_TEST4 (0X023 – RESET=0X00) CLKPWR TEST4 REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 Reserved RO This bit is always zero. 6 RESET_SRC_SRST RO This bit if set indicates that the reset of the chip was due to ssrstreq bit in SRST register. 5 RESET_SRC_WDOG RO This bit if set indicates that the reset of the chip was due to Watchdog reset. 4 FAKE_TF_PG_2A_REG R/W Always read as zero in SEC1110/SEC1210. This bit if set disables powergood faking through the regulator interface. Instead it enables PWR_GD pin of SC2 PADS to be powergood faked directly. For the direct powergood faking, this bit should be set along with both "TF_PG_LDO2A and TF_PG_SEL_LDO2A" bits. When this bit is cleared, LDO2A regulator interface will be used to powergood faking. 3 FAKE_TF_PG_2B_REG R/W Always read as zero in SEC1110/SEC1210. This bit if set disables powergood faking through the regulator interface. Instead it enables PWR_GD pin of SC1 PADS to be powergood faked directly. For the direct powergood faking, this bit should be set along with both "TF_PG_LDO2B and TF_PG_SEL_LDO2B" bits. When this bit is cleared, LDO2B regulator interface will be used to powergood faking. 2 JTAG_TDI_LAT RO This bit indicates the value of JTAG_TDI pin at internal reset release time (3.3V pads are powered up). 1 JTAG_CLK_LAT RO This bit indicates the value of JTAG_CLK pin at internal reset release time (3.3V pads are powered up). 0 TEST_LAT RO This bit indicates the value of TEST pin at internal reset release time (3.3V pads are powered up). TABLE 15-27: CLKPWR VERSION REGISTER CLKPWR_VERSION (0X01B – RESET=0X01) VERSION REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:4 Reserved R Always read as zero. 3:0 VERSION[3:0] R The field indicates the mask revision of silicon. The default value is 0001 : indicating A0 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 176  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 16.0 OTP ROM TEST INTERFACE The One Time Programmable (OTP) ROM is 128 kbits in size, organized as 16 kB during Read Mode. • Up to 4 bits may be programmed at a time By default, the OTP ROM is read in Single-Ended Mode utilizing a single memory cell per logical bit of information. Two additional read modes are provided to enhance margins and secure data in highly reliable, field programmable systems: Differential Mode and Redundant Mode. The Read Mode is controlled by the Mode Register and can be dynamically changed for different sections of the address space. • In Single-Ended Read Mode, the memory cell is compared to a reference to determine its state. The main memory is addressed by A[9:0] in Single-Ended Mode. The ROM memory size is 16 kB. • In Differential Read Mode, two memory cells are compared to each other, one programmed and one not, without a need for a reference. The main memory is addressed by A[9:1] in Differential Mode. The address bit A0 selects between the two physical cells constituting one logical bit and is used during program and verification operations. The ROM memory size is 8 kB. • In Redundant Read Mode, two memory cells are accessed in parallel (wired-OR manner) and compared to a higher reference, which results in increased signal margins. Redundant Mode offers improvement for defective programmed cells only; there is no improvement for defective unprogrammed cells (leaky cells). In Redundant Mode, the memory is addressed by A[9:2,0]. Bit A1 is ignored during read, but is used during program and verify operations. The ROM memory size is 8 kB. • The memory can also operate in Differential-Redundant Mode utilizing four cells per logical bit of information. In Differential-Redundant Read Mode both address bits A[1:0] are ignored, but they are used for program and verification. The ROM memory size is 4 kB. • The 8051 CPU can access the OTP in two ways. One is through the parallel interface, where the OTP looks like a regular ROM, with 8051 issuing program or data address, and data being accessed parallelly. The processor also has access to the OTP through a Serial Test Port interface for programming. 16.1 OTP ROM Test Registers Summary The register addresses indicated below are offset address to XDATA base memory address A400h. 16.2 OTP_ROM Description The OTP ROM Non-Voltaile Memory (NVM) is organized into a regular structure of rows and columns of memory cells. The memory array is further organized into two sectors and four banks. A sector has 512 words and occupies the A[8:0] address space. The address bit A9 selects the sectors. To reduce programming time, all banks are programmed simultaneously (i.e., in parallel). TABLE 16-1: OTP TEST REGISTERS MAP REGISTER NAME XDATA ADDRESS EC TYPE OTP_SPECIAL 0x00 ~ 0x0F R/W OTP_REDUNDANCY_REG 0x20 ~ 0x2F R/W OTP_MODE_MRL 0x30 R/W OTP_MODE_MRH 0x31 R/W OTP_MODE_MRAL 0x32 R/W OTP_MODE_MRAH 0x33 R/W OTP_MODE_MRBL 0x34 R/W OTP_MODE_MRBH 0x35 R/W CPU_TCMD_REG 0x36 R/W CPU_TCTL_REG 0x37 R/W CPU_SHIFT_REG 0x38 ~ 0x3B R/W Reserved 0x3C ~ 0x3F R CPU_TDATA_REG 0x40 ~ 0x4F R/W  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 177 SEC1110/SEC1210 When all the bits are in un-programmed state, a read of all even address (A0=0) is 0, and a read of all odd address (A0=1) is 1. 16.2.1 BOOT ROWS In addition to the regular memory array, every sector includes 16 additional rows, called boot rows, for testing and memory bookkeeping purposes. The boot rows form non-continuous address spaces and are accessible when A10 is HIGH. The A10 pin selects between the two address spaces: the main memory address space and the boot address space. A typical boot space map is shown in Table 16-2 on page 177. The lowest boot address of sector 0 and sector 1 are reserved for the power-up reset sequence with their content respectively loaded into the Special Register (sector 0) and the Redundancy Register (sector 1). The user should program these locations with the desired content for the Special and Redundancy registers. The even locations in the boot rows other than location 0 and 2 can be used by the application either for testing or any specific purpose such as a scratch pad or memory book-keeping. The odd location in the boot row memory are readonly locations used as examples of Mask ROM. Locations 1,3,5,7, 9, and 11 are unprogrammed and read as all 1s, while locations 13 and 15 are programmed and read as all 0s. All boot row reads are done in Single-Ended Mode even when the main NVM array is configured in Differential or Redundant Mode. Note: In SEC1110/SEC1210 Silicon Anomaly 8: when running code from OTP that updates the CPU and memory clock dividers, it must not be aligned to a 16 byte boundary. This is because 16 bytes of OTP is fetched at a 16-byte address boundary, and cached for subsequent code fetches. Hence, in SEC1110/SEC1210 chip, use the provided API function in ROM to perform the clock divider update. This function is 16-byte aligned, and ensures that when the write to the CPU and memory clock dividers occurs, an OTP fetch is from the cache and not the OTP ROM. TABLE 16-2: BOOT BLOCK ADDRESS MAP FOR A10:=1 WORD# SECTO R ADDRE SS A9 A[8:4] A[3:2] A[1:0] CONTENTS PGM ACCES S DATA ON ALL OUTPUTS 0 0/1 xxxxx 00 00 For Testing or User Application yes 0 or PGM. 1 0/1 xxxxx 00 01 Read Only, Unprogrammed no 1 2 0/1 xxxxx 00 10 For Testing or User Application yes 0 or PGM. 3 0/1 xxxxx 00 11 Read Only, Unprogrammed no 1 4 0/1 xxxxx 01 00 For Testing or User Application yes 0 or PGM. 5 0/1 xxxxx 01 01 Read Only, Unprogrammed no 1 6 0/1 xxxxx 01 10 For Testing or User Application yes 0 or PGM. 7 0/1 xxxxx 01 11 Read Only, Unprogrammed no 1 8 0/1 xxxxx 10 00 For Testing or User Application yes 0 or PGM. 9 0/1 xxxxx 10 01 Read Only, Unprogrammed no 1 10 0/1 xxxxx 10 10 For Testing or User Application yes 0 or PGM. 11 0/1 xxxxx 10 11 Read Only, Unprogrammed no 1 12 0/1 xxxxx 11 00 For Testing or User Application yes 0 or PGM. 13 0/1 xxxxx 11 01 Read Only, Unprogrammed no 0 14 0/1 xxxxx 11 10 For Testing or User Application yes 0 or PGM. 15 0/1 xxxxx 11 11 Read Only, Unprogrammed no 0 SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 178  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 16.2.2 REDUNDANT MODE Redundant Mode (enabled by MR4) can be used in applications where the certainty of being able to program any information bit is required The two words that store the information are located at A1=1 and A1=0. During a redundant mode read, the A1 address is ignored; however, A1 is needed during program and program-verify to access the 2 words individually. Program-verify is a programming step where the application sets up the macrocell to read in Single-Ended Mode using aggressive read voltage and timing to verify proper data storage. To ensure that the data will be read back reliably during operation, the same information should be stored into both A1 addresses, regardless of whether any cell is defective. 16.2.3 ROW REDUNDANCY Redundant Mode can also be used with differential read, as Differential-Redundant Mode, in which case 4 cells would be used to store one information bit. The 4 cells reside in the A[1:0] address space 00b to 11b. Row redundancy is a word-oriented repair mechanism. It can repair both defective programmed and unprogrammed cells, and can be used with all read modes: single-ended, differential, redundant, and differential-redundant. Row redundancy can also be used to replace already programmed words in situations such as firmware update if the application does not use row redundancy for repairs. The Redundancy Register (RR) is used to achieve row redundancy and defective word repairs in the NVM memory. 16.2.3.1 Redundant words In each memory sector there are 16 redundant words (spare entries). To repair a defective word in a sector, the entire 16-word segment containing the defective word is replaced with the 16 redundant words (spare entries) in the same sector. The 16-word segments that can be replaced in the NVM memory are aligned on a 4-bit boundary (lowest 4 bits of address from 0x0 to 0xF). The Redundancy Register stores the addresses of defective 16-word segments in the different sectors. Only one replacement of 16 words as a group can be made per sector. All 16 redundant words must be programmed with the data that would otherwise go to the normal words. Typically, to program the redundant words the Mode register ‘row redundancy access’ bit (MR9) should be enabled. The normal words are disabled, and memory operations (program, program-verify, read) are performed only on the redundant words. In this case, the redundant words are addressed as follows: A10=0, A9 selects the sector, A[3:0] selects one of the 16 words, A[8:4] is ignored. Once redundant word programming has finished, disable the row redundancy access bit. 16.2.3.2 Redundancy Register (RR) Each byte in the RR stores the address of a 16-word segment containing one or multiple defective words. A bit in each byte indicates when the stored address is valid. The addresses stored in the RR are used by the address comparator to detect defective rows to be replaced by the redundant words (spare entries). The number of bytes in the RR are 16. TABLE 16-3: OTP REDUNDANCY REGISTER OTP_REDUNDANCY_REG (0X20 ~ 0X2F - RESET = 0XXX) OTP REDUNDANCY REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 OTP_RR_S2 R/W Set to 0 6 OTP_RR_A8 R/W A8 bit of defective word in sector 5 OTP_RR_A7 R/W A7 bit of defective word in sector 4 OTP_RR_A6 R/W A6 bit of defective word in sector 3 OTP_RR_BEMF R/W Byte Enable Master Fuse, when set to 1, indicates that the OTP_RR byte contains a valid address to be detected. When no detection is required, to prevent the RR byte from producing a match this bit should be set to 0. 2 OTP_RR_A5 R/W A5 bit of defective word in sector 1 OTP_RR_A4 R/W A4 bit of defective word in sector. 0 Not used R/W Not used.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 179 SEC1110/SEC1210 Each byte in the RR corresponds to a memory sector. At power-up or macrocell reset, the RR is automatically loaded from boot rows 0 and 2 of sector 1 (A9=1, A[8:4]=xxxxx, A[3:0]=0/2) in Redundant Mode. Thus the addresses to be detected (defective 16-word segment addresses) must be programmed in boot rows 0 and 2 of sector 1 with the same data. The RR byte at 0x20 must be used for repairs in sector 0, and RR at 0x21 must be used for repairs in sector 1. The other redundant words (spare entries) RR bytes 0x22 ~ 0x2F can be used for other purposes such as extra storage, incremental memory updates/replacements, as long as bit 3 of these bytes are not programmed. When boot rows 0 and 2 of sector 1 have never been programmed, such as during initial macrocell programming, the boot read sequence will load all zeros into RR. Thus bit 3 of all RR bytes will be zero and the address detector will not produce any matches even if the RED_EN port is high. The RR bytes would be programmed at test time, if a defective bit is detected during cell stress test. If the OTP has no defects and the RR bytes are unprogrammed, repairs may be done by the customer for other purposes such as code patching. 16.2.3.3 Address detector Row redundancy is enabled by setting the RED_EN pin HIGH. This pin enables the address comparator. The redundant addresses may be accessed by setting MR9 HIGH for programming or read operations. The address comparator compares the input addresses against the defective 16-word segment addresses stored in the RR. When a match is found, the word at address A[3:0] in the spare 16-word segment is accessed instead of the normal memory array word. For 128 Kbits OTP ROM, the sector bits S0=A9, S[2:0]=00. 16.2.4 SPECIAL REGISTERS The OTP Special Register powers up in an all HIGH state and is loaded with the content of boot rows 0 and 2, sector 0 after a power-up or a RESET command. The SR may be used to control security lock, multiple-time programmability, encryption keys and other customer-defined functions. The assignment of the Special Register bytes are shown in Table 16-5, “OTP SR Byte Assignment,” on page 180. The byte 0 location is registered in the OTP_CFG Register when the OTP is powered up the first time. Similarly bytes 1, and 2 are registered by the OSC_TEST_REGS, when the OTP is powered up the first time. TABLE 16-4: OTP SPECIAL REGISTER OTP_SPECIAL (0X00 ~ 0X0F - RESET = 0XXX) OTP SPECIAL REGISTERS BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 OTP_SPECIAL[7:0] R Special registers SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 180  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 16.2.5 SERIAL TEST PORT INTERFACE The test port is controlled by the following bits: • TSCK, TSI, TSO (serial interface) • TCMD[2:0] (test port instruction) • TRSTN (asynchronous reset) • TCLRN (asynchronous command clear) TABLE 16-5: OTP SR BYTE ASSIGNMENT BYTE BITS NAME DESCRIPTION 0 7 FORCE_OTP_ROM 1 : Forces execution out of the OTP ROM irrespective of BOND2 value. 0 : Execute out of ROM or OTP_ROM, or external SPI2 depending on Table 7-1, “Code Execution Truth Table,” on page 21. 6 OTP_ROM_EN 1 : Forces execution out of the OTP ROM if BOND2 (i.e., EXT_SPI2_EN) is zero. 0 :Execute out of OTP ROM, or external SPI depending on BOND2 5 JTAG_DIS If this bit is programmed, then JTAG_CLK pin cannot be configured in JTAG Mode. OCDS debug access to 8051 CPU is disabled. LVJTAG access is also disabled. 4:3 Reserved Reserved 2:1 LOCK[1:0] Active high. Locks VPP switch in individual sectors 1 and 0. 0 MLOCK Active high. Locks VPP switch to all sectors. 1 7:0 Reserved Reserved field for test. This field is used for 48 MHz oscillator trim. 2 7:4 Reserved Reserved field for test. This field is used for Band Gap trimming. 3:2 Reserved Reserved field for test 1:0 Reserved Reserved field for test. This field is used for 48 MHz oscillator trim. 3 7:0 Reserved Reserved field for test 4 7:0 Reserved Reserved field for test 5 7:0 Reserved Reserved field for test. 6 7:0 Reserved 7 7:0 Reserved Reserved field for test. 8 7:0 Reserved 9 7:0 Reserved Reserved field for test 10 7:0 Reserved 11 7:0 Reserved Reserved field for test. 12 13 14 15 7:0 Reserved UNIQUE_SNO Reserved field for test. This field is a Unique Serial number to make each die unique.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 181 SEC1110/SEC1210 The key objective for the test port design is to provide random access to the memory through a set of shift registers for testing and programming purposes. This is achieved by shifting in and out data, address and command synchronously with a serial clock. The length of all the registers is optimized for fastest test execution. In addition, a burst mode is provided that allows the user to quickly scan, shift or compare all or selected memory addresses under control of the internal address counter. An example of a READ CLEAN ARRAY test program using the burst mode is provided later. 16.2.5.1 Serial Test Port Operations The test port consists of an instruction decoder decoding the state of the test control pins TCMD[2:0], a 6-bit command register (CMD), a 24-bit mode register (TMODE), a 24-bit shift register (SHIFT) and a variable length address register (ADDRESS). SERIAL CONTROL logic is used to provide serial data input and serial data output connection. The following instructions are decoded from pins TCMD[2:0]: IDLE, DIRECT, SHIFT, UPDATE_MODE, UPDATE_ADDR, ROTATE, UPDATE_CMD, INC_ADDR. Table 16-6, “TCMD[2:0] Instruction Decoder,” on page 181 lists all valid instruction codes. The shift register is controlled by the serial clock TSCK (through JTAG_CLK) while the SHIFT instruction is decoded. The MSB is shifted first. The CMD, ADDRESS and TMODE registers are updated with the contents of the SHIFT register synchronously with TSCK upon decoding the UPDATE_CMD, UPDATE_ADDR and UPDATE_MODE instructions respectively. The mapping of the shift register bits to CMD, ADDRESS, TMODE bits is shown in Table 16-7, “TEST PORT Registers Mapping,” on page 182. The 8051 CPU has parallel access to the shift register through CPU_SHIFT_REG Register. The CMD Register controls the macrocell commands: READ, WRITE, PGM, PCH, COMP and RESET. The state of the CMD Register is synchronously with TSCK cleared by the IDLE instruction and asynchronously cleared by the TCLRN pin LOW. The 8051 CPU has parallel access to the command register through CPU_TCMD_REG Register. The TMODE Register controls macrocell control inputs. In addition, it controls the output TSO (to JTAG_TDO) multiplexer and a special burst/increment access mode. The DIRECT, ROTATE instructions provide control asynchronously for the macrocell SEN pin. DIRECT instruction connects the TSCK and TSI to macrocell serial port pins SCK and SI, which allows for direct serial access to the macrocell DATA REGISTER and macrocell MODE REGISTER. The ROTATE instruction connects the SO macrocell output to SI macrocell input and connects the TSCK to macrocell SCK input. The IDLE command clears the macrocell command register at the positive edge of the TSCK clock. The INC_ADDR command acts like the IDLE command but increments the address by 1 or 2 depending on the INC2 bit in the Test Mode Register. If INC2 = 0, addr = addr + 1 If INC2 = 1, addr = addr + 2 The tables below provides detail description for instruction set, registers mapping, burst and output TSO mux operation. TABLE 16-6: TCMD[2:0] INSTRUCTION DECODER TCMD[2:0] DECODED STATE DESCRIPTION 000 IDLE Reset CMD Register, increment ADDR if BURST0 and READ are active 001 DIRECT Macro SEN=HIGH, SCK=TSCK, SI=TSI 010 SHIFT Shift data in SHIFT Register by positive edge of TSCK 011 UPDATE_TMODE Update TMODE Register by positive edge of TSCK 100 UPDATE_ADDR Update ADDR Register by positive edge of TSCK 101 ROTATE Macro SEN=HIGH, SCK=TSCK, SI=SO 110 UPDATE_CMD Update CMD Register by positive edge of TSCK 111 INC_ADDR Reset CMD Register, increment ADDR SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 182  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 16-7: TEST PORT REGISTERS MAPPING SHIFT TMODE REGISTER CMD REGISTER ADDRESS REGISTER SR0 TSO_SEL0 COMP A0 SR1 TSO_SEL1 PCH A1 SR2 TSO_SEL2 PGM A2 SR3 BURST0 READ A3 SR4 BURST1 WRITE A4 SR5 INC2 RESET A5 SR6 MODE_SEL A6 SR7 RESET_M A7 SR8 AUX_UPDATE A8 SR9 MACRO_SEL A9 SR10 PWR_DOWN A10 SR11 MLOCK SR12 BIT_LOCK0 SR13 BIT_LOCK1 SR14 BIT_LOCK2 SR15 RED_EN SR16 PWRUP_ENB SR17 LOAD_QR SR18 QS_TEST SR19 PUP_DIS SR20 P_START SR21 ALL_BANKS SR22 MRB SR23 MRA SR24 AB0 SR25 AB1 SR[26 AB2 SR27 Reserved SR28 Reserved SR29 Reserved SR30 Reserved SR31 Reserved TABLE 16-8: TSO OUTPUT MULTIPLEXER DESCRIPTION BURST CONTROL TABLE TSO_SEL[2:0] TSO FUNCTION TSO_SEL[2:0] TSO FUNCTION 000 STATUS 100 PWR_UP 001 SO 101 VPP_MON 010 A10 110 STATUS 011 STATUS 111 STATUS  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 183 SEC1110/SEC1210 16.2.6 PARALLEL ACCESS TO TEST PORT INTERFACE Parallel access for the 8051 CPU. This enables parallel writes to the OTP Data and Mode registers. 16.2.6.1 OTP CPU Test Port Command Instruction Register 16.2.6.2 OTP CPU Test Port Control Register 16.2.6.3 OTP CPU Test Port Shift Register BURST[1:0] FUNCTION 00 no 01 READ 10 no 11 READ/COMP TABLE 16-9: CPU TEST PORT COMMAND INSTRUCTION REGISTER CPU_TCMD_REG (0X36 - RESET = 0X10) OTP TEST PORT COMMAND REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4 TRSTN R/W OTP Test Port reset of TMODE, CMD, SHIFT registers. 3 TCLRN R/W OTP Test Port clear of the command register. 2:0 TCMD[2:0] R/W OTP Test Port Command instruction TABLE 16-10: CPU TEST PORT CONTROL REGISTER CPU_TCTL_REG (0X37 - RESET = 0X00) OTP TEST PORT CONTROL REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7 COUNT_EN R/W Generate clocks in TSCK, COUNT times. If this bit is set, TSCK is generated every CPU clock and COUNT field is decrement by one; until COUNT field becomes zero. 6:0 COUNT[5:0] R/W Indicated number of TSCK clocks to generate TABLE 16-11: CPU TEST PORT SHIFT REGISTER CPU_SHIFT_REG (0X38 ~ 0X3B- RESET = 0X00) OTP TEST PORT SHIFT REGISTER BYTE NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 0 SHIFT[7:0] R/W OTP Test Port Shift register. The mapping of shift register bits to TMODE, CMD, ADDRESS registers of OTP is shown in Table 16- 7, “TEST PORT Registers Mapping,” on page 182. 1 SHIFT[15:8] R/W 2 SHIFT[23:16] R/W 3 SHIFT[31:24] R/W SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 184  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 16.2.6.4 OTP CPU Test Port Status Register The writes to OTP_TDATA_REG[7:0] at 0x40 offset (OTP_TDATA_REG at 0x41 to 0x4F must have been written earlier), cause this data to be input to OTP, and the WRITE command to be pulsed (a single ref_clk). The bits in TMODE register must have been updated by the firmware by writing to the CPU_SHIFT register and UPDATE_MODE command before any of the Mode register writes. The reads to any register in OTP_TDATA_REG causes the current internal OTP data register values to be provided to the CPU. 16.2.6.5 Mode Register (MR) The Mode Register controls all internal references needed for read, program, verify and test operations. The RESET_M command resets the Mode Register to its default settings. The MODE_SEL pin selects between the Data Register and the Mode Register for serial shift and parallel write access. Both registers have common serial input and output (SI,SO) pins, but they have separate parallel data input and output buses. The hardware asserts RESET for a clock (clk48) to the OTPROM to reset the MR, MRA, MRB registers, to be ready for Functional Mode. TABLE 16-12: CPU TEST PORT STATUS REGISTER CPU_TP_STATUS_REG (0X3C ~ 0X3C- RESET = 0X00) OTP TEST PORT STATUS REGISTER BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:5 Reserved R Always read as 0 4 OTP_TSO R Indicates the Test Port TSO value. 3 OTP_SO R Serial data output from DATA/MODE REGISTER 2 OTP_STATUS R Active high. Comparator output. 1 OTP_VPP_MON R Active high. If enabled (HIGH), indicates that VPP is applied. 0 OTP_PWR_UP R Active high Power-up reset output. HIGH when power detected. Status bit, used by ROM firmware to ensure OTP is working. TABLE 16-13: OTP MODE REGISTER LSB OTP_MODE_MRL (0X30 - RESET = 0X00) OTP MODE REGISTER LSB BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 MR[7:0] R/W Microchip use only. TABLE 16-14: OTP MODE REGISTER MSB OTP_MODE_MRH (0X31 - RESET = 0X00) OTP MODE REGISTER MSB BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 MR[15:8] R/W Microchip use only.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 185 SEC1110/SEC1210 16.2.6.6 Auxiliary Mode Register (MRA and MRB) In addition to the main Mode Register (MR), OTP macrocells are equipped with Auxiliary Mode Registers (MRA and MRB) controlling internal voltage regulators and charge pumps. These registers are accessed using AUX_UPDATE command and the MRA and MRB settings. The writes to OTP_MODE_MRL (OTP_MODE_MRH must have been written earlier), cause this data to be input to OTP, and the WRITE command to be pulsed (a single ref_clk). Similarly, the writes to OTP_MODE_MRAL (OTP_MODE_MRAH must have been written earlier), cause this data to be input to OTP, and the WRITE command to be pulsed (a single ref_clk). The writes to OTP_MODE_MRBL (OTP_MODE_MRBH must have been written earlier), cause this data to be input to OTP, and the WRITE command to be pulsed (a single ref_clk). The bits in TMODE register must have been updated by the firmware by writing to the CPU_SHIFT register and UPDATE_MODE command before any of the Mode register writes. The reads to OTP_MODE_MRH or OTP_MODE_MRL causes the current internal OTP Mode Register values to be updated to these registers, and provided to the CPU. The reads to OTP_MODE_MRAH or OTP_MODE_MRAL causes the current internal OTP Mode Register A values to be updated to these registers, and provided to the CPU. The reads to OTP_MODE_MRBH or OTP_MODE_MRBL causes the current internal OTP Mode Register B values to be updated to these registers, and provided to the CPU. TABLE 16-15: OTP MODE A REGISTER LSB OTP_MODE_MRAL (0X32 - RESET = 0X00) OTP MODE A REGISTER LSB BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 MRA[7:0] R/W Microchip use only. TABLE 16-16: OTP MODE A REGISTER MSB OTP_MODE_MRAH (0X33 - RESET = 0X00) OTP MODE A REGISTER MSB BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 MRA[15:8] R/W Microchip use only. TABLE 16-17: OTP MODE B REGISTER LSB OTP_MODE_MRBL (0X34 - RESET = 0X00) OTP MODE B REGISTER LSB BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 7:0 MRB[7:0] R/W Microchip use only. TABLE 16-18: OTP MODE B REGISTER MSB OTP_MODE_MRBH (0X35 - RESET = 0X00) OTP MODE B REGISTER MSB BIT NAME R/W DESCRIPTION 15:0 MRB15:0 R/W Microchip use only. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 186  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 16.2.7 MEMORY COMMANDS 16.2.7.1 WRITE Command The user has full access to the Data and Mode registers through the parallel input/output ports using SHIFT and WRITE commands. The WRITE command loads asynchronously data into the Data Register (or Mode Register). The selection between the Data and Mode registers is done with the MODE_SEL bit. During programming, the SHIFT or WRITE commands are used to write data into the Data Register, which is then programmed into the NVM memory array using the PROGRAM command. The commands are also used to setup the different registers (MR, MRA, MRB) of the SiPROM macrocell. 16.2.7.2 SHIFT Command The OTP ROM macrocell interface is implemented as a serial/parallel input/output interface to the shift registers (Data/Mode registers). The SHIFT command interface includes the Shift Clock (SCK), the Shift Enable (SEN), the Shift Input (SI) and the Shift Output (SO) pins. Bits are shifted serially through the SI pin into the Most Significant Bit (MSB) of the Data/Mode Register. All bits inside the Data/Mode Register are shifted by one position lower at each SCK period when SEN is held high. The Least Significant Bit (LSB) of the Data/Mode Register is output on the SO pin. All bits are shifted synchronously with the SCK clock. The selection between the Data and Mode registers is done with the MODE_SEL signal. 16.2.7.3 READ Command The READ command asynchronously transfers data from the memory location addressed by the A[10:0] pins to the Data Register output latch, without overriding the input latch set by the WRITE or SHIFT commands. Once retrieved, the data is available on the parallel outputs Q[127:0] or can be shifted out through the SO pin using the serial clock SCK and SHIFT command. The READ command is externally controlled by the READ pulse width.  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 187 SEC1110/SEC1210 17.0 TEST MODES, JTAG, AND XNOR There are two JTAG controllers in parallel, one for 8051 CPU Functional Mode and one for test modes. Only one of the them is active at any time, depending on the mode of operation. 17.1 Functional 8051 JTAG Capabilities • Fully compliant with IEEE1149.1 standard • 4-bit Instruction Register • Standard 1-bit BYPASS register • Standard 32-bit IDCODE register • Four JTAG registers give access to on-chip memory and register resources • Boundary Scan for the chip FIGURE 17-1: JTAG TEST BLOCK DIAGRAM TEST JTAG 8051 JTAG (O C D S) JTAG_TDI JTAG_CLK JTAG_TMS JTAG_TDO T est M odes F unctional M ode SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 188  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 18.0 DC PARAMETERS 18.1 Maximum Ratings Note 18-1 Stresses above the specified parameters may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at any condition above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Note 18-2 When powering this device from laboratory or system power supplies the Absolute Maximum Ratings must not be exceeded or device failure can result. Some power supplies exhibit voltage spikes on their outputs when the AC power is switched on or off. In addition, voltage transients on the AC power line may appear on the DC output. When this possibility exists, a clamp circuit should be used. Note 18-3 RESET_N should not be set HIGH (e.g., 5.5 V) if VDD5 is 0 as the circuit will not be reliable. PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN MAX UNITS COMMENTS Storage Temperature TSTOR -55 150 °C Lead Temperature °C Refer to JEDEC Specification J-STD-020D VDD5 supply voltage VDD5 -0.3 5.5 V Voltage on USB_DP and USB_DM pins -0.3 3.6 V 3.3 V  10%. Voltage on RESET_N 0 VDD5 (Note 18-3) V This pin may be connected to VDD5 externally (optionally to a RC circuit), or is between 3.0 to VDD5. indefinitely, without damage to the device as long as VDD5 are less than 5.5 V and TA is less than 70oC. Voltage on any signal pin -0.3 5.5 V • Positive Voltage on any signal pin, with respect to Ground 5.5 V • Negative Voltage on any pin, with respect to Ground-0.3 V • Maximum VDD5, +5.5 V FIGURE 18-1: SUPPLY RISE TIME MODELS t10% 10% 90% Voltage tR T t90% Tim e 100% VSS VDD5 3.0V to 5.5V  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 189 SEC1110/SEC1210 18.2 Operating Conditions Note 18-1 0°C for commercial, -40°C for industrial. Note 18-2 +70°C for commercial, +85°C for industrial. 18.3 DC Electrical Characteristics (TA = 0°C - 70°C, VDD5 = +3.6 V to +5.5 V, unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN MAX UNITS COMMENTS Operating Temperature TA Note 18-1 Note 18-2 °C Ambient temperature in air. 5.0 V supply voltage VDD5 3.6 5.5 V This pin may be connected to VBUS of USB. To support Class A Smart Card a 4.8 V minimum is required which may not be met by VBUS. VDD5 supply rise time tRT 400 ns (Figure 18-1) Voltage on USB_DP and USB_DM pins 3.0 3.6 V If VDD5 drops below 3.6 V, then the MAX becomes VDD5 Voltage on RESET_N 0 VDD5 (Note 18-3) V This pin may be connected to VDD5 externally (optionally to a RC circuit), or is between 3.0 to VDD5. indefinitely, without damage to the device as long as VDD5 are less than 5.5 V and TA is less than 70oC. Voltage on any signal pin -0.3 5.5 V Other than USB_DP, USB_DM, Smart Card pins, RESET_N PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS COMMENTS I/O8PUD Type Bidir Pad Low Output Level VOL - - 0.4 V IOL = -8 mA High Output Level VOH VDD33 - 0.4 - - VIOH = 8 mA 8 mA I/O sinking current IOL8 8.3 12.6 18.4 mA VOUT = 0.4 V 8 mA I/O sinking output impedance ROL8 21.7 31.6 48.3  VOUT = 0.4 V 8 mA I/O sourcing current IOH8 8.1 11.6 16 mA VOUT = VDD33 - 0.4 V 8 mA I/O sourcing output impedance ROH8 25 34.6 50  VOUT = VDD33 - 0.4 V Output Leakage IIH5 1 µA VIN= 0 to VDD33,27°C 1.4 8 12 µA VIN = 0 to 5.5 V, 27°C 20 µA VIN = 0 to 5.5 V, 85°C 80 µA VIN=0 to 5.5 V,125°C (Note 18-3) Low Input Level VIL -0.3 - 0.8 V High Input Level VIH5 2.0 - 5.5 V Hysteresis VHYSI 336 399 459 mV Pull-Down RDPD 46 65 90 k Condition Vpad = VDD33 IDPD 33 50 79 A Pull-Up RDPU 53 66 80 k Condition Vpad = 0 V (Note 18-8) IDPU 38 50 68 A SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 190  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Note 18-3 Output leakage is measured with the current pins in high impedance. Note 18-4 See Chapter 7, USB Specification Revision 2.0 for USB DC electrical characteristics. Note 18-5 See the USB 2.0 Specification, Chapter 7, for USB DC electrical characteristics. Note 18-6 The minimum VDD5 voltage necessary for proper operation of USB is 3.6 V. Note 18-7 The USB suspend mode current ICSBY includes the current drawn through the USB_DP pin, which is mandatory to indicate it is connected as a 12 Mbps device. Note 18-8 Pull-up and pull-down impedances change with pad output voltage due to 5 V protection circuitry, the voltage measured on a 5 V tolerant I/O pad during pull-up is a volt tolerant below VDD33. Note 18-9 See the ISO/IEC7816-3 Third Edition 2006-11-01, Section 5.2 for Smart Card electrical characteristics. Note 18-10 See the EMV 4.3 Specification for Smart Card Test and compliance setup. Note 18-11 See the GSM Specification for Smart Card Test and compliance setup. Note 18-12 All signal pins are 5 V tolerant IO-U (Note 18-5) USB (Note 18-5) (Note 18-6) RESET_N Rise Time Trst_r 100 ns RESET_N pad (Note 18-3) RESET_N Fall Time Trst_f 100 ns RESET_N Low Input level VILRST 0.1 V RESET_N low causes STOP mode entry Oscillator 48/8/4 MHz accuracy -40 < T < 125 °C 3.6 < VDD5 < 6.8 V F48acc 0.1 0.2 % Internal oscillator @ 48 MHz with USB Dynamic Trim enabled F48accd 0.82 1.5 % Internal oscillator @ 48 MHz without USB Dynamic Trim enabled F8acc 0.78 1.83 % Internal oscillator @ 8 MHz F4acc 0.78 1.83 % Internal oscillator @ 4 MHz PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS COMMENTS Smart Card SC1_VCC, SC2_VCC Regulator Output (IEC7816-3 Class A/B/C) Smart Card Power Supply Voltage VSC1_VCC, VSC2_VCC 4.6 VDD5- 0.2 min ((VDD5- 0.285), 5.25) V Class A mode, ISC1_VCC = 0 to 55 mA Note 18-13 2.76 3.0 3.24 V Class B mode 1.66 1.8 1.94 V Class C mode Smart Card Power Supply current ISC1, ISC2 55 mA Class A/B/C Smart Card Over Current Sense (OCS) Detection IOCS1, IOCS2 110 mA Detection Time on OCS tOSCDET 1 s SC1_VCC/SC2_VCC Turn Off Time tSCOFF 5 ms SEC1110/SEC1210 A1 version Note 18-14 500 s All Later versions SC1_VCC/SC2_VCC Turn On Time tSCON 1 ms 1.0 F load Note 18-14 PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS COMMENTS  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 191 SEC1110/SEC1210 Smart Card SC1_CLK/SC2_CLK Pin SC1_CLK, SC2_CLK Low Output Level at VSC1_VCC/VSC2_VCC=min @ CL=30pF Note 18-15 VOL 0 0.4 V Class A: SEC1110/SEC1210 A1 version: 100µA < IOL < 0, All Later versions: IOLmax = -1 mA @125 °C 0 0.4 V Class B: SEC1110/SEC1210 A1 version: 100µA < IOL < 0, Later versions: IOLmax = -1 mA @125 °C 0 0.15 VSCx_VC C V Class C: SEC1110/SEC1210 A1 version: 100µA < IOL < 0, Later versions: IOLmax = -1 mA @125 °C SC1_CLK, SC2_CLK High Output Level at VSC1_VCC/VSC2_VCC=min @ CL=30pF Note 18-16 VOH VSCx_VC C - 0.5V VSCx_VC C V Class A 0 <> indicate a Parameter is optional or is only used under some conditions {,Parameter} Braces indicate Parameter(s) that repeat one or more times. [Parameter] Brackets indicate a nested Parameter. This Parameter is not real and actually decodes into one or more real parameters. SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 212  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. APPENDIX B: REFERENCES [1] Universal Serial Bus Specification, Version 2.0, April 27, 2000 (12/7/2000 and 5/28/2002 Errata) USB Implementers Forum, Inc. http://www.usb.org [2] JEDEC Specifications: JESD76-2 (June 2001) and J-STD-020D.1 (March 2008) JEDEC Global Standards for the Microelectronics Industry.http://www.jedec.org/standards-documents [3] EMV Integrated Circuit Card Specifications for Payment Systems, Book 1 “Application Independent ICC to Terminal Interface Requirements”, Version 4.3, November 2011 [4] ETSI TS 102 221 V8.3.0 (2009-08) [5] ISO/IEC 7816-3 Third edition, 2006-11-01  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 213 SEC1110/SEC1210 APPENDIX C: REVISION HISTORY TABLE C-1: REVISION HISTORY REVISION LEVEL & DATE SECTION/FIGURE/ENTRY CORRECTION DS00001561C (09-28-16) Product Identification System Added new SEC1210 part markings Updated Trademark and Sales Listing pages All Removed SPI slave references. DS00001561B (05-27-15) Document is converted to Microchip template. Package Outlines on page 207 Package diagrams updated Features Supply input changed from “3.0 V to 5.5 V” to “3.6 V to 5.5 V”. Section 18.2, "Operating Conditions," on page 189 Corrected VDD5 minimum to 3.6V. Section 18.3, "DC Electrical Characteristics," on page 189 Corrected VDD5 minimum to 3.6V in “Oscillator 48/8/4 MHz accuracy” entry of Parameter column. SEC1110/SEC1210 REV A replaces the previous SMSC version, Revision 1.3 Added industrial temperature options and additional ordering codes Fixed misc. errors and typos. Removed errant references to non SEC1110/SEC1210 parts Updated Appendix A acronyms section Added Appendix A definitions section SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 214  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information: • Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software • General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing • Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. To register, access the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on “Customer Change Notification” and follow the registration instructions. CUSTOMER SUPPORT Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: • Distributor or Representative • Local Sales Office • Field Application Engineer (FAE) • Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. Technical support is available through the web site at: http://www.microchip.com/support  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 215 SEC1110/SEC1210 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. SEC1110 and Legacy SEC1210 Devices Note: In 2013, the Microchip method for part marking changed. This transition is typically transparent to the customer. However, in the case of the SEC1210, 2013 and newer parts utilize new ordering codes. SEC1110 and legacy SEC1210 part markings are provided in the SEC1110 and Legacy SEC1210 Devices section. The new SEC1210 part markings are provided in the New SEC1210 Devices (2013+) section. Device: SEC1110, SEC1210 Temperature Range: Blank = 0C to +70C (Commercial) I = -40C to +85C (Industrial) Package/Features: A5-02 = 16-pin QFN, 5 x 5 x 9mm (SEC1110 only) A5-02NC= 16-pin QFN, 5 x 5 x 9mm (SEC1110 only) CN-02= 24-pin QFN, 5 x 5 x 9mm (SEC1210 only) CN-02NC= 24-pin QFN, 5 x 5 x 9mm (SEC1210 only) Tape and Reel Option: Blank = Standard packaging (tray) TR = Tape and Reel(1) Examples: a) SEC1110-A5-02: Commercial temp 16-pin QFN, Tray b) SEC1110-A5-02-TR: Commercial temp 16-pin QFN, Tape & Reel c) SEC1110I-A5-02: Industrial temp 16-pin QFN, Tray d) SEC1110I-A5-02-TR: Industrial temp 16-pin QFN, Tape & Reel e) SEC1110-A5-02NC: Commercial temp 16-pin QFN, Tray, no ROM Code f) SEC1110-A5-02NC-TR: Commercial temp 16-pin QFN, Tape & Reel, no ROM Code g) SEC1210-CN-02: Commercial temp 24-pin QFN, Tray h) SEC1210-CN-02-TR: Commercial temp 24-pin QFN, Tape & Reel i) SEC1210I-CN-02: Industrial temp 24-pin QFN, Tray j) SEC1210I-CN-02-TR: Industrial temp 24-pin QFN, Tape & Reel k) SEC1210-CN-02NC: Commercial temp 24-pin QFN, Tray, no ROM Code l) SEC1210-CN-02NC-TR: Commercial temp 24-pin QFN, Tape & Reel, no ROM Code PART NO. [X] XXX Temperature Package/ Range Device [X](1) Tape and Reel Option - - Note 1: Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the catalog part number description. This identifier is used for ordering purposes and is not printed on the device package. Check with your Microchip Sales Office for package availability with the Tape and Reel option. Reel size is 5,000. Features SEC1110/SEC1210 DS00001561C-page 216  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. New SEC1210 Devices (2013+) Device: SEC1210 Tape and Reel Option: Blank = Standard packaging (tray) TR = Tape and Reel(1) Temperature Range: Blank = 0C to +70C (Commercial) I = -40C to +85C (Industrial) Package/Features: PV-URT= 24-pin QFN, Smart Card bridge to UART PV-UR2= 24-pin QFN, Dual Smart Card bridge to UART Examples: a) SEC1210/PV-URT Commercial temp, 24-pin QFN, Tray, Smart Card bridge to UART b) SEC1210T/PV-URT Commercial temp, 24-pin QFN, Tape & Reel, Smart Card bridge to UART c) SEC1210-I/PV-URT Industrial temp, 24-pin QFN, Tray, Smart Card bridge to UART d) SEC1210T-I/PV-URT Industrial temp, 24-pin QFN, Tape & Reel, Smart Card bridge to UART e) SEC1210/PV-UR2 Commercial temp, 24-pin QFN, Tray, Dual Smart Card bridge to UART f) SEC1210T/PV-UR2 Commercial temp, 24-pin QFN, Tape & Reel, Dual Smart Card bridge to UART g) SEC1210-I/PV-UR2 Industrial temp, 24-pin QFN, Tray, Dual Smart Card bridge to UART h) SEC1210T-I/PV-UR2 Industrial temp, 24-pin QFN, Tape & Reel, Dual Smart Card bridge to UART PART NO. [X] XXX Temperature Package/ Range Device - / Note 1: Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the catalog part number description. This identifier is used for ordering purposes and is not printed on the device package. Check with your Microchip Sales Office for package availability with the Tape and Reel option. Reel size is 5,000. Features [X](1) Tape and Reel Option  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001561C-page 217 SEC1110/SEC1210 Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, AnyRate, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, Heldo, JukeBlox, KeeLoq, KeeLoq logo, Kleer, LANCheck, LINK MD, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. ClockWorks, The Embedded Control Solutions Company, ETHERSYNCH, Hyper Speed Control, HyperLight Load, IntelliMOS, mTouch, Precision Edge, and QUIET-WIRE are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Any Capacitor, AnyIn, AnyOut, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, Dynamic Average Matching, DAM, ECAN, EtherGREEN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, JitterBlocker, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, motorBench, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, PureSilicon, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, Ripple Blocker, Serial Quad I/O, SQI, SuperSwitcher, SuperSwitcher II, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. ISBN: 9781522409816 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 ==  2013 - 2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 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 2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 1 INTRODUCTION Although many applications can function with PWM resolutions of less than eight bits, there is a range of applications, such as dimming of lamps, where higher resolution is required due to the sensitivity of the human eye. BACKGROUND A conventional PWM uses a timer to produce a regular switching frequency (TPWM), and then uses a ripple counter to determine how many clocks the output is held high before the pulse ends. The output pulse width is adjusted as indicated in Figure 1 to produce, in this case, a PWM with five possible duty cycle settings (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% or 100%). FIGURE 1: CONVENTIONAL PWM The effective resolution (measured in bits) of a PWM can be calculated by taking the base-2 logarithm of the number of pulse width settings (N) possible. EQUATION 1: PWM RESOLUTION For a device running at 16 MHz, the smallest duty cycle adjustment increment would be 62.5 ns (one system clock). If the PWM is configured to run at a switching frequency of 200 kHz (switching period of 5 us), 100% duty cycle will be achieved when the duty cycle register is set to 80 clocks (80 x 62.5 ns = 5 us). This would make the effective PWM resolution only slightly more than six bits, as there are 80 steps to choose from. This is because one system clock divides into one period 80 times. Knowing that there are 80 possible duty cycle steps, a precise value for the resolution of the PWM can be calculated as follows (Equation 2): EQUATION 2: PWM RESOLUTION EXAMPLE A PWM running from a 16 MHz clock, which has a 10-bit duty cycle register, will start losing resolution due to this limitation at a 15.6 kHz switching frequency. For higher PWM switching frequencies, the duty cycle will reach 100% before all of the steps in the 10-bit duty cycle register have been used, and for all the remaining values the output will simply remain at 100% duty cycle. The frequency at which this point is reached can be calculated as follows (Equation 5): EQUATION 3: SWITCHING FREQUENCY LIMITATION Author: Cobus Van Eeden Microchip Technology Inc. Resolution log = 2  N log280 6.32 bits = Fosc #Steps --------------- 16MHz 2 10 ------------------ 16 000 000   1024 == = ----------------------------- 15.6 kHz Combining the CLC and NCO to Implement a High-Resolution PWM AN1476 AN1476 DS00001476B-page 2  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. In most PWM applications, the PWM is switched at a much higher frequency than the output can ever change. By filtering this PWM signal using a low-pass filter, the desired output is obtained. The filter removes the high-frequency switching components of the PWM by essentially calculating the average value of the PWM signal, and presents this as the output. For example, in a switching power supply, the output voltage will be directly proportional to the duty cycle. The consequence of this relationship is that the smaller the adjustment to the PWM duty cycle, the smaller the resulting change to the output will be resulting in more precise control of the output. From a control systems point of view, being able to make small adjustments to the output effectively lowers the quantization gain introduced by the PWM. In control systems, this lowering of the gain is important to ensure stability of the system. DESIGN PWM Construction In principal, a PWM is created by the combination of the two parameters. The first being a repeating trigger, which determines how often the switching period or switching frequency are pulsed, and the second being a single-pulse generator, which determines how wide the pulse is (the duty cycle). This is illustrated in Figure 2. FIGURE 2: PWM CONSTRUCTION In order to achieve an increase in the effective PWM resolution, the NCO peripheral on the PIC® device will be used to create a monostable circuit (a circuit that gives a single pulse of fixed duration when triggered). The NCO will generate a signal that varies between two values in a defined proportion, creating an average pulse width, which is somewhere in between two system clocks, as illustrated in Figure 3. The PWM signal pulse width will vary (jitter/dither) by one clock period, with the proportion/ratio of the variation precisely determined by the NCO configuration. FIGURE 3: NCO BASED PWM OPERATION Switching Period Source Pulse Generator Repeating Pulses = PWM Trigger  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 3 AN1476 In any application where the output is producing an average value (e.g., average power transfer to the load in SMPS or lighting applications), the variation in pulse width will be perfectly acceptable, because the average pulse width is accurately controlled. By itself, the NCO peripheral cannot produce a PWM signal, but its behavior can be changed by adding some logic using the CLC to produce a PWM output. This can be achieved by using the conventional PWM as a clock source to trigger the PWM period, and use the NCO to determine the pulse width. Any number of clock sources could be used (e.g., Timers or even external signals), and in some applications an external trigger can be used to start the pulses, such as a zero-current detection circuit for power supplies. A simplified block diagram of how this will work is shown in Figure 4. FIGURE 4: NCO-BASED PWM PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION The control logic in the CLC is used to set an output when the switching clock indicates that it is time for the next pulse, and clear this output to complete the pulse once the NCO overflows. AN1476 DS00001476B-page 4  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. IMPLEMENTATION USING CLC AND NCO An implementation of this design using the NCO and CLC is shown in Figure 5. For this design, the NCO is placed in Pulse Frequency mode. In this mode of operation, a short pulse is produced when the NCO overflows. The operation of the circuit can be described as follows: 1. When the system begins, the NCO output is low because it is waiting for enough clocks to count until it overflows and produces a pulse. This low output signal is inverted so that the PWM output becomes high and is fed into U2. This will supply a high-speed clock back into the NCO clock pin via U3. 2. The PWM output will remain high until the accumulator overflows and the NCO output changes. This will cause U2 to stop producing the clock needed to run the NCO. At this point, the NCO is stuck high until it can get the clocks needed to finish its pulse. The PWM output is now low. 3. The timing source will then pulse high through U1 when the next period begins, feeding the high-speed clock back to the NCO via U3. 4. The NCO uses these few clocks to finish the pulse, and then the output toggles back to the low position where it starts the process over from step 1 above. The amount of time it takes the NCO to overflow will depend on the remainder left in the accumulator after the last overflow, as well as the increment register. Due to the accumulation of remainders the pulse will sometimes be one system clock shorter than usual. By controlling how often this happens (setting the increment register), the exact average pulse width can be controlled. FIGURE 5: PWM IMPLEMENTATION USING CLC AND NCO CALCULATIONS The calculation of the pulse width will be according to the NCO overflow frequency calculation, as listed in the data sheet. EQUATION 4: OUTPUT FREQUENCY The average overflow frequency of the NCO will determine the average output pulse width (TPULSE) produced. EQUATION 5: AVERAGE PULSE WIDTH Table 1 below shows the pulse width, which this circuit will produce using a 16 MHz clock connected directly to the NCO clock input (FNCO), given various increment register values. Note that, for high increment values, a single increment of the register will change the pulse width by a mere 15 ps. CLK NCO OUT PWM Output Fosc Timing Source Duty Cycle Control Time Base Examples Timer Overflow PWM External Trigger (ZC/ZV) Clock/Oscillator Switching Frequency Control FOUT FNCO Increment 2 n =  -------------------------- TPULSE 1 FOUT = -------------  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 5 AN1476 CHARACTERISTICS It is important to note that the NCO is designed to give linear control over frequency. The control over pulse width is subsequently not linear. As can be seen from the equation for calculating TPULSE above (Equation 5), the pulse width will vary with the inverse of the frequency (1/x). The result is that the effective resolution of the PWM is not constant over the entire range from 0% to 100% duty cycle. For every duty cycle setting, the effective resolution at this particular point can be calculated and then plotted on a graph. This curve will look different depending on what the switching frequency is, the pulse width being adjusted independently from the switching frequency. For a FSW = 3 kHz and a 16 MHz clock, the graphic will look as follows (Figure 6). FIGURE 6: HIGH RES PWM RESOLUTION PLOTTED AGAINST DUTY CYCLE (CLOCK = 16 MHz, FSW = 3 kHz) Although there is an equivalent of 21 bits of resolution close to 0% duty cycle, this deteriorates to only 7.5 bits of resolution at 100% duty cycle, at which point the conventional PWM would outperform our high-resolution implementation. Interestingly, and perhaps counter-intuitively, the resolution can be improved by decreasing the NCO input clock frequency. Reducing this clock to 1 MHz will have the result shown below (Figure 7). TABLE 1: CALCULATED PWM PULSE WIDTH FOR DIFFERENT INCREMENT REGISTER VALUES Increment Value NCO FOUT (Hz) Average Pulse Width (ns) 65000 991,821 1,008.246 65001 991,837 1,008.231 20000 305,176 3,276.800 20001 305,191 3,276.636 100 1,526 655,360.000 101 1,541 648,871.287 23 21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 AN1476 DS00001476B-page 6  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 7: HIGH RES PWM RESOLUTION PLOTTED AGAINST DUTY CYCLE (CLOCK = 1 MHz, FSW = 3 kHz) There is, of course, a limitation, as can be seen, close to 0% duty cycle, where the increment register maximum value is reached and smaller pulses cannot be generated any more, but the resolution now never reduces to less than 11 bits. One way to improve the performance would be to invert the PWM signal when it exceeds 50% duty cycle. Doing this can effectively mirror the performance under 50% duty cycle to the region above it, with the higher resolution. There is still the option to use the original curve where the limits of the increment are reached. This results in the following graphic (Figure 8) for the same conditions as the graphic above. FIGURE 8: RESOLUTION VS DUTY CYCLE WITH SIGNAL INVERSION AT 50% DUTY CYCLE (CLOCK = 1 MHz, FSW = 3 kHz) 19 21 17 15 13 11 9 7 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001476B-page 7 AN1476 When the intention is to achieve both the highest possible switching frequency and the highest resolution using this technique, the configuration shown below can be used (Figure 9). This graphic shows the achievable resolution when using a 16 MHz clock at a switching frequency of 500 kHz. FIGURE 9: HIGH RES PWM RESOLUTION PLOTTED AGAINST DUTY CYCLE WITH INVERSION AT 50% (CLOCK = 16 MHz, FSW = 500 kHz) SUMMARY Conventional PWMs start losing effective resolution at relatively low-switching frequencies. For applications where the switching frequencies have to be fairly high, and having as much PWM resolution as possible at these frequencies is necessary, the NCO can be used in conjunction with the CLC to create a very high-resolution PWM output. The smallest incremental change in pulse width achievable by a conventional PWM with a 16 MHz system clock speed would be 62.5 ns. If the fastest available PWM clock is FOSC/4, then this increases to 250 ns. On the same device, a PWM with an incremental pulse width change of as little as 15 ps can be constructed using the technique described in this application note. Even if the requirement is not primarily high resolution, this solution may still be attractive for a number of applications, adding an additional PWM to the capability of the device, or having a constant on/off-time variable frequency PWM, where the pulse is triggered externally as required, when doing zero current switching in high-efficiency power converters. 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 DS00001476B-page 8  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2012-2015, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 978-1-63277-695-2 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 ==  2012-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 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